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2019 IEEE SENSORS最新文献

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Piezoelectric sensor front-end for energy-efficient acquisition of ultrasonic emissions related to water-stress in plants 用于高效采集植物水分胁迫相关超声发射的压电传感器前端
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956671
D. Oletić, V. Bilas
Formation of embolisms in plant’s xylem water transport vessels is considered a major cause of plant mortality due to water-stress. Passive ultrasonic acoustic emissions (AE) monitoring shows the most potential for field-quantification of embolism level. However, this requires designing energy-efficient embedded hardware for autonomous high-speed ultrasonic AE acquisition, processing, and storage. In this paper we present a piezoelectric sensor interface for triggered AE acquisition at 2 MS/s. Its design requirements were assessed by laboratory dehydration experiments on grapevine pot-plants. An embedded prototype was design and characterized. The proposed architecture enables event-based acquisition of AE within 120-550 kHz band, at 5.7 mW average power, and 717 ns wakeup-latency.
植物木质部输水血管栓塞的形成被认为是植物因水分胁迫而死亡的主要原因。被动超声声发射(AE)监测显示最有潜力的现场量化栓塞水平。然而,这需要设计节能的嵌入式硬件来实现自主高速超声声发射采集、处理和存储。本文提出了一种用于2ms /s触发声发射采集的压电传感器接口。通过室内葡萄藤盆栽脱水试验,对其设计要求进行了评价。设计并表征了嵌入式样机。所提出的架构能够在120-550 kHz频带内基于事件的声发射采集,平均功率为5.7 mW,唤醒延迟为717 ns。
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引用次数: 3
Single-step CVD synthesis of layered WS2 films for NO2 gas sensing 二氧化氮气敏层状WS2膜的单步CVD合成
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956602
Aanchal Alagh, F. Annanouch, E. Llobet
Recently layered inorganic materials analogues to graphene such as two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) have emerged as promising building blocks for the gas sensing industry. Indeed, they show impressive semiconducting properties, tunable band gap, large surface area and excellent gas adsorbing capacities. Herein, we report for the first time, on a single step synthesis of 3D assembly of layered WS2 sensing material, via hydrogen free, atmospheric pressure CVD technique, directly on silicon oxide substrate for NO2 resistive gas sensing application. E-SEM, EDX and Raman spectroscopy were used to investigate the morphology and composition of the grown material. Demonstration of WS2 sensor towards one of the most pollutant gases (NO2) showed promising results with high sensitivity and low detection limit below 20 ppb.
最近,类似石墨烯的层状无机材料,如二维过渡金属二硫族化物(2D TMDs),已成为气敏行业的重要组成部分。事实上,它们表现出令人印象深刻的半导体特性、可调带隙、大表面积和优异的气体吸附能力。本文首次报道了利用无氢常压CVD技术,直接在氧化硅衬底上一步合成了层状WS2传感材料的三维组装,用于NO2电阻气体传感应用。利用E-SEM、EDX和拉曼光谱研究了生长材料的形貌和组成。对污染最严重的气体之一NO2的WS2传感器的演示显示出高灵敏度和低于20 ppb的低检测限的良好结果。
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引用次数: 2
Efficiently User-Independent Ultrasonic-Based Gesture Recognition Algorithm 高效的独立于用户的超声手势识别算法
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956774
Feifei Zhou, Xiangyu Li, Zhihua Wang
A low-complexity gesture recognition algorithm robust to temporal variations of motions is proposed for ultrasonic sensing based free air gesture human-computer interface in this paper. During training and testing, it aligns the features extracted from the range-Doppler map of each frame with the template sequence of each class by dynamic time warping in advance. For each class, a two-class random forest that makes prediction according to the aligned features is trained. Experiments show that the proposed classifier trained by 6 people has a better leave-one-out cross validation accuracy compared with the competitors. It can identify 8 gestures with 93.9% accuracy in 37 ms on PC. Its model size is 5.8 Mbytes.
针对基于超声波传感的自由空气手势人机界面,提出了一种对运动时间变化具有鲁棒性的低复杂度手势识别算法。在训练和测试过程中,通过对每一帧的距离-多普勒图提取的特征进行动态时间扭曲,将其与每一类的模板序列对齐。对于每个类,训练一个两类随机森林,根据对齐的特征进行预测。实验表明,与竞争对手相比,6人训练的分类器具有更好的留一交叉验证准确率。在PC上,它能在37 ms内识别出8种手势,准确率为93.9%。其模型大小为5.8 mb。
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引用次数: 5
Platinum Balanced Cantilever-based Thermal Conductivity Detector for Gas Chromatography Application 铂平衡悬臂式气相色谱热导检测器的应用
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956779
Ardalan Lotfi, C. Heist, Alexander Warren, M. Navaei, P. Hesketh
In this paper, we present the design, fabrication and experimental evaluation of a platinum balanced cantilever-based TCD. The TCD is fabricated by sandwiching a thin layer of Al2O3 between platinum layers. The residual stress in platinum films were used to keep the cantilever flat. The miniaturization and geometric design of the TCD facilitates high operating temperature of 300 ºC with a power consumption of 8 mW. The sensor’s sensitivity to temperature and flow rate changes was evaluated for several operating temperatures, 105, 140 and 300 ºC. It revealed that sensitivity to temperature changes decreases as the sensor’s operating temperature increases. The TCD was connected to a GC system to compare its detection performance with a standard FID for a hydrocarbon mixture. The platinum balanced TCD also succeeded in detecting 5 ppm of ammonia.
本文介绍了一种基于铂平衡悬臂梁的TCD的设计、制造和实验评价。TCD是通过在铂层之间夹一层薄薄的Al2O3来制造的。利用铂膜的残余应力使悬臂梁保持平面。TCD的小型化和几何设计有助于300ºC的高工作温度和8 mW的功耗。在105ºC、140ºC和300ºC的工作温度下,对传感器对温度和流量变化的灵敏度进行了评估。结果表明,随着传感器工作温度的升高,对温度变化的灵敏度降低。将TCD连接到气相色谱系统,与标准FID对碳氢化合物混合物的检测性能进行比较。铂平衡TCD也成功地检测了5 ppm的氨。
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引用次数: 1
Fluid microstructure interaction based air flow sensor 基于流体微观结构相互作用的气流传感器
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956692
Keshava Praveena Neriya Hegade, R. Natalia, B. Wehba, R. Bhat, M. Packirisamy
Fluid structure interaction (FSI) of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microcantilever under fluid flow was studied for air flow sensing application. 3x8x0.250 mm microcantilever was used for the study. A low speed mini wind tunnel which provides laminar flow inside the test section was used. The micro cantilever was subjected to fluid load with flow rate up to 360ml/s. COMSOL simulation was performed using FSI module to test the microcantilever deflection. It was found that the deflection of the microcantilever beam increases with increase in fluid flowrate. Experimental result are in agreement with simulation results.
研究了聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)微悬臂梁在流体流动下的流固相互作用(FSI),并将其应用于气流传感。研究采用3x8x0.250 mm微悬臂梁。在试验段内采用了提供层流的低速微型风洞。微悬臂梁承受流速高达360ml/s的流体载荷。利用FSI模块进行COMSOL模拟,测试微悬臂梁挠度。结果表明,微悬臂梁的挠度随流体流量的增加而增大。实验结果与仿真结果吻合较好。
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引用次数: 0
Bistable Hydrogel-based Sensor Switch for Monitoring Relative Humidity 用于监测相对湿度的双稳态水凝胶传感器开关
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956498
N. Gulnizkij, G. Gerlach
This contribution presents a hydrogel-based bistable sensor switch with a switching hysteresis for the measurement of the relative humidity via a moisture-sensitive swellable material in ambient air. The sensor enables the continuous inline monitoring and control of the relative humidity, for example in buildings and containers. Since the required energy is taken from the environment, the sensor does not need any internal electrical energy supply for the monitoring of the relative humidity and the operation. To protect the sensor from arcing and damage the contacts have to close or open very fast, i.e. the sensor has to show a switching hysteresis. This contribution deals with the principle concept of a sensor switch and the implementation of such a switching hysteresis based on a mono-/bimorph beam partly covered with hydrogel. For that, it provides a simple mathematical model to describe the switching in dependence on the geometry parameters and the material properties of the sensor. The switching hysteresis is implemented by a pre-deflection due to an axial force and by buckling resulting from the hydrogel swelling. To prove the switching hysteresis a macroscopic sensor switch was studied and, from the results, the mathematical model was validated. Based on the obtained results a miniaturized silicon-based sensor switch is proposed.
该贡献提出了一种基于水凝胶的双稳态传感器开关,该开关具有开关滞后,可通过环境空气中的湿度敏感可膨胀材料测量相对湿度。该传感器能够连续在线监测和控制相对湿度,例如在建筑物和集装箱中。由于所需的能量来自环境,因此传感器不需要任何内部电能供应来监测相对湿度和运行。为了保护传感器免受电弧和损坏,触点必须非常快地闭合或打开,即传感器必须显示开关滞后。该贡献涉及传感器开关的原理概念以及基于部分覆盖水凝胶的单/双晶束的开关滞后的实现。为此,它提供了一个简单的数学模型来描述依赖于传感器几何参数和材料特性的开关。开关迟滞是通过轴向力引起的预挠曲和水凝胶膨胀引起的屈曲来实现的。为了证明开关迟滞性,研究了一个宏观传感器开关,并从结果中验证了数学模型。在此基础上,提出了一种小型化的硅基传感器开关。
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引用次数: 0
Disconnect Switch Position Sensor Based on FBG 基于光纤光栅的断开开关位置传感器
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956678
R. Mok, Pedro Silveira, A. Dante, J. Vargas, T. Trovão, Renato T. Bellini, C. Carvalho, R. Allil, M. Werneck
This work presents a development of an optical monitoring system based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) for monitoring the state position and temperature of substations high voltage disconnector switches (DS). Since the sensor is made purely of optical and mechanical components, it can be installed at high voltage environments. The sensor is developed to be installed in the contact base of the DS. The transducer is based on a cantilever beam, in which a pair of FBGs is bonded to its opposing sides and a movable mechanism that deflects it. During the closing state, the movable part of DS makes contact with the base and pushes movable mechanism of the sensor, deflecting the beam. Furthermore, FBGs are intrinsically temperature sensitive, measurement of the mechanical-electric contact temperature can be estimated by the wavelength shifts. A software developed in LabVIEW was used for the acquisition and processing of the data coming from the pair do FBGs. The proposed sensor was tested in a laboratory apparatus and the obtained results showed that the developed system is capable to identify three operating states of the DS: open, completely closed and partially closed, states.
本文介绍了一种基于光纤光栅(FBG)的变电站高压隔离开关(DS)状态位置和温度监测系统的研制。由于传感器纯粹由光学和机械部件组成,因此可以安装在高压环境中。该传感器是为安装在DS的触点底座上而开发的。换能器基于一个悬臂梁,其中一对fbg连接在其相对的两侧,并有一个可移动的机构使其偏转。在关闭状态下,DS的活动部分与底座接触,推动传感器的活动机构,使光束偏转。此外,fbg本质上是温度敏感的,可以通过波长位移来估计机电接触温度的测量。利用LabVIEW开发的软件对两组fbg的数据进行采集和处理。所提出的传感器在实验室设备上进行了测试,结果表明所开发的系统能够识别DS的三种工作状态:打开、完全关闭和部分关闭状态。
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引用次数: 0
Phononic Frequency Combs For Engineering MEMS/NEMS Devices With Tunable Sensitivity 用于灵敏度可调的工程MEMS/NEMS器件的声子频率梳
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956642
A. Ganesan, A. Seshia, J. Gorman
Over the past two decades, MEMS resonators have received considerable attention for physical, chemical and biological sensing applications. Typically, the operation of MEMS resonant sensors relies on the tracking of a resonance frequency using a feedback oscillator. The sensitivity of these sensors is limited by physical parametric variations, as in the Young’s modulus, and noise in the oscillator circuit, such that improvement in the sensitivity can require significant effort in the design, fabrication, ovenization, and control of the resonator. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate an alternative sensing approach based on a newly documented physical phenomenon, ‘phononic frequency combs’, where the sensitivity can be actively tuned by the drive conditions. In addition, the spectral response of frequency combs enables an ‘N+1’ fold enhancement in the sensitivity, with ‘2N+1’ being the number of spectral lines associated with a frequency comb.
在过去的二十年里,MEMS谐振器在物理、化学和生物传感应用中受到了相当大的关注。通常,MEMS谐振传感器的工作依赖于使用反馈振荡器跟踪谐振频率。这些传感器的灵敏度受到物理参数变化的限制,如杨氏模量和振荡器电路中的噪声,因此灵敏度的提高需要在谐振器的设计、制造、加热和控制方面做出重大努力。在本文中,我们通过实验证明了一种基于新记录的物理现象“声子频率梳”的替代传感方法,其中灵敏度可以通过驱动条件主动调谐。此外,频率梳的频谱响应使灵敏度提高了“N+1”倍,其中“2N+1”是与频率梳相关的谱线数。
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引用次数: 2
Micro Piezoelectric-capacitive Sensors for Highsensitivity Measurement of Space Electric Fields 用于空间电场高灵敏度测量的微压电-电容传感器
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956711
Zhifei Han, F. Xue, Junqing Yang, Jun Hu, Jinliang He
High-sensitivity and miniaturized measurement of electric fields is important for applications in power grid such as lightning waveform capturing and electrical equipment monitoring. In addition, the demand of wide-area information measurement in smart grid also necessitates the development of miniaturized and noncontact sensors. So far, there have already been a variety of electric-field sensing devices. However, these approaches meet the challenges of large size and low sensitivity. To solve the problem, this paper proposed a new electric-field sensor based on piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric effect enables the conversion of electric fields into piezoelectric material deformations and then the air-gap capacitances in the device. The results indicate that the electric-field micro sensor can reach a high sensitivity of 30 V/m. The side length of the sensor chip can be as small as a few millimeters. Owing to the feasibility in mass production of the proposed sensor, it can potentially be extended to the industrial applications in power grid.
电场的高灵敏度和小型化测量对于雷电波形捕获和电气设备监测等电网应用具有重要意义。此外,智能电网对广域信息测量的需求也要求传感器的小型化和非接触式的发展。到目前为止,已经出现了各种各样的电场传感装置。然而,这些方法都面临着尺寸大、灵敏度低的挑战。为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种基于压电效应的新型电场传感器。压电效应使电场转化为压电材料变形,进而转化为器件中的气隙电容。结果表明,该电场微传感器可达到30 V/m的高灵敏度。传感器芯片的边长可以小到几毫米。由于该传感器具有量产的可行性,因此有可能扩展到电网的工业应用。
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引用次数: 5
PolSAR Band-to-Band Image Translation Using Conditional Adversarial Networks 基于条件对抗网络的PolSAR波段图像转换
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956702
Anery Patel, Maitreya Patel, Tushar Gadhiya, A. Roy
PolSAR image captured at different frequency bands contains varied information of the same target object. It has been reported that multi-frequency PolSAR data incurs high acquisition costs and computational requirements. In this paper, we put forward a novel concept of PolSAR band-to-band image translation to synthesize multi-frequency PolSAR images from a single frequency PolSAR image. Our proposed method uses PolSAR images captured at a particular frequency to generate its representation in different frequency bands based on image representation and target understanding. We leverage a deep neural network, particularly conditional adversarial network to perform the task. Our proposed framework shows promising results on AIRSAR dataset both qualitatively in terms of visual similarity and quantitatively in terms of root mean square error(RMSE).
在不同频段捕获的PolSAR图像包含同一目标物体的不同信息。据报道,多频率PolSAR数据的获取成本和计算需求很高。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的PolSAR波段图像平移的概念,将单频的PolSAR图像合成为多频的PolSAR图像。我们提出的方法使用在特定频率捕获的PolSAR图像,在图像表示和目标理解的基础上生成其在不同频段的表示。我们利用深度神经网络,特别是条件对抗网络来执行任务。我们提出的框架在AIRSAR数据集上显示了有希望的结果,无论是定性的视觉相似性还是定量的均方根误差(RMSE)。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2019 IEEE SENSORS
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