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An array antenna for MIMO systems with a decoupling network using bridge susceptances 一种基于电桥电纳解耦网络的MIMO系统阵列天线
Pub Date : 2011-07-05 DOI: 10.1109/WIRELESSVITAE.2011.5940905
K. Kagoshima, S. Obote, A. Kagaya, K. Nishimura, N. Endo
Decoupling and matching feeding networks are considerably interested in small wireless terminals to enhance their abilities for MIMO systems. In various proposals of DMFN's, the feeding networks composed of bridge susceptances and transmission lines are simple. However, this DMFN has only been applied to the limited array with special characteristics. This paper presents general design formulas of the DMFN for the two elements and three elements arrays and fundamental numerical data are presented to assure the validity of the design formulas.
解耦和匹配馈电网络在小型无线终端中得到广泛应用,以提高其在MIMO系统中的应用能力。在DMFN的各种方案中,由桥式电纳和传输线组成的馈电网络都比较简单。然而,这种DMFN仅应用于具有特殊特性的有限阵列。本文给出了二元阵和三元阵DMFN的一般设计公式,并给出了基本的数值数据,以保证设计公式的有效性。
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引用次数: 8
Considerations over implementing IEEE 802.21 on a device powered by a mobile operating system 在移动操作系统驱动的设备上实现IEEE 802.21的考虑
Pub Date : 2011-07-05 DOI: 10.1109/WIRELESSVITAE.2011.5940880
Valentin Andrei, E. Popovici, O. Fratu, S. Halunga, Mihai Gavrilescu
During the last years, software applications performing scenarios related to vertical handovers were revealed. However, the great majority of these demonstrators were designed and optimized for multimode notebooks, having a fair amount of processing power. This article aims to describe on how to implement and optimize the main components of the IEEE 802.21 standard on a device like a smartphone powered by a mobile operating system. Performance evaluations were made in this purpose showing reasonable delays, taking us one step closer to achieving a seamless vertical handover on a mobile terminal.
在过去几年中,揭示了执行与垂直移交相关的场景的软件应用程序。然而,这些演示品中的绝大多数都是针对多模式笔记本电脑设计和优化的,具有相当大的处理能力。本文旨在描述如何在由移动操作系统驱动的智能手机等设备上实现和优化IEEE 802.21标准的主要组件。为此进行了性能评估,显示出合理的延迟,使我们离实现移动终端上的无缝垂直切换更近了一步。
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引用次数: 3
IEEE Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DYSPAN) standards committee IEEE动态频谱接入网络(DYSPAN)标准委员会
Pub Date : 2011-07-05 DOI: 10.1109/WIRELESSVITAE.2011.5940881
H. Harada, Y. Alemseged, O. Holland
This article presents the latest status and achievements of the IEEE Communication Society (ComSoc) Standards for Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DYSPAN), formerly IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 41, that develops standards in the areas of dynamic spectrum access, cognitive radio, interference management, coordination of wireless systems, advanced spectrum management, and policy languages for next generation radio systems under the sponsorship of the IEEE communications society. The article also envisions future directions for the DYSPAN Committee. This paper represents the personal opinion of the authors, not the official opinion of the IEEE ComSoc DYSPAN standards committee.
本文介绍了IEEE通信协会(ComSoc)动态频谱接入网络标准(DYSPAN)的最新现状和成就,该标准的前身是IEEE标准协调委员会41,在IEEE通信协会的赞助下,在动态频谱接入、认知无线电、干扰管理、无线系统协调、高级频谱管理和下一代无线电系统政策语言等领域制定标准。该条还设想了DYSPAN委员会的未来方向。本文仅代表作者个人观点,不代表IEEE ComSoc DYSPAN标准委员会的官方观点。
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引用次数: 2
Efficacy of multivariate cryptosystems for DWSN 多元密码系统在DWSN中的有效性
Pub Date : 2011-07-05 DOI: 10.1109/WIRELESSVITAE.2011.5940862
Pradheepkumar Singaravelu, S. Verma
Dynamic wireless sensor networks (DWSN) is a network of thousands tiny sensor devices deployed in a hostile environment. This network is mainly used for large scale environment monitoring. Security is vital for such networks. However, traditional cryptographic algorithms are resource intensive. They need large computation and require large memory and bandwidth. To address the problems of security in resource limited DWSN, different types of multivariate cryptosystems are proposed. The viability of multivariate cryptosystems for DWSN are examined. Results have indicated that the multivariate cryptosystems are attractive for DWSN. In this paper, efficacy of different multivariate cryptosystems for DWSN has been evaluated. In contrast to other multivariate cryptosystems schemes, rainbow multivariate scheme requires low computational power and reduced storage overheads. Simulation results also show that rainbow multivariate scheme can maximize throughput to achieve short latency for a particular interval of time.
动态无线传感器网络(DWSN)是由部署在恶劣环境中的数千个微型传感器设备组成的网络。该网络主要用于大规模环境监测。安全对这类网络至关重要。然而,传统的加密算法是资源密集型的。它们需要大量的计算,需要大量的内存和带宽。为了解决资源有限的分布式wsn中的安全问题,提出了不同类型的多元密码体制。研究了多变量密码系统在DWSN中的可行性。结果表明,多元密码体制对DWSN具有吸引力。本文对不同的多元密码体制在DWSN中的有效性进行了评价。与其他多变量密码系统方案相比,彩虹多变量方案需要较低的计算能力和较低的存储开销。仿真结果还表明,彩虹多变量方案可以最大限度地提高吞吐量,实现特定时间间隔内的短延迟。
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引用次数: 1
A jamming defending data-forwarding scheme for delay sensitive applications in WSN 无线传感器网络中时延敏感应用的抗干扰数据转发方案
Pub Date : 2011-07-05 DOI: 10.1109/WIRELESSVITAE.2011.5940919
Amrita Ghosal, Subir Halder, Md. Mobashir, Rajesh K. Saraogi, S. DasBit
Wireless sensor network (WSN) has emerged as an important application area where nodes are generally placed in an unattended environment and therefore are vulnerable to attack by adversaries. Moreover in real time application domains delay even by fraction of a second may deceive the purpose of the application. Therefore, designing an attack-defending scheme for WSN without involving any additional delay in data-forwarding is an important challenge in this domain. The present work proposes a data-forwarding scheme having no additional delay to defend jamming attack in WSN. The scheme considers a multilayer architecture where the layers are made up of hexagonal cells each containing sensor nodes in the form of clusters. The nodes are randomly deployed throughout the network and clusters are formed so that every cell hosts two sets of clusters operating in two different predefined frequencies. We have provided design guideline to determine cell size in terms of network parameters. This guideline ensures that for a cluster head there is at least another cluster head at one-hop distance towards the sink and thereby ensures data-forwarding in shortest path. During data-forwarding, if a frequency is jammed, the cluster operating in that frequency becomes inoperative and the other cluster acts as back-up. We claim that the scheme defends jamming attack without incurring any additional delay and the claim is substantiated through simulation.
无线传感器网络(WSN)已成为一个重要的应用领域,其节点通常放置在无人值守的环境中,因此容易受到攻击者的攻击。此外,在实时应用程序领域中,即使是几分之一秒的延迟也可能欺骗应用程序的目的。因此,设计一种不增加数据转发延迟的WSN攻击防御方案是该领域的一个重要挑战。针对无线传感器网络中的干扰攻击,提出了一种无附加延迟的数据转发方案。该方案考虑了多层体系结构,其中层由六边形单元组成,每个单元以簇的形式包含传感器节点。节点在整个网络中随机部署,并形成集群,以便每个单元承载两组以两种不同的预定义频率运行的集群。我们提供了根据网络参数确定单元大小的设计指南。该准则确保对于一个簇头来说,至少有另一个簇头在与汇聚的一跳距离上,从而确保数据在最短路径上转发。在数据转发过程中,如果某个频率被阻塞,在该频率上运行的集群将失效,而另一个集群将充当备份。我们声称该方案在不产生任何额外延迟的情况下防御了干扰攻击,并通过仿真证实了这一说法。
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引用次数: 11
Path selection in wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Network using fuzzy and rough set theory 基于模糊和粗糙集理论的无线移动自组网路径选择
Pub Date : 2011-07-05 DOI: 10.1109/WIRELESSVITAE.2011.5940820
P. Seethalakshmi, M. Gomathi, G. Rajendran
Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that dynamically forms a network. Many routing protocols exist to find the shortest path using various resources. A novel approach based on fuzzy and rough set theory is described in this work for the selection of effective routing paths using minimum number of resources. This paper shows the rough set technique that can be employed to generate simple rules and to remove irrelevant attributes (resources) for evaluating the best routing paths. An example is also given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
移动自组网(MANET)是无线移动节点动态组成网络的集合。存在许多路由协议来利用各种资源找到最短路径。本文提出了一种基于模糊和粗糙集理论的路径选择方法。本文展示了粗糙集技术,它可以用来生成简单的规则和去除不相关的属性(资源)来评估最佳路由路径。最后通过一个算例说明了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
Foster creative engineers by PBL: A case study of student satellite project (AAUSAT3) at Aalborg University in Denmark PBL培养创新工程师:丹麦奥尔堡大学学生卫星项目(AAUSAT3)的案例研究
Pub Date : 2011-07-05 DOI: 10.1109/WIRELESSVITAE.2011.5940808
C. Zhou, J. Nielsen, A. Kolmos
In recent years, Problem and Project Based Learning (PBL) has been employed by a growing number of educational institutions to foster creative engineers. This paper aims to explore how PBL can develop creativity in engineering education. Accordingly, a qualitative case study was carried out with a student satellite project (AAUSAT3) in the department of electronic systems at Aalborg University in Denmark. Multiple methods including interviews and observation were employed. The analysis of the empirical data leads to the findings and discussions that PBL can foster creative engineers by providing conditions of problem analysis and solving, the shift from teaching to learning and team based projects. This research therefore contributes to both theory and practice in the PBL setting of engineering education.
近年来,越来越多的教育机构采用基于问题和项目的学习(PBL)来培养有创造力的工程师。本文旨在探讨PBL如何在工程教育中培养创造力。因此,对丹麦奥尔堡大学电子系统系的一个学生卫星项目(AAUSAT3)进行了定性个案研究。采用访谈、观察等多种方法。通过对实证数据的分析,我们发现和讨论了PBL可以通过提供分析和解决问题的条件、从教到学的转变以及基于团队的项目来培养创造性工程师。因此,本研究对工程教学PBL的理论和实践都有贡献。
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引用次数: 6
How to find an optimal threshold for SSB algorithm 如何为SSB算法找到一个最优阈值
Pub Date : 2011-07-05 DOI: 10.1109/WIRELESSVITAE.2011.5940888
Jian-Hong Wang, Yang-Sheng Chen, Yu-Shuang Wong, Hsing-Wen Wang, Der-Jiunn Deng
Slow Start Backoff (SSB) Algorithm is a simple, efficient, distributed, and well performing medium access control (MAC) layer protocol designed for ad-hoc wireless networks to share the medium. SSB is able to alleviate intensive collisions in high load environments, and SSB can also minimize the average channel access delay in light load environments. Compare with the traditional binary exponential backoff (BEB) algorithm, SSB provides better performance over a wider range of network condition. In this paper, we introduce an analytical model to analysis the saturation throughput of SSB algorithm, and then we use this analytical model to find out an optimal value of threshold for SSB algorithm that maximizes the network capacity based on the current channel status. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of SSB protocol. The results confirm that the performance of SSB can be greatly improved by proper choice of the threshold according to the current channel status. Besides, the results also show the SSB algorithm outperforms the traditional BEB algorithm and its variants in both high load and light load environments when its threshold is optimal.
慢启动退退(Slow Start Backoff, SSB)算法是一种简单、高效、分布式、性能良好的介质访问控制(MAC)层协议,专为ad-hoc无线网络共享介质而设计。SSB可以缓解高负载环境下的密集碰撞,也可以最小化轻负载环境下的平均信道访问延迟。与传统的二进制指数回退(BEB)算法相比,SSB算法在更广泛的网络条件下提供了更好的性能。本文引入解析模型对SSB算法的饱和吞吐量进行分析,然后根据当前信道状态,利用该解析模型求出使网络容量最大化的SSB算法的最优阈值。通过仿真来评估SSB协议的性能。结果表明,根据当前信道状态选择合适的阈值可以大大提高SSB的性能。此外,在阈值最优的情况下,SSB算法在高负载和轻负载环境下均优于传统的BEB算法及其变体。
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引用次数: 0
Peer evaluation and Peer review to support PBL teamwork 同行评估和同行评审以支持PBL团队合作
Pub Date : 2011-07-05 DOI: 10.1109/WIRELESSVITAE.2011.5940815
E. de Graaff, G. Saunders-Smits
In a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) curriculum in engineering, students work together as a project team. By doing that they have the opportunity to exercise teamwork competencies, like project management and communication skills while studying various engineering topics. In this process feedback is essential in order to stimulate the students. However, the lecturers do not witness all the interactions in the group and also it takes a lot of time to give extensive feedback. Peer review and Peer evaluation method enable teachers to assess teamwork competencies more completely and more time efficient. An extra benefit is that the students learn to take responsibility for assessing the value of contributions to the team efforts. Based on a research project at TU Delft in the Netherlands, this paper will present a variety of Peer evaluation and Peer review instruments and discuss their potential in supporting the PBL group process.
在基于问题的学习(PBL)工程课程中,学生作为一个项目团队一起工作。通过这样做,他们有机会锻炼团队合作能力,如项目管理和沟通技巧,同时学习各种工程主题。在这个过程中,为了激发学生,反馈是必不可少的。然而,讲师并不能见证小组中所有的互动,也需要花费大量的时间来给予广泛的反馈。同伴评议和同伴评价方法使教师能够更全面、更省时地评估团队合作能力。一个额外的好处是,学生们学会了承担责任来评估对团队努力的贡献的价值。基于荷兰代尔夫特理工大学的一个研究项目,本文将介绍各种同行评估和同行评审工具,并讨论它们在支持PBL小组过程中的潜力。
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引用次数: 5
Design of LC-VCO for low power narrowband electronic applications 低功耗窄带电子应用的LC-VCO设计
Pub Date : 2011-07-05 DOI: 10.1109/WIRELESSVITAE.2011.5940827
Dhrub Solanki, R. Chandel, T. Alam, A. Nishad
A low power, low phase-noise Inductance Capacitance voltage controlled oscillator (LC-VCO) is demonstrated on 180 nm CMOS Technology node. By using external current biasing it is not feasible to obtain low power and noise characteristic simultaneously. Therefore, low power and low phase noise characteristics are achieved by using the current mirror is being used. Also to reduce the power modifications is being done in the traditional LC-VCO structure. The VCO designed is operating at 12.5 GHz with tuning range of 7.75% which will useful for wireless narrowband applications. The phase noise attained is −117 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz offset from 12.5GHz oscillation frequency. The power dissipation is 0.1114mW for 1.8V supply voltage. The figure of merit for this LC-VCO is nearly 175. The present oscillator is the best amongst the various CMOS oscillators referred to from literature in terms of the power dissipation and frequency of oscillation.
在180nm CMOS技术节点上实现了一种低功耗、低相位噪声的电感-电容压控振荡器(LC-VCO)。采用外部偏置电流是无法同时获得低功耗和低噪声特性的。因此,低功耗和低相位噪声的特性是通过使用电流反射镜来实现的。此外,为了减少功率,传统的LC-VCO结构也在进行修改。设计的VCO工作频率为12.5 GHz,调谐范围为7.75%,可用于无线窄带应用。在离12.5GHz振荡频率1 kHz偏移时,相位噪声为- 117 dBc/Hz。电源电压为1.8V时,功耗为0.1114mW。这个LC-VCO的优点值接近175。从功耗和振荡频率方面来看,本振荡器是文献中提到的各种CMOS振荡器中最好的。
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引用次数: 0
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无线互联科技
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