Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry最新文献

The inhalation of radon and its decay products is the primary source of natural radiation exposure for the general population. The solid particles produced by radon decay are also radioactive and can easily penetrate deep into the lungs, causing damage to the airways. To better understand the harmful effects of inhaling radon decay, we have used a Computational Fluid Dynamics method to model the deposition of radioactive particles in the human respiratory system. This method was used to determine the effective dose resulting from exposure to radon progeny. The simulations have been conducted with representative breathing intensities of light (15 L/min), normal (30 L/min), and heavy (60 L/min) breathing under continuous breathing conditions. The numerical results show that larger particles are deposited more in the bronchi and at higher inhalation rates due to higher inertia. Furthermore, the airflow velocity field and deposition rates were obtained and discussed in detail. The dose conversion factor of radon decay products was calculated for different airflows, taking into account the deposition rates. The calculated dose conversion factor for attached fractions (6.62–11.35 mSv WLM⁻¹) and unattached fractions (3.48–4.68 mSv WLM⁻¹) is above the recommended range of 5.4–10.6 mSv WLM⁻¹ obtained by the International Commission on Radiological Protection and also by the World Health Organization at a level of 10 mSv WLM⁻¹.

Personalized radiation therapy in Nuclear Medicine aims to tailor treatment regimens to individual patients based on their unique biological characteristics. Recent advancements in radiobiology techniques offer promising avenues for achieving this goal. This review explores key developments in radiobiology, including molecular imaging, radiomics, biomarkers of radiosensitivity, microdosimetry, theranostics, and artificial intelligence. These techniques enable a more precise understanding of tumor biology, prediction of treatment response, and optimization of radiation dose delivery. By integrating radiobiological information into clinical decision-making, personalized radiation therapy in Nuclear Medicine can lead to improved treatment outcomes and reduced side effects.

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Rare earth acid insoluble slag (REAIS) is a low-level radioactive slag that is stored in most enterprises nowadays. Because of the pressure from negative environmental consequences and stock saturation, it is imperative to reduced dispose of REAIS. In this paper, we propose a sodium hydroxide-assisted low-temperature roasting method for the conversion of barium sulfate in REAIS (approximately 25% of REAIS). And the effects of the mixing method, mass ratio, carbon dioxide flow rate, roasting temperature, and roasting time on the conversion of barium salt were investigated. The results showed that the optimized process, which included a slurry mixing with a REAIS/NaOH mass ratio of 1:1, roasting for 3 h at 425 °C, and a carbon dioxide flow rate of 3 L min⁻¹, produced more than 96% conversion rate of barium salt, 33% efficiency of sodium hydroxide, and 65% reduction rate of REAIS. The efficient conversion of barium salts in the REAIS could lead to the recovery of barium resources. This has made a significant contribution to REAIS reduction, lessening the impact on the environment and public health, and has provided a directional guideline for the reduction of REAIS emissions.

This study investigates the structural characteristics of granite in southeastern Hunan Province and their impact on radon exhalation rates. By quantitatively analyzing the main minerals, significant correlations were found between radon exhalation rates and various structural parameters. Notably, biotite particle size positively correlated with radon exhalation, while quartz particle size showed a negative correlation. This research is the first to apply quantitative structural analysis to radon exhalation in granite, providing new insights and methods for future studies and environmental safety standards.

Carum carvi-derived quantum dots (CcQDs) were prepared using thermal pyrolyzing. The surface functionalization of CcQDs were achieved via L-cysteine ligand. Labeled CcQDs with technetium-99m were prepared using a simple direct radiolabeling method. Radio chromatographic techniques were used to analyze radiochemical yield. Quality control results indicated that QDs could be efficiently labeled with ^99mTc-radionuclide (> 98% radiochemical yield). The in vivo biodistribution parameters were studied in tumorized BALB/c mouse. The amount of uptake in xenograft models of mice colon carcinoma was 1.27 ± 0.15% ID/g after 1 h. ^99mTc-labeled T-Cysteine-CcQDs, could be included as a radiotracer for imaging colon carcinoma tumors.

Ion exchange resins used in uranium mines for neutral in-situ leaching mining often experience a reduction in their working exchange capacity owing to contamination. Three regeneration techniques–ultrasonic regeneration, (HCl+H₂O₂) regeneration, and (HCl+H₂O₂) treatment–ultrasonication regeneration methods–were employed to treat the resin, and the efficiencies of the methods were compared. The results indicated that the combination of (1 mol HCl+0.5% H₂O₂) treatment with 10 min ultrasonication exhibited the highest regeneration effectiveness. The industrial applicability verification test showed that the combined method improved the working performanceof the resin from 62.50 to 80.88% after regeneration. Regenerating the contaminated resin in the leachate treatment plant can enhance the efficiency operation of the leachate treatment process.

Quality assessment of processed food products in terms of minor and trace elements is important as certain elements can cause serious health problems if consumed in excessive amount. A total of 20 elements including three toxic elements (Al, Br, Pb) in different varieties of ready to eat noodles, dry soup mixes, oats and cornflakes were determined by utilizing INAA, External PIGE and EDXRF methods. Estimated Average Daily Intake of minor and trace elements like Al, Ca, Co, Fe, K, Mn and Pb in the samples are found to be more than permissible oral reference dose of some particular nutrients compared to literature values of World Health Organization.

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A radiological baseline study was carried out by means of a computational analysis to evaluate the distribution of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ⁴⁰K and ¹³⁷Cs in samples of beach sand collected from the coastal areas of Antalya, Turkey. The results of the radiological risk assessment indicated that the calculated radiological risk for workers and tourists was below the level that could pose an endangerment to life or the safe operation. There was also no evidence of recent migration of ¹³⁷Cs or other isotopes through precipitation, dust transport, or by indirect means such as sea currents.

Under diverse hydrochemical circumstances, the adsorption characteristics of Eu(III) onto illite colloids were investigated. Batch experiments were carried out to assess the impact of various parameters, including reaction duration, temperature, the initial Eu(III) concentration, pH value, ionic strength, and the presence of macromolecular organic matter, on the adsorption efficacy of Eu(III) by illite colloids. The findings reveal that the adsorption of Eu(III) onto illite colloids is a swift and effective process, significantly influenced by pH. The ionic strength of the solution and the presence of different cations can impede the adsorption rate of Eu(III) on illite colloids. Conversely, the presence of fulvic acid can notably enhance the adsorption rate of Eu(III) in acidic environments. Analysis of the isothermal adsorption model data suggests that the adsorption process is a spontaneous and endothermic reaction, predominantly featuring single-layer adsorption.

This study contributes to the overarching Indian Environmental Radiation Monitoring Network initiative, concentrating on the continual assessment of the gamma absorbed dose rate in outdoor air attributable to natural gamma radiation in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Over a span of fourteen years (2011–2024), data were gathered from 32 monitoring sites within the city utilizing permanently installed Geiger-Mueller detector-based environmental radiation monitors. This paper offers an analysis of extensive findings from long-term monitoring efforts. The absorbed gamma dose rate in outdoor air varied among the monitoring sites, ranging from 78 ± 5 to 137 ± 4 nGy h^− 1, with a mean value of 107 ± 12 nGy h^− 1. The estimated mean annual effective dose due to outdoor natural gamma radiation ranged from 0.10 ± 0.01 to 0.17 ± 0.01 mSv y^− 1, with an overall mean of 0.13 ± 0.01 mSv y⁻¹.