Pub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06571-x
Vaibhav K. Raut, Sandeep B. Somvanshi, Elmuez A. Dawi, Chandrakant T. Birajdar
This study focused on investigating cobalt ferrite nanoparticles doped with trivalent Al3+ and Gd3+ ions across compositions ranging from CoFe2-2xAlxGdxO4 (x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08). The nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-ignition method with citric acid as a chelating agent. Structural analysis via Rietveld-refined X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of single-phase nanoparticles with a cubic spinel structure. Morphological examination through scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical-shaped grains. Elemental analysis using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis indicated consistent composition and high purity. Infrared spectra analysis verified the presence of characteristic modes typical of spinel ferrite structures. Magnetic properties assessed by vibrating sample magnetometry demonstrated soft magnetic behavior with lower coercivity. DC electrical resistivity measurements indicated a decrease in resistivity with increasing Al3+-Gd3+ co-doping, while dielectric studies showed enhanced properties in this regard. Overall, the findings suggest that these co-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles hold promise for applications in magneto-electronic devices.
Graphical Abstract
本研究重点研究了掺杂三价 Al3+ 和 Gd3+ 离子的钴铁氧体纳米粒子,其组成范围为 CoFe2-2xAlxGdxO4 (x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08)。这些纳米粒子是以柠檬酸为螯合剂,采用溶胶-凝胶自燃法合成的。通过 Rietveld-refined X 射线衍射进行的结构分析证实,单相纳米粒子的形成具有立方尖晶石结构。通过扫描电子显微镜进行的形态学检查发现了球形颗粒。利用能量色散 X 射线分析法进行的元素分析表明,该物质成分一致,纯度很高。红外光谱分析证实了尖晶石铁氧体结构的典型特征模式。通过振动样品磁力计评估的磁性能表明,该材料具有较低矫顽力的软磁特性。直流电阻率测量结果表明,随着 Al3+-Gd3+ 共掺量的增加,电阻率有所下降,而介电研究则显示这方面的特性有所增强。总之,研究结果表明,这些共掺杂钴铁氧体纳米粒子有望应用于磁电子器件。
{"title":"“Sol-gel auto combustion synthesis of Al3+-Gd3+ ions co-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles for nanoelectronics applications”","authors":"Vaibhav K. Raut, Sandeep B. Somvanshi, Elmuez A. Dawi, Chandrakant T. Birajdar","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06571-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06571-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focused on investigating cobalt ferrite nanoparticles doped with trivalent Al<sup>3+</sup> and Gd<sup>3+</sup> ions across compositions ranging from CoFe<sub>2-2x</sub>Al<sub>x</sub>Gd<sub>x</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08). The nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-ignition method with citric acid as a chelating agent. Structural analysis via Rietveld-refined X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of single-phase nanoparticles with a cubic spinel structure. Morphological examination through scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical-shaped grains. Elemental analysis using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis indicated consistent composition and high purity. Infrared spectra analysis verified the presence of characteristic modes typical of spinel ferrite structures. Magnetic properties assessed by vibrating sample magnetometry demonstrated soft magnetic behavior with lower coercivity. DC electrical resistivity measurements indicated a decrease in resistivity with increasing Al<sup>3+</sup>-Gd<sup>3+</sup> co-doping, while dielectric studies showed enhanced properties in this regard. Overall, the findings suggest that these co-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles hold promise for applications in magneto-electronic devices.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 3","pages":"738 - 751"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06557-9
Nongmaithem Century Luwang, Devendra Kumar Rana, M. K. Yadav, Himanshu Sharma, Arun Kumar, Sarvendra Kumar, Surbhi
ZnO nanorods were synthesized by using the seeds technique. The seeds were synthesized by the low-cost synthesis technique, the Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method. Further, CBD and solvothermal methods used these seeds in the next deposition to coating. The XRD results confirm the formation of the ZnO hexagonal phase. FESEM high magnification images confirm the formation of hexagonal-shaped nanorods for Samples 1 and 3 and for Sample 2 mixed nanostructures of disk-like nanoparticles and nanorods were observed. Further, these nanorods were used as the catalytic material under the halogen lamp to study dye degradation. Samples 1 and 3 show degradation up to 55% and 68%, whereas Sample 3 showed a higher catalytic rate which degraded methyl orange 90% dye in 40 min. The enhancement in catalytic activity is explained by structural, morphological, and optical properties. The deposition using the seeds technique enhanced the degradation efficiency.
{"title":"Synthesis of ZnO nanostructure via CBD and solvothermal method using seed technique","authors":"Nongmaithem Century Luwang, Devendra Kumar Rana, M. K. Yadav, Himanshu Sharma, Arun Kumar, Sarvendra Kumar, Surbhi","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06557-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06557-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>ZnO nanorods were synthesized by using the seeds technique. The seeds were synthesized by the low-cost synthesis technique, the Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method. Further, CBD and solvothermal methods used these seeds in the next deposition to coating. The XRD results confirm the formation of the ZnO hexagonal phase. FESEM high magnification images confirm the formation of hexagonal-shaped nanorods for Samples 1 and 3 and for Sample 2 mixed nanostructures of disk-like nanoparticles and nanorods were observed. Further, these nanorods were used as the catalytic material under the halogen lamp to study dye degradation. Samples 1 and 3 show degradation up to 55% and 68%, whereas Sample 3 showed a higher catalytic rate which degraded methyl orange 90% dye in 40 min. The enhancement in catalytic activity is explained by structural, morphological, and optical properties. The deposition using the seeds technique enhanced the degradation efficiency.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 3","pages":"728 - 737"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present here the synthesis of Mg0.5Zn0.5RxFe2-xO4 (x = 0.00, 0.05; R = Sm, Nd) spinel ferrite using the sol-gel auto-combustion (SGAC) scheme for examination of physical, electromagnetic, magnetic, and optical traits of Sm and Nd substituted Mg-Zn nanoferrites. The room temperature XRD patterns indicates cubic phase formation with the Fd3m space group. The size of crystallites goes from 29 to 19 nm by doping with Nd but, with the Sm doping, it decreases to 18 nm. FESEM pictures reveal the production of irregular grains with agglomerated morphology in all the undoped and doped nanoferrites. Based on a Fourier transform infrared study, it was shown that there were two distinct peaks at 525.55–529.41 cm−1 and 416.75–418.09 cm−1 representing the metal-oxygen bonds at octa and tetrahedral site locations, respectively. The M-H plots demonstrate a significant decline in the saturation magnetization with the neodymium and samarium substitution from 23.01 to 21.71 emu/g and to 11.63 emu/g, respectively. Low values of coercivity (10.03–58.82 Oe), retentivity (0.81–3.12 emu/g) and squareness ratio (0.037–0.268) confirms the superparamagnetic nature of prepared doped and undoped Mg-Zn nanoferrites and also suggests their potential use in solenoids and transformers applications. The electromagnetic examination of these Mg-Zn nanoferrites were reported within 1–10 GHz range, showing the high real permeability and permittivity with lower magnetic and dielectric losses. With the excellent electromagnetic characteristics, the prepared nanoferrites can be used as the substrate materials for antenna miniaturization application.
{"title":"A comparative study of Nd and Sm doping on the structural, magnetic, and electromagnetic traits of Mg-Zn spinel nanoferrites","authors":"Anand Sharma, Rohit Jasrotia, Nisha Kumari, Jahangeer Ahmed, Saad M. Alshehri, Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06559-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06559-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present here the synthesis of Mg<sub>0.5</sub>Zn<sub>0.5</sub>R<sub><i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub>2-<i>x</i></sub>O<sub>4</sub> (<i>x</i> = 0.00, 0.05; R = Sm, Nd) spinel ferrite using the sol-gel auto-combustion (SGAC) scheme for examination of physical, electromagnetic, magnetic, and optical traits of Sm and Nd substituted Mg-Zn nanoferrites. The room temperature XRD patterns indicates cubic phase formation with the Fd3m space group. The size of crystallites goes from 29 to 19 nm by doping with Nd but, with the Sm doping, it decreases to 18 nm. FESEM pictures reveal the production of irregular grains with agglomerated morphology in all the undoped and doped nanoferrites. Based on a Fourier transform infrared study, it was shown that there were two distinct peaks at 525.55–529.41 cm<sup>−1</sup> and 416.75–418.09 cm<sup>−1</sup> representing the metal-oxygen bonds at octa and tetrahedral site locations, respectively. The M-H plots demonstrate a significant decline in the saturation magnetization with the neodymium and samarium substitution from 23.01 to 21.71 emu/g and to 11.63 emu/g, respectively. Low values of coercivity (10.03–58.82 Oe), retentivity (0.81–3.12 emu/g) and squareness ratio (0.037–0.268) confirms the superparamagnetic nature of prepared doped and undoped Mg-Zn nanoferrites and also suggests their potential use in solenoids and transformers applications. The electromagnetic examination of these Mg-Zn nanoferrites were reported within 1–10 GHz range, showing the high real permeability and permittivity with lower magnetic and dielectric losses. With the excellent electromagnetic characteristics, the prepared nanoferrites can be used as the substrate materials for antenna miniaturization application.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 3","pages":"715 - 727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06556-w
Akanksha Chauhan, Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan, Anita Sudhaik, Rohit Kumar, Konstantin P. Katin, Savas Kaya, Pankaj Raizada, Pardeep Singh, Naved Azum, Khalid A. Alzahrani
Methylene blue is a recognized carcinogen with detrimental effects on both people and marine life. Henceforth, in this study, the photocatalytic activity of Ag3PO4/g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6 (AP/GCN/BMO) photocatalyst was investigated for the degradation of MB dye from an aqueous system. g-C3N4, BMO and AP photocatalysts bare photocatalysts were synthesized via thermal polycondensation, hydrothermal and co-precipitation methods, respectively. Similarly, binary (GCN/BMO) and ternary heterojunctions (AP/GCN/BMO) was constructed through in-situ hydrothermal and co-precipitation methods, respectively. Morphological and structural analysis validated close interaction amongst Ag3PO4, g-C3N4, and Bi2MoO6 photocatalysts. Furthermore, density functional theory simulations were employed to explore the structural and electronic properties of the bare (Ag3PO4, g-C3N4, and Bi2MoO6) photocatalysts. The photocatalytic degradation experiments revealed that AP/GCN/BMO exhibited highest adsorption and photocatalytic degradation efficacy of methylene blue (MB) dye pollutant as compared to other photocatalysts. The achieved MB dye degradation efficiency of dual Z-scheme AP/GCN/BMO ternary photocatalyst was approx. ~94% within 60 min under visible light exposure which was much greater than pristine and binary photocatalysts. This higher efficiency was accredited to dual Z-scheme type of charge transfer route which boosted photocarriers charge separation and transferal rate. Furthermore, through scavenging experiment, the confirmed reactive species in this type of charge transfer route were •O2− and •OH radicals that efficiently degraded MB dye pollutant. Additionally, the ternary photocatalyst demonstrated good stability and recyclability for up to five successive catalytic cycles with 81% degradation efficiency. The current work extends our understanding of photocatalytic degradation by providing novel strategies for pollutant degradation that successfully degrade contaminants. Also, it promotes the development of more efficient, environmentally friendly waste treatment methods that uses solar/light energy.
Graphical Abstract
亚甲基蓝是一种公认的致癌物质,对人类和海洋生物都有不利影响。因此,本研究研究了 Ag3PO4/g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6(AP/GCN/BMO)光催化剂降解水体系中甲基溴染料的光催化活性。g-C3N4、BMO 和 AP 光催化剂裸体分别通过热缩聚、水热和共沉淀方法合成。同样,通过原位水热法和共沉淀法分别构建了二元(GCN/BMO)和三元异质结(AP/GCN/BMO)。形态和结构分析验证了 Ag3PO4、g-C3N4 和 Bi2MoO6 光催化剂之间密切的相互作用。此外,还利用密度泛函理论模拟探讨了裸光催化剂(Ag3PO4、g-C3N4 和 Bi2MoO6)的结构和电子特性。光催化降解实验表明,与其他光催化剂相比,AP/GCN/BMO 对亚甲基蓝(MB)染料污染物的吸附和光催化降解效率最高。在可见光照射下,双 Z 型 AP/GCN/BMO 三元光催化剂在 60 分钟内的亚甲基蓝染料降解效率约为 94%,远高于原始光催化剂和二元光催化剂。这种更高的效率归功于双 Z 型电荷转移途径,它提高了光载体的电荷分离和转移率。此外,通过清除实验,确认了这种电荷转移途径中的活性物种为 -O2- 和 -OH 自由基,它们能有效降解甲基溴染料污染物。此外,该三元光催化剂具有良好的稳定性和可回收性,可连续催化五次,降解效率高达 81%。目前的研究工作扩展了我们对光催化降解的理解,提供了成功降解污染物的新型污染物降解策略。此外,它还促进了利用太阳能/光能开发更高效、更环保的废物处理方法。
{"title":"Fabrication of a dual Z-scheme Ag3PO4/g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6 ternary nanocomposite for effective degradation of methylene blue dye","authors":"Akanksha Chauhan, Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan, Anita Sudhaik, Rohit Kumar, Konstantin P. Katin, Savas Kaya, Pankaj Raizada, Pardeep Singh, Naved Azum, Khalid A. Alzahrani","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06556-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06556-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Methylene blue is a recognized carcinogen with detrimental effects on both people and marine life. Henceforth, in this study, the photocatalytic activity of Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>6</sub> (AP/GCN/BMO) photocatalyst was investigated for the degradation of MB dye from an aqueous system. g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, BMO and AP photocatalysts bare photocatalysts were synthesized via thermal polycondensation, hydrothermal and co-precipitation methods, respectively. Similarly, binary (GCN/BMO) and ternary heterojunctions (AP/GCN/BMO) was constructed through in-situ hydrothermal and co-precipitation methods, respectively. Morphological and structural analysis validated close interaction amongst Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, and Bi<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>6</sub> photocatalysts<sub>.</sub> Furthermore, density functional theory simulations were employed to explore the structural and electronic properties of the bare (Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, and Bi<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>6</sub>) photocatalysts. The photocatalytic degradation experiments revealed that AP/GCN/BMO exhibited highest adsorption and photocatalytic degradation efficacy of methylene blue (MB) dye pollutant as compared to other photocatalysts. The achieved MB dye degradation efficiency of dual Z-scheme AP/GCN/BMO ternary photocatalyst was approx. ~94% within 60 min under visible light exposure which was much greater than pristine and binary photocatalysts. This higher efficiency was accredited to dual Z-scheme type of charge transfer route which boosted photocarriers charge separation and transferal rate. Furthermore, through scavenging experiment, the confirmed reactive species in this type of charge transfer route were <sup>•</sup>O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> and <sup>•</sup>OH radicals that efficiently degraded MB dye pollutant. Additionally, the ternary photocatalyst demonstrated good stability and recyclability for up to five successive catalytic cycles with 81% degradation efficiency. The current work extends our understanding of photocatalytic degradation by providing novel strategies for pollutant degradation that successfully degrade contaminants. Also, it promotes the development of more efficient, environmentally friendly waste treatment methods that uses solar/light energy.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 3","pages":"688 - 702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transition metal sulfides have garnered significant attention due to their distinctive properties, including electrical, optical, catalytic, and magnetic capabilities, and their potential for use in various applications. The present work discloses the fabrication of CuxMn1-xS (X = 0, 0.5, and 1) nanoparticles (NPs) using the co-precipitation method. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique was utilized to characterize the synthesized sample, confirming that it exhibits cubic and hexagonal crystal structures. The Debye-Scherrer formula was applied to determine the average crystallite size of the nanoparticles, while the Williamson–Hall plot was employed to estimate microstrain and particle size. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) analysis revealed that Cu, Mn, and S were present in the nanoparticles without any impurities. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) was used to determine the material’s morphology and effective grain size. UV-vis spectroscopy was employed to measure the optical properties of the sample. The optical bandgap, calculated from the Tauc plot, ranged from 1.6 to 2.8 eV, indicating the presence of photovoltaic properties in the sample. The dielectric constant and loss were observed to change for the sample in the frequency range of 10 KHz to 2 MHz at room temperature. The frequency-dependent electrical conductivity, impedance, and modulus spectroscopy of CuxMn1-xS were also analyzed. The dielectric study results showed that increasing frequency decreases the dielectric constant and dielectric loss. Additionally, MnS, CuS, and CuMnS NPs were screened for their antibacterial activity against gram-negative (-ve) pathogenic bacteria. Among them, CuMnS exhibited the maximum antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A pathogens.
{"title":"Structural, optoelectronic, and antibacterial properties of CuxMn1-xS nanoparticles fabricated by co-precipitation approach","authors":"Devarshi Vyas, Ketan Parikh, Ravirajsinh Jadav, Vijay Dubey, Bharat Kataria, Suresh Ghotekar","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06558-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06558-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transition metal sulfides have garnered significant attention due to their distinctive properties, including electrical, optical, catalytic, and magnetic capabilities, and their potential for use in various applications. The present work discloses the fabrication of Cu<sub>x</sub>Mn<sub>1-x</sub>S (X = 0, 0.5, and 1) nanoparticles (NPs) using the co-precipitation method. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique was utilized to characterize the synthesized sample, confirming that it exhibits cubic and hexagonal crystal structures. The Debye-Scherrer formula was applied to determine the average crystallite size of the nanoparticles, while the Williamson–Hall plot was employed to estimate microstrain and particle size. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) analysis revealed that Cu, Mn, and S were present in the nanoparticles without any impurities. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) was used to determine the material’s morphology and effective grain size. UV-vis spectroscopy was employed to measure the optical properties of the sample. The optical bandgap, calculated from the Tauc plot, ranged from 1.6 to 2.8 eV, indicating the presence of photovoltaic properties in the sample. The dielectric constant and loss were observed to change for the sample in the frequency range of 10 KHz to 2 MHz at room temperature. The frequency-dependent electrical conductivity, impedance, and modulus spectroscopy of Cu<sub>x</sub>Mn<sub>1-x</sub>S were also analyzed. The dielectric study results showed that increasing frequency decreases the dielectric constant and dielectric loss. Additionally, MnS, CuS, and CuMnS NPs were screened for their antibacterial activity against gram-negative (-ve) pathogenic bacteria. Among them, CuMnS exhibited the maximum antibacterial activity against <i>Salmonella typhi</i> and <i>Salmonella paratyphi</i> A pathogens.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 3","pages":"674 - 687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06550-2
D. M. Ibrahim, A. A. Gaber, A. E. Reda, D. A. Abdel Aziz, N. A. Ajiba
Zinc stannate (ZnSnO3) ceramic nanoparticles were synthesized via a sol-gel polymeric technique utilizing polyacrylic acid as a template polymer. The effect of pH during the synthesis process was investigated by preparing the ZnSnO3 nanoparticles at pH 3 and 8. The structural, molecular, morphological, optical, and dielectric properties of the synthesized ZnSnO3 nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM, with optical and dielectric measurements. FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed the phase purity of the synthesized ZnSnO3 nanoparticles, which exhibited an orthorhombic perovskite crystal structure. As observed in the SEM and TEM images, the ZnSnO3 nanoparticles prepared at pH 8 displayed a more defined cubic crystalline morphology, with an average particle size of 128 nm. The optical properties of the ZnSnO3 nanoparticles showed a high absorption edge in the UV region for both pH conditions. The calculated bandgap energies were 3.67 eV for pH 3 and 3.57 eV for pH 8. The dielectric properties at pH 3 and 8 exhibited a low dielectric constant (ε′ = 4 and 5, respectively) and very low dielectric loss (tan δ = 0.1 and 0.06, respectively) at 1 MHz. These exceptional optical and dielectric properties make the prepared ZnSnO3 nanoparticles a promising material for various applications.
{"title":"Structural, optical, and dielectric properties of sol-gel derived perovskite ZnSnO3 nanomaterials","authors":"D. M. Ibrahim, A. A. Gaber, A. E. Reda, D. A. Abdel Aziz, N. A. Ajiba","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06550-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06550-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zinc stannate (ZnSnO<sub>3</sub>) ceramic nanoparticles were synthesized via a sol-gel polymeric technique utilizing polyacrylic acid as a template polymer. The effect of pH during the synthesis process was investigated by preparing the ZnSnO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles at pH 3 and 8. The structural, molecular, morphological, optical, and dielectric properties of the synthesized ZnSnO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM, with optical and dielectric measurements. FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed the phase purity of the synthesized ZnSnO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles, which exhibited an orthorhombic perovskite crystal structure. As observed in the SEM and TEM images, the ZnSnO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles prepared at pH 8 displayed a more defined cubic crystalline morphology, with an average particle size of 128 nm. The optical properties of the ZnSnO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles showed a high absorption edge in the UV region for both pH conditions. The calculated bandgap energies were 3.67 eV for pH 3 and 3.57 eV for pH 8. The dielectric properties at pH 3 and 8 exhibited a low dielectric constant (ε′ = 4 and 5, respectively) and very low dielectric loss (tan δ = 0.1 and 0.06, respectively) at 1 MHz. These exceptional optical and dielectric properties make the prepared ZnSnO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles a promising material for various applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 3","pages":"703 - 714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10971-024-06550-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06552-0
Mayur Vala, M. J. Kaneria, K. D. Rakholiya, Tanvi Dudhrejiya, Nirali Udani, Sandhya Dodia, Gaurav Jadav, Pankaj Solanki, Dushyant Dhudhagara, Suhas Vyas, J. H. Markna, Bharat Kataria
ZnO:NiO semiconductor nanocomposites have garnered attention in numerous fields, not just antibacterial ones. The current study focuses on preparing pure ZnO (zinc oxide) and ZnO:NiO (nickel oxide) nanocomposites containing different amounts of (5% and 10%). These samples were synthesized utilizing an echo-friendly, cost-effective green approach that employs Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract as a reduction agent. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks correspond to the hexagonal ZnO phase and the cubic NiO phase, with typical crystallite sizes of about 21 and 18 nm, respectively. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirms the presence of Zn, Ni, and O constituents in the nanocomposites. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) image showed the mixed shape of ZnO:NiO nanocomposites, which was a mix of almost spherical and hexagonal forms. A spectral investigation of UV–visible revealed a redshift in the absorption band edge of pristine ZnO nanoparticles with increasing NiO content, indicating a progressive decrease in the optical band gap. ZnO:NiO nanocomposites have lower band gap energy due to crystal lattice strain. Photoluminescence tests revealed high levels of Ni2+ ions in ZnO:NiO nanocomposites, which improved distortion centers and lattice surface defects in ZnO, resulting in lower emissions-related defects. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against four bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis using the well diffusion method. ZnO:NiO nanocomposites demonstrate superior bactericidal activity compared to pure ZnO NPs against specific bacterial species due to their augmented surface area, reduced crystalline size, and elevated the formation of reactive oxygen species after following Ni2+ ion alteration.ZnO:NiO nanocomposites have the potential to serve as bactericidal agents that are resistant to harmful bacterial species due to their strong bactericidal activity. Antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH free radical scavenging, superoxide anion scavenging, and ABTS radical cation scavenging assays. The results revealed that the ZnO nanocomposites exhibited strong antioxidant properties, indicating their potential to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress.
{"title":"Impact of NiO concentration on the optical and biological properties of ZnO:NiO nanocomposites","authors":"Mayur Vala, M. J. Kaneria, K. D. Rakholiya, Tanvi Dudhrejiya, Nirali Udani, Sandhya Dodia, Gaurav Jadav, Pankaj Solanki, Dushyant Dhudhagara, Suhas Vyas, J. H. Markna, Bharat Kataria","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06552-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06552-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>ZnO:NiO semiconductor nanocomposites have garnered attention in numerous fields, not just antibacterial ones. The current study focuses on preparing pure ZnO (zinc oxide) and ZnO:NiO (nickel oxide) nanocomposites containing different amounts of (5% and 10%). These samples were synthesized utilizing an echo-friendly, cost-effective green approach that employs <i>Phyllanthus emblica</i> fruit extract as a reduction agent. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks correspond to the hexagonal ZnO phase and the cubic NiO phase, with typical crystallite sizes of about 21 and 18 nm, respectively. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirms the presence of Zn, Ni, and O constituents in the nanocomposites. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) image showed the mixed shape of ZnO:NiO nanocomposites, which was a mix of almost spherical and hexagonal forms. A spectral investigation of UV–visible revealed a redshift in the absorption band edge of pristine ZnO nanoparticles with increasing NiO content, indicating a progressive decrease in the optical band gap. ZnO:NiO nanocomposites have lower band gap energy due to crystal lattice strain. Photoluminescence tests revealed high levels of Ni<sup>2+</sup> ions in ZnO:NiO nanocomposites, which improved distortion centers and lattice surface defects in ZnO, resulting in lower emissions-related defects. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against four bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis using the well diffusion method. ZnO:NiO nanocomposites demonstrate superior bactericidal activity compared to pure ZnO NPs against specific bacterial species due to their augmented surface area, reduced crystalline size, and elevated the formation of reactive oxygen species after following Ni<sup>2+</sup> ion alteration.ZnO:NiO nanocomposites have the potential to serve as bactericidal agents that are resistant to harmful bacterial species due to their strong bactericidal activity. Antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH free radical scavenging, superoxide anion scavenging, and ABTS radical cation scavenging assays. The results revealed that the ZnO nanocomposites exhibited strong antioxidant properties, indicating their potential to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 3","pages":"662 - 673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06537-z
Alessia Bezzon, Luigi Aurisicchio, Evelyn Castlunger, Tommaso Ceccatelli Martellini, Dominik Czerwiński, Ilaria Favuzzi, Olgierd Jeremiasz, Angelo Meduri, Jiří Mosinger, Witold Kurylak, Sylvie Motellier, Henric Nedéus, Thierry Rabilloud, Edoardo Rossi, Patricia Royo, Petri Sorsa, Saara Söyrinki, Mario Tului
Among the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, significant efforts have been undertaken to develop antimicrobial/antiviral surfaces by exploiting coating solutions. In this article, we review the actions undertaken by the EU project MIRIA, the main one being the reduction of pathogen transmission on high-traffic surfaces in public and healthcare environments. The project implements several synergies from key antimicrobial/antiviral element selection to the grafting of complex-shaped surfaces. The focus is given to one of the project’s key strategies: the adoption of sol-gel technology, known for its efficiency in creating versatile, cost-effective coatings suitable for a wide range of substrates. The project rigorously tests the coatings in simulated environments, such as operating theatres, ensuring their effectiveness and safety. This includes comprehensive durability testing against environmental, chemical, and mechanical stresses, guaranteeing the coatings’ long-term functionality. MIRIA’s validation process encompasses antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral testing in line with international standards, confirming their broad-spectrum pathogen resistance. Along with this overview, the impact of the initiative is elucidated, extending beyond healthcare, enhancing public health, creating safer living, and working environments, and reducing economic losses due to illness. To this, the MIRIA project is expected to significantly contribute to the European research and innovation in antimicrobial coatings, addressing challenges like scalability and efficacy against various pathogens. The emphasis on sustainable synthesis, including bio-based materials which align with ecological goals, positions MIRIA as a pivotal initiative in enhancing health safety standards and resilience across Europe.
{"title":"Advancing surface safety: the role of sol-gel nanocoatings in the context of MIRIA European project","authors":"Alessia Bezzon, Luigi Aurisicchio, Evelyn Castlunger, Tommaso Ceccatelli Martellini, Dominik Czerwiński, Ilaria Favuzzi, Olgierd Jeremiasz, Angelo Meduri, Jiří Mosinger, Witold Kurylak, Sylvie Motellier, Henric Nedéus, Thierry Rabilloud, Edoardo Rossi, Patricia Royo, Petri Sorsa, Saara Söyrinki, Mario Tului","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06537-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06537-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Among the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, significant efforts have been undertaken to develop antimicrobial/antiviral surfaces by exploiting coating solutions. In this article, we review the actions undertaken by the EU project MIRIA, the main one being the reduction of pathogen transmission on high-traffic surfaces in public and healthcare environments. The project implements several synergies from key antimicrobial/antiviral element selection to the grafting of complex-shaped surfaces. The focus is given to one of the project’s key strategies: the adoption of sol-gel technology, known for its efficiency in creating versatile, cost-effective coatings suitable for a wide range of substrates. The project rigorously tests the coatings in simulated environments, such as operating theatres, ensuring their effectiveness and safety. This includes comprehensive durability testing against environmental, chemical, and mechanical stresses, guaranteeing the coatings’ long-term functionality. MIRIA’s validation process encompasses antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral testing in line with international standards, confirming their broad-spectrum pathogen resistance. Along with this overview, the impact of the initiative is elucidated, extending beyond healthcare, enhancing public health, creating safer living, and working environments, and reducing economic losses due to illness. To this, the MIRIA project is expected to significantly contribute to the European research and innovation in antimicrobial coatings, addressing challenges like scalability and efficacy against various pathogens. The emphasis on sustainable synthesis, including bio-based materials which align with ecological goals, positions MIRIA as a pivotal initiative in enhancing health safety standards and resilience across Europe.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 3","pages":"639 - 647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to explore the ceramic composition in the morphotropic phase boundary suitable for the high temperature electronic components, Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-PbTiO3(PSN-PIN-PT) ceramics were designed and prepared by using the solid-state reaction method. Effect of the ceramic composition on the phase structure and electric properties of the PSN-PIN-PT ceramics were investigated. For 0.40PSN-(0.60-x)PIN-xPT(x = 0.360, 0.375, 0.390, 0.405), the increase in the PT could improve gradually Curie temperature Tc (262–292°C), but will reduce the phase transition TR-T (94–181 °C). Maximum of piezoelectric coefficient d33 (578 pC/N) could be obtained in the 0.40PSN-0.21PIN-0.39PT ceramics, together with large residual polarization Pr (~36.7 µC/cm2) and high coercive field Ec (~9.3 kV/cm). These performances make the PSN-PIN-PT ceramics have great potential applications in the high temperature device.
{"title":"Phase structure evolution and electric properties of PSN-PIN-PT ferroelectric ceramics near MPB","authors":"Menghao Wang, Pinyang Fang, Xiaoshuai Zuo, Feifei Guo, Wei Long, Xiaojuan Li, Zengzhe Xi","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06545-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06545-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to explore the ceramic composition in the morphotropic phase boundary suitable for the high temperature electronic components, Pb(Sc<sub>1/2</sub>Nb<sub>1/2</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-Pb(In<sub>1/2</sub>Nb<sub>1/2</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-PbTiO<sub>3</sub>(PSN-PIN-PT) ceramics were designed and prepared by using the solid-state reaction method. Effect of the ceramic composition on the phase structure and electric properties of the PSN-PIN-PT ceramics were investigated. For 0.40PSN-(0.60-<i>x</i>)PIN-<i>x</i>PT(<i>x</i> = 0.360, 0.375, 0.390, 0.405), the increase in the PT could improve gradually Curie temperature <i>T</i><sub>c</sub> (262–292°C), but will reduce the phase transition <i>T</i><sub>R-T</sub> (94–181 °C). Maximum of piezoelectric coefficient <i>d</i><sub>33</sub> (578 pC/N) could be obtained in the 0.40PSN-0.21PIN-0.39PT ceramics, together with large residual polarization <i>P</i><sub>r</sub> (~36.7 µC/cm<sup>2</sup>) and high coercive field <i>E</i><sub>c</sub> (~9.3 kV/cm). These performances make the PSN-PIN-PT ceramics have great potential applications in the high temperature device.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 2","pages":"614 - 623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-21DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06547-x
Shuai Gao, Meixu Han, Jinwen Pan, Yang Zhong, Hongyi Jiang
Silica aerogel (SA) was synthesized through the sol-gel process followed by ambient pressure drying, with aluminum-deposited silica aerogel (ASA) subsequently produced via aluminum deposition using an AlCl3·6H2O hydrolysis solution. This study examined the impact of deposition time and calcination temperature on ASA’s characteristics. Compared to the non-aluminum-deposited SA, ASA with 12 h of deposition time (ASA-12h) showcased a significant increase in specific surface area, reaching 675m2 ∙ g−1 at room temperature. Post-calcination at 800 °C and 1000 °C resulted in specific surface areas of 613m2 ∙ g−1 and 265m2 ∙ g−1, respectively, markedly surpassing those of SA (240 m2∙g−1 at 800 °C and 16m2 ∙ g−1 at 1000 °C). The results demonstrate that during the aging process, the deposited aluminum is coated by the aging solution, enabling it to remain stable and distribute uniformly. This deposition not only increases the particle size but also enhances structural stability. Furthermore, the formation of new Si-O-Al bonds improves the thermal stability of the silicon dioxide lattices. These insights pave the way for the industrial production of aerogels that are resistant to high temperatures.
Graphical Abstract
通过溶胶-凝胶工艺合成了二氧化硅气凝胶(SA),然后进行常压干燥,随后使用 AlCl3-6H2O 水解溶液通过铝沉积制得铝沉积二氧化硅气凝胶(ASA)。本研究考察了沉积时间和煅烧温度对 ASA 特性的影响。与未沉积铝的硅酸钠相比,沉积时间为 12 小时的硅酸钠(ASA-12h)的比表面积显著增加,室温下达到 675m2 ∙ g-1。在 800 °C 和 1000 °C 煅烧后,比表面积分别达到 613m2 ∙ g-1 和 265m2 ∙ g-1,明显超过了 SA 的比表面积(800 °C 时为 240 m2∙g-1 ,1000 °C 时为 16m2 ∙ g-1)。结果表明,在老化过程中,沉积的铝被老化溶液包覆,使其保持稳定并均匀分布。这种沉积不仅增大了颗粒尺寸,还增强了结构稳定性。此外,新的 Si-O-Al 键的形成提高了二氧化硅晶格的热稳定性。这些见解为耐高温气凝胶的工业化生产铺平了道路。
{"title":"The impact of aluminum oxide deposition on the high-temperature resistance of silica aerogels","authors":"Shuai Gao, Meixu Han, Jinwen Pan, Yang Zhong, Hongyi Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06547-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06547-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Silica aerogel (SA) was synthesized through the sol-gel process followed by ambient pressure drying, with aluminum-deposited silica aerogel (ASA) subsequently produced via aluminum deposition using an AlCl<sub>3</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O hydrolysis solution. This study examined the impact of deposition time and calcination temperature on ASA’s characteristics. Compared to the non-aluminum-deposited SA, ASA with 12 h of deposition time (ASA-12h) showcased a significant increase in specific surface area, reaching 675m<sup>2</sup> ∙ g<sup>−1</sup> at room temperature. Post-calcination at 800 °C and 1000 °C resulted in specific surface areas of 613m<sup>2</sup> ∙ g<sup>−1</sup> and 265m<sup>2</sup> ∙ g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, markedly surpassing those of SA (240 m<sup>2</sup>∙g<sup>−1</sup> at 800 °C and 16m<sup>2</sup> ∙ g<sup>−1</sup> at 1000 °C). The results demonstrate that during the aging process, the deposited aluminum is coated by the aging solution, enabling it to remain stable and distribute uniformly. This deposition not only increases the particle size but also enhances structural stability. Furthermore, the formation of new Si-O-Al bonds improves the thermal stability of the silicon dioxide lattices. These insights pave the way for the industrial production of aerogels that are resistant to high temperatures.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 2","pages":"624 - 637"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}