Pub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.1080/09064710.2021.2018034
P. Euteneuer, H. Wagentristl, S. Pauer, M. Keimerl, C. Schachinger, G. Bodner, H. Piepho, S. Steinkellner
ABSTRACT Cover cropping provides versatile benefits for sustainable agriculture, but many cover crops are potential host plants for pathogens such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. Therefore, 14 cover crops were investigated for their interaction with sclerotia, topsoil moisture and temperature in two consecutive field trials in East Austria. In July, after the cover crops were sown, sclerotia were inoculated at 3 cm soil depth in two mesh tubes per plot with 1×1 mm and 3×10 mm mesh size and remained until March. Cover crops did not affect decay of sclerotia, but sclerotia declined faster in 3×10 mm mesh compared to 1×1 mm (75.7 and 54.7%; respectively). Degree days reached the required 500 °C for apothecia development in September in both years, but only in year 1 was topsoil moisture sufficient for apothecia development. Nonmetric dimensional scaling revealed that, among others, topsoil temperature in March was significant for sclerotia germination in spring and was independent of plant biomass. There are indications that Poaceae such as sorghum × Sudan grass and Sudan grass can stimulate early germination under cover crops, causing vulnerability of sclerotia to degradation. This could reduce the pathogen pressure for the subsequent irrigated cash crops.
覆盖作物为可持续农业提供了多方面的好处，但许多覆盖作物是菌核病菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Lib.) de Bary等病原体的潜在寄主植物。因此，在东奥地利进行了连续两次大田试验，研究了14种覆盖作物与菌核、表土水分和温度的相互作用。7月，覆膜作物播种后，在3 cm土层深度接种菌核，每小区2个网眼管，网眼分别为1×1 mm和3×10 mm，接种至3月。覆盖作物对菌核衰变没有影响，但3×10 mm目比1×1 mm目下降更快(75.7和54.7%);分别)。在这两年的9月份，日数都达到了开发中药材所需的500°C，但只有在第1年，表土湿度才足以开发中药材。非尺度尺度分析表明，3月表层土壤温度对春季菌核萌发有显著影响，且与植物生物量无关。有迹象表明，禾科作物如高粱×苏丹草和苏丹草可以刺激覆盖作物的早期发芽，使菌核容易退化。这可以减少后续灌溉经济作物的病原菌压力。
{"title":"Field investigation of topsoil moisture and temperature as drivers for decomposition or germination of sclerotia (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) under winter-killed cover crops","authors":"P. Euteneuer, H. Wagentristl, S. Pauer, M. Keimerl, C. Schachinger, G. Bodner, H. Piepho, S. Steinkellner","doi":"10.1080/09064710.2021.2018034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.2018034","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cover cropping provides versatile benefits for sustainable agriculture, but many cover crops are potential host plants for pathogens such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. Therefore, 14 cover crops were investigated for their interaction with sclerotia, topsoil moisture and temperature in two consecutive field trials in East Austria. In July, after the cover crops were sown, sclerotia were inoculated at 3 cm soil depth in two mesh tubes per plot with 1×1 mm and 3×10 mm mesh size and remained until March. Cover crops did not affect decay of sclerotia, but sclerotia declined faster in 3×10 mm mesh compared to 1×1 mm (75.7 and 54.7%; respectively). Degree days reached the required 500 °C for apothecia development in September in both years, but only in year 1 was topsoil moisture sufficient for apothecia development. Nonmetric dimensional scaling revealed that, among others, topsoil temperature in March was significant for sclerotia germination in spring and was independent of plant biomass. There are indications that Poaceae such as sorghum × Sudan grass and Sudan grass can stimulate early germination under cover crops, causing vulnerability of sclerotia to degradation. This could reduce the pathogen pressure for the subsequent irrigated cash crops.","PeriodicalId":7094,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science","volume":"115 1","pages":"527 - 537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80576773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.1080/09064710.2021.2008480
Xia Li
ABSTRACT The impact of the epidemic and a series of strict prevention and control measures taken to prevent the spread of the epidemic will have a significant impact on the entire chain and various fields of agricultural production and operation. Based on the realistic basis of China’s current international cooperation in agricultural ecological environmental protection, this paper proposes an international coordination mechanism for agricultural product trade legal systems. There is a certain degree of conflict between ecological environment protection and trade facilitation and liberalisation, but they are not completely uncoordinated. Therefore, the establishment of a set of coordination mechanisms that can restrain and encourage countries to carry out international cooperation plays a key role in resolving the conflict between the two. In addition, this paper analyzes the legal regulation of agricultural trade in the post-epidemic era through intelligent model analysis and proposes corresponding countermeasures. Through analysis and research, it also provides a corresponding reference for legal regulations of agricultural trade in the post-epidemic era.
{"title":"Analysis of legal regulations on agricultural trade in the post-epidemic era","authors":"Xia Li","doi":"10.1080/09064710.2021.2008480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.2008480","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The impact of the epidemic and a series of strict prevention and control measures taken to prevent the spread of the epidemic will have a significant impact on the entire chain and various fields of agricultural production and operation. Based on the realistic basis of China’s current international cooperation in agricultural ecological environmental protection, this paper proposes an international coordination mechanism for agricultural product trade legal systems. There is a certain degree of conflict between ecological environment protection and trade facilitation and liberalisation, but they are not completely uncoordinated. Therefore, the establishment of a set of coordination mechanisms that can restrain and encourage countries to carry out international cooperation plays a key role in resolving the conflict between the two. In addition, this paper analyzes the legal regulation of agricultural trade in the post-epidemic era through intelligent model analysis and proposes corresponding countermeasures. Through analysis and research, it also provides a corresponding reference for legal regulations of agricultural trade in the post-epidemic era.","PeriodicalId":7094,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"271 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78216988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.1080/09064710.2021.2007992
Jun He, Guanghui Yuan, Shuaiwu Li, Chi Zhang
ABSTRACT The U.S. policy toward North Korea has always been issue of great concern and research focus. According to the grain production data of North Korea, and combined with perspectives from experts of China, the United States and South Korea, this paper tries to make a tentative judgment of the hawk/dove tendency of the five U.S. Presidents' remarks on North Korea from 1989 to 2019. The results show that: (1) The hawkish tendency in the presidents' attitudes has a certain relationship with North Korea's grain production. However, dove tendency is related to grain yield and its fluctuation rate, and the impact of the rate on the dove stance is even greater than the impact of production. (2) When North Korea's grain production increases, the presidents' stance on North Korea's policy tends to be tough; but when its grain production decreases, the presidents' attitudes towards North Korea will become relatively moderate. (3) The fluctuation rate of grain production in North Korea will affect the dove tendency of the presidents. Their stance will be more moderate if the rate decrease. But if the rate rises, the moderation of the statements will retreat.
{"title":"The relationship between food production and political stance based on canonical correlation analysis and empirical mode decomposition: taking the U.S.-DPRK relations as an example","authors":"Jun He, Guanghui Yuan, Shuaiwu Li, Chi Zhang","doi":"10.1080/09064710.2021.2007992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.2007992","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The U.S. policy toward North Korea has always been issue of great concern and research focus. According to the grain production data of North Korea, and combined with perspectives from experts of China, the United States and South Korea, this paper tries to make a tentative judgment of the hawk/dove tendency of the five U.S. Presidents' remarks on North Korea from 1989 to 2019. The results show that: (1) The hawkish tendency in the presidents' attitudes has a certain relationship with North Korea's grain production. However, dove tendency is related to grain yield and its fluctuation rate, and the impact of the rate on the dove stance is even greater than the impact of production. (2) When North Korea's grain production increases, the presidents' stance on North Korea's policy tends to be tough; but when its grain production decreases, the presidents' attitudes towards North Korea will become relatively moderate. (3) The fluctuation rate of grain production in North Korea will affect the dove tendency of the presidents. Their stance will be more moderate if the rate decrease. But if the rate rises, the moderation of the statements will retreat.","PeriodicalId":7094,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"260 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76042142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.1080/09064710.2021.2001041
Zhu Fei
ABSTRACT As the electronic process of land management is accelerating, the research on the construction of land use planning system tends to be intensified. This paper combines the concept of traditional farming culture to construct a rural land planning system, and proposes a stacked combination collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm to process traditional farming cultural data and promote the integration of traditional farming cultural data and rural land planning data. Moreover, starting from the existing problems in urban land planning at this stage, this paper proposes the rationality and importance of the land use planning system, and at the same time guarantees that it can be used in a standardised and scientific way. In addition, after explaining the construction purpose of the land use planning system, this paper also explains the tasks, design and corresponding steps to be completed to construct the system. Finally, this paper verifies the performance of this system through experimental research. Through the experimental results, we can see that the method proposed in this paper has a certain effect.
{"title":"Research on rural land planning based on traditional farming culture","authors":"Zhu Fei","doi":"10.1080/09064710.2021.2001041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.2001041","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As the electronic process of land management is accelerating, the research on the construction of land use planning system tends to be intensified. This paper combines the concept of traditional farming culture to construct a rural land planning system, and proposes a stacked combination collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm to process traditional farming cultural data and promote the integration of traditional farming cultural data and rural land planning data. Moreover, starting from the existing problems in urban land planning at this stage, this paper proposes the rationality and importance of the land use planning system, and at the same time guarantees that it can be used in a standardised and scientific way. In addition, after explaining the construction purpose of the land use planning system, this paper also explains the tasks, design and corresponding steps to be completed to construct the system. Finally, this paper verifies the performance of this system through experimental research. Through the experimental results, we can see that the method proposed in this paper has a certain effect.","PeriodicalId":7094,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"248 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83532248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.1080/09064710.2021.2000632
Yiru Wang, Jie Lyu, Di Chen
ABSTRACT China has developed into the world’s largest producer of peanuts; however, it remains unable to achieve self-sufficiency. We assessed China’s peanut production performance and determined the crucial influential factors to improve the efficiency and productivity of peanut production. In this article, the performance of ten main peanut producing areas was evaluated from 2009 to 2018 through the adoption of a three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach and the Malmquist index. The results revealed inefficient peanut production in China. First and foremost, the overall efficiency was not located at the production frontier due to the decreasing scale efficiency. In addition, insufficient technological progress led to the relatively low total factor productivity. Last but not least, the managerial inefficiency was the main external environmental factor influencing the peanut production performance in China. Accordingly, we put forward corresponding suggestions, such as enhancing the environmental factors, realising the technological process, and achieving the optimal scale.
{"title":"Performance assessment of peanut production in China","authors":"Yiru Wang, Jie Lyu, Di Chen","doi":"10.1080/09064710.2021.2000632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.2000632","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 China has developed into the world’s largest producer of peanuts; however, it remains unable to achieve self-sufficiency. We assessed China’s peanut production performance and determined the crucial influential factors to improve the efficiency and productivity of peanut production. In this article, the performance of ten main peanut producing areas was evaluated from 2009 to 2018 through the adoption of a three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach and the Malmquist index. The results revealed inefficient peanut production in China. First and foremost, the overall efficiency was not located at the production frontier due to the decreasing scale efficiency. In addition, insufficient technological progress led to the relatively low total factor productivity. Last but not least, the managerial inefficiency was the main external environmental factor influencing the peanut production performance in China. Accordingly, we put forward corresponding suggestions, such as enhancing the environmental factors, realising the technological process, and achieving the optimal scale.","PeriodicalId":7094,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science","volume":"70 1 1","pages":"176 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89132669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.1080/09064710.2021.2008476
J. Cao
ABSTRACT In order to promote the development of agro-ecological economy and improve the reliability of the development model of agricultural circular economy, this paper explores the general framework of the coordinated development of the agricultural logistics ecosystem from the perspective of the construction of the agricultural logistics ecosystem, the composition of the ecosystem, the synergy stage, and the synergy goal. Moreover, this paper combines big data and Internet of Things technology to analyze its own path of the cooperative development mechanism of the agricultural logistics ecosystem, and uses typical cases to show the internal relationships between the main bodies of the agricultural logistics ecosystem. In addition, this paper attempts to explain the core essence of the agricultural logistics ecosystem and the internal relations of the subjects through the practice of enterprises. After constructing the system framework, this paper combines the intelligent algorithm to construct the intelligent model structure, and analyzes the system function realisation process based on the actual situation. Finally, this paper evaluates the performance of the algorithm model constructed in this paper through experimental research. From the experimental statistical results, it can be seen that the algorithm model constructed in this paper has a certain effect.
{"title":"Coordinated development mechanism and path of agricultural logistics ecosystem based on big data analysis and IoT assistance","authors":"J. Cao","doi":"10.1080/09064710.2021.2008476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.2008476","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In order to promote the development of agro-ecological economy and improve the reliability of the development model of agricultural circular economy, this paper explores the general framework of the coordinated development of the agricultural logistics ecosystem from the perspective of the construction of the agricultural logistics ecosystem, the composition of the ecosystem, the synergy stage, and the synergy goal. Moreover, this paper combines big data and Internet of Things technology to analyze its own path of the cooperative development mechanism of the agricultural logistics ecosystem, and uses typical cases to show the internal relationships between the main bodies of the agricultural logistics ecosystem. In addition, this paper attempts to explain the core essence of the agricultural logistics ecosystem and the internal relations of the subjects through the practice of enterprises. After constructing the system framework, this paper combines the intelligent algorithm to construct the intelligent model structure, and analyzes the system function realisation process based on the actual situation. Finally, this paper evaluates the performance of the algorithm model constructed in this paper through experimental research. From the experimental statistical results, it can be seen that the algorithm model constructed in this paper has a certain effect.","PeriodicalId":7094,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science","volume":"38 1","pages":"214 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76872114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.1080/09064710.2021.2008479
Du Xiaochen, T. Yan, Liu Fen, Fu Xiuyong, Liu Fugang
ABSTRACT Organic pollution of agricultural land will cause environmental problems and agricultural economic effects. To explore the reliable effect of remediation of organic pollution in agricultural land, wheat straw biochar was prepared in this paper. Moreover, this paper uses experimental research and comparison methods to study the difference in the adsorption performance of biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the effect of pyrolysis biochar on the availability of phenanthrene and pyrene microorganisms in the soil at the same temperature. Additionally, statistical methods are utilised in this research to do analytics and data processing on test data, and test findings are visually displayed using a combination of graphs and tables. Finally, to understand the experimental research findings, this system employs analytical approaches. The results of the experiment show that wheat straw biochar can effectively reduce soil organic pollution, which can expand the research on the restoration of other crop straw biochar on agricultural land.
{"title":"Organic pollution control of agricultural land based on straw biochar","authors":"Du Xiaochen, T. Yan, Liu Fen, Fu Xiuyong, Liu Fugang","doi":"10.1080/09064710.2021.2008479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.2008479","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Organic pollution of agricultural land will cause environmental problems and agricultural economic effects. To explore the reliable effect of remediation of organic pollution in agricultural land, wheat straw biochar was prepared in this paper. Moreover, this paper uses experimental research and comparison methods to study the difference in the adsorption performance of biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the effect of pyrolysis biochar on the availability of phenanthrene and pyrene microorganisms in the soil at the same temperature. Additionally, statistical methods are utilised in this research to do analytics and data processing on test data, and test findings are visually displayed using a combination of graphs and tables. Finally, to understand the experimental research findings, this system employs analytical approaches. The results of the experiment show that wheat straw biochar can effectively reduce soil organic pollution, which can expand the research on the restoration of other crop straw biochar on agricultural land.","PeriodicalId":7094,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"237 - 247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85428766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.1080/09064710.2021.2008478
Fang Gao, Hongchang Li
ABSTRACT In order to improve the effect of intelligent fertilisation, according to actual fertilisation needs, this paper combines big data technology to perform data analysis, and designs a variable fertilisation mechanical structure that can be used for mixed fertilisation to realise mixed fertilisation of multiple crops. Moreover, from the perspective of precise fertilisation, this paper combines the actual needs of variable fertilisation to construct a control system, and adopts an adaptive federated filter structure to solve the influence of equipment errors on system position estimation. In addition, this paper solves the problems of excessive partial application and low fertiliser utilisation in traditional fertilisation, as well as the resulting waste, environmental pollution, and poor quality of agricultural products. Furthermore, this paper designs and manufactures a dual-variable application test device, and conducted a fertiliser discharge test on the test device. Finally, this paper uses big data technology to analyze the experimental data of variable fertilisation operation machinery. From the experimental research, it can be seen that the effect of the fertilisation operation machinery designed in this paper meets actual needs.
{"title":"Research on variable rate fertilisation machine based on big data analysis","authors":"Fang Gao, Hongchang Li","doi":"10.1080/09064710.2021.2008478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.2008478","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In order to improve the effect of intelligent fertilisation, according to actual fertilisation needs, this paper combines big data technology to perform data analysis, and designs a variable fertilisation mechanical structure that can be used for mixed fertilisation to realise mixed fertilisation of multiple crops. Moreover, from the perspective of precise fertilisation, this paper combines the actual needs of variable fertilisation to construct a control system, and adopts an adaptive federated filter structure to solve the influence of equipment errors on system position estimation. In addition, this paper solves the problems of excessive partial application and low fertiliser utilisation in traditional fertilisation, as well as the resulting waste, environmental pollution, and poor quality of agricultural products. Furthermore, this paper designs and manufactures a dual-variable application test device, and conducted a fertiliser discharge test on the test device. Finally, this paper uses big data technology to analyze the experimental data of variable fertilisation operation machinery. From the experimental research, it can be seen that the effect of the fertilisation operation machinery designed in this paper meets actual needs.","PeriodicalId":7094,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"225 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73388664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-23DOI: 10.1080/09064710.2021.2003853
Amir Khan, Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej, M. Tariq, M. Asif, H. Nadeem, M. Siddiqui, M. Hashem, S. Alamri, F. Ahmad
ABSTRACT Root-knot nematodes pose a severe threat to worldwide agricultural development. Due to the high toxicity of chemical nematicides, eco-friendly control strategies against root-knot nematodes need to be established. A pot and in vitro experiment were performed to estimate nematicidal potential of Pochonia chlamydosporia. P. chlamydosporia was used alone or in combination with two botanicals for controlling Meloidogyne incognita in chickpea. The laboratory assessment was performed with four prepared concentrations (S, S/2, S/10, S/25) of fungal inoculum of P. chlamydosporia against egg hatching and second-stage juvenile's mortality of M. incognita. All four concentrations reduced egg hatching and increased mortality of J2s. In pot experiment, P. chlamydosporia was used with chopped leaves of two botanicals viz., Ageratum conyzoides and Eichhornia crassipes against M. incognita in chickpea. All the treatments found significantly suppressed root infestation caused by M. incognita and improved growth and physiological attributes of chickpea. The combined application of P. chlamydosporia + A. conyzoides was found highly effective, and E. crassipes alone was least. Therefore, using P. chlamydosporia with botanicals is a promising sustainable strategy in agriculture against M. incognita infected chickpea.
{"title":"Supplementing Pochonia chlamydosporia with botanicals for management of Meloidogyne incognita infesting chickpea","authors":"Amir Khan, Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej, M. Tariq, M. Asif, H. Nadeem, M. Siddiqui, M. Hashem, S. Alamri, F. Ahmad","doi":"10.1080/09064710.2021.2003853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.2003853","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Root-knot nematodes pose a severe threat to worldwide agricultural development. Due to the high toxicity of chemical nematicides, eco-friendly control strategies against root-knot nematodes need to be established. A pot and in vitro experiment were performed to estimate nematicidal potential of Pochonia chlamydosporia. P. chlamydosporia was used alone or in combination with two botanicals for controlling Meloidogyne incognita in chickpea. The laboratory assessment was performed with four prepared concentrations (S, S/2, S/10, S/25) of fungal inoculum of P. chlamydosporia against egg hatching and second-stage juvenile's mortality of M. incognita. All four concentrations reduced egg hatching and increased mortality of J2s. In pot experiment, P. chlamydosporia was used with chopped leaves of two botanicals viz., Ageratum conyzoides and Eichhornia crassipes against M. incognita in chickpea. All the treatments found significantly suppressed root infestation caused by M. incognita and improved growth and physiological attributes of chickpea. The combined application of P. chlamydosporia + A. conyzoides was found highly effective, and E. crassipes alone was least. Therefore, using P. chlamydosporia with botanicals is a promising sustainable strategy in agriculture against M. incognita infected chickpea.","PeriodicalId":7094,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science","volume":"82 1","pages":"164 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81273253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-16DOI: 10.1080/09064710.2021.2001040
Wang Qian, Lv Jie
ABSTRACT Improving cost efficiency is one of the main ways to reduce the production cost of agricultural products and increase farmers' income. Human capital is an important way to improve cost efficiency. This article takes five major corn production areas as an example, uses data envelopment analysis to measure the cost efficiency and makes an empirical analysis of the impact of human capital on cost efficiency and its action path by using bidirectional fixed-effect model. It is found that the impact of educational human capital on cost efficiency presents a positive ‘U' shape, and there are differences among different regions through technical efficiency and allocation efficiency paths. Healthy human capital has a significant positive impact on cost efficiency, but with the increase of the number, its role will gradually weaken, except for the southwest region, and its impact path is allocation efficiency. The impact of technical human capital on cost efficiency shows a positive ‘U’ type change, and the change of each production area is roughly the same as the whole. Its impact on cost efficiency is mainly realised through allocation efficiency. This article provides a theoretical basis for different policy measures to better play the role of human capital in improving cost efficiency in China.
{"title":"An empirical study on the impact of human capital on cost efficiency: taking the main corn production areas in China as an example","authors":"Wang Qian, Lv Jie","doi":"10.1080/09064710.2021.2001040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.2001040","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Improving cost efficiency is one of the main ways to reduce the production cost of agricultural products and increase farmers' income. Human capital is an important way to improve cost efficiency. This article takes five major corn production areas as an example, uses data envelopment analysis to measure the cost efficiency and makes an empirical analysis of the impact of human capital on cost efficiency and its action path by using bidirectional fixed-effect model. It is found that the impact of educational human capital on cost efficiency presents a positive ‘U' shape, and there are differences among different regions through technical efficiency and allocation efficiency paths. Healthy human capital has a significant positive impact on cost efficiency, but with the increase of the number, its role will gradually weaken, except for the southwest region, and its impact path is allocation efficiency. The impact of technical human capital on cost efficiency shows a positive ‘U’ type change, and the change of each production area is roughly the same as the whole. Its impact on cost efficiency is mainly realised through allocation efficiency. This article provides a theoretical basis for different policy measures to better play the role of human capital in improving cost efficiency in China.","PeriodicalId":7094,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science","volume":"128 1","pages":"142 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86309742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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