Pub Date : 2019-06-02DOI: 10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700886
J. Russer, M. Haider, C. Jirauschek, P. Russer
The prospects of quantum simulation and design of complex electromagnetic structures is discussed. Quantum superposition and entanglement has the potential of high parallelism and efficiency in CAD. The transmission line matrix (TLM) scheme for EM field simulation provides a basis for a quantum algorithm for EM field modeling. The implementation and problems to be solved are discussed.
{"title":"On the Possibility of Quantum Simulation of Electromagnetic Structures","authors":"J. Russer, M. Haider, C. Jirauschek, P. Russer","doi":"10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700886","url":null,"abstract":"The prospects of quantum simulation and design of complex electromagnetic structures is discussed. Quantum superposition and entanglement has the potential of high parallelism and efficiency in CAD. The transmission line matrix (TLM) scheme for EM field simulation provides a basis for a quantum algorithm for EM field modeling. The implementation and problems to be solved are discussed.","PeriodicalId":6720,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)","volume":"41 1","pages":"267-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83648463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-02DOI: 10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700983
M. Gardill, Johannes Schwendner, Jonas Fuchs
A commercial chirp-sequence automotive radar sensor is reconfigured to allow for time-frequency analysis of the 77GHz automotive radar bands. Due to its low cost and compact size the proposed approach allows for in-situ interception and time-frequency analysis of radar signals in arbitrary traffic scenarios, e.g. by mounting the sensor in a test vehicle exactly at the positions where the radar sensors would be mounted. The theory behind the modification is discussed and compared with measurements. Time-frequency spectra of a rural road driving scenario obtained with the proposed system are shown to illustrate the practical relevance and usefulness of the approach.
{"title":"In-Situ Time-Frequency Analysis of the 77 GHz Bands using a Commercial Chirp-Sequence Automotive FMCW Radar Sensor","authors":"M. Gardill, Johannes Schwendner, Jonas Fuchs","doi":"10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700983","url":null,"abstract":"A commercial chirp-sequence automotive radar sensor is reconfigured to allow for time-frequency analysis of the 77GHz automotive radar bands. Due to its low cost and compact size the proposed approach allows for in-situ interception and time-frequency analysis of radar signals in arbitrary traffic scenarios, e.g. by mounting the sensor in a test vehicle exactly at the positions where the radar sensors would be mounted. The theory behind the modification is discussed and compared with measurements. Time-frequency spectra of a rural road driving scenario obtained with the proposed system are shown to illustrate the practical relevance and usefulness of the approach.","PeriodicalId":6720,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)","volume":"4 1","pages":"544-547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83563784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-02DOI: 10.1109/mwsym.2019.8701040
T. Sharma, S. Dhar, R. Darraji, D. Holmes, V. Mallette, Jeffrey K. Jones, F. Ghannouchi
This paper introduces the Class O2 power amplifier (PA) with high power-density and drain efficiency. A new waveform engineering-based design approach is proposed to realize a reliable high-efficiency PA operation while tuning both second and third harmonic impedances to open-circuit termination. The proposed theory derives the intrinsic current and voltage waveforms as a function of input second-harmonic tuning which is adopted to enable the realization of reliable Class O2 PA operation. A multi-harmonic vector load-pull system is used for the practical validation that is carried out using a 10-W gallium nitride (GaN) transistor. On load-pull, the Class O2 mode demonstrates a drain efficiency of 87% at an output power of 39.8 dBm with a gain of 10 dB at a frequency of 1.0 GHz.
{"title":"Novel High Efficiency Power Amplifier Mode Using Open Circuit Harmonic Loading","authors":"T. Sharma, S. Dhar, R. Darraji, D. Holmes, V. Mallette, Jeffrey K. Jones, F. Ghannouchi","doi":"10.1109/mwsym.2019.8701040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2019.8701040","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the Class O2 power amplifier (PA) with high power-density and drain efficiency. A new waveform engineering-based design approach is proposed to realize a reliable high-efficiency PA operation while tuning both second and third harmonic impedances to open-circuit termination. The proposed theory derives the intrinsic current and voltage waveforms as a function of input second-harmonic tuning which is adopted to enable the realization of reliable Class O2 PA operation. A multi-harmonic vector load-pull system is used for the practical validation that is carried out using a 10-W gallium nitride (GaN) transistor. On load-pull, the Class O2 mode demonstrates a drain efficiency of 87% at an output power of 39.8 dBm with a gain of 10 dB at a frequency of 1.0 GHz.","PeriodicalId":6720,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)","volume":"11 3 1","pages":"79-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84081508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-02DOI: 10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700921
A. Tang, Yanghyo Kim, Yan Zhang, R. Huang, M. Chang
This paper presents a fully integrated single-chip radar transceiver (including waveform generation) in 65nm CMOS technology. The single chip radar employs synchronously switched digitally controlled artificial dielectric (DiCAD) in order to extend the FMCW chirp bandwidth leading to higher axial radar resolutions. Measurements with a prototype device demonstrate a factor of 2 increase in chirp bandwidth although increase by larger factors is possible. The entire radar chip occupies 2.5 x 1.7 mm of silicon area and consumes 320 mW of DC power.
{"title":"A W-Band FMCW Radar System-on-Chip Employing Synchronized Switching Digitally Controlled Artificial Dielectric for Chirp","authors":"A. Tang, Yanghyo Kim, Yan Zhang, R. Huang, M. Chang","doi":"10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700921","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a fully integrated single-chip radar transceiver (including waveform generation) in 65nm CMOS technology. The single chip radar employs synchronously switched digitally controlled artificial dielectric (DiCAD) in order to extend the FMCW chirp bandwidth leading to higher axial radar resolutions. Measurements with a prototype device demonstrate a factor of 2 increase in chirp bandwidth although increase by larger factors is possible. The entire radar chip occupies 2.5 x 1.7 mm of silicon area and consumes 320 mW of DC power.","PeriodicalId":6720,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"677-679"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81229454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-02DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2019.8700986
J. Stegner, M. Fischer, S. Gropp, U. Stehr, J. Müller, M. Hoffmann, M. Hein
The ongoing technical need for miniaturisation and the increasing number of wireless standards and frequency bands implemented in modern radio-frequency (RF) transceiver systems drive the need for highly integrated circuit technologies with high performance. Especially low-phase noise oscillators, which are required at nearly all frequencies in multi-band RF modules, often consist of components using different technologies, e.g., micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators and microelectronic circuits, usually with one resonator per output frequency. This paper presents the compact implementation of a multi-frequency MEMS oscillator on a silicon-ceramic composite substrate, tailored to the construction of multi-physical RF modules. MEMS devices and microelectronic circuits are fabricated and assembled on opposite sides of the same substrate, in order to nearly halve the substrate area used. The benefits of integrated circuits for switching, frequency doubling, and dividing increase the scope of functions by keeping the module size nearly constant. This results in a highly integrated oscillator module with optimised phase-noise performance.
{"title":"Highly Integrated RF-MEMS Multi-Frequency Oscillator on a Silicon-Ceramic Composite Substrate","authors":"J. Stegner, M. Fischer, S. Gropp, U. Stehr, J. Müller, M. Hoffmann, M. Hein","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2019.8700986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2019.8700986","url":null,"abstract":"The ongoing technical need for miniaturisation and the increasing number of wireless standards and frequency bands implemented in modern radio-frequency (RF) transceiver systems drive the need for highly integrated circuit technologies with high performance. Especially low-phase noise oscillators, which are required at nearly all frequencies in multi-band RF modules, often consist of components using different technologies, e.g., micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators and microelectronic circuits, usually with one resonator per output frequency. This paper presents the compact implementation of a multi-frequency MEMS oscillator on a silicon-ceramic composite substrate, tailored to the construction of multi-physical RF modules. MEMS devices and microelectronic circuits are fabricated and assembled on opposite sides of the same substrate, in order to nearly halve the substrate area used. The benefits of integrated circuits for switching, frequency doubling, and dividing increase the scope of functions by keeping the module size nearly constant. This results in a highly integrated oscillator module with optimised phase-noise performance.","PeriodicalId":6720,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)","volume":"36 1","pages":"782-785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78849765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-02DOI: 10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700950
A. Hirata, M. Nakashizuka, K. Suizu, Yoshikazu Sudo
This paper presents non-destructive millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging of sub-millimeter wide cracks on concrete surface that are covered by paper. Measurement of near-field scattering of 76.5-GHz-MMW signal at cracks enables the detection of sub-millimeter wide cracks. The decrease of received power due to near-field scattering is small, therefore the MMW image contrast of fine surface concrete cracks is not clear. We found that standing wave occurs between the sample surface and the antenna, and received power increases by the near-field scattering caused by the surface crack in case the antenna locates around the node of the standing wave. The MMW image contrast of the cracks improved by up to 3 dB by calculating the difference of two MMW images that are obtained with different paper thickness or different antenna height.
{"title":"Improvement of Detection in Concrete Surface Cracks Covered with Paper by Using Standing Wave of 77-GHz-Band Millimeter-Wave","authors":"A. Hirata, M. Nakashizuka, K. Suizu, Yoshikazu Sudo","doi":"10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700950","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents non-destructive millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging of sub-millimeter wide cracks on concrete surface that are covered by paper. Measurement of near-field scattering of 76.5-GHz-MMW signal at cracks enables the detection of sub-millimeter wide cracks. The decrease of received power due to near-field scattering is small, therefore the MMW image contrast of fine surface concrete cracks is not clear. We found that standing wave occurs between the sample surface and the antenna, and received power increases by the near-field scattering caused by the surface crack in case the antenna locates around the node of the standing wave. The MMW image contrast of the cracks improved by up to 3 dB by calculating the difference of two MMW images that are obtained with different paper thickness or different antenna height.","PeriodicalId":6720,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)","volume":"129 1","pages":"297-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88343990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-02DOI: 10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700889
L. Piotrowsky, T. Jaeschke, S. Kuppers, N. Pohl
In this paper an algorithm for accurate distance estimation using a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is presented. First, a phase calibration of the radio and intermediate frequency path transfer function compensates for distance dependent effects. The unambiguous frequency of the target is used for range cell estimation and the ambiguous but highly accurate and precise target phase is combined with this range cell information.To demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed signal processing chain, distance measurements using an 80 GHz wideband FMCW radar sensor with a movable target and a maximum measurement range of up to 5 m have been carried out. The target is mounted on a precision linear track and the position is laser interferometer referenced. For free space measurements with a target in about 1.2 to 5 m distance, the unambiguous single measurement accuracy has been improved from about ±400 µm to ±8 µm. A potential application of a radar system using this algorithm is the online measurement of machine tools.
{"title":"An Unambiguous Phase-Based Algorithm for Single-Digit Micron Accuracy Distance Measurements using FMCW Radar","authors":"L. Piotrowsky, T. Jaeschke, S. Kuppers, N. Pohl","doi":"10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700889","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper an algorithm for accurate distance estimation using a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is presented. First, a phase calibration of the radio and intermediate frequency path transfer function compensates for distance dependent effects. The unambiguous frequency of the target is used for range cell estimation and the ambiguous but highly accurate and precise target phase is combined with this range cell information.To demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed signal processing chain, distance measurements using an 80 GHz wideband FMCW radar sensor with a movable target and a maximum measurement range of up to 5 m have been carried out. The target is mounted on a precision linear track and the position is laser interferometer referenced. For free space measurements with a target in about 1.2 to 5 m distance, the unambiguous single measurement accuracy has been improved from about ±400 µm to ±8 µm. A potential application of a radar system using this algorithm is the online measurement of machine tools.","PeriodicalId":6720,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)","volume":"25 1","pages":"552-555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79647317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-02DOI: 10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700725
J. P. Santos, F. Fereidoony, M. Hedayati, Y. Wang
The RF bandwidth of systems that are constrained into electrically small volumes are often limited to the resonance bandwidth dictated by the radiation quality-factor of the antenna according to Chu’s limit. Still, many systems, both legacy and emerging, such as in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), require the ability to communicate amongst various systems that may not contain the available electrical volume to support conventional transmission of desired signals. We propose a novel electrically small antenna enabled through Direct Antenna Modulation (DAM). The design of the system utilizes a capacitively loaded loop antenna (CLLA) integrated with symmetrical high-power and high figure-of-merit (FOM) GaN transistors that optimally modulate an input BFSK signal to allow for high-bandwidth radiation, despite the radiation Q-factor of the antenna. The system was prototyped and measured, achieving a 47 efficiency-bandwidth product improvement over a conventional CLLA, surpassing aforementioned limits.
{"title":"High Efficiency Bandwidth Electrically Small Antennas for Compact Wireless Communication Systems","authors":"J. P. Santos, F. Fereidoony, M. Hedayati, Y. Wang","doi":"10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700725","url":null,"abstract":"The RF bandwidth of systems that are constrained into electrically small volumes are often limited to the resonance bandwidth dictated by the radiation quality-factor of the antenna according to Chu’s limit. Still, many systems, both legacy and emerging, such as in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), require the ability to communicate amongst various systems that may not contain the available electrical volume to support conventional transmission of desired signals. We propose a novel electrically small antenna enabled through Direct Antenna Modulation (DAM). The design of the system utilizes a capacitively loaded loop antenna (CLLA) integrated with symmetrical high-power and high figure-of-merit (FOM) GaN transistors that optimally modulate an input BFSK signal to allow for high-bandwidth radiation, despite the radiation Q-factor of the antenna. The system was prototyped and measured, achieving a 47 efficiency-bandwidth product improvement over a conventional CLLA, surpassing aforementioned limits.","PeriodicalId":6720,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)","volume":"91 2","pages":"83-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91423245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-02DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2019.8700781
A. Weiss, Dylan F. Williams, J. Quimby, R. Leonhardt, Thomas Choi, Zihang Cheng, K. Remley, A. Molisch, B. Jamroz, J. Rezac, P. Vouras, C. Zhang
We explore large-signal network analysis for the over-the-air test of up-converting and down-converting phased arrays. The approach first uses a vector network analyzer to characterize a three-dimensional test environment at RF. The vector network analyzer is then power- and phase-calibrated for the characterization of up-converting and down-converting phased arrays with an IF input or output. We illustrate the approach with measurements of a down-converting phased array.
{"title":"Large-Signal Network Analysis for Over-the-Air Test of Up-Converting and Down-Converting Phased Arrays","authors":"A. Weiss, Dylan F. Williams, J. Quimby, R. Leonhardt, Thomas Choi, Zihang Cheng, K. Remley, A. Molisch, B. Jamroz, J. Rezac, P. Vouras, C. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2019.8700781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2019.8700781","url":null,"abstract":"We explore large-signal network analysis for the over-the-air test of up-converting and down-converting phased arrays. The approach first uses a vector network analyzer to characterize a three-dimensional test environment at RF. The vector network analyzer is then power- and phase-calibrated for the characterization of up-converting and down-converting phased arrays with an IF input or output. We illustrate the approach with measurements of a down-converting phased array.","PeriodicalId":6720,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)","volume":"20 1","pages":"622-625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90340234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-02DOI: 10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700988
J. Jordan, S. Lynch, M. Clark, B. L. Cannon, Luis A. Adames, Darel Wrenn, Kimberly Jackson, Neal Erickson, Justin Clough, Darryl Brown, J. Rollin, P. Lopez, P. Boutet, M. Moretto
We present a monolithically fabricated PolyStrata®based 64x64 array composed of 4096 tightly coupled dipole Dband elements connected by a 4096-way reactive corporate feed network, operating over the 130-175 GHz frequency range. Measured farfield patterns, return loss and realized gain versus simulation are captured. Additionally, we demonstrate the repeatability of the fabrication process by reporting on the performance of multiple smaller 16x16 arrays fabricated on the same mask set. Monolithically fabricated PolyStrata®-based radiators can be an enabler for wafer-level scale arrays which require stable and well-matched input impedance, high efficiency and broadband performance.
{"title":"Monolithically Fabricated 4096-Element, PolyStrata® Broadband D-band Array Demonstrator","authors":"J. Jordan, S. Lynch, M. Clark, B. L. Cannon, Luis A. Adames, Darel Wrenn, Kimberly Jackson, Neal Erickson, Justin Clough, Darryl Brown, J. Rollin, P. Lopez, P. Boutet, M. Moretto","doi":"10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2019.8700988","url":null,"abstract":"We present a monolithically fabricated PolyStrata®based 64x64 array composed of 4096 tightly coupled dipole Dband elements connected by a 4096-way reactive corporate feed network, operating over the 130-175 GHz frequency range. Measured farfield patterns, return loss and realized gain versus simulation are captured. Additionally, we demonstrate the repeatability of the fabrication process by reporting on the performance of multiple smaller 16x16 arrays fabricated on the same mask set. Monolithically fabricated PolyStrata®-based radiators can be an enabler for wafer-level scale arrays which require stable and well-matched input impedance, high efficiency and broadband performance.","PeriodicalId":6720,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)","volume":"6 1","pages":"1060-1063"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91196217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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