As a model of passivation at a micro or nanoparticle, we have modelled a passivating reaction at a microelectrode of hemispherical geometry. The reaction is considered to lead to either the formation of a surface-bound species or diffusion of product into bulk solution. A dimensionless parameter, p, of value 0 to 1.0 can be used to describe the balance between the two processes. We have simulated the first two linear sweep voltammograms (LSV) under different values of p and have simulated the peak width of the first LSV under different values of scan rate and p. These simulations were used to relate the peak width to the value of p. The results were compared to the characteristics of passivation at a microdisk electrode. The equation was used to analyse the oxidation of dopamine at hemispherical Ga electrodes, fabricated by the deposition of liquid phase Ga onto Pt microdisks.
作为微型或纳米粒子的钝化模型,我们模拟了半球形微电极的钝化反应。该反应被认为会导致表面结合物种的形成或产物扩散到大体积溶液中。无量纲参数 p 的值为 0 至 1.0,可用来描述这两个过程之间的平衡。我们模拟了不同 p 值下的前两个线性扫描伏安图 (LSV),并模拟了不同扫描速率和 p 值下第一个 LSV 的峰值宽度。该方程用于分析多巴胺在半球形镓电极上的氧化情况,半球形镓电极是通过在铂微盘上沉积液相镓而制成的。
{"title":"Passivation at a spherical cap microelectrode and comparison to a microdisk: Numerical simulation and experiment","authors":"Koolsiriphorn Shiengjen, Chatuporn Phanthong, Werasak Surareungchai, Mithran Somasundrum","doi":"10.1007/s10008-024-06038-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10008-024-06038-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a model of passivation at a micro or nanoparticle, we have modelled a passivating reaction at a microelectrode of hemispherical geometry. The reaction is considered to lead to either the formation of a surface-bound species or diffusion of product into bulk solution. A dimensionless parameter, <i>p</i>, of value 0 to 1.0 can be used to describe the balance between the two processes. We have simulated the first two linear sweep voltammograms (LSV) under different values of <i>p</i> and have simulated the peak width of the first LSV under different values of scan rate and <i>p</i>. These simulations were used to relate the peak width to the value of <i>p</i>. The results were compared to the characteristics of passivation at a microdisk electrode. The equation was used to analyse the oxidation of dopamine at hemispherical Ga electrodes, fabricated by the deposition of liquid phase Ga onto Pt microdisks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1007/s10008-024-06033-y
Laís Muniz Meireles, Rafael Matias Silva, Renê Chagas da Silva, Leonardo Luiz Okumura, Renata Pereira Lopes Moreira, Tiago Almeida Silva
An unprecedented electrochemical sensor based on low-cost films combining carbon black (CB) and green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is proposed for the voltammetric determination of ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic widely used in the treatment of infectious diseases. AgNPs were biosynthesized by using an aqueous plant extract of Camellia sinensis (black tea) in which the metabolites worked as reducing and stabilizing agents. The AgNPs and CB nanoparticles were incorporated within a crosslinked chitosan (Ch) film over the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The nanomaterials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet–visible molecular absorption spectrophotometry (UV–Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The sensor modified with both nanomaterials (AgNPs-CB-Ch/GCE) showed a significatively enhanced analytical signal for the ciprofloxacin irreversible oxidation peak. Using square-wave voltammetry (SWV) under the optimized working conditions and the proposed AgNPs-CB-Ch/GCE sensor, the analytical curve displayed two linear concentration ranges of 3.1 to 24.8 µmol L−1 and of 36.9 to 130.3 µmol L−1, with a limit of detection of 0.48 µmol L−1. The proposed electrochemical sensor presented good precision as shown from repeatability tests, as well as it was successfully applied in the quantification of ciprofloxacin in the synthetic urine sample, with recovery results close to 100% for both linear concentration ranges. The presented AgNPs synthetic method and CIP electrochemical detection are found to be simple and efficient compared to the conventional methods commonly reported.
{"title":"Low-cost electrochemical sensor for ciprofloxacin antibiotic based on green-synthesized silver nanoparticles and carbon black","authors":"Laís Muniz Meireles, Rafael Matias Silva, Renê Chagas da Silva, Leonardo Luiz Okumura, Renata Pereira Lopes Moreira, Tiago Almeida Silva","doi":"10.1007/s10008-024-06033-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-024-06033-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An unprecedented electrochemical sensor based on low-cost films combining carbon black (CB) and green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is proposed for the voltammetric determination of ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic widely used in the treatment of infectious diseases. AgNPs were biosynthesized by using an aqueous plant extract of <i>Camellia sinensis</i> (black tea) in which the metabolites worked as reducing and stabilizing agents. The AgNPs and CB nanoparticles were incorporated within a crosslinked chitosan (Ch) film over the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The nanomaterials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet–visible molecular absorption spectrophotometry (UV–Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The sensor modified with both nanomaterials (AgNPs-CB-Ch/GCE) showed a significatively enhanced analytical signal for the ciprofloxacin irreversible oxidation peak. Using square-wave voltammetry (SWV) under the optimized working conditions and the proposed AgNPs-CB-Ch/GCE sensor, the analytical curve displayed two linear concentration ranges of 3.1 to 24.8 µmol L<sup>−1</sup> and of 36.9 to 130.3 µmol L<sup>−1</sup>, with a limit of detection of 0.48 µmol L<sup>−1</sup>. The proposed electrochemical sensor presented good precision as shown from repeatability tests, as well as it was successfully applied in the quantification of ciprofloxacin in the synthetic urine sample, with recovery results close to 100% for both linear concentration ranges. The presented AgNPs synthetic method and CIP electrochemical detection are found to be simple and efficient compared to the conventional methods commonly reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1007/s10008-024-06028-9
Akash Patnaik, Pankaj Sharma
An analytical study of the effect of gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) electrolyte parameters on the output voltage, output power, open circuit no-load voltage, and leakage current is carried out for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Conductivity due to both ions and electrons is considered for GDC electrolytes. The model incorporates various polarization losses such as activation overpotential, concentration overpotential, and ohmic potential losses in order to study the effect of electrolyte parameters on output voltage. The output voltage and, hence, the power density obtained from the model closely match the experimental reports, thus validating the model. Subsequently, the open circuit no-load voltage model and no-load leakage current are used to study the effect of electrolyte thickness and electronic conductivity on it during no-load conditions. During loaded condition, the model relating the electronic current with the ionic current is employed to analyze the effect of various SOFC parameters governing the electronic current density. This study will be instrumental in designing SOFC with low leakage current density and high output power in order to enhance the performance of SOFC.
{"title":"Investigation of electrolyte parameters on the performance of gadolinium-doped ceria–based solid oxide fuel cell: an analytical study","authors":"Akash Patnaik, Pankaj Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s10008-024-06028-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10008-024-06028-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An analytical study of the effect of gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) electrolyte parameters on the output voltage, output power, open circuit no-load voltage, and leakage current is carried out for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Conductivity due to both ions and electrons is considered for GDC electrolytes. The model incorporates various polarization losses such as activation overpotential, concentration overpotential, and ohmic potential losses in order to study the effect of electrolyte parameters on output voltage. The output voltage and, hence, the power density obtained from the model closely match the experimental reports, thus validating the model. Subsequently, the open circuit no-load voltage model and no-load leakage current are used to study the effect of electrolyte thickness and electronic conductivity on it during no-load conditions. During loaded condition, the model relating the electronic current with the ionic current is employed to analyze the effect of various SOFC parameters governing the electronic current density. This study will be instrumental in designing SOFC with low leakage current density and high output power in order to enhance the performance of SOFC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The work reported herein describes the synthesis of a 3D material UiO-66(Zr)-NH-OC-MWCNT by combining a synthesized metal–organic framework UiO-66(Zr)-NH2 and a carboxy functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube MWCNT-COOH via an amide linkage and demonstrated its application for simultaneous electrochemical determination of two benzimidazole fungicides-carbendazim and thiabendazole. Different analytical techniques like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, and Field emission scanning electron microscopy were employed to characterize all the synthesized materials. The electrochemical characterization of the fabricated electrode was carried out using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry techniques have been used for the electroanalysis of carbendazim and thiabendazole. A limit of detection of 0.077 µM and 0.557 µM, respectively, have been obtained in the calibration range of 0.1 to 40 µM for carbendazim and 1 to 40 µM for thiabendazole, after optimization of several parameters which are susceptible to the sensitivity and selectivity of the developed sensor. Furthermore, with satisfactory results from the study of interferences, repeatability, and reproducibility, the proposed electrochemical sensor was successfully applied for analysis of carbendazim and thiabendazole in real samples.