Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry最新文献

Polyolefin separators are widely used in commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but their inherent limitations, such as poor thermal stability and low electrolyte wettability, restrict the further improvement of LIB performance. This paper presents a novel process for recovering and preparing submicron level AlOOH (boehmite) from the waste liquid of aluminum electrolytic capacitors. In addition, AlOOH/PVP@PP composite separators were prepared by utilizing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which has high thermal stability, as a binder, which significantly improves the thermal stability and electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries. The results of the study showed that the incorporation of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) binder and AlOOH greatly improved the thermal stability of polypropylene (PP) separators. The thermal shrinkage of the AlOOH/PVP@PP separator at 180 °C was significantly reduced from 10.1% to 1.5% compared to the AlOOH/PVDF@PP separator fabricated with the conventional binder, while the structure of the AlOOH coating remained unchanged without significant changes. In addition, the voids between the AlOOH particles in the coating help to improve the containment of the electrolyte, which significantly improves the wettability of the separator. More importantly, the strong polarity of the PVP binder enhances the wettability of the separator to the electrolyte, improves the lithium-ion migration efficiency in the AlOOH/PVP@PP separator, and raises the ion transfer number from 0.447 to 0.661, thereby improving the electrochemical performance of the battery.

Graphical Abstract

This study leveraged the waste liquid from aluminum electrolytic capacitors to synthesize submicron-sized boehmite (AlOOH). It further employed PVP-a thermally stable binder with strong adhesion to both PP and AlOOH-to fabricate the AlOOH/PVP@PP composite separator. This innovative composite separator substantially enhanced the safety and electrochemical performance of the battery.

The electrochemical behavior of rutin on cerium oxide/cobalt phthalocyanine-multiwalled carbon nanotube-modified glassy carbon electrode (CeO₂/MWCNT-CoPc/GCE) film was examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and amperometry in a Britton-Robinson buffer at pH 3.0. The physical and chemical characterization of the modified electrode was carried out with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The DPV results showed that the developed CeO₂/MWCNT-CoPc/GCE demonstrated a linear concentration range between 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹ and 2.8 × 10⁻⁵ mol L⁻¹ with a limit of detection of 0.12 μ mol L⁻¹ (S/N = 3). In addition, amperometric measurements had higher sensitivity and revealed two distinct ranges of linear concentration. While the first linear range extends from 3.5 nmol L⁻¹ to 0.17 μmol L⁻¹, the second linear range was 0.4 μmol L⁻¹ to 40.1 μmol L⁻¹. The equations were obtained as iₚ (μA) = 73.659 × C_Rutin (μmol L⁻¹) + 2.0432 and iₚ (μA) = 3.4788 × C_Rutin (μmol L⁻¹) + 17.928, respectively. From the first linear range curve, LOD was found as 1.3 nmol L⁻¹ (S/N = 3). The CeO₂/MWCNT-CoPc/GCE presented satisfactory results for reproducibility, stability, and selectivity. This technique was able to quantify rutin in tablet forms with complete accuracy and precision.

Nanocrystalline spinel CoFe₂O₄ materials have been successfully synthesized by a facile force-driven chemical hydrolysis technique, and the impacts of varying post-synthesis annealing temperature on their morphological, structural, and electrochemical properties have been investigated. Microstructural investigation revealed the formation of a spinel cubic structure of a typical CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticle, which showed enhanced microstructural properties upon increasing annealing temperature. The optimally improved microstructure, coupled with the exhibition of favorable electrochemical and electrical properties of the CoFe₂O₄ sample annealed at 800 °C, resulted in an enhanced pseudocapacitive charge storage performance with maximum specific capacitance and capacity values of 756.5 Fg⁻¹ and 57.16 mAhg⁻¹. The presence of interstitial sites enabled fast and efficient ion transport and diffusion attributes for the high electrochemical charge storage outputs. The obtained results suggest that the effectiveness of CoFe₂O₄ as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage depends on its microstructural build-up via thermal treatment variations.

The solid-state lithium battery is widely regarded as one of the most promising options for future energy storage systems. However, one significant challenge facing this type of battery is enhancing the ionic and electronic conductivities of the sintered composite cathode material as an active material. In this study, we investigated the ionic and electronic conductivities of a LiNi_0.7Mn_0.15Co_0.15O₂ compound that underwent dual modification through Al-doping and V₂O₅ coating, using AC impedance measurements. The ionic and electronic resistances were statistically analyzed via the Taguchi method, employing an experimental design focused on assessing the impact of these dual modifications on resistance reduction. An L8 orthogonal array was created, with Al-doping and V₂O₅ coating as factors, each with two levels: unmodified and modified. Each experiment was duplicated. The results, interpreted based on the calculated signal-to-noise ratio and confirmed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), demonstrated that dual modification has a statistically significant effect in reducing both ionic and electronic resistance. A significant increase in ionic and electronic conductivities was observed when the material was modified with Al-doping and V₂O₅ coating.

Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a pivotal material for high rate sodium ions storage attributed to the tunable interlayer spacing, high specific surface area, and excellent electrical conductivity. However, the restacking and narrow interlayer spacing of GO layers restrict their cycle life and rate capability. In this study, organic 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DABZ) molecules are embedded into the interlayers of GO via a molecular welding technique. The DABZ molecules are strongly anchored between GO layers via stable amide (HN-C = O) bonds which formed through the dehydration condensation reaction between -COOH groups on GO and -NH₂ groups of DABZ molecules. It can not only contribute a pillar effect that enlarging the interlayer spacing, but also introduces a traction effect that enhancing the structural stability of GO. Consequently, the interlayer spacing of GO is expanded to 0.88 nm compared with that of 0.71 nm for GO, thereby optimizing the layered structure and enhanced sodium-ion storage rate capability. The DABZ-GO demonstrated an exceptional reversible capacity of 245.1 mAh g⁻¹ after 1200 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A g⁻¹ and the DABZ-GO||AC sodium ion capacitors (SICs) also achieved an energy density of 45.1 Wh kg⁻¹ and a power density of 9494.7 W kg⁻¹, with a capacity retention rate of 60.1% after 5000 cycles. The proposed molecular welding-chemical bond anchoring strategy provides an innovative and efficient approach for modulating interlayer spacing and design stable and high rate sodium ions storage materials.

In this work, imidazole (IMZ) is evaluated as a corrosion inhibitor for archaeological steel associated with wood in 10% PEG-200 solution. Inhibitory properties were characterized by electrochemical measurements and morphological analysis, while fungicidal power was monitored by natural aging. The results showed that IMZ is a mixed-type inhibitor with an efficacy of 99.5%, which improves with time, of which 32 °C proved to be the optimum temperature. In impregnation, IMZ preserved the original appearance of the nail while minimizing wood mineralization, although its biocidal power remained insufficient.

Research into solid electrolytes with high stability and ionic conductivity is essential for developing safe, high energy density Li-ion batteries, with garnet type (Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂, LLZO) solid-state electrolyte being a promising candidate. However, its low room-temperature conductivity, high activation energy, and the requirement for high-temperature synthesis to achieve cubic LLZO limit its application. This study uses an optimized solid phase reaction method to prepare Nb-doped LLZO solid-state electrolyte by incorporating a variable ball milling duration, refined sintering conditions, and an optimized Nb doping concentration to systematically investigate its impact on microstructure and electrochemical performance analyzed using Raman analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results revealed that the optimum concentration of the Nb doping sintered at 1200 ℃ for 2 h achieved a high-performance Nb-doped LLZO solid state electrolyte as compared to undoped LLZO solid state electrolyte.

The influence of CoMoO₄/Co₃O₄ heterojunction and the interlayer synergistic effect on the morphology and electrochemical performance of composite electrode materials for supercapacitors was explored in this paper. Co₃O₄, CoMoO₄, and CoMoO₄/Co₃O₄ were synthesized on the surface of nickel foam (NF) via a solvothermal synthesis combined with heat treatment. Subsequently, CoMo-LDH was uniformly coated through a secondary solvothermal process. The results indicate that during the material construction process, the growth of CoMoO₄/Co₃O₄ has a pivotal function in promoting its development. It facilitates the formation of a three-dimensional hierarchical nanoflower structure, which results in an increased specific surface area, creating numerous active sites, thereby significantly enhancing electrochemical performance. CoMo-LDH@CoMoO₄/Co₃O₄ exhibited excellent performance due to the synergistic effect of consistent raw material ratios and the superior three-dimensional hierarchical nanoflower structure. Density functional theory calculations confirm the metallic nature of the heterojunction, which synergizes with the nanoflower morphology to facilitate charge transfer. In a three-electrode system, the specific capacitance was found to be 2170.8 mF cm⁻² at 1 mA cm⁻², with inherent impedance and transfer impedance of 0.827 Ω and 0.234 Ω, respectively. Meanwhile, an asymmetric supercapacitor was developed with the prepared CoMo-LDH@CoMoO₄/Co₃O₄ and activated carbon. At a power density of 800.4 µW cm⁻², the energy density was 93.3 µWh cm⁻². After 9000 cycles, its capacitance retention was 85.6%, with Coulombic efficiency stable at 100%.

An electrochemical sensor based on Cu₃(BTC)₂ MOF-fabricated screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was employed for Cd(II) detection. The Cu₃(BTC)₂ was synthesized via a straightforward solvothermal approach and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, and FE-SEM. The XRD of the synthesized Cu₃(BTC)₂ was in good agreement with the existing Cu₃(BTC)₂ (CCDC 112954). The FT-IR results revealed the absorption bands at 1368–1446 cm⁻¹ and 1554–1640 cm⁻¹ which may be ascribed to the bridged bidentate coordination of carboxylate groups in Cu₃(BTC)₂ MOF. The Cu₃(BTC)₂-modified electrode offers the facile electron transfer and greater electrochemical surface area compared to the bare electrode. The recovery of Cd(II) ranged from 102.68 to 115.36%, which proves the practical applicability of the Cu₃(BTC)₂/SPCE electrode.

Rapid exhaustion of non-renewable fuels due to industrialization has molded research to find a feasible approach by recycling wastewater. Incidentally, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have appeared as a sustainable tool to treat wastewater and convert bioelectricity simultaneously. The limitations—microbial poisoning, electrode decay, and the potential drop in MFCs—make it unsuitable for high-energy applications. The fabrication of a polymer-metal organic framework (P-MOF)-supported electrode offers high conductivity, improved surface area, and substantial pore volume, resulting in significant MFC power output. The incorporation of MOF with polymer has improved the performance of the electrode owing to its remarkable electrochemical properties. This review highlights the essential insights into the sustainable development goals, emphasizing the physicochemical parameters and biocompatibility of polymer-MOF-modified electrodes. Moreover, the recent advances and the challenges of electrodes to be used in MFCs are discussed. Based on the assessment of power density, the hybrid electrodes could be a remarkable alternative in MFCs.