Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry最新文献

A brief review of micro/nano fabrication procedures based on electroplating and anodic oxidation processes is accenting the overlap with traditional electrochemical surface finishing, and the role of electrochemical tools to control and monitor technological processes. Consideration is limited to fabrication of ordered structures and their fragments being of interest for research in physics, and also for corresponding devices. The review also addresses the progress in electrochemical fabrication of functional materials (superconducting, magnetic, optical) utilized in such devices, and nanotechnological applications of electrochemical intercalation. The review can be considered as a guide to bibliography on electrochemical micro/nano fabrication.

Electrochemical micro-milling (ECMM) is promising in machining micro-parts with the increasing demand for precise and small parts in the industrial field. However, the machining accuracy is always a problem due to the over-corrosion in ECMM. Considering the machining accuracy and the material removal rate, ultrasonic-assisted ECMM using a side wall insulated cathode was proposed in this study. Ultrasonic vibration promotes the discharge of the byproducts and enhances the renewal of electrolyte in the interelectrode and the coating on the cathode, reducing the overcut of the workpiece material. Microgrooves and 3D structures are processed layer by layer, and the cross-sectional profiles and surface roughness are measured by a 3D laser scanning microscope. Firstly, the influences of individual parameters on machining performances were analyzed, and their optimal values were obtained. Then, different milling schemes concerning the layered cathode feeding depth, milling trajectory, and offset were designed to investigate and discover the performances of machined 3D microstructures. Finally, a semi-spherical workpiece with a diameter of 600 µm, surface roughness of 223 nm, a cantilever with a width of 101.6 µm, and an aspect ratio of 8.43 was successfully processed based on the optimized parameters.

In this study, we introduce a simple, cost-effective, and scalable method for producing magnetic nanoparticles. We demonstrate the potentiostatic electrodeposition of Permalloy (NiFe) nanoparticles onto an alumina sacrificial layer over aluminum, achieving high reproducibility and the formation of nanoparticles with a hemispherical morphology, approximately 150 nm in size. A novel approach for detaching the nanoparticles from the substrate and dispersing them into solution is also developed. The interest in these small-scale hemispherical nanoparticles stems from their magnetic vortex configuration, which exhibits low remanence and inhibits the formation of larger clusters in solution due to dipolar interactions. This behavior, attributed to their intrinsic curvature, is particularly relevant for applications in effective magnetohyperthermia therapy for cancer, with possibility of nanoparticles phagocytosis due to it small sizes. The magnetic vortex configuration was characterized for both the nanoparticles on the substrate and in solution using magnetic susceptibility measurements and further confirmed through micromagnetic simulations with the open-source code Mumax( ^{3}).

Scanning electrochemical probe techniques are powerful methods for electrochemical patterning in micro and nanoscale. This review covers the electrochemical patterning in both 2D and 3D through selected examples. These include generation-collection and direct mode scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) and scanning gel electrochemical microscopy (SGECM). The vertical resolution in SECM and the lateral resolution of SECCM patterning have both achieved < 100 nm. The direct mode SECM and SECCM are in theory applicable to all electrodeposition reactions in terms of chemistry, which is a great advantage over competing techniques such as inkjet printing and lithography. The main issues of the techniques, i.e. the control and the speed, are discussed in a critical way with constructive prospects proposed.

Electrochemical oxidation of aluminium in acidic electrolyte solutions, also known as anodizing, is a widely used process for the finishing of pure aluminium and its alloys. The resulting anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) porous films play a significant role in modern science and technology. One of the most exciting features of AAO is the self-organization of pores into two-dimensional hexagonal patterns under specific anodizing conditions. The combination of a hexagonal arrangement of pores and precise control over pore diameter, interpore distance, and film thickness gives rise to a wide range of potential applications from decorative coatings to quantum technologies. This review discusses the kinetic approach to the guided search for anodizing conditions that lead to the formation of highly ordered porous structures, as well as recent data on how the crystallographic orientation of the aluminium substrate affects the growth rate and structure of AAO.

This article aims to investigate the effects of various process parameters, including electrolyte concentration, applied voltage, tool feed rate, and pulse frequency, on the average surface roughness (Ra) and roundness error (RE) during micro-electrochemical drilling of nickel-based superalloy (Inconel 625). The conducted experimentation has been performed on the in-house fabricated micro-electrochemical setup designed for performing various advanced machining operations at a miniature scale. The statistical results confirmed the accuracy and consistency of the developed mathematical models. The Ra and RE both are notably influenced by the considered input parameters, particularly applied potential difference and pulse frequency. The obtained minimum and maximum values of Ra were 0.458 µm and 1.241 µm, respectively, while the minimum and maximum values of RE were 36.484 µm and 102.794 µm, correspondingly. Furthermore, the microstructure of processed work surfaces was examined and evaluated with the field emission scanning electron microscope. The analysis revealed detailed insights into various surface integrity aspects such as the zones of stray current effect, developed micro pits, deposition of metal globules, intergranular attack, and formation of electrolytic products.

Electrodeposition of metals into nanopores of templates represents a crucial area of study within the field of confinement-controlled electrochemistry. This review addresses the templated synthesis of nanocomposites (nonmetallic hard templates with one-dimensional cylindrical nanopores filled with metal or semiconductor) and single nanowires and nanotubes obtained by template dissolution. The focus is on the influence of electrochemical conditions such as electrolyte composition, electrodeposition regimes, and template characteristics on the morphological and physical properties of the resulting nanostructures. Additionally, this review introduces the theoretical modeling of mass transfer in templated electrodeposition, which is critical for understanding and optimizing the pore-filling processes and the uniformity of nanostructure formation. The potential applications of these nanostructures in fields such as electronics, optoelectronics, and catalysis are also discussed, highlighting their significant implications for advancing nanotechnology and materials science.