Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330952
R. de Castro, J. Brembeck, R. Araújo
This work proposes a new control framework for power converters with a dual half bridge (DHB) configuration. The new framework exploits the multi-port structure of the DHB to simultaneously: i) regulate the current in the primary side of the DHB and ii) equalize the voltage in the two secondary ports of the DHB. To implement these functions, we combine input-output linearization methods with pragmatic voltage balance algorithms. We then apply this framework to a hybrid energy storage system composed of a battery pack and two supercapacitor modules. Numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in regulating the power between the energy storage units and balancing the supercapacitors’ voltages.
{"title":"Nonlinear Control of Dual Half Bridge Converters in Hybrid Energy Storage Systems","authors":"R. de Castro, J. Brembeck, R. Araújo","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330952","url":null,"abstract":"This work proposes a new control framework for power converters with a dual half bridge (DHB) configuration. The new framework exploits the multi-port structure of the DHB to simultaneously: i) regulate the current in the primary side of the DHB and ii) equalize the voltage in the two secondary ports of the DHB. To implement these functions, we combine input-output linearization methods with pragmatic voltage balance algorithms. We then apply this framework to a hybrid energy storage system composed of a battery pack and two supercapacitor modules. Numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in regulating the power between the energy storage units and balancing the supercapacitors’ voltages.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82234907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330905
Lakhdar Mamouri, T. Mesbahi, P. Bartholomeus, Theophile Paul
The work proposed in this paper deals with the influence of a DC/DC power converter choice on the performance of the Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) in electric vehicle applications. The HESS is composed of Li-ion battery and supercapacitor coupled to a DC/DC power converter. A basic study of the different association topologies between the HESS and the power converters is carried out. Then, an improved method of designing power converters using the PowerForge professional platform is developed in parallel with MATLAB environments. Finally, a comparison of the estimated number of supercapacitor and battery cells, weight and volume of the HESS for different driving cycles (ARTEMIS, WLTP, NEDC, FTP-75) is made. The obtained results, show the good performance and the time saving of the power converters sizing methods used and confirm the feasibility of our approach.
{"title":"Design of a DC/DC Power Converter for Li-ion Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System in Electric Vehicles","authors":"Lakhdar Mamouri, T. Mesbahi, P. Bartholomeus, Theophile Paul","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330905","url":null,"abstract":"The work proposed in this paper deals with the influence of a DC/DC power converter choice on the performance of the Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) in electric vehicle applications. The HESS is composed of Li-ion battery and supercapacitor coupled to a DC/DC power converter. A basic study of the different association topologies between the HESS and the power converters is carried out. Then, an improved method of designing power converters using the PowerForge professional platform is developed in parallel with MATLAB environments. Finally, a comparison of the estimated number of supercapacitor and battery cells, weight and volume of the HESS for different driving cycles (ARTEMIS, WLTP, NEDC, FTP-75) is made. The obtained results, show the good performance and the time saving of the power converters sizing methods used and confirm the feasibility of our approach.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82397048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330866
Yu Ai, Jianqiang Liu, Jingxi Yang, T. Zheng
In this paper, a frequency adaption control strategy for the power electronic traction transformer (PETT) is proposed, where the real-time value of the grid frequency can be estimated by the frequency-locked-loop (FLL), then the center frequencies of the resonant regulators in the current inner loop and the second-order generalized integrators in the phase-locked-loop (PLL) can be adaptive regulated. In order to suppress the dc offset brought in by the sampling process, the dc-offset rejecters are respectively designed and embedded in the current-inner-loop controller and PLL. The discretization form of the proposed control strategy is also derived, by which the corresponding difference equations can be acquired and applied in the digital control chips conveniently. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified by the simulation and experiment results.
{"title":"Frequency Adaption Control Strategy for the Power Electronic Traction Transformer","authors":"Yu Ai, Jianqiang Liu, Jingxi Yang, T. Zheng","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330866","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a frequency adaption control strategy for the power electronic traction transformer (PETT) is proposed, where the real-time value of the grid frequency can be estimated by the frequency-locked-loop (FLL), then the center frequencies of the resonant regulators in the current inner loop and the second-order generalized integrators in the phase-locked-loop (PLL) can be adaptive regulated. In order to suppress the dc offset brought in by the sampling process, the dc-offset rejecters are respectively designed and embedded in the current-inner-loop controller and PLL. The discretization form of the proposed control strategy is also derived, by which the corresponding difference equations can be acquired and applied in the digital control chips conveniently. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified by the simulation and experiment results.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82586976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330925
Tao Jiang, Guang Yang, Yong-Jun Tang, Chuanyu Tang, Tianru Wang, Jinlei Sun
This paper proposes a battery pack equalization method based on wireless power transfer (WPT). Compared with the traditional wired equalization method, the proposed method can realize the physical isolation between the power supply and the battery, which makes the equalization safer and more convenient. Firstly, this paper studies the battery equalization method aiming at the balance of state of charge (SOC). Secondly, in order to ensure the stability of equalization current and facilitate the SOC estimation based on equalization, a closed-loop feedback control is adopted on the primary side of the wireless equalization system. Thirdly, simulation is conducted to verify the wireless equalization system. The simulation results show that constant current equalization can be achieved using the proposed wireless equalization system with single battery, or battery pack of 2 or 3 batteries connected in series. Besides, all the SOCs equal in 1080 seconds with maximum 0.15 initial SOC imbalance.
{"title":"Simulation on Wireless Power Transfer based Battery Pack Equalization with SOC Quantitative Regulation","authors":"Tao Jiang, Guang Yang, Yong-Jun Tang, Chuanyu Tang, Tianru Wang, Jinlei Sun","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330925","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a battery pack equalization method based on wireless power transfer (WPT). Compared with the traditional wired equalization method, the proposed method can realize the physical isolation between the power supply and the battery, which makes the equalization safer and more convenient. Firstly, this paper studies the battery equalization method aiming at the balance of state of charge (SOC). Secondly, in order to ensure the stability of equalization current and facilitate the SOC estimation based on equalization, a closed-loop feedback control is adopted on the primary side of the wireless equalization system. Thirdly, simulation is conducted to verify the wireless equalization system. The simulation results show that constant current equalization can be achieved using the proposed wireless equalization system with single battery, or battery pack of 2 or 3 batteries connected in series. Besides, all the SOCs equal in 1080 seconds with maximum 0.15 initial SOC imbalance.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80191188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330825
R. Chaumont, T. Letrouvé
SNCF, the French railway company aims to reduce its impact on the grid and participate to new energy businesses. To do so, the implementation of Virtual Power Plants has been studied to identify the opportunities for the railway infrastructures and more specifically stationary Energy Storage Systems (ESS). The goal is to add Demand-Response (DR) capabilities to this system with a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) aggregating the available power to enable flexibility and real-time valorization on the energy market. Before deploying the VPP, a test environment must be developed. A detailed model of the site has been made in laboratory environment and runs on a HIL platform allowing real-time operations and realistic decisions on VPP side. The communication is ensured by a standard IoT protocol allowing fast and secure data transmission. Finally, the energy market and Transmission System Operator (TSO) offers for DR are emulated, along with the SIGALi’s model and provides tailored results for best profits.
{"title":"“Virtual Power Plant integration and test bench for railway Smart Grid applied to stationary Energy Storage Systems and Stations”","authors":"R. Chaumont, T. Letrouvé","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330825","url":null,"abstract":"SNCF, the French railway company aims to reduce its impact on the grid and participate to new energy businesses. To do so, the implementation of Virtual Power Plants has been studied to identify the opportunities for the railway infrastructures and more specifically stationary Energy Storage Systems (ESS). The goal is to add Demand-Response (DR) capabilities to this system with a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) aggregating the available power to enable flexibility and real-time valorization on the energy market. Before deploying the VPP, a test environment must be developed. A detailed model of the site has been made in laboratory environment and runs on a HIL platform allowing real-time operations and realistic decisions on VPP side. The communication is ensured by a standard IoT protocol allowing fast and secure data transmission. Finally, the energy market and Transmission System Operator (TSO) offers for DR are emulated, along with the SIGALi’s model and provides tailored results for best profits.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88700396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330911
J. A. López-Ibarra, H. Gaztañaga, Andoni Saez de Ibarra, H. Camblong
Learning based energy management strategies are promising methods, due to the design complexity minimization and learning capability from historical data. This paper aims to experimentally validate a learning based neuro-fuzzy energy management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric buses. With the aim to minimize computation cost and further improve the energy management strategy, this energy management strategy is designed based on the dynamic programming optimal operation of different auxiliary consumption levels, designed based on the neuro-fuzzy learning technique. The developed learning based neuro-fuzzy energy management strategy has been implemented into a physical control hardware and validated in real-time, managing the energetic operation of an emulated plug-in hybrid electric bus. Fuel consumption decrease of 10.32% has been achieved compared to a charge-depleting charge-sustaining energy management strategy.
{"title":"Hardware-in-the-Loop Experimental Validation of a Learning based Neuro-Fuzzy Energy Management Strategy for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Buses","authors":"J. A. López-Ibarra, H. Gaztañaga, Andoni Saez de Ibarra, H. Camblong","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330911","url":null,"abstract":"Learning based energy management strategies are promising methods, due to the design complexity minimization and learning capability from historical data. This paper aims to experimentally validate a learning based neuro-fuzzy energy management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric buses. With the aim to minimize computation cost and further improve the energy management strategy, this energy management strategy is designed based on the dynamic programming optimal operation of different auxiliary consumption levels, designed based on the neuro-fuzzy learning technique. The developed learning based neuro-fuzzy energy management strategy has been implemented into a physical control hardware and validated in real-time, managing the energetic operation of an emulated plug-in hybrid electric bus. Fuel consumption decrease of 10.32% has been achieved compared to a charge-depleting charge-sustaining energy management strategy.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91165485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330835
Peng Jun, Liang Yifeng, Li Weiye
A method for calculating the loss of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) under Inverter supplied is proposed. It includes calculation of voltage waveform and transient current waveform under multi-mode PWM modulation, and the current waveform is taken as excitation to be input to the finite element simulation model, Then stator core loss, rotor core loss, permanent magnet eddy current loss and stator winding loss considering skin effect are calculated in finite element simulation. The calculated values of the prototype agree well with the measured data and verify the feasibility of the calculation method.
{"title":"Calculate for Inverter supplied Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor losses","authors":"Peng Jun, Liang Yifeng, Li Weiye","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330835","url":null,"abstract":"A method for calculating the loss of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) under Inverter supplied is proposed. It includes calculation of voltage waveform and transient current waveform under multi-mode PWM modulation, and the current waveform is taken as excitation to be input to the finite element simulation model, Then stator core loss, rotor core loss, permanent magnet eddy current loss and stator winding loss considering skin effect are calculated in finite element simulation. The calculated values of the prototype agree well with the measured data and verify the feasibility of the calculation method.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"79 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90280101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330942
M. Martens, Korbinian König-Petermaier
In this paper, the influence of rotor current on the noise excitation in electrically excited synchronous machines is analyzed. For this purpose, the air gap flux density is calculated throughout the machine operating range and used to calculate the radial and tangential pressures on one representative stator tooth. The rotor flux linkage interacts with the stator flux-linkage in d-axis, enabling influence on air gap flux density and pressure harmonic content and amplitude. Finally, a characteristic operating point of torque and rotational speed is chosen for which all possible current combinations are determined, and compared in their resulting noise-exciting pressures. Using different criteria, three optimal current combinations for the operating point are determined, and the resulting trade-off between machine efficiency and reduced noise excitation analyzed. It is shown that while reducing efficiency, the method may be used for avoiding machine resonances at select operating points.
{"title":"Influence of rotor current on noise excitation in electrically-excited synchronous machines","authors":"M. Martens, Korbinian König-Petermaier","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330942","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the influence of rotor current on the noise excitation in electrically excited synchronous machines is analyzed. For this purpose, the air gap flux density is calculated throughout the machine operating range and used to calculate the radial and tangential pressures on one representative stator tooth. The rotor flux linkage interacts with the stator flux-linkage in d-axis, enabling influence on air gap flux density and pressure harmonic content and amplitude. Finally, a characteristic operating point of torque and rotational speed is chosen for which all possible current combinations are determined, and compared in their resulting noise-exciting pressures. Using different criteria, three optimal current combinations for the operating point are determined, and the resulting trade-off between machine efficiency and reduced noise excitation analyzed. It is shown that while reducing efficiency, the method may be used for avoiding machine resonances at select operating points.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87323131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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