Ahmad El Sayed Ahmad, J. Floch, A. Choumane, P. Morgand
This paper describes our contribution in the ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) project called GELOCOM (GEo-LOCalisation de telephOnes Mobiles) managed by the THALES Communications company, dedicated to the emergency localization of cellular phones. This contribution takes place in the field of antennas, with the development of broad-band systems: a circular array of six elements with separated outputs for the receiving part. In this paper, we present the design and the characterization of broad-band double ellipse array antenna. This special structure is chosen in order to obtain a good omnidirectional radiation pattern, enhance the gain and maximize the V/H polarization ratio. In comparison with the already existing antenna systems in the wireless market for similar purposes, the proposed antenna has considerably shown better performance which makes it competitive among other antenna models. For the design and optimization of antennas, we use CST MWS software. The antennas have been designed and successfully measured.
本文介绍了我们在ANR（Agence National de la Recherche）项目中的贡献，该项目名为GELOCOM（GEo LOCalisation de telephOnes Mobiles），由泰雷兹通信公司管理，致力于手机的紧急本地化。这一贡献发生在天线领域，随着宽带系统的发展：一个由六个元件组成的圆形阵列，其接收部分具有分离的输出。本文介绍了宽带双椭圆阵列天线的设计和特性。选择这种特殊的结构是为了获得良好的全向辐射方向图，提高增益并最大化V/H偏振比。与无线市场上用于类似目的的现有天线系统相比，所提出的天线表现出了更好的性能，这使其在其他天线型号中具有竞争力。对于天线的设计和优化，我们使用CST-MWS软件。天线已经设计并成功测量。
{"title":"Design of Ellipse Antenna Array for Cellular Phone Localization Systems","authors":"Ahmad El Sayed Ahmad, J. Floch, A. Choumane, P. Morgand","doi":"10.4236/wet.2020.112002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wet.2020.112002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes our contribution in the ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) project called GELOCOM (GEo-LOCalisation de telephOnes Mobiles) managed by the THALES Communications company, dedicated to the emergency localization of cellular phones. This contribution takes place in the field of antennas, with the development of broad-band systems: a circular array of six elements with separated outputs for the receiving part. In this paper, we present the design and the characterization of broad-band double ellipse array antenna. This special structure is chosen in order to obtain a good omnidirectional radiation pattern, enhance the gain and maximize the V/H polarization ratio. In comparison with the already existing antenna systems in the wireless market for similar purposes, the proposed antenna has considerably shown better performance which makes it competitive among other antenna models. For the design and optimization of antennas, we use CST MWS software. The antennas have been designed and successfully measured.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42615432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As antennas are inherently included recommended in Over-The-Air (OTA) testing, it is important to also consider realistic channel models for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) device performance evaluation. This paper aims to emulate realistic multi-Path propagation channels in terms of angles of arrivals (AoA) and cross-polarization ratio (XPR) with Rayleigh fading, inside an anechoic chamber, for antenna diversity measurements. In this purpose, a practical multi-probe anechoic chamber measurement system (MPAC) with 24 probe antennas (SATIMO SG24) has been used. However, the actual configuration of this system is not able to reproduce realistic channels. Therefore, a new method based on the control of the SG24 probes has been developed. At first time, this method has been validated numerically through the comparison of simulated and analytical AoA probability density distributions. At the second time, the performance of an antenna diversity system inside the SG24 has been performed in terms of the correlation coefficient and diversity gain (DG) using an antenna reference system. Simulated and measurements results have shown a good agreement.
{"title":"Emulation of Realistic Multi-Path Propagation Channels inside an Anechoic Chamber for Antenna Diversity Measurements","authors":"A. Choumane, Ahmad El Sayed Ahmad, K. Khoder","doi":"10.4236/wet.2020.111001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wet.2020.111001","url":null,"abstract":"As antennas are inherently included recommended in Over-The-Air (OTA) testing, it is important to also consider realistic channel models for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) device performance evaluation. This paper aims to emulate realistic multi-Path propagation channels in terms of angles of arrivals (AoA) and cross-polarization ratio (XPR) with Rayleigh fading, inside an anechoic chamber, for antenna diversity measurements. In this purpose, a practical multi-probe anechoic chamber measurement system (MPAC) with 24 probe antennas (SATIMO SG24) has been used. However, the actual configuration of this system is not able to reproduce realistic channels. Therefore, a new method based on the control of the SG24 probes has been developed. At first time, this method has been validated numerically through the comparison of simulated and analytical AoA probability density distributions. At the second time, the performance of an antenna diversity system inside the SG24 has been performed in terms of the correlation coefficient and diversity gain (DG) using an antenna reference system. Simulated and measurements results have shown a good agreement.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45066310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a novel method for polarized antenna transmission utilizing a differential technique. The method uses a linear cross-polarized antenna, for example, a vertical and horizontal polarized antenna, improving performance and power efficiency of wireless communications. Hence a linear relationship between the capacity of the systems and the number of cross-polarized antennas exists. The result shows the fact that this method enhances the SNR comparing to other systems. This solution is simple, compact and does not require any bandwidth expansion.
{"title":"Differential Cross-Polarized Wireless Communications","authors":"S. Ghadimi","doi":"10.4236/WET.2019.102003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2019.102003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel method for polarized antenna transmission utilizing a differential technique. The method uses a linear cross-polarized antenna, for example, a vertical and horizontal polarized antenna, improving performance and power efficiency of wireless communications. Hence a linear relationship between the capacity of the systems and the number of cross-polarized antennas exists. The result shows the fact that this method enhances the SNR comparing to other systems. This solution is simple, compact and does not require any bandwidth expansion.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48990065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we describe 2 kinds of printed dipole arrays and compare the performances of these arrays in term of reflexion coefficient, radiation pattern and dimensions. It is interesting to design array in order to obtain better performances in term of omnidirectional radiation pattern in comparison with single element. We choose this elementary source in order to obtain compact array with good performances. These antenna arrays are designed to have omnidirectional radiation pattern with horizontal polarization. We present an application dedicated to compact base station in the last section.
{"title":"Design of Printed Dipole Array for Omnidirectional Radiation Pattern","authors":"J. Floch","doi":"10.4236/WET.2019.102002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2019.102002","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe 2 kinds of printed dipole arrays and compare the performances of these arrays in term of reflexion coefficient, radiation pattern and dimensions. It is interesting to design array in order to obtain better performances in term of omnidirectional radiation pattern in comparison with single element. We choose this elementary source in order to obtain compact array with good performances. These antenna arrays are designed to have omnidirectional radiation pattern with horizontal polarization. We present an application dedicated to compact base station in the last section.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44647855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electronic commerce which denotes the process of electronic transaction via internet has led to a very significant improvement in the level of growth, development, efficiency and productivity of global economies. In order to benefit from the economic opportunities offered by electronic commerce, Nigerian government and business organizations needs to effectively integrate Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as the major component of e-commerce campaign initiatives. The discussion in the paper is centered on e-commerce and ICTs and their resultant effect on Nigeria’s economic growth and development. This paper has presented an in-depth discussion of the various types of e-commerce, the major contributions of e-commerce to the economic growth of Nigeria and finally the challenges that impede the growth of e-commerce in Nigeria were identified and the possible recommendations for solutions to those challenges were provided.
{"title":"The Roles of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and E-Commerce as Agents of Nigeria’s Economic Development: Review of Challenges and Prospects","authors":"B. Joseph","doi":"10.4236/wet.2019.103004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wet.2019.103004","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic commerce which denotes the process of electronic transaction via internet has led to a very significant improvement in the level of growth, development, efficiency and productivity of global economies. In order to benefit from the economic opportunities offered by electronic commerce, Nigerian government and business organizations needs to effectively integrate Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as the major component of e-commerce campaign initiatives. The discussion in the paper is centered on e-commerce and ICTs and their resultant effect on Nigeria’s economic growth and development. This paper has presented an in-depth discussion of the various types of e-commerce, the major contributions of e-commerce to the economic growth of Nigeria and finally the challenges that impede the growth of e-commerce in Nigeria were identified and the possible recommendations for solutions to those challenges were provided.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Šećerov, D. Dolinaj, D. Pavić, D. Milošević, S. Savić, Srdan Popov, Zarko Zivanov
Monitoring and recording large time series of data and making them available for studying—are the key roles of environmental monitoring systems. This study produce review of three different measurement monitoring systems (NSUNET, WAHASTRAT and MERIEXWA) with same design, which were placed during different time frame in the Northern Serbia (Vojvodina Province). Each of three monitoring systems has different demands and requirements which were addressed accordingly in their design. Power supply conditions for two systems are primary cells and solar panels, while NSUNET has constant power supply only during nighttime. Data is transmitted in MERIEXWA using binary protocol, WAHASTRAT using http, while NSUNET sends data over ftp. Same topology is used in all systems—each node sends data directly to the central location (in case of NSUNET two locations are provided for backup purposes). NSUNET system sends data using specific structure and stores them as plain text files. It also has different approach for time synchronization and monitoring issues. The main result of this study is to present how to create system that provides good quality and unchanged data from monitoring sensor to the end user while maintaining whole data structure transmission costs low. Furthermore, data collected from NSUNET were used in order to assess the influence of urbanization on regional climate modification, which leads to the creation of urban climate. Propositions for new system development combining best from all three systems are discussed.
{"title":"Environmental Monitoring Systems: Review and Future Development","authors":"I. Šećerov, D. Dolinaj, D. Pavić, D. Milošević, S. Savić, Srdan Popov, Zarko Zivanov","doi":"10.4236/wet.2019.101001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wet.2019.101001","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring and recording large time series of data and making them available for studying—are the key roles of environmental monitoring systems. This study produce review of three different measurement monitoring systems (NSUNET, WAHASTRAT and MERIEXWA) with same design, which were placed during different time frame in the Northern Serbia (Vojvodina Province). Each of three monitoring systems has different demands and requirements which were addressed accordingly in their design. Power supply conditions for two systems are primary cells and solar panels, while NSUNET has constant power supply only during nighttime. Data is transmitted in MERIEXWA using binary protocol, WAHASTRAT using http, while NSUNET sends data over ftp. Same topology is used in all systems—each node sends data directly to the central location (in case of NSUNET two locations are provided for backup purposes). NSUNET system sends data using specific structure and stores them as plain text files. It also has different approach for time synchronization and monitoring issues. The main result of this study is to present how to create system that provides good quality and unchanged data from monitoring sensor to the end user while maintaining whole data structure transmission costs low. Furthermore, data collected from NSUNET were used in order to assess the influence of urbanization on regional climate modification, which leads to the creation of urban climate. Propositions for new system development combining best from all three systems are discussed.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdulaziz Alshammari, M. Zohdy, D. Debnath, George P. Corser
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) enable wireless communication among Vehicles and Infrastructures. Connected vehicles are promising in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) and smart cities. The main ob-jective of VANET is to improve the safety, comfort, driving efficiency and waiting time on the road. VANET is unlike other ad hoc networks due to its unique characteristics and high mobility. However, it is vulnerable to various security attacks due to the lack of centralized infrastructure. This is a serious threat to the safety of road traffic. The Controller Area Network (CAN) is a bus communication protocol which defines a standard for reliable and efficient transmission between in-vehicle parts simultaneously. The message moves through CAN bus from one node to another node, but it does not have information about the source and destination address for authentication. Thus, the attacker can easily inject any message to lead to system faults. In this paper, we present machine learning techniques to cluster and classify the intrusions in VANET by KNN and SVM algorithms. The intrusion detection technique relies on the analysis of the offset ratio and time interval between the messages request and the response in the CAN.
{"title":"Classification Approach for Intrusion Detection in Vehicle Systems","authors":"Abdulaziz Alshammari, M. Zohdy, D. Debnath, George P. Corser","doi":"10.4236/WET.2018.94007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2018.94007","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) enable wireless communication among Vehicles and Infrastructures. Connected vehicles are promising in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) and smart cities. The main ob-jective of VANET is to improve the safety, comfort, driving efficiency and waiting time on the road. VANET is unlike other ad hoc networks due to its unique characteristics and high mobility. However, it is vulnerable to various security attacks due to the lack of centralized infrastructure. This is a serious threat to the safety of road traffic. The Controller Area Network (CAN) is a bus communication protocol which defines a standard for reliable and efficient transmission between in-vehicle parts simultaneously. The message moves through CAN bus from one node to another node, but it does not have information about the source and destination address for authentication. Thus, the attacker can easily inject any message to lead to system faults. In this paper, we present machine learning techniques to cluster and classify the intrusions in VANET by KNN and SVM algorithms. The intrusion detection technique relies on the analysis of the offset ratio and time interval between the messages request and the response in the CAN.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"09 1","pages":"79-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45651425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to avoid the undesired interference with the activities of the primary users in cognitive radio networks, the secondary users are required to be able to predict the behavior of the primary users so as to leave the channel before the arrival of such licensed owner of the spectrum. While a number of existing literatures on cognitive radio spectrum prediction employ the use of propagation curves for predicting the spectrum holes otherwise known as TV white space, these models are built based on measurements conducted in regions that are different from Nigeria, suitability in terms of usage may therefore vary due to environmental factors and terrain profile. This work evaluates the efficacy of the developed model in predicting the cognitive spectrum availability in Nigeria. Models capable of predicting spectrum occupancy in the time domain using discrete-time two-state Markov chain with an appropriate Duty Cycle (DC) model and also a modified m-bell shaped exponential equation were formulated. The result obtained in all cases considered shows that the formulated models are appropriate to be used in any environment if the parameters were carefully extracted from the data. This work has also demonstrated that the accuracy of Markov chain models depends on the level of usage of a spectrum under consideration and may therefore not give desirable results when employed in some other spectrum.
{"title":"On Evaluating the Efficacy of Predictive Models for Cognitive Radio Spectrum Availability in Nigeria","authors":"S. Okegbile, A. Oluwaranti, Segun Aina","doi":"10.4236/wet.2018.93005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wet.2018.93005","url":null,"abstract":"In order to avoid the undesired interference with the activities of the primary users in cognitive radio networks, the secondary users are required to be able to predict the behavior of the primary users so as to leave the channel before the arrival of such licensed owner of the spectrum. While a number of existing literatures on cognitive radio spectrum prediction employ the use of propagation curves for predicting the spectrum holes otherwise known as TV white space, these models are built based on measurements conducted in regions that are different from Nigeria, suitability in terms of usage may therefore vary due to environmental factors and terrain profile. This work evaluates the efficacy of the developed model in predicting the cognitive spectrum availability in Nigeria. Models capable of predicting spectrum occupancy in the time domain using discrete-time two-state Markov chain with an appropriate Duty Cycle (DC) model and also a modified m-bell shaped exponential equation were formulated. The result obtained in all cases considered shows that the formulated models are appropriate to be used in any environment if the parameters were carefully extracted from the data. This work has also demonstrated that the accuracy of Markov chain models depends on the level of usage of a spectrum under consideration and may therefore not give desirable results when employed in some other spectrum.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"09 1","pages":"49-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42059705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Nourinia, C. Ghobadi, B. Mohammadi, F. Alizadeh
This paper presents a detailed study of square reflect array (RA) antenna aperture efficiency (ηa). Effects of quantization-phase and limited phase-range errors on radiation pattern, half-power beam width (HPBW) and ηa for different feed locations are investigated. Results show an in-crease in side-lobe levels (SLLs) and a slightly reduction in ηa with quantization-phase augmentation or element phase-range reduction, however, the effects on HPBW are negligible. Nevertheless, the degradation in ηa is negligible when the quantization-phase is lower than 30° or phase-range is more than 300°. Parametric studies have been carried out to provide design guidelines to maximize ηa. It is perceived that the offset-angle plays an important role to determine ηa, especially for feed with narrow beam width.
{"title":"Aperture Efficiency Study of Square Reflect Array Antennas","authors":"J. Nourinia, C. Ghobadi, B. Mohammadi, F. Alizadeh","doi":"10.4236/WET.2018.93006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2018.93006","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a detailed study of square reflect array (RA) antenna aperture efficiency (ηa). Effects of quantization-phase and limited phase-range errors on radiation pattern, half-power beam width (HPBW) and ηa for different feed locations are investigated. Results show an in-crease in side-lobe levels (SLLs) and a slightly reduction in ηa with quantization-phase augmentation or element phase-range reduction, however, the effects on HPBW are negligible. Nevertheless, the degradation in ηa is negligible when the quantization-phase is lower than 30° or phase-range is more than 300°. Parametric studies have been carried out to provide design guidelines to maximize ηa. It is perceived that the offset-angle plays an important role to determine ηa, especially for feed with narrow beam width.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"09 1","pages":"66-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47320826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has revolutionized tremendously in the recent past with its major application in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). This has in the same dimension attracted immense interests from the researchers and technology providers. The operational modality of the WBANs is that a few sensor nodes are placed in or around the body and that they are meant to operate within a limited condition while providing high performance in terms of WBAN life time, high throughput, high data reliability, minimum or no delay and low power consumption. As most of the WBAN operates within the universal Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) Narrow Band (NB) wireless band (2.4 Ghz) frequency band, this has posed a challenge in respect to inter, intra and co-channel interference especially in dense areas and high mobility scenarios. As well the body posture changes dynamically due to these mobility effects. In this paper, we propose a hybrid WBAN interference mitigation model based on Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) Contention Window (CW) approach and User Priority (UP) queues. Using Omnet++ simulation, a comparison to the IEEE 802.15.6 based WBAN protocol is presented under the standing, walking sitting and Lying postural mobility scenarios. The results show that the proposed hybrid model outperforms IEEE 802.15.6 based CSMA/CA protocol in areas of network throughput, bandwidth efficiency and network delay in these mobility postures.
{"title":"Hybrid IEEE 802.15.6 Wireless Body Area Networks Interference Mitigation Model for High Mobility Interference Scenarios","authors":"Anthony Mile, G. Okeyo, Ann Kibe","doi":"10.4236/wet.2018.92004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wet.2018.92004","url":null,"abstract":"The field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has revolutionized tremendously in the recent past with its major application in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). This has in the same dimension attracted immense interests from the researchers and technology providers. The operational modality of the WBANs is that a few sensor nodes are placed in or around the body and that they are meant to operate within a limited condition while providing high performance in terms of WBAN life time, high throughput, high data reliability, minimum or no delay and low power consumption. As most of the WBAN operates within the universal Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) Narrow Band (NB) wireless band (2.4 Ghz) frequency band, this has posed a challenge in respect to inter, intra and co-channel interference especially in dense areas and high mobility scenarios. As well the body posture changes dynamically due to these mobility effects. In this paper, we propose a hybrid WBAN interference mitigation model based on Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) Contention Window (CW) approach and User Priority (UP) queues. Using Omnet++ simulation, a comparison to the IEEE 802.15.6 based WBAN protocol is presented under the standing, walking sitting and Lying postural mobility scenarios. The results show that the proposed hybrid model outperforms IEEE 802.15.6 based CSMA/CA protocol in areas of network throughput, bandwidth efficiency and network delay in these mobility postures.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"09 1","pages":"34-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43375405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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