ACS Applied Nano Materials最新文献

This protocol is a comprehensive account of the intricate processes involved in the rational design, synthesis, and characterization of anisotropic metallic carbon materials. The materials were derived through the hydrolytic oxidation of graphene sheets, followed by self-assembly and mild annealing. The resulting products are highly percolated carbon networks that preserve the essential basal area of the source graphene. Structured into various sections, this document aims to furnish detailed insights crucial for supporting further investigations into these carbon materials. In particular, it highlights the key distinctions from conventional graphite/graphene oxidation protocols, offering a deeper understanding and ensuring the reproducibility of our seminal findings. We believe this differentiation is crucial to preventing the generalization of these materials from the outset, a limitation widely reported in the graphene oxide family and a major source of their inconsistencies, particularly in commercial products.

The development of selective, ultrasensitive, and reliable sensing strategies for trace-level detection of hazardous pesticides is crucial for ensuring food safety and effective environmental monitoring. Herein, we report a dual-mode fluorescence/surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) aptasensing platform for omethoate (OM) detection based on thiol-functionalized aptamer-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-Apt) and sulfur-doped graphene quantum dots (S-GQDs). The sensing system is constructed through strong Au–S affinity interactions, resulting in the efficient fluorescence quenching of S-GQDs in the assembled state. Upon OM-specific aptamer recognition, structural switching of the aptamer induces the formation of a Au-Apt/OM complex and the simultaneous release of S-GQDs, leading to fluorescence recovery and the generation of a strong SERS signal from OM localized within plasmonic hotspots. The fluorescence mode exhibits a linear response over the OM concentration range of 1–20 ppb with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.7 ppb, while the SERS mode achieves an ultralow LOD of 0.05 ppb, representing a significant improvement over most previously reported fluorescence- or SERS-based OM sensors. The dual-mode platform exhibits excellent signal reproducibility, effective probe recoverability, and reliable analytical performance in complex matrices, as demonstrated through real-sample analysis of water and fruit extracts. By integration of complementary fluorescence and SERS readouts with distinct linear response ranges, this work provides a robust and cross-validated sensing strategy that minimizes false-negative results and enhances analytical confidence. The proposed dual-mode aptasensor offers a promising approach for practical pesticide residue monitoring and can be readily extended to other targets by rational aptamer selection.

This study proposes a scheme for designing a nanometer-sized metasurface broadband absorber from ultraviolet (UV) to mid-infrared (MIR) using genetic algorithm (GA) optimization based on physical model constraints. A GA was used for the multiparameter optimization of the meta-atom (with a period of 200 nm and nanoscale layer thickness) to improve the broadband spectrum response of the absorber. This study adds several constraint conditions based on the simplified physical model to accelerate the GA optimization process, addressing current challenges in metasurface absorber design optimization, such as computational efficiency and cost, data dependence, and lack of physical models. The results are in line with expectations, and the broadband spectrum response of the nanoscale absorber was significantly improved using low-cost computational resources, indicating the effectiveness and feasibility of the scheme. This work facilitates the design and optimization of metasurface absorbers with enhanced broadband absorption, providing a path for faster development of low-cost nanoscale broadband absorbers.

Tin phosphorus selenide (SnP₂Se₆), a member of the metal phosphorus trichalcogenide family, is garnering significant interest due to its wide bandgap and promising physical properties for use in stable, broadband optoelectronics. This work investigates SnP₂Se₆ thin flakes of varying thicknesses, analyzing them with Raman spectroscopy and measuring the spectral responses of fabricated photodetectors. Raman measurements revealed no notable peak shifts as a function of flake thickness, indicating structural stability. However, the SnP₂Se₆ photodetectors demonstrated a significant redshift in cutoff wavelength─ranging from 640 to 900 nm─as the flake thickness increased. This redshift corresponds to a tunable bandgap of approximately 1.4 to 1.9 eV. A strong positive correlation (Pearson’s R = 0.94) is observed between the number of layers and the redshift in cutoff wavelength. These results confirm the potential of SnP₂Se₆ as a stable, tunable, and multifunctional two-dimensional semiconductor for broadband optoelectronic applications.

This work presents the development of NiFe-layered double hydroxides (NiFe-LDHs) as a highly effective peroxidase mimic for the rapid and sensitive colorimetric detection of D-amino acids. The nanozyme was synthesized via a simple coprecipitation method and thoroughly characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We integrated the NiFe-LDHs into an origami microfluidic paper-based analytical device (O-μPAD) featuring a laser-printed hydrophobic barrier. This platform spatially separates the enzymatic generation of H₂O₂ by D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) from the subsequent nanozyme-catalyzed oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine, preventing cross contamination and enabling multianalyte detection. The assay requires only a single drop of human serum or saliva, which is applied to the device housed in a custom acrylic mold. The resulting green color change, proportional to the D-amino acid concentration, is quantified using a smartphone camera within a controlled lightbox. The method demonstrated wide linear ranges for D-proline and D-alanine (0.01–5.0 mM) with low detection limits of 0.002 mM and 0.002 mM, respectively. By combining the catalytic activity of NiFe-LDHs with the portability of O-μPADs and the ubiquity of smartphone detection, this work provides a powerful and practical platform for multiplexed analysis of multiple biomarkers in point-of-care diagnostics.

Indium gallium phosphide (InGaP) alloyed quantum dots (QDs) are considered promising alternatives to indium phosphide (InP) QDs owing to their wider bandgap and potential for broad visible-light absorption. The conventional synthesis often results in an undesired InP/GaP core–shell structure rather than InGaP alloys without careful precursor design due to the higher reactivity of indium compared to gallium. Here, we introduce a tailored indium precursor, indium tris(bis(trimethylsilyl)amide) (In(btsa)₃), which reacts with tris(dimethylamino)phosphine (P(DMA)₃) and gallium iodide (GaI₃) to enable the one-step, low-temperature synthesis of InGaP alloyed cores. Using this precursor, we successfully synthesized green-emitting InGaP-based core–shell QDs with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 74%, a full width at half-maximum (fwhm) of 43 nm, and a peak emission of 525 nm. When integrated as the emissive layer in a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) device, the QDs achieved a peak luminance of 1361 cd m^–2 and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 1.71%.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment is often compromised by acquired resistance and, in the context of photothermal therapy (PTT), by tumor thermotolerance─a protective stress response mediated by the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). To address this dual challenge, we developed a multifunctional nanoplatform (Cu₉S₈@Lum NPs) that synergistically integrates NIR-II PTT with HSP90 inhibition. This nanosystem is based on a Cu₉S₈ nanocore with high photothermal conversion efficiency, loaded with the HSP90 inhibitor Luminespib and designed for pH-responsive drug release. This spatiotemporally coordinated strategy enables concurrent tumor hyperthermia and molecular interference with the heat-shock defense mechanism. In vitro, the nanoparticles effectively suppressed HSP90 expression, exacerbated cellular oxidative stress, and induced mitochondrial apoptosis, resulting in markedly enhanced cytotoxicity compared to PTT alone. In vivo, the nanoplatform demonstrated effective tumor accumulation and, under mild NIR-II irradiation, achieved significant tumor growth inhibition in a syngeneic model. This work presents a mechanism-informed nanomaterial strategy to overcome thermotolerance in NSCLC, advancing the development of synergistic cancer nanotherapeutics.

Soft robots driven by ambient energy have garnered significant attention. As core components of soft robots, soft actuators often suffer from unstable mechanical properties, complex fabrication processes, and restricted driving modes. Here, we present a soft actuator constructed from a composite nanofilm comprising aluminum (Al)-coated nanoforests (Al@NFs), Nylon-6 (PA6), and Al. Benefiting from the superhydrophilicity (with a contact angle of 8° and water spreading within 0.2 s) and high light absorption (average of 85% in a spectrum covering from visible to infrared) of the Al@NFs, the actuator achieves rapid and reversible deformation under both humidity and light stimuli, enabling dual-mode actuation. The actuator exhibits response rates of 23.06°/s to excessive humidity and 4.02°/s to 310 mW cm^–2 laser irradiation, respectively. A thermal response time of approximately 4 s and a bending angle temperature coefficient of 3.607°/K are demonstrated, which outperform the existing actuators. Moreover, by leveraging the intrinsic anisotropy of PA6, programmable deformation behavior and diverse gripper geometries are achieved. Based on this actuator, we further demonstrate applications such as biomimetic flowers, miniaturized cranes, and dual-controllable switches. This dual-driven actuator offers versatile environmental energy conversion and holds broad potential for advancing soft robotic systems.

A Ce-based metal organic framework hybrid flame retardant (Ce-UiO66-APP) was synthesized via in situ growth of Ce-UiO-66-NH₂ on the surface of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and combined with a phosphoramide derivative (DPPIP) to develop halogen-free ABS composites. The resulting ABS achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 28.0% and UL-94 V-0 rating, together with significant reduction in the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and the peak smoke production rate (pSPR) by 74.7% and 65.0% compared to pure ABS, respectively. The flame-retardant mechanism indicated that the catalytic role of cerium ions up to 530 °C changed the thermal-degradation paths of DPPIP/ABS composites, promoting the formation of more protective charring layers and noncombustible gases during combustion. Moreover, owing to the improved interfacial compatibility imparted by the nanoarchitecture of Ce-UiO-66-NH₂, the notched impact strength of the Ce-UiO66-APP/DPPIP/ABS composite was 11.4% higher than that of the APP/DPPIP/ABS composite, along with good retention of tensile and flexural properties. This study provided an effective strategy for designing high-performance and halogen-free flame-retardant ABS composites through interfacial and catalytic engineering.

Efficient and sustainable visible-light (VL) photocatalysts for bacterial inactivation are crucial for advanced water disinfection and safe water supply. A surfactant-assisted microbial mineralization approach was developed to construct highly crystalline and defect-engineered antimony sulfide nanoparticles (Sb₂S₃ NPs). Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) served as a surfactant that effectively regulated sulfur-vacancy (V_s) concentration and crystal structure, thereby enhancing photoinduced charge separation and suppressing carrier recombination. The optimized Sb₂S₃ NPs (SM-Sb) possessed an ordered orthorhombic structure, uniformly small particle size (∼146 nm), and abundant V_s defects, enabling broad light absorption (241–716 nm) with strong absorption in the visible region above 420 nm. When employed as the photocatalyst, SM-Sb achieved over 99% inactivation of Escherichia coli K12 and Bacillus subtilis under VL irradiation. Radical trapping and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis revealed that photogenerated holes (h⁺) and superoxide radicals (^•O₂^–) dominated the bactericidal process, while V_s-induced internal electric fields facilitated hierarchical reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, including ^•O₂^–, hydroxyl radicals (^•OH), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Furthermore, the negatively charged surface of SM-Sb reduced nonspecific bacterial adsorption, minimizing catalyst loss ensuring stable performance and high recyclability during multiple disinfection cycles. Overall, this work establishes a defect- and interface-engineering strategy for VL-responsive Sb₂S₃ NPs, providing mechanistic insights into the interplay between vacancy defects, charge-transfer dynamics, and interfacial ROS-mediated antibacterial activity, and highlighting the potential of SM-Sb in advanced antimicrobial nanomaterial applications.