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Addressing Media Literacy through an International Virtual Exchange: A Report of One ESL-EFL Collaboration 通过国际虚拟交流解决媒介素养问题:一个ESL-EFL合作的报告
Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.55593/ej25100a9
Nikola Lehotska, Zusana Tomaš, Margita Vojtkuláková
This article contributes to the literature on the value of Virtual Exchanges (VEs) in the field of technology-mediated language learning. Specifically, we report on a pilot program for high school English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners in Slovakia and English as a Second Language (ESL) learners in Michigan, USA who engaged in a 10-week, international VE focused on media literacy. Learners in both countries collaborated on a project that involved developing and administering a survey on media literacy beliefs and practices among high schoolers at their institutions and provided feedback on their international peers’ survey designs and presentations of survey findings. Learners also worked to raise awareness about misinformation through a media literacy campaign implemented in their social media networks. To guide language educators interested in implementing VEs, we also address the technological tools that enhanced the VE program and discuss several pedagogical issues that are important to consider in VEs for language learners.
本文对虚拟交流在技术中介语言学习领域的价值的文献进行了补充。具体来说,我们报告了斯洛伐克高中英语作为外语(EFL)学习者和美国密歇根州英语作为第二语言(ESL)学习者的试点项目,他们参加了为期10周的国际媒体素养培训。两国的学习者合作开展了一个项目,该项目涉及制定和管理一项关于各自机构中学生媒体素养信念和实践的调查,并对国际同行的调查设计和调查结果的介绍提供反馈。学员们还通过在社交媒体网络上开展媒体扫盲活动,努力提高对错误信息的认识。为了指导对实施虚拟企业感兴趣的语言教育者,我们还讨论了增强虚拟企业计划的技术工具,并讨论了语言学习者在虚拟企业中需要考虑的几个重要教学问题。
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引用次数: 0
Transitions to Online Teaching during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Activity Theory Perspective COVID-19大流行期间向在线教学的过渡:活动理论视角
Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.55593/ej.25100a11
David Bollen, G. Humphreys, Shu-Wen Lin, John Donnellan
Situated in a Japanese university ELT context, this qualitative exploratory interview-based study offers insights into how ten teachers responded to the challenges of transitioning to emergency remote teaching (ERT). The research was conducted to understand the implications of pandemic-instigated educational changes on teaching practices and perspectives towards effective teaching. An activity theory perspective accounts for the complex interlinking internal and external factors influencing teachers’ experiences during and since the ERT. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with the ten teachers following the initial period of ERT and through reflective writing by the same teachers 12 months later. Key findings from a content analysis were that perspectives towards effective teaching were generally reinforced and that following reflection on pedagogical practices and professional learning directions many teachers were able to respond effectively to ongoing educational changes. We argue that the implications of the study may reveal important areas of comparison with other systems of activity in heightened states of transition and reveal pathways to the development of new practices.
在日本大学的英语教学背景下,这项基于访谈的定性探索性研究提供了十位教师如何应对过渡到紧急远程教学(ERT)的挑战的见解。进行这项研究是为了了解大流行引发的教育变革对教学实践和对有效教学的看法的影响。活动理论的视角解释了影响教师体验的内在因素和外在因素之间的复杂联系。数据是通过对10位教师的半结构化访谈获得的,在ERT的初始阶段,并通过12个月后同一位教师的反思性写作获得的。内容分析的主要发现是,对有效教学的看法普遍得到加强,在对教学实践和专业学习方向的反思之后,许多教师能够有效地应对正在进行的教育变化。我们认为,这项研究的意义可能揭示了在高度过渡状态下与其他活动系统进行比较的重要领域,并揭示了发展新实践的途径。
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引用次数: 1
100 Years of Research on English Language Learning/Teaching Materials: A Systematic Literature Review 百年英语学习/教材研究:系统文献综述
Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.55593/ej.25100a2
Reza Khany, Ayad Kamalvand
The importance of materials in learning and teaching has prompted a substantial number of studies on English language learning/teaching materials (ELLTM). To date, the field seems largely unstudied when it comes to identifying the focus, themes, and challenges. Hence the present study endeavored to systematically review, analyze, and synthesize the scope and the coverage of the research articles (RAs) on the ELLTM. To this end, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in the top100 journals with the highest metrics in Scimago Journal Rank (SJR) categorized under “Language and Linguistic”. The review identifies 661 studies based on the strings ‘material(s)’, ‘textbook’, ‘coursebook’, and ‘courseware’, of which 238 met the inclusion criteria. Analyses of content and statistical data indicated that the research direction has focused on three main themes: evaluation, production, and selection/adoption. The study concludes with recommendations and suggestions for future research into ELLTM.
材料在学习和教学中的重要性促使了大量关于英语语言学习/教学材料(ELLTM)的研究。到目前为止,当涉及到确定焦点、主题和挑战时,这个领域似乎基本上没有研究过。因此,本研究试图系统地回顾、分析和综合有关ELLTM的研究文章的范围和覆盖范围。为此,我们对Scimago Journal Rank (SJR)中“语言和语言学”分类下指标最高的前100种期刊进行了全面的文献检索。该评估根据“材料”、“教科书”、“教材”和“课件”等字符串确定了661项研究,其中238项符合纳入标准。对内容和统计数据的分析表明,研究方向主要集中在三个主题:评估、生产和选择/采用。最后,对今后的研究提出了建议和建议。
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引用次数: 3
Using the Internet to Instruct on Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Classrooms across Borders 利用互联网指导跨国界课堂的循证实践(EBP)
Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.55593/ej.25100int
S. Chu, Lay Shi Ng, Grace McConnell
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a three-dimensional approach to professional services in which high-quality and current research evidence is integrated with practitioner expertise along with client values to inform assessment and treatment decisions. The primary objective of this study is to promote the importance of EBPs for speech-language-pathologies to their students’ clinical practices. A cross-institute collaboration on EBP in-class assignment was conducted at the National University in Malaysia and Rockhurst University in the United States. This assignment required students to choose and explore a research article online and write a synopsis of the article and reflections about its findings for clinical application. The findings show that both groups of students learned how to access EBP, and this assignment helped them better understand EBP in the field of speech language pathology. Students from the United States reported that they had more of a base of knowledge about EBP than their peers in Malaysia. Findings from this study could help the local governance and speech-language pathology associations in Malaysia and the United States and university programs in both countries understand the current practice and professional development needs of speech therapists in both countries.
循证实践(EBP)是一种专业服务的三维方法,其中高质量和当前的研究证据与从业者的专业知识以及客户的价值相结合,为评估和治疗决策提供信息。本研究的主要目的是促进言语语言病理的ebp对学生临床实践的重要性。马来西亚国立大学和美国洛克赫斯特大学进行了EBP课堂作业的跨研究所合作。这个作业要求学生选择和探索一篇在线研究文章,并写一篇文章的摘要和对其临床应用结果的反思。结果表明,两组学生都学会了如何使用EBP,这项作业帮助他们更好地理解了言语语言病理学领域的EBP。来自美国的学生报告说,他们比马来西亚的同龄人对EBP有更多的了解。这项研究的结果可以帮助马来西亚和美国的地方政府和语言病理学协会以及两国的大学项目了解两国语言治疗师的现状和专业发展需求。
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引用次数: 0
The Teaching English as a Second Language Electronic Journal (TESL-EJ): A Bibliometric Analysis of the First 99 Issues 《英语作为第二语言教学》电子期刊:前99期文献计量学分析
Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.55593/ej.25100a1
William S. Pearson
February 2022 marks the 100th issue of the Teaching English as a Second Language Electronic Journal (TESL-EJ), set up in 1994 as the brainchild of a group of scholars who saw the need for a freely distributed electronic academic journal covering a diverse array of interests within teaching English as a second language long before the term “open access” was coined. The present study constitutes a bibliometric analysis of the first 99 issues of TESL-EJ. Through cross-sectional and historical analysis of a range of key metrics, notably the scale of its output and citations by other authors, frequency of topics explored, most productive and influential author affiliations and countries, and the extent of author collaboration, the study analyzes the growth and development of research activity as reflected in the publication’s output during the period under study. The study found that the nature of the journal’s output has evolved over the years from anecdotal practitioner reviews and thought pieces to rigorous empirical research. As a US-based journal, North American scholarship is well-represented across TESL-EJ’s output, particularly in studies contextualized in tertiary-level settings. There has been a consistent tendency towards non-specialist research topics within teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL), notably, EFL, writing, language learning, English teacher, English language learner, reflective of the journal’s large, global readership. The implications for the journal’s stakeholders, the editorial team and scholars considering submission, are discussed.
《英语作为第二语言教学电子期刊》(TESL-EJ)创刊于1994年,是一群学者的心血产物。早在“开放获取”一词被创造出来之前,他们就意识到需要一份免费发行的电子学术期刊,涵盖英语作为第二语言教学领域的各种兴趣。本研究对前99期TESL-EJ进行了文献计量学分析。通过对一系列关键指标的横断面和历史分析,特别是其产出规模和被其他作者引用、探讨主题的频率、最具生产力和影响力的作者所属单位和国家以及作者合作的程度,本研究分析了在所研究期间出版物产出中反映的研究活动的增长和发展。研究发现,多年来,该杂志的产出性质已经从轶事从业者评论和思想片段演变为严格的实证研究。作为一份美国期刊,北美学术在TESL-EJ的产出中得到了很好的体现,特别是在高等教育背景下的研究中。在向说其他语言的人教授英语(TESOL)方面,一直有一种非专业研究主题的趋势,特别是EFL、写作、语言学习、英语教师、英语学习者,这反映了该杂志庞大的全球读者群体。讨论了对期刊利益相关者、编辑团队和考虑投稿的学者的影响。
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引用次数: 4
English Learner Teacher Advocates: A Systematic Literature Review 英语学习者教师倡导:系统的文献综述
Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.55593/ej.25100a8
Leyla N. M. Norman, Zohreh R. Eslami
In this systematic literature review, we synthesize and critically analyze information from publications between 2010 and 2020 that answer the following overarching research question: What does being (or not being) advocates for English learner (EL) students look like for EL teachers? Findings indicate that EL teachers’ backgrounds and characteristics, such as gender, race, intercultural experience, and experience teaching, affect their propensity to advocate and the types of advocacy in which they engage. Additionally, we examine ways teachers advocate for their students inside and outside the classroom/school, such as changing how they instruct their EL students, and speaking up for them at district or states’ departments of education meetings. We also explore and describe conditions that support (supportive administration, prioritizing ELs in the master school calendar, collaboration with general education teachers, for example) and hinder (unsupportive administration, marginalization of ELs and EL teachers, lack of collaboration with general education teachers, for instance) advocacy for ELs by EL teachers. Recommendations for pre- and in-service teacher education programs are offered, and potential areas for future research are also discussed.
在这篇系统的文献综述中,我们综合并批判性地分析了2010年至2020年间发表的信息,这些信息回答了以下首要研究问题:作为(或不作为)英语学习者(EL)学生的倡导者,对于英语学习者(EL)教师来说是什么?研究结果表明,英语教师的背景和特征,如性别、种族、跨文化经验和经验教学,会影响他们的倡导倾向和倡导类型。此外,我们还研究了教师在课堂内外为学生倡导的方式,例如改变他们指导EL学生的方式,以及在地区或州教育部门会议上为他们说话。我们还探索和描述了支持(支持性管理,在主学校日历中优先考虑英语教学,与通识教育教师的合作,例如)和阻碍(不支持性管理,英语教学和英语教师的边缘化,缺乏与通识教育教师的合作,例如)英语教学教师倡导英语教学的条件。对教师职前教育和在职教育提出了建议,并讨论了未来可能的研究领域。
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引用次数: 0
The Effects of L2 Pronunciation Instruction on EFL Learners’ Intelligibility and Fluency in Spontaneous Speech 二语语音教学对英语学习者自发言语的可理解性和流畅性的影响
Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.55593/ej.25100a7
Tuc Chau, Amanda Huensch, Yen K. Hoang, H. T. Chau
This study investigated the effects of L2 pronunciation instruction on speech intelligibility and fluency, the relationship between intelligibility and fluency, and the extent to which utterance fluency can predict perceived fluency. Participants were 30 beginning adult EFL learners who received either segmental or suprasegmental instruction. Oral data included monologues recorded at the beginning and end of an 8-week course. Speech segments were transcribed for intelligibility and rated on a 1000-point scale for fluency by 11 native speakers. They were also coded and analyzed for transcription errors and utterance fluency measures. Quantitative analyses did not reveal significant changes in intelligibility or perceived fluency as the result of instruction. However, the suprasegmental group seemed to show an upward trend in speech rate, which was found to strongly predict perceived fluency. The findings further our understanding of the effectiveness of pronunciation instruction based on an understudied population and a free response outcome measure.
本研究探讨了二语发音指导对言语可理解性和流利性的影响,可理解性和流利性之间的关系,以及话语流利度对感知流利度的预测程度。参与者为30名初学英语的成人学习者,他们接受分段或超分段教学。口头资料包括在为期8周的课程开始和结束时录制的独白。11位母语人士对演讲片段的可理解性进行了转录,并对流利程度进行了1000分的评分。他们也被编码和分析转录错误和话语流畅性的措施。定量分析并没有显示教学结果在可理解性或感知流畅性方面的显著变化。然而,超片段组似乎在语速上表现出上升趋势,这被发现有力地预测了感知的流畅性。研究结果进一步加深了我们对发音教学有效性的理解,这是基于未充分研究的人群和自由反应结果测量。
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引用次数: 1
Teaching Students, Creating Teachers: Focusing on Future Language Teachers and their Education for Bilingual Classrooms 培养学生,创造教师:关注未来语言教师及其双语课堂教育
Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.55593/ej.25100a10
G. Delicado-Puerto, L. Alonso-Díaz, L. V. Fielden Burns
How to better prepare future bilingual teachers for foreign language learning classrooms and their challenges is a key consideration in education, a concern echoed across the world as such programmes, where curricular content is taught in a foreign language, grow in popularity. This article presents student profiles and satisfaction for the first year of an EMI (English as a Medium of Instruction) teacher training model at the University of Extremadura in Spain. The goal of this programme is to offer instruction for education majors in a four-year, bilingual Bachelor’s in Primary Education (BA) programme where 50% of curricular subjects are taught in students’ native Spanish, and 50% in English. The data collected in this study revealed that first-year students in the bilingual programme have higher university admission scores than average, as well as high expectations for their linguistic progress in the programme. They are also quite motivated and indicate that the cooperative model of the programme positively impacted the experience of their first year and was a hallmark of their satisfaction overall. The positive results of the study offer insight not only onto analogous contexts in Spain but also to other countries where EMI or bilingual education is of interest.
如何更好地为未来的双语教师准备外语学习课堂及其面临的挑战是教育中的一个关键考虑因素,随着这类课程内容以外语授课的课程越来越受欢迎,世界各地都在关注这一问题。本文介绍了西班牙埃斯特雷马杜拉大学EMI(英语作为教学媒介)教师培训模式第一年的学生概况和满意度。该课程的目标是为四年制双语小学教育学士学位课程的教育专业学生提供指导,其中50%的课程科目用学生的母语西班牙语授课,50%用英语授课。本研究收集的数据显示,双语课程的一年级学生的大学录取分数高于平均水平,并且对他们在课程中的语言进步有很高的期望。他们也很有积极性,并表示该方案的合作模式对他们第一年的经历产生了积极影响,是他们总体满意的一个标志。该研究的积极结果不仅为西班牙的类似情况提供了见解,也为其他对EMI或双语教育感兴趣的国家提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
EFL Learners’ Modified Output and their Perceptions of Recast during Face-to-Face, Audio-based and Video-based Synchronous Mobile-mediated Communication 在面对面、基于音频和视频的同步移动媒介交流中,英语学习者的修改输出及其重铸感知
Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.55593/ej.25100a5
Javad Behesht Aeen, Ehsan Rassaei, Mohammad Javad Riasati, M. Zamanian
Taking into account the facilitative role of mobile-mediated communication for promoting EFL learners’ L2 development, this study investigated Iranian EFL learners’ perceptions of recast and their modified output through face-to-face, audio, and video-based mobile-mediated communication. To this end, sixty intermediate EFL learners at two different language institutes were selected. They were randomly assigned into three groups namely, face-to-face, audio- and video-based conditions. During mobile-mediated interactions in three sessions, the participants received recasts for their errors, and then listened to the recorded episodes of their incorrect utterances followed by interlocutors’ feedback via stimulated recall interviews. Afterwards, learners’ stimulated recall interviews were collected in relation to learners’ perceptions of recasts they received. The results of Chi-Square analysis revealed that the audio-based group had more accurate perceptions of recasts provided to them compared to the other two groups. Moreover, the analysis of learners’ modified output indicated no statistical significance among the three groups. The study concluded that mobile-delivered recasts can be considered as noticeable to EFL learners as the conventional face-to-face ones.
考虑到移动媒介交流对促进英语学习者第二语言发展的促进作用,本研究调查了伊朗英语学习者通过面对面、音频和视频移动媒介交流对英语复述的看法及其修改后的输出。为此,我们选择了来自两所不同语言学院的60名中级英语学习者。他们被随机分为三组,分别是面对面、音频和视频。在三个以手机为媒介的互动过程中,参与者接受了错误的重播,然后听取了他们错误话语的录音片段,然后通过刺激回忆访谈听取了对话者的反馈。然后,收集学习者的刺激回忆访谈,以了解学习者对他们收到的重铸的感知。卡方分析的结果显示,与其他两组相比,基于音频的组对提供给他们的重铸有更准确的感知。此外,对三组学习者修改输出的分析也没有统计学意义。该研究得出的结论是,对于英语学习者来说,手机语音复述与传统的面对面语音复述一样引人注目。
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引用次数: 0
Explain Everything (Software review} 解释一切(软件审查)
Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.55593/ej25100m1
Ali Asiri
Using technology in teaching may help to meet the expectations that traditional education is unable to fulfill (Gunuç & Babacan, 2018). Therefore, in designing computer-assisted language learning (CALL), teachers may consider how technology might support standards and learning outcomes. This review focuses on educational technology standards for English language learners to evaluate the Explain Everything application. The criteria for review have been curated and adopted from the TESOL Technology Standards Framework (Healey et al., 2008). These criteria focus on performing basic functions, working collaboratively and individually, and providing opportunities to create content. Here is a list of the curated criteria: The app provides opportunities to perform basic functions on digital devices; The app provides opportunities to use technology-based productivity tools collaboratively and individually in order to enhance their language learning competence; and The app provides opportunities to create content to share online or offline. This review will be divided into three sections: first, a general description of Explain Everything is presented. In the second section, I will evaluate the program based on the criteria. In the last section, the review will provide some general recommendations for language teachers to consider if they decide to use Explain Everything.
在教学中使用技术可能有助于满足传统教育无法实现的期望(Gunuç & Babacan, 2018)。因此,在设计计算机辅助语言学习(CALL)时,教师可以考虑技术如何支持标准和学习成果。本文着重讨论了英语学习者评价Explain Everything应用的教育技术标准。审查标准是从TESOL技术标准框架(Healey et al., 2008)中策划和采用的。这些标准侧重于基本功能的执行、协同工作和单独工作,以及提供创建内容的机会。以下是拟定的标准清单:该应用程序提供了在数字设备上执行基本功能的机会;该应用程序提供了合作和个人使用基于技术的生产力工具的机会,以提高他们的语言学习能力;该应用程序提供了创建内容以在线或离线分享的机会。这篇综述将分为三个部分:首先,对Explain Everything进行概述。在第二部分,我将根据这些标准来评估这个项目。在最后一部分,回顾将提供一些一般性建议,供语言教师考虑是否决定使用Explain Everything。
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引用次数: 0
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对外汉语教学与研究
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