Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology最新文献_第6页

Structural and enhanced dielectric properties of Li-doped BT elaborated by the sol-gel method 溶胶-凝胶法制备的掺锂 BT 的结构和增强介电性能

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06525-3

Fouad El Aychaoui, Abdelhalim El Basset, Mohamed Naji, Mohammed Bouzid, Abdelilah Rjeb, Lahoucine Hajji, Yahya Ababou

In this paper, we studied the effect of lithium doping on the structural, microstructural, dielectric, and electrical properties of Ba_1-xLi_xTiO_3-δ (BTLx) ceramics prepared via the sol-gel method, with x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.09. The results obtained from Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy show that all the samples crystallize in the tetragonal phase. Dielectric measurements show that increasing the lithium doping rate results in lower dielectric losses (from 0.04 for x = 0 to 0.008 for x = 0.09 at room temperature) and lower transition temperature Tm for compositions with x ≤ 0.07. The phase transition diffusivity parameter γ varies between 1 and 1.39, showing that our samples exhibit a diffuse phase transition but far from relaxor behavior. Complex impedance spectroscopy indicates that the grain boundary resistance of the materials is predominant in the electrical behavior of the materials. The activation energy Ea was calculated at 10 kHz by linear fitting of the temperature dependence of conductivity using the Arrhenius formula. The obtained values indicate that conduction for compositions with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05 occurs through free electrons originating from the ionization of oxygen vacancies, while for the compositions with x = 0.07 and 0.09, the predominant conduction mechanism is ionic conduction.

Graphical Abstract

本文研究了锂掺杂对溶胶-凝胶法制备的 Ba1-xLixTiO3-δ (BTLx) 陶瓷（x = 0、0.01、0.03、0.05、0.07 和 0.09）的结构、微观结构、介电和电气性能的影响。通过对 X 射线衍射、红外光谱和拉曼光谱进行里特维尔德细化得出的结果表明，所有样品均为四方晶相。介电测量结果表明，增加锂掺杂率可降低介电损耗（室温下，从 x = 0 时的 0.04 到 x = 0.09 时的 0.008），并降低 x ≤ 0.07 时的转变温度 Tm。相变扩散参数 γ 在 1 到 1.39 之间变化，表明我们的样品表现出扩散相变，但远非弛豫行为。复阻抗光谱表明，材料的晶界电阻在材料的电学行为中占主导地位。活化能 Ea 是在 10 kHz 频率下通过使用阿伦尼乌斯公式对导电率的温度依赖性进行线性拟合计算得出的。所得数值表明，在 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05 的成分中，传导是通过氧空位电离产生的自由电子进行的，而在 x = 0.07 和 0.09 的成分中，主要的传导机制是离子传导。

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引用次数: 0

Monolithic poly(methylsilsesquioxane) aerogels with glasslike transparency: from sol-gel synthesis to ambient pressure drying 具有玻璃般透明度的单片聚（甲基硅倍半氧烷）气凝胶：从溶胶-凝胶合成到常压干燥

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06528-0

Riichi Miyamoto, Ryota Ueoka, Koichiro Tachibana, Ayaka Maeno, Hironori Kaji, Kazuyoshi Kanamori

Practical aspects of the successful preparation of monolithic poly(methylsilsesquioxane) (PMSQ) aerogels with glasslike transparency via ambient pressure drying (APD) are discussed in detail. Two-step acid-base process starting from methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) in the presence of nonionic poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) surfactant and the use of strong base as polycondensation catalyst resulted in fine mesoporous structure, showing low bulk density (0.148 g cm⁻³) and glasslike transparency (95% at 10 mm thickness). Cracking and irreversible shrinkage during APD have been prevented by optimized aging and drying processes. In particular, aging in an aqueous alcohol solution containing a low concentration of MTMS under controlled temperature has been found to be crucial in obtaining PMSQ aerogels with crack-free, low-density, glasslike transparency, and monolithic nature. A large-area APD aerogel in 93 × 93 × 6 mm³, with thermal conductivity of 15.6 mW m⁻¹ K⁻¹, has successfully been obtained due to optimizations of aging and drying conditions. Similar APD aerogels have also been obtained when alkali metal hydroxides, especially lithium hydroxide, are employed as base catalysts. These findings are expected to play important roles in designing industrial productions of monolithic aerogels for thermal superinsulation and other applications.

Graphical Abstract

详细讨论了通过常压干燥（APD）成功制备具有玻璃般透明度的整体聚（甲基硅倍半氧烷）（PMSQ）气凝胶的实际问题。以甲基三甲氧基硅烷（MTMS）为原料，在非离子型聚（环氧乙烷）-阻聚（环氧丙烷）-阻聚（环氧乙烷）表面活性剂的存在下，采用两步酸碱工艺，并使用强碱作为缩聚催化剂，制备出精细的介孔结构，显示出较低的体积密度（0.148 g cm-3）和玻璃般的透明度（10 mm 厚度时为 95%）。通过优化老化和干燥过程，防止了 APD 过程中的开裂和不可逆收缩。特别是在含有低浓度 MTMS 的酒精水溶液中进行温度控制老化，对于获得无裂纹、低密度、玻璃般透明度和整体性的 PMSQ 气凝胶至关重要。通过优化老化和干燥条件，成功获得了 93 × 93 × 6 mm3 的大面积 APD 气凝胶，其热导率为 15.6 mW m-1 K-1。采用碱金属氢氧化物（尤其是氢氧化锂）作为碱催化剂时，也获得了类似的 APD 气凝胶。这些发现有望在设计用于热超绝缘和其他应用的整体气凝胶的工业生产中发挥重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Formation of interfaces responsive and adaptive to environment via the sol-gel method 通过溶胶-凝胶法形成对环境有反应和适应性的界面

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06522-6

Masahide Takahashi, Kenji Okada, Luca Malfatti, Plinio Innocenzi

Smart devices, such as soft robots, artificial organs, and soft actuators, require materials that adapt their morphologies and properties in response to their environment. These materials can be obtained through the composition of different types of materials that exhibit different responses to environmental stimuli, arranged in a rational spatial configuration. We achieved unique responsive materials by forming interfaces and surfaces of appropriate materials using the sol–gel method. In recent decades, we have proposed the use of wrinkles and nano-brushes on sol–gel-derived materials for various sophisticated applications, such as micropattern fabrication, wettability control, and linear actuators for size-selective transportation. This account introduces environment-responsive materials with rational interfaces via the sol–gel method, particularly those characterized by surface morphology.

摘要智能设备，如软机器人、人造器官和软执行器，需要能根据环境调整其形态和特性的材料。这些材料可以通过将对环境刺激表现出不同反应的不同类型的材料以合理的空间配置组合而成。我们利用溶胶-凝胶法形成了适当材料的界面和表面，从而获得了独特的响应材料。近几十年来，我们提出了在溶胶-凝胶衍生材料上使用皱纹和纳米刷的方法，用于各种复杂的应用，如微图案制造、润湿性控制和尺寸选择性运输的线性致动器。本文介绍了通过溶胶-凝胶法获得的具有合理界面的环境响应材料，特别是那些以表面形态为特征的材料。

引用次数: 0

TiO2 sol–gel thin films: effect of acidic and basic pH on physical characteristics 二氧化钛溶胶凝胶薄膜：酸性和碱性 pH 值对物理特性的影响

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-08-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06519-1

N. Khima, A. Chelouche, F. Challali, D. Djouadi, A. Djermoune, M. Luce, A. Cricenti, D. Becerril, S. Bellucci, T. Touam

The present study examines the impact of acidic and basic pH on the optical, morphological, and structural characteristics of TiO₂ sol–gel thin films that are deposited using the dip-coating technique on glass substrates. All of the samples are polycrystalline and have anatase structures with preference orientation along the (101) direction, according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy (RS). It is observed that, for both basic and acidic pH values, crystallite size decreases as sol pH rises. All of the films’ surfaces were smooth and had a uniform grain distribution, according to atomic force microscopy (AFM). The pH of the sol has an impact on the surface roughness. All films had a higher degree of transparency, according to UV-visible spectroscopy. The refractive index and the direct and indirect band gaps are two essential optical properties of thin films that are significantly influenced by the pH of the deposition medium. Measurements of photoluminescence (PL) showed a strong violet-blue emission band, the intensity of which is highly dependent on the sol’s pH. In acidic media, PL decreases with increasing pH. However, in a basic environment, the PL rises sharply as the pH increases from 10 to 11 and then decreases for higher pH values. In particular, compared to the other samples, the emission intensity from the film deposited at a pH value of 10 is noticeably lower and displays unique spectral signatures.

Graphical Abstract

本研究探讨了酸性和碱性 pH 值对玻璃基底上采用浸涂技术沉积的二氧化钛溶胶凝胶薄膜的光学、形态和结构特征的影响。根据 X 射线衍射（XRD）和拉曼光谱（RS），所有样品都是多晶体，具有锐钛矿结构，并沿 (101) 方向优先取向。据观察，无论是碱性还是酸性 pH 值，晶体尺寸都会随着溶液 pH 值的升高而减小。原子力显微镜（AFM）显示，所有薄膜表面光滑，晶粒分布均匀。溶胶的 pH 值对表面粗糙度有影响。紫外可见光谱法显示，所有薄膜的透明度都较高。折射率以及直接和间接带隙是薄膜的两个基本光学特性，它们受到沉积介质 pH 值的显著影响。光致发光（PL）的测量结果显示出强烈的紫蓝色发射带，其强度与溶胶的 pH 值密切相关。在酸性介质中，PL 会随着 pH 值的增加而降低。然而，在碱性环境中，当 pH 值从 10 升至 11 时，紫蓝色发光带会急剧上升，然后随着 pH 值的升高而下降。特别是，与其他样品相比，pH 值为 10 时沉积的薄膜的发射强度明显较低，并显示出独特的光谱特征。

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引用次数: 0

Predicting the magnetocaloric properties in Gd ion substitution on La0.6-xGdxSr0.4MnO3 (x = 0, 0.0125, 0.05, and 0.10) manganites synthesized via the sol-gel method 预测溶胶-凝胶法合成的 La0.6-xGdxSr0.4MnO3（x = 0、0.0125、0.05 和 0.10）锰矿在钆离子置换过程中的磁致性能

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06511-9

Mohamed Hsini, T. Raoufi, M. H. Ehsani, Manel Essid, Nuha Al-Harbi, B. M. Alotaibi, Hayfa A. Alyousef

This study investigates the critical behavior analysis and predicting magnetocaloric properties of La_0.6-xGd_xSr_0.4MnO₃ manganites, focusing on the impact of varying gadolinium (Gd) doping levels (x = 0, 0.0125, 0.05, and 0.10). Using modified Arrott plots (MAPs) and the Kouvel–Fisher method, the critical exponents γ and β were determined, yielding values that indicate how Gd content influences magnetic phase transitions. Additionally, the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) was analyzed to assess the magnetic entropy change (-Delta {{rm{S}}}_{{rm{M}}}({rm{T}})) and the Temperature-Averaged Entropy Change (({TEC})) across different magnetic field changes. The results show that increasing Gd doping enhances the magnetocaloric response, suggesting potential applications in magnetic refrigeration. Overall, the study provides insights into optimizing these manganites for applications in high-temperature sensors, spintronics, and magnetic cooling.

Graphical Abstract

Predicting of (-Delta {{rm{S}}}_{{rm{M}}}({rm{T}})) curves (solid lines) under various magnetic fields. The experimental results are presented with symbols for the La_0.6-xGd_xSr_0.4MnO₃ manganites (x = 0, 0.0125, 0.05, 0.10) indicated by G0, G1, G2 and G3, respectively.

本研究调查了 La0.6-xGdxSr0.4MnO3 锰矿的临界行为分析和磁致性预测，重点是不同钆（Gd）掺杂水平（x = 0、0.0125、0.05 和 0.10）的影响。利用修正阿罗特图（MAPs）和库维尔-费舍方法，确定了临界指数γ和β，得出的数值表明了钆含量对磁性相变的影响。此外，还分析了磁致效应（MCE），以评估不同磁场变化下的磁熵变化（-Δ {{rm{S}}}_{{rm{M}}}({rm{T}}) 和温度平均熵变化（(({TEC})）。结果表明，增加钆的掺杂会增强磁致冷响应，这表明它在磁制冷中具有潜在的应用价值。总之，这项研究为优化这些锰酸盐在高温传感器、自旋电子学和磁制冷中的应用提供了见解。图文摘要

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis of amorphous CoSn(OH)6 nanocubes for photocatalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol 用于光催化还原 4-硝基苯酚的无定形 CoSn(OH)6 纳米管的合成

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06508-4

Enlei Zhang, Jiaojiao Chen, Rui Xu, Xiaowen Song, Bengui Zhang, Guosheng Wang

Catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) into 4-aminophenol (4-AP) is an important method for treating toxic nitroaromatic pollutant. In this work, amorphous CoSn(OH)₆ nanocubes were synthesized by coprecipitation and calcination methods for 4-NP photocatalytic reduction. The crystal structure, morphology and optical property of the samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, and UV–vis DRS. The amorphous CoSn(OH)₆ nanocubes showed excellent photocatalytic performance in 4-NP reduction. The effects of catalyst dosage, 4-NP concentration, and sodium borohydride concentration on the conversion rate of 4-NP were investigated. The results showed that the conversion rate of 4-NP could reach 98.38% in 15 min at room temperature under visible light irradiation. After five cycles of experiments, the conversion rate of 4-NP remained above 90%, indicating the good catalytic stability of the amorphous CoSn(OH)₆ nanocubes. Finally, the mechanisms of photocatalytic reduction on amorphous CoSn(OH)₆ nanocubes are also discussed. The successful preparation of amorphous CoSn(OH)₆ nanocubes may enable the widespread use of amorphous polymetallic oxides for the removal of nitrophenols from wastewater in the future.

Graphical Abstract

Amorphous CoSn(OH)₆ nanocubes exhibit superior photocatalytic reduction 4-NP to 4-AP performance.

催化还原 4-硝基苯酚（4-NP）为 4-氨基苯酚（4-AP）是处理有毒硝基芳烃污染物的一种重要方法。本研究采用共沉淀法和煅烧法合成了无定形 CoSn(OH)6 纳米立方体，用于 4-NP 的光催化还原。通过 XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS 和 UV-vis DRS 对样品的晶体结构、形貌和光学性质进行了表征。无定形 CoSn(OH)6 纳米管在还原 4-NP 时表现出优异的光催化性能。研究了催化剂用量、4-NP 浓度和硼氢化钠浓度对 4-NP 转化率的影响。结果表明，在室温可见光照射下，15 分钟内 4-NP 的转化率可达 98.38%。经过五个周期的实验后，4-NP 的转化率仍保持在 90% 以上，表明无定形 CoSn(OH)6 纳米管具有良好的催化稳定性。最后，还讨论了非晶 CoSn(OH)6 纳米管的光催化还原机理。无定形 CoSn（OH）6 纳米立方体的成功制备可使无定形多金属氧化物在未来广泛用于去除废水中的硝基苯酚。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrothermal assisted synthesis of shape-controlled zinc oxide nanostructures for tuneable photodegradation of methylene blue pollutant 水热法辅助合成可调光降解亚甲基蓝污染物的形状可控氧化锌纳米结构

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-08-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06515-5

C. Jayakrishnan, S. R. Sheeja, G. Suresh Kumar, K. Lalithambigai, J. Duraimurugan, Mohammed Mujahid Alam

In this study, we have investigated the effects of EDTA, citric acid, and urea on the morphology-controlled synthesis of ZnO nanostructures by a hydrothermal method. XRD, FTIR, FESEM, TEM, BET, and UV-DRS studies revealed that the addition of different complexing agents not only controls the size and morphology but also alters the crystallinity, particle size, energy bandgap, specific surface area, and pore characteristics of ZnO. We achieved diverse morphologies, including spherical nanoparticles (80–100 nm), nanorods (1 µm length, 100 nm diameter), and nanoflakes (100–200 nm lateral dimension with 10–20 nm thickness) utilizing citric acid, urea, and EDTA as morphology controllers. The resulting nanoparticles had surface areas of 11.8 m²/g, 29.6 m²/g, and 4.6 m²/g, respectively. ZnO nanostructures developed with citric acid, urea, and EDTA were found to have a band gap of 3.273 eV, 3.209 eV, and 3.380 eV, respectively. The photodegradation efficiency of ZnO spherical nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanoflakes was found to be 90%, 97%, and 81%, respectively, demonstrating the shape-dependent photodegradation of MB dye. The prepared ZnO photocatalyst exhibits pseudo-first-order kinetics with good recyclability (five cycles) and stability. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanorods was attributed to their morphology, which facilitates efficient charge separation and increased surface area, leading to more active sites for pollutant degradation. This study offers a potential approach for developing morphology-driven photocatalysts for environmental remediation and water purification.

Graphical Abstract

在本研究中，我们研究了 EDTA、柠檬酸和尿素对水热法形貌控制合成氧化锌纳米结构的影响。XRD、FTIR、FESEM、TEM、BET 和 UV-DRS 研究表明，添加不同的络合剂不仅能控制 ZnO 的尺寸和形貌，还能改变 ZnO 的结晶度、粒度、能带隙、比表面积和孔隙特征。我们利用柠檬酸、尿素和乙二胺四乙酸作为形态控制剂，获得了多种形态，包括球形纳米颗粒（80-100 nm）、纳米棒（长度 1 µm，直径 100 nm）和纳米片（横向尺寸 100-200 nm，厚度 10-20 nm）。所得纳米颗粒的表面积分别为 11.8 平方米/克、29.6 平方米/克和 4.6 平方米/克。用柠檬酸、尿素和乙二胺四乙酸开发的氧化锌纳米结构的带隙分别为 3.273 eV、3.209 eV 和 3.380 eV。氧化锌球形纳米颗粒、纳米棒和纳米片的光降解效率分别为 90%、97% 和 81%，表明 MB 染料的光降解与形状有关。所制备的氧化锌光催化剂表现出伪一阶动力学，具有良好的可循环性（五个循环）和稳定性。氧化锌纳米棒光催化性能的增强归因于其形态，这种形态有利于有效的电荷分离和增加表面积，从而产生更多的活性位点用于污染物降解。这项研究为开发形态驱动的光催化剂提供了一种用于环境修复和水净化的潜在方法。图文摘要

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引用次数: 0

Humidity-induced curing and anti-corrosion properties of GPTMS-modified polyorganosilazane functionalized silica coating on AA2024-T3 aluminum alloy AA2024-T3 铝合金上的 GPTMS 改性聚有机硅氮烷功能化二氧化硅涂层的湿度诱导固化和抗腐蚀性能

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06473-y

Udhaya Kumar Aruchamy, Emilia Merino, Alicia Durán, Helena Pálková, Dušan Galusek, Yolanda Castro

Relative humidity (RH) is one of the key parameters that significantly affect the curing kinetics and final properties of polysilazane-based coatings. Thus, the paper discusses the effect of relative humidity during the curing process and the anti-corrosion properties of (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS)-modified polyorganosilazane (OPSZ) functionalized silica coatings on AA2024-T3. Modified polyorganosilazane sol was prepared and then deposited on AA2024-T3 substrates varying the curing conditions. After the deposition, the coated aluminum substrates were exposed to different RH levels; 15%, 40% and 80%, and then cured at 120 °C for 2 h. Transparent and crack-free GPTMS-modified polyorganosilazane coatings with a thickness of around 15–17 μm were obtained. The exposure to the relative humidity increased the crosslinking and hydrolysis-condensation reactions of the OPSZ and GPTMS molecules, showing more Si-O-Si bonds. The incorporation of GPTMS affected the crosslinking structure, enhancing the corrosion protection properties of the coating. GPTMS-modified polyorganosilazane coatings cured at 40%RH had the best anti-corrosive properties after immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The impedance modulus of ∼10⁹ Ω.cm² at a low frequency was obtained, which was five orders of magnitude higher than that for the AA2024-T3 alloy.

Graphical Abstract

相对湿度（RH）是对聚硅氧烷涂料的固化动力学和最终性能产生重大影响的关键参数之一。因此，本文讨论了固化过程中相对湿度的影响以及 AA2024-T3 上 (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) 改性聚有机硅氮烷 (OPSZ) 功能化二氧化硅涂层的防腐蚀性能。制备改性聚有机硅氮烷溶胶后，通过改变固化条件沉积在 AA2024-T3 基材上。沉积完成后，将涂覆的铝基板暴露在不同的相对湿度水平（15%、40% 和 80%）下，然后在 120 °C 下固化 2 小时，得到了透明无裂纹的 GPTMS 改性聚有机硅氮烷涂层，厚度约为 15-17 μm。暴露在相对湿度下增加了 OPSZ 和 GPTMS 分子的交联和水解缩合反应，显示出更多的 Si-O-Si 键。GPTMS 的加入影响了交联结构，增强了涂层的防腐蚀性能。在 40%RH 下固化的 GPTMS 改性聚有机硅氮烷涂层在 3.5 wt% 的 NaCl 溶液中浸泡后具有最佳的防腐蚀性能。低频下的阻抗模量为 ∼109 Ω.cm2 ，比 AA2024-T3 合金的阻抗模量高五个数量级。

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引用次数: 0

In-situ acid catalysis strategy to achieve rapid ambient pressure drying preparation of aerogels 实现气凝胶快速常压干燥制备的原位酸催化策略

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06518-2

Zun Zhao, Yuelei Pan, Mingyuan Yan, Yueyue Xiao, Hui Yang, Xudong Cheng

Aerogel possesses distinctive features rendering it widely applicable in thermal insulation. Nevertheless, supercritical fluid drying (SCFD) method and freeze-drying employed for aerogels necessitates the complex process, resulting in heightened energy consumption and more risk. To achieve the cost-effective preparation of silica aerogel, we introduce an in-situ acid catalysis strategy for rapidly crafting high-performance SiO₂ aerogel materials under ambient conditions. The resultant SiO₂ aerogels exhibit remarkable porosity (95%) and a substantial specific surface area (759 m²/g). Furthermore, SiO₂ aerogel composites display low thermal conductivity (0.015 W·m⁻¹ K⁻¹), coupled with commendable mechanical property. More importantly, we reveal the mechanism of the in-situ acid catalysis (ISAC) strategy. The entire production cycle of SiO₂ aerogel composites and powder is only 6 and 4 h respectively, which greatly reduces the preparation time while ensuring excellent performances. This study introduces a novel approach for the industrial, low-cost, and rapid preparation of SiO₂ aerogel materials through ambient pressure drying.

Graphical Abstract

气凝胶具有独特的特性，可广泛应用于隔热领域。然而，气凝胶采用的超临界流体干燥（SCFD）法和冷冻干燥法工艺复杂，能耗高，风险大。为了实现经济高效地制备二氧化硅气凝胶，我们引入了一种原位酸催化策略，用于在环境条件下快速制备高性能二氧化硅气凝胶材料。制备出的二氧化硅气凝胶具有显著的孔隙率（95%）和巨大的比表面积（759 m²/g）。此外，二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料还显示出较低的热导率（0.015 W-m-1 K-1）以及值得称赞的机械性能。更重要的是，我们揭示了原位酸催化（ISAC）策略的机理。二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料和粉末的整个生产周期分别仅为 6 小时和 4 小时，在确保优异性能的同时大大缩短了制备时间。本研究介绍了一种通过常压干燥工业化、低成本、快速制备SiO2气凝胶材料的新方法。

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引用次数: 0

Foeniculum Vulgare leaf extract loaded synthesis of silver nanoparticles in different volume ratios for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities: Comparative study of composition 用不同体积比的枸杞叶提取物合成银纳米粒子，用于抗菌和抗氧化：成分比较研究

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06476-9

Eneyew Tilahun Bekele, Fasika Dereje Ambecha, C. R. Ravikumar, Taymour A. Hamdalla, H. C. Ananda Murthy, Defaru Negera Duke

The current world is exposed to immense classes of challenges, of which antimicrobial-caused infectious diseases have been ranked the third killer disease due to their high resistance capability. Oxidative stress is also the other problem faced by the current world. In the current study, a leaf of Foeniculum Vulgare was employed for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) within the 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1 compositions using 0.1 M of AgNO₃. The calculated average crystalline size from X-ray diffraction (XRD) was found to be 12.6, 13.7, and 21.6 nm for the 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1 volume ratios, respectively. Scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis depicts the quasi-spherical shape with an intense Ag peak at around 3.00 eV. Transmission electron microscope coupled with high-resolution transmission microscope with surface area electron diffraction pattern (TEM-HRTEM with SAED) showed spherical shaped Ag NPs. The electronic bandgap energy was calculated as 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 eV for the 1:1, 3:1, and 1:3 volume compositions, respectively. Ag NPs show 13.5, 12.5, and 11.0 mm zones of inhibition for the 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1 ratios, respectively. The antifungal activity was found to be 16.9, 11.2, and 10.5 mm for the 3:1, 1:3 and 1:1 ratios, respectively. Lastly, the antioxidant activity was estimated to be 42.4, 28.94, and 27.39% RSA for the 1:1, 3:1, and 1:3 volume ratios respectively. All the ratios of Ag NPs showed promised antimicrobial and antioxidant activity in the presence of 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) due to the enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Graphical Abstract

当今世界面临着巨大的挑战，其中由抗菌素引起的传染病因其高抗药性而被列为第三大杀手疾病。氧化应激也是当今世界面临的另一个问题。在本研究中，使用 0.1 M 的 AgNO3 以 1:3、1:1 和 3:1 的比例合成了银纳米粒子（Ag NPs）。通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 计算发现，体积比为 1:3、1:1 和 3:1 的银纳米粒子的平均结晶尺寸分别为 12.6、13.7 和 21.6 nm。扫描电子显微镜耦合能量色散光谱（SEM-EDS）分析显示，该化合物呈准球形，在 3.00 eV 左右有一个强烈的 Ag 峰。透射电子显微镜结合高分辨率透射显微镜与比表面电子衍射图（TEM-HRTEM with SAED）显示了球形的 Ag NPs。经计算，1:1、3:1 和 1:3 体积组成的电子带隙能分别为 3.1、3.2 和 3.3 eV。在 1:3、1:1 和 3:1 的比例下，Ag NPs 的抑菌区分别为 13.5、12.5 和 11.0 毫米。在 3:1、1:3 和 1:1 的比例下，抗真菌活性分别为 16.9、11.2 和 10.5 毫米。最后，1:1、3:1 和 1:3 体积比的抗氧化活性分别为 42.4%、28.94% 和 27.39%。在 2，2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）存在的情况下，由于活性氧（ROS）的生成增强，所有比例的银氧化物都显示出良好的抗菌和抗氧化活性。

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