Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology最新文献_第2页

Outpacing sol-gel-prepared magnesium fluoride for rare earth element separation by mixed mechanisms over many second-group fluorides

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06661-w

M. S. Hagag

The synthesis, characterization, and testing of new inorganic compounds as perspective adsorbents or ion exchangers are of significant importance. Magnesium fluoride is a well-known inorganic compound that is affordable and widely used in various scientific and industrial applications. A series of adsorption experiments have been conducted, including investigations of pH range, magnesium fluoride dose weights, initial concentration of the Rare earth elements (REEs) and adsorption time. An outstanding finding regarding magnesium fluoride as an adsorbent is that REEs were separated at pH 1 through ion exchange and at pH 4 through adsorption mechanisms, showing nearly identical uptake of 191 mg/g. Under optimal adsorption conditions, the REEs were adsorbed on magnesium fluoride with an uptake of 302.4 mg. The morphological traits of magnesium fluoride were characterized using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Kinetically, the adsorption of REEs on magnesium fluoride aligns with the pseudo-second-order model and exhibits a theoretical loading capacity of 310 mg/g. What’s more, isothermally, the adsorption of REEs corresponds to the Langmuir model and predicts a theoretical uptake of 305 mg/g. Interference studies indicate that magnesium fluoride is a promising adsorbent and exhibits notable selectivity. The study suggested that magnesium fluoride has shown a higher saturation capacity compared to other Group IIA fluorides. From a sustainability perspective, magnesium fluoride has been sourced from the Mediterranean Sea. This approach achieved a REEs separation capacity of 308.7 mg/g after implementing all the optimum sol-gel magnesium fluoride adsorption conditions.

Graphical Abstract

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引用次数: 0

The influence of aluminum doping on the structural, optical, and electrical performance of CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cell

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-025-06667-y

Asad Ullah, Wasif ur Rehman, Alishba Zulfiqar, Areej Al Bahir, Refka Ghodhbani

This study aims to tackle the persistent issues in thin-film perovskite solar cells, focusing on stability, efficiency, and performance consistency. The motivation behind this research lies in the search of material which enhanced crystalline quality, and improved charge carrier dynamics to advance the current state of thin-film and device technology. By introducing aluminum (Al) doping in CsPbIBr2 perovskite films. X-ray diffraction confirms a cubic perovskite phase, with Al doping resulting in reduced FWHM values and increased crystal size, indicating enhanced crystalline quality. Ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy reveals reduced bandgap energy from 2.09 to 2.01 eV with Al doping, promoting better photon absorption and carrier mobility. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements also show that the Al-doped material has a stronger PL peak intensity compared to the pure material. The ion replacement of Pb⁺² with Al⁺³ causes the lifetime of the CsPbIBr₂ film to increase from 2.87 to 3.39 ns, according to time-resolved PL measurements. The longer lifetime of the Al-doped device indicates that the carrier lifetime is extended due to a decrease in the trap densities. The study revealed that the dark-current density-voltage characteristics of the device significantly improved the performance of photovoltaic cells These electrical parameters efficiency, open circuit voltage (V_oc), short circuit current density (J_sc), and fill factor (FF) has increased from 9.05%, 1.14 V, 11.27 mA-cm⁻², and 0.86 in the pure sample to 10.31%, 1.16 V, 12.36 mA-cm⁻², and 0.90 in the Al-doped sample respectively. This improvement could be attributed to the reduced trap densities and improved charge carrier dynamics. This approach is novel as it leverages ion replacement to stabilize the perovskite structure while simultaneously enhancing its photovoltaic performance of solar cell.

Graphical Abstract

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引用次数: 0

Improved gas sensing capabilities of ZnO:Er nanoparticles synthesized via co-precipitation method

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06623-2

R. Balaji, Pandurangan Mohan, S. Vinoth, Ashwani Kumar, Thamraa Alshahrani, Mohd. Shkir

In this study, the co-precipitation method was employed to synthesize ZnO samples with varying Er concentrations (0%, 1%, 2%, & 3 wt.%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO with increased crystallite size of 60 nm for ZnO:Er 1 wt.%. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy validated the structural coordination and identified various organic functional groups within the framework of ZnO of all the prepared samples. The morphology of the prepared ZnO:Er samples, as observed through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), revealed nanorod platelet-shaped grains with clear grain boundaries. The optical properties indicated a lower band gap of 3.25 eV for ZnO:Er1% sample. The analysis of light emission through photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy showed distinct peaks in the range of about 325–475 nm and at 615 nm. The ZnO sample containing 1% Er exhibited a more intense orange emission peak, which indicates a higher concentration of oxygen vacancies in the material. The response of the ZnO:Er1% sensor increased with higher ammonia concentrations, ranging from 50 to 250 ppm, and exhibited excellent stability over 50 days, indicating a strong interaction with the sensor. Among the fabricated ammonia gas sensors, ZnO:Er1% showed the maximum gas response of 403 at 250 ppm of NH₃, with superior response and recovery times of 7.7 s and 8.0 s, respectively, at ambient temperature. This demonstrates the high potential of ZnO:Er1% for commercial gas sensing applications.

Graphical Abstract

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引用次数: 0

Evolution of cyclic clusters in SiO2 hollow particle shells during heat treatment

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06659-4

Tatiana N. Fursova, Nadezhda S. Sukhinina, Vladimir M. Masalov, Irina I. Zverkova, Gennadi A. Emel’chenko

The transformation of shell structure of the core-shell particles of poly(methyl methacrylate)-silica and hollow SiO₂ particles undergoing heat treatment was studied by infrared (IR) spectroscopy using deconvolution of absorption bands in the wavenumber range 400–650 cm^–1. It was revealed that the changes in the IR absorption spectra during annealing were caused by structural transformation of the particles’ material due to its restructuring, including the formation of silica ring clusters of different sizes and changes of their ratio during annealing. The used method of the spectra deconvolution made it possible to consider in more detail the parameters and contributions of the vibration modes of such clusters to the absorption spectra of SiO₂. A modified structure of a polysiloxane, synthesized through hydrolysis of trimethoxy(vinyl)silane, which represents a polymer chain of repeating fragments containing four- and three-fold (Si–O) rings linked by a bridging oxygen atom, is proposed. It has been found that skeletal vibrations of 6-fold (Si–O) rings combined with transverse optical and longitudinal optic vibration modes of the Si–O–Si bonds make the principal contribution to total IR absorption of the studied samples both in amorphous and in crystal silica structures obtained after annealing.

Graphical Abstract

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引用次数: 0

Effect of single doping and dual doping with Mn and Fe on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06657-6

Aya Talal Sami, Selma M. H. AL-Jawad, Natheer Jamal Imran, Karrer Alghazali

Pure, Fe-doped, Mn-doped, and Fe/Mn-co-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method at 180 °C for 24 h to enhance the photocatalytic activity for degradation of organic and pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV-visible spectrophotometer, zeta potential, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Every sample has anatase phase and tetragonal structure according to the pattern of XRD. It was noted that titanium dioxide when doped with manganese and iron, exerts a substantial influence on the crystallite size, lattice parameter, and energy band gaps of all specimens. Every sample has an anatase phase and tetragonal structure according to the pattern of XRD. The TiO₂ pure and doping TiO₂ with metal ions can hinder the particle’s crystal growth. An FE-SEM image presents homogeneous morphology with a spherical form. The calculated optical bandgap values derived from optical measurements are situated in the range of 3.2–2.2 eV. The TiO₂ and doped TiO₂ system has shown to be highly efficient in promoting the degradation of organic and pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater as detected by a set of techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Gas chromatography (GC). All the specimens have high photocatalytic activity, but the Fe: Mn (3%, 3%) co-doped TiO₂ showed the highest photocatalytic activity against degradation of organic and pharmaceutical pollutants. Also, our study has proven that a single-doped and co-doped TiO₂ catalyst is an effective and promising method in water treatment.

{"title":"Effect of single doping and dual doping with Mn and Fe on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles","authors":"Aya Talal Sami, Selma M. H. AL-Jawad, Natheer Jamal Imran, Karrer Alghazali","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06657-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06657-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pure, Fe-doped, Mn-doped, and Fe/Mn-co-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method at 180 °C for 24 h to enhance the photocatalytic activity for degradation of organic and pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV-visible spectrophotometer, zeta potential, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Every sample has anatase phase and tetragonal structure according to the pattern of XRD. It was noted that titanium dioxide when doped with manganese and iron, exerts a substantial influence on the crystallite size, lattice parameter, and energy band gaps of all specimens. Every sample has an anatase phase and tetragonal structure according to the pattern of XRD. The TiO<sub>2</sub> pure and doping TiO<sub>2</sub> with metal ions can hinder the particle’s crystal growth. An FE-SEM image presents homogeneous morphology with a spherical form. The calculated optical bandgap values derived from optical measurements are situated in the range of 3.2–2.2 eV. The TiO<sub>2</sub> and doped TiO<sub>2</sub> system has shown to be highly efficient in promoting the degradation of organic and pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater as detected by a set of techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Gas chromatography (GC). All the specimens have high photocatalytic activity, but the Fe: Mn (3%, 3%) co-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> showed the highest photocatalytic activity against degradation of organic and pharmaceutical pollutants. Also, our study has proven that a single-doped and co-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst is an effective and promising method in water treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 3","pages":"762 - 777"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural biological electrical and catalytic activity of Mg doped Ni nano chromites synthesized through citrate gel method

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06605-4

P. Sailaja Kumari, D. Ravi Kumar, G. Vijaya Charan

In this study, Ni_1-xMg_xCr₂O₄ (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) spinel ferrites were synthesized using the citrate gel method, and their optoelectronic properties were investigated. The structural, morphological, optical, photocatalytic, and dielectric properties were systematically examined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of a single-phase spinel structure, with lattice parameters varying according to Mg content. The crystalline size of the samples ranged from 6.7 to 20.23 nm, with the smallest crystalline size observed for Ni_0.2Mg_0.8Cr₂O₄ nanochromites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a uniform grain distribution and morphology changes with increasing Mg concentration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) provided insights into the metal-oxygen bond vibrations within the spinel structure. UV-visible spectroscopy showed the material’s optical band gap, which is crucial for its photocatalytic performance. The photoluminescent (PL) analysis demonstrated that all samples exhibited broad near-band-edge emission in the visible wavelength region (~570 nm). Photocatalytic activity was assessed by the degradation of methylene blue and acid red dyes under UV light, demonstrating enhanced activity with Mg substitution. Cytotoxicity analysis against the Hela cell line (a human cervical cell) was conducted to assess the anticancer activity with IC50 values calculated from the MTT assay. Antibacterial and anti-fungal activity against gram positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens and two fungal pathogens was studied. The frequency dependence of the dielectric constant, loss, and AC conductivity was examined from room temperature to 400 °C. The dielectric constant and loss results for the samples aligned with the Maxwell–Wagner model, which is grounded in interfacial polarization, consistent with Koops’ theory. Dielectric studies indicated significant dielectric constants and loss tangents, highlighting the material’s potential for electronic applications.

Graphical Abstract

{"title":"Structural biological electrical and catalytic activity of Mg doped Ni nano chromites synthesized through citrate gel method","authors":"P. Sailaja Kumari, D. Ravi Kumar, G. Vijaya Charan","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06605-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06605-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, Ni<sub>1-x</sub>Mg<sub>x</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) spinel ferrites were synthesized using the citrate gel method, and their optoelectronic properties were investigated. The structural, morphological, optical, photocatalytic, and dielectric properties were systematically examined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of a single-phase spinel structure, with lattice parameters varying according to Mg content. The crystalline size of the samples ranged from 6.7 to 20.23 nm, with the smallest crystalline size observed for Ni<sub>0.2</sub>Mg<sub>0.8</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanochromites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a uniform grain distribution and morphology changes with increasing Mg concentration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) provided insights into the metal-oxygen bond vibrations within the spinel structure. UV-visible spectroscopy showed the material’s optical band gap, which is crucial for its photocatalytic performance. The photoluminescent (PL) analysis demonstrated that all samples exhibited broad near-band-edge emission in the visible wavelength region (~570 nm). Photocatalytic activity was assessed by the degradation of methylene blue and acid red dyes under UV light, demonstrating enhanced activity with Mg substitution. Cytotoxicity analysis against the Hela cell line (a human cervical cell) was conducted to assess the anticancer activity with IC50 values calculated from the MTT assay. Antibacterial and anti-fungal activity against gram positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens and two fungal pathogens was studied. The frequency dependence of the dielectric constant, loss, and AC conductivity was examined from room temperature to 400 °C. The dielectric constant and loss results for the samples aligned with the Maxwell–Wagner model, which is grounded in interfacial polarization, consistent with Koops’ theory. Dielectric studies indicated significant dielectric constants and loss tangents, highlighting the material’s potential for electronic applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 2","pages":"296 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143108416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study the role of oxygen vacancies and Mn oxidation states in nonstoichiometric CaMnO3-δ perovskite nanoparticles

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06632-1

E. K. Abdel-Khalek, E. A. Mohamed, Yasser A. M. Ismail

In this work, the low cost and eco-friendly CaMnO_3-δ perovskite has been prepared by sol-gel method. Rietveld refinement of XRD data indicated that CaMnO_3-δ sample crystallized in orthorhombic structure with space group Pnma. Further characterizations of this sample were performed employing TEM, SAED pattern, HR-TEM, and EDS elemental mapping. These measurements show that the CaMnO_3-δ sample has polycrystalline nature with high degree of crystallinity and all elements are homogeneously distributed. The oxidation states of Mn ions and the presence of oxygen vacancies in this sample were confirmed by XPS analysis. Optical studies revealed that CaMnO_3-δ sample has direct band gap energy (E_g) of 3.63 eV using UV–vis spectroscopy. Asymmetric magnetic hysteresis (M − H) loop in CaMnO_3-δ nanoparticles reveals that the presence of exchange bias phenomenon at room temperature. The present work provides the observation of pseudocapacitive behavior in CaMnO_3-δ nanoparticles. Furthermore, the presence of oxygen vacancies and Mn oxidation states in CaMnO_3-δ sample enhanced the charge storage capability by oxygen intercalation. These results prove that CaMnO_3-δ perovskite is a promising material for magnetic and energy-storage applications.

Graphical Abstract

{"title":"Study the role of oxygen vacancies and Mn oxidation states in nonstoichiometric CaMnO3-δ perovskite nanoparticles","authors":"E. K. Abdel-Khalek, E. A. Mohamed, Yasser A. M. Ismail","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06632-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06632-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the low cost and eco-friendly CaMnO<sub>3-δ</sub> perovskite has been prepared by sol-gel method. Rietveld refinement of XRD data indicated that CaMnO<sub>3-δ</sub> sample crystallized in orthorhombic structure with space group Pnma. Further characterizations of this sample were performed employing TEM, SAED pattern, HR-TEM, and EDS elemental mapping. These measurements show that the CaMnO<sub>3-δ</sub> sample has polycrystalline nature with high degree of crystallinity and all elements are homogeneously distributed. The oxidation states of Mn ions and the presence of oxygen vacancies in this sample were confirmed by XPS analysis. Optical studies revealed that CaMnO<sub>3-δ</sub> sample has direct band gap energy (E<sub>g</sub>) of 3.63 eV using UV–vis spectroscopy. Asymmetric magnetic hysteresis (M − H) loop in CaMnO<sub>3-δ</sub> nanoparticles reveals that the presence of exchange bias phenomenon at room temperature. The present work provides the observation of pseudocapacitive behavior in CaMnO<sub>3-δ</sub> nanoparticles. Furthermore, the presence of oxygen vacancies and Mn oxidation states in CaMnO<sub>3-δ</sub> sample enhanced the charge storage capability by oxygen intercalation. These results prove that CaMnO<sub>3-δ</sub> perovskite is a promising material for magnetic and energy-storage applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 2","pages":"461 - 472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10971-024-06632-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143108637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spirulina-mediated biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles: an interdisciplinary study on antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06649-6

Mohammad Aamir, Said Hassan, Amir Hamza Khan, Muhammad Ibrar, Sarah Sarwar, Khalid Mahmood, Nauman Khan, Duaa Abdullah Aljumaiah, Ali Hassan Aldiaram, Ammar Kamal Alameer, Abdulkhaliq Jassem Alsalman, Arshad Farid

As nanotechnology advances and gets more integrated into several scientific domains, advantages are currently achieved. This is mainly due to the unique properties of nanoparticles (NPs) and the originality they bring to these applications. Particularly analytical chemistry, environmental sciences, and medicine. Nanotechnology has become one of the most interesting and advanced areas of research in this field. In the current work, the Au-NPs were synthesized using Spirulina platensis, as it holds qualities that can reduce inflammation and act as an antioxidant and also has a rich source of different types of proteins. The characterization process included UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. The two cancer cell lines HepG-2 and A549 used for anticancer activity as well as DPPH, reducing power, total antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial activity in contradiction to many strains, were determined. Results indicated that the viability of the HepG2 and A549 tumor cell lines was around 92% and 87%, respectively, when exposed to a concentration of 100 µg of Au-NPs. However, at a concentration of 300 µg ml⁻¹, the Au-NPs showed huge toxicity, and the viability reached 31.45% for HepG2 and about 20.745% for A549. Similarly, the highest antioxidant activity was 70 ± 1.96 at a concentration of 300 µg ml⁻¹, and the lowest 40 ± 1.95 activity was recorded at a concentration of 50 µg ml⁻¹. 17 mm was the largest zone of inhibition that was shown against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Several important properties of Au-NPs biosynthesized from Spirulina platensis were demonstrated, including their anti- antioxidant, and anticancer activity.

Graphical Abstract

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引用次数: 0

Two sol-gel methods (via chlorides and nitrates) of synthesis: theory and experimental investigation of ceramic powders of Tb3+-doped Eu2O3

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06650-z

A. Valladares-Barrera, A. D. Alcantar-Mendoza, A. García-Murillo, Lilia M. Palacios-Lazcano, F. J. Carrillo-Romo

For this research, two sol-gel methods (via chlorides and nitrates) using the Pechini variant assisted by epoxide were theoretically and practically established to obtain ceramic powders of europium oxide (Eu₂O₃) xerogels undoped and doped with different molar concentrations of the trivalent terbium ion (Tb³⁺: 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 mol %). This study aimed to determine if there would be differences or changes in the luminescent properties of the Eu³⁺, as well as in its morphological/structural properties, due to interaction with the Tb³⁺ ion. Through infrared (IR) spectroscopy, the formation of M-O-M bonds, typical of materials synthesized with rare-earth oxides, was demonstrated. The characteristic bands of the vibrational modes of Eu₂O₃ were observed by Raman studies using an argon laser at 532 nm. According to the results of the luminescence analysis, the materials exhibit the transitions ⁵D₀-⁵F₁, ⁵D₀-⁵F₂, ⁵D₀-⁵F₃, and ⁵D₀-⁵F₄, which are characteristic of the red/orange photoluminescence of the trivalent europium ion (Eu³⁺). XRD was used to determine the composition of the ceramic powders and to define the crystalline structures as cubic type. Finally, the micrographs were analyzed with SEM to compare the morphologies and obtain the average particle size.

Graphical abstract

Synthesis scheme of Eu₂O₃:Tb³⁺: (a) v ch and (b) v nt.

在这项研究中，我们从理论和实践上建立了两种使用环氧化物辅助的 Pechini 变体溶胶凝胶法（通过氯化物和硝酸盐），以获得未掺杂和掺杂不同摩尔浓度三价铽离子（Tb3+：0.01、0.025、0.05、0.075 和 0.1 摩尔%）的氧化铕（Eu2O3）异凝胶陶瓷粉末。本研究旨在确定 Eu3+ 的发光特性及其形态/结构特性是否会因为与 Tb3+ 离子的相互作用而产生差异或变化。通过红外线（IR）光谱，证明了稀土氧化物合成材料中典型的 M-O-M 键的形成。利用波长为 532 纳米的氩激光进行拉曼研究，观察到了 Eu2O3 振动模式的特征带。根据发光分析的结果，材料呈现出 5D0-5F1、5D0-5F2、5D0-5F3 和 5D0-5F4跃迁，这是三价铕离子（Eu3+）的红色/橙色光致发光的特征。XRD 被用来确定陶瓷粉末的成分，并将晶体结构定义为立方类型。最后，用扫描电镜对显微照片进行分析，以比较形态并获得平均粒度。图解摘要 Eu2O3:Tb3+ 的合成方案：（a）v ch 和（b）v nt。

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引用次数: 0

“Synthesis and characterization of Chitosan-Tamarind Gum-CaO nanoparticle hydrogels for improved adsorption of Alizarin Red-S Dye from aqueous solution: performance assessment and mechanistic insights”

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06651-y

Rahul, Vasudha Vaid, Komal Nandal, Rahul Kumar Sharma, Vikas Joshi, Paras Saini, Devanshi, Rajeev Jindal, Kuljit Kaur

This research investigates the development of highly efficient adsorbents for removal of Alizarin Red-S (ARS) dye from aqueous solutions using chemical crosslinking of chitosan (CH), tamarind gum (TG), and calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs). Various analytical techniques, including TGA, XRD, SEM, and FTIR, were employed to examine the interactions and morphological changes in the hydrogels. The adsorption capacity of CH-TG and CH-TG-CaO hydrogels was evaluated under different conditions, including adsorbent amount, contact time, pH, and temperature. The data fit well with the Langmuir model, with maximum adsorption capacities (q_max) of 79.05 mg/g for CH-TG and 87.33 mg/g for CH-TG-CaO. A significant increase of approximately 9.38% in ARS adsorption was observed with CH-TG-CaO compared to CH-TG. Optimum adsorption was achieved at pH 7, with 360 min for CH-TG and 160 min for CH-TG-CaO. The highest removal efficiencies were 87.17% for CH-TG and 96.55% for CH-TG-CaO at an adsorbent amount of 0.25 g and 40 mg/L dye concentration at 30 °C and pH 7. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and thermodynamic results suggest the process is physical, exothermic, and spontaneous. The presence of -NH₂ groups in the hydrogels enhanced affinity for anionic dyes through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. Thus, CH-TG and CH-TG-CaO hydrogels are promising and efficient adsorbents for environmental remediation.

Graphical Abstract

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引用次数: 0