Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry最新文献

This study fabricated a flexible and washable self-powered biosensor—based on cellulose textiles—for sensing glucose in sweat. The sensor is integrated with T-shirts for practical use. The cellulose fiber was modified with carbon nanotubes and reduced oxide graphene to decrease its electron transfer resistance and ohmic resistance. Due to their low resistance, the bioelectrodes display high electrocatalytic efficiency of glucose oxidation and oxygen reduction. The biosensors are assembled by packaging the bioanodes and gel electrolytes together. The assembled biosensors have a low limit of detection (6.7 µM) and a wide linear range (0.02–0.5 mM). The great sensing performances are strongly associated with the location of bioanodes and biocathodes. The outer biocathode protects the central bioanode that comes from oxygen and ensures the structural integrity of the device during bending cycles. It also reduces the damage caused by the washing. The biosensor also exhibited selectivity, repeatability, and great stability in different pHs and during long-term storage. Finally, the average recoveries in real sweat are 104.9 to 106.0%. Thus, the flexible and washable self-powered biosensors have great potential for diabetes diagnosis at an early stage by sensing glucose in sweat.

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The development of high-performance and chromium-tolerant stable hierarchical cathodes is crucial for practical applications of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). This work presents a synergistic strategy to manufacture hierarchical cathodes, focusing on optimizing microstructural and electrochemical properties. By integrating advanced fabrication techniques, including nanostructuring and surface engineering, we achieved a significant enhancement in high entropy double perovskite cathode. The electrochemical activities and chromium tolerance of BaO impregnated on (La_0.2Pr_0.2Sm_0.2Gd_0.2Nd_0.2)Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Co_1.5Fe_0.5O₅ (LPSGNBSCF) high-entropy double perovskite cathodes in SOFCs were investigated in this study. Here, an optimum coated amount of BaO-LPSGNBSCF-0.15 mol/L electrode exhibited smaller electrode polarization resistance (R_p) of 0.22 Ω cm² than pure LPSGNBSCF electrode with R_p of 0.5 Ω cm² operating at 800 °C in the presence of Cr₂O₃ for 100 h. The synergistic catalyst coating of BaO-LPSGNBSCF-0.15 M could lead to less Cr deposition and SrCrO₄ formation on LPSGNBSCF after exposure to Cr₂O₃. Moreover, the cell delivered the maximum power density of 985.9 mW/cm² at 800 °C, higher than 803.1 mW/cm² of bare LPSGNBSCF single cell and showed good stability with 100 h in short-term test. This work elucidated a rational design of efficient and durable high-entropy-based chromium tolerant cathode for SOFCs.

Cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC) synthesized with different methods was investigated as the anode material of low-temperature solid ceramic fuel cells because of high electron mobility, excellent thermal and mechanical stability, and high electrochemical reactivity towards redox-based reactions as well as low leakage current. The sample prepared via the carbothermal reduction method has multiple phases of cubic SiC (JCPDS 01–075-0254), SiO₂ (01–076-0933), and quartz (00–008-0415), respectively. Further samples developed using hydrothermal and solid-state methods show the cubic structure of SiC with JCPDS No. 01–073-1708. Fourier transform spectroscopy confirms the presence of Si–C, Si–C and Si–O bonds in the synthesized material. Raman analysis shows the transverse optical line of Si–C stretching mode in all three samples at 801 cm⁻¹. Thermal analysis reveals that the sample prepared using the solid-state method is more stable due to negligible weight loss and less decomposition during thermal heat treatment. The microstructure of materials synthesized using the solid-state method has more porosity, and therefore, better electrical conductivity of 1.1 Scm⁻¹ is obtained compared to other samples synthesized by the hydrothermal method and carbothermal reduction method, respectively. The cell reached the maximum power density of 100 mW cm⁻² with an open circuit voltage of 1.1 V at 550 °C. This work demonstrates an innovative synthesis method for 3C-SiC and novel material for developing highly efficient anode materials of solid ceramic fuel cells.

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In the past few decades, with the rapid development and wide application of lithium-ion battery, the demand for lithium resources has increased significantly. Lithium resources mainly exist in Salt Lake, so extracting lithium from Salt Lake is of great significance. Since Mg²⁺ and Li⁺ have similar ionic radius and chemical property, the main difficulty in extracting lithium from Salt Lake is the separation of Mg²⁺ and Li⁺. Current techniques in the common use of separating Mg²⁺ and Li⁺ from Salt Lake mainly include the extraction method, adsorption method, and membrane method. Electrochemical electrode deionization (EEDI), also known as capacitive deionization in its early days, is a promising water desalination technology that has the advantages of environmental friendliness, low cost, low energy consumption, and convenient electrode regeneration. EEDI is primarily used for desalination, but its working principle indicates that it can also be used for element enrichment. Currently, a large number of works have used EEDI for Mg²⁺/Li⁺ separation and Li⁺ enrichment. This work aims to review the research progress of EEDI for lithium extraction, focusing on its working mechanism, key materials (electrode materials or membrane materials), achieved performance, and prospects for future development. This work will help promote the development of EEDI technology in the field of Mg²⁺/Li⁺ separation.

Multi-component electrode materials with novel structures are highly pursued to the assembly of high-performance hybrid supercapacitors. In this paper, we have prepared CoMoO₄-modified NiMoO₄ and nitrogen-doped porous carbon by using α-MoO₃ and ZIF-8/ZIF-67 as sacrificial templates. In particular, α-MoO₃ and ZIF-67 were also used as the molybdenum and cobalt sources for the in situ synthesis of NiMoO₄ and CoMoO₄, respectively. The structural construction and surface modification of the NiMoO₄ electrode were realized under mild reaction conditions. As compared with the pristine NiMoO₄, the electrochemical properties of CoMoO₄-modified NiMoO₄ were significantly improved. The maximal capacity of the CoMoO₄-modified NiMoO₄ under 3-electrode system is 522.5 C g⁻¹. When the power density is 800 W kg⁻¹, the maximum energy density of the hybrid supercapacitor based on CoMoO₄-modified NiMoO₄ and nitrogen-doped porous carbon is 41.29 Wh kg⁻¹. All electrochemical results indicate that multi-component electrodes prepared by our sacrificial template strategy have the possibility to be applied in hybrid energy storage equipment.

In this work, materials based on lanthanum zirconates with a pyrochlore structure were prepared by a deposition with ultrasonic spraying. This method combines good variability and scalability. Various approaches to modernize the microstructure of samples and to reduce sintering temperature were applied. For instance, the use of small amounts of sintering additive 0.5 wt.%Co₃O₄ showed an excellent result. In this case, the optimal combination ratio of density and the lowest possible sintering temperature of ceramics has been achieved. The effect of density changes of 3% and 5% on the La_1.95Ca_0.05Zr₂O_7-δ ion transport has been established. The Ca²⁺ segregation reproduced for all samples has confirmed the predominant disordering at grain boundaries in lanthanum zirconates. The proposed synthesis option ensures the specified distribution of elements, claimed dopant solubility and does not transform the defect formation of La_1.95Ca_0.05Zr₂O_7-δ. Hence, the proposed synthesis method can be successfully recommended for the synthesis of ion-conducting rare earth elements zirconates.

This study describes the development and characterization of an electrochemical sensor based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) immobilized on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) supported by polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for ciprofloxacin (CPX) detection. The SPCE-AuNPs sensor was fabricated using optimized carbonaceous material-based inks for the working and counter electrodes, while silver/silver chloride ink was employed for the quasi-reference electrode. Electrochemical characterization revealed a significant 223% increase in CPX oxidation current intensity compared to the unmodified SPCE electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed this improvement, showing a decrease in charge transfer resistance (Rct) from 0.225 kΩ for SPCE to 0.125 kΩ for SPCE-AuNPs. Under optimized conditions utilizing differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), the sensor exhibited a linear range of 0.4 to 88.0 μmol L⁻¹, a limit of detection of 0.12 μmol L⁻¹, and a limit of quantification of 0.4 μmol L⁻¹. The developed method was applied to determine CPX in water and pharmaceutical formulation samples, achieving excellent recovery values ranging from 96 to 104%.

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In solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrode catalyst, the reaction in cathode and anode involves different reactions that require diverse catalytic materials. In this work, BaCO₃ as a non-ionic/electronic conductor was infiltrated into Sr₂Fe_1.5Mo_0.5O_6-δ (SFM) electrode in symmetrical SOFC. The oxygen reduction reaction in SFM cathode could be enhanced when infiltrated with BaCO₃, as area-specific resistance (ASR) was reduced from 0.33 to 0.15 Ωcm² at 700 °C. The 0.42 Ωcm² ASR values of SFM anode are reduced to 0.35 Ωcm². The performance improvement is directly related with the loading weight of BaCO₃, which is actually the surface coverage of BaCO₃ on SFM electrode frame. And the oxygen surface exchange coefficient of SFM cathode is improved from 4.8 × 10⁻⁵ to 10.5 × 10⁻⁵ cms⁻¹ at 800 °C, but the hydrogen oxidation rate of SFM anode is slightly increased, which is consistent with the infiltrated SFM anode. For a full cell with BaCO₃ infiltrated SFM as cathode and anode, the power density is 0.81 Wcm⁻² that is 44% higher than the bare SFM electrode at 800 °C and remains stable at 0.64 Acm⁻² for the 200 h test. As a cheap and extensive synergistic catalyst for electrode reaction, barium carbonate shows great application potential in SOFC.

In this work, a simple and efficient hydrothermal synthesis route for CuS and CuS/C-150 is presented, overcoming the limitations of traditional methods by using a single-step synthesis that allows more efficient and scalable process. This method also provides a more detailed study of the mechanisms between the material/electrolyte interface through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed the morphological formation of microspheres and microsheets under the synthesis conditions. The method and synthesis conditions led to the formation of CuS in the covellite form (JCPDS nº 06–0646), which was confirmed via X-ray diffraction. A decrease in the intensity of the peaks in the CuS/C-150 diffractogram was observed, characteristic of amorphous material. Cyclic voltammetry revealed redox peaks characteristic of CuS and CuS/C-150 materials, and the specific capacity values of CuS and CuS/C-150 were measured by galvanostatic charge–discharge, yielding 168.8 and 121.9 C.g⁻¹, respectively. These values indicate that these materials are good charge storage. For cyclic stability (5 mA.cm⁻²), CuS/C-150 retained 74.1% after 200 cycles. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis indicated that the resistances were negligible for both solution and charge transfer. Through complex calculations via impedance spectroscopy, the materials obtained relaxation time constants (τ₀) of approximately 2.30 s, and at the intercept of the |Q/S| =|P/S|, 70% curves were obtained. Therefore, the electrochemical results were satisfactory and confirmed that the materials are promising battery-type electrodes and that the hydrothermal route is viable and effective for obtaining the studied materials.

The electroless plating method was used in this work to successfully create a Ni-W-P/ZrC composite coating on an N80 carbon steel substrate. How the ceramic nanomaterial ZrC affected the coating’s mechanical property, surface morphology, and corrosion resistance has also been investigated in this work. The outcomes demonstrated that the addition of ZrC material can greatly enhance the performance of the coating in a severe environment. The coating’s surface flaws improve, its surface gets denser and more complete, and its grain size gets much more refined as the concentration of ZrC increases. This is particularly evident when the ZrC concentration is 4 g/L. Because of ZrC’s dispersion strengthening and grain refinement effects, the composite coating with 4 g/L of ZrC has an average friction coefficient of 0.524 in the friction test which is lower than the Ni-W-P alloy coating. It also has a narrower wear section and a significantly smaller wear volume (0.0011 mm³). Furthermore, ZrC significantly increases the composite coatings’ resistance to corrosion. The corrosion current density of the composite coating is 5.27 µA/cm², the corrosion potential is − 0.282 V, and the impedance is 8.21 × 10⁴ Ω⋅cm² when the concentration of ZrC is 4 g/L.