Pub Date : 2014-04-03DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2014.909327
C. Bvenura, A. Afolayan
Abstract An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in the Nkonkobe and Mbashe local municipalities of the Amathole District Municipality in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa to reveal and document some of the wild vegetables growing in the Province and to examine the state of the communities’ knowledge of wild vegetables. A total of 66 individuals aged between 17 and 59 years were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The study allowed identification of 22 vegetable species belonging to 12 different families. Tulbaghia violacea, Centella coriacea, Cotula heterocarpa, Sonchus oleraceus, Sisymbrium thellungii and Corchorus olitorius were the only wild vegetables native to South Africa. Cucurbita pepo and Ipomoea batatas were under cultivation in gardens and the field. About 45% of the wild vegetables cited possessed medicinal properties. Berries of Physalis peruviana and Solanum nigrum were consumed as fruits in both localities. Sun-drying was the most common method of preservation in both municipalities, although informants preferred consuming the wild vegetables in their fresh state. This survey revealed that men and the younger generation knew less about wild vegetables compared with older women. A lack of interest to learn about wild vegetables and include them in their diet was revealed in favour of conventional vegetables such as spinach and cabbage.
{"title":"Ethnobotanical survey of wild vegetables in Mbashe and Nkonkobe municipalities, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa","authors":"C. Bvenura, A. Afolayan","doi":"10.1080/12538078.2014.909327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2014.909327","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in the Nkonkobe and Mbashe local municipalities of the Amathole District Municipality in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa to reveal and document some of the wild vegetables growing in the Province and to examine the state of the communities’ knowledge of wild vegetables. A total of 66 individuals aged between 17 and 59 years were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The study allowed identification of 22 vegetable species belonging to 12 different families. Tulbaghia violacea, Centella coriacea, Cotula heterocarpa, Sonchus oleraceus, Sisymbrium thellungii and Corchorus olitorius were the only wild vegetables native to South Africa. Cucurbita pepo and Ipomoea batatas were under cultivation in gardens and the field. About 45% of the wild vegetables cited possessed medicinal properties. Berries of Physalis peruviana and Solanum nigrum were consumed as fruits in both localities. Sun-drying was the most common method of preservation in both municipalities, although informants preferred consuming the wild vegetables in their fresh state. This survey revealed that men and the younger generation knew less about wild vegetables compared with older women. A lack of interest to learn about wild vegetables and include them in their diet was revealed in favour of conventional vegetables such as spinach and cabbage.","PeriodicalId":7129,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Gallica","volume":"161 1","pages":"189 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12538078.2014.909327","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59705825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-03DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2014.899158
Hanife Akyalçin, T. Arabaci, B. Yildiz
Abstract The pollen morphology and exine structure of 52 specimens of the 14 species (15 taxa) of the genus Achillea L. section Babounya (DC.) O. Hoffm. (Asteraceae) distributed in Turkey were examined with light and scanning electron (SEM) microscopes. The pollen characteristics of 13 species (except for Achillea tenuifolia Lam.) are newly reported here. The pollen grains were oblate-spheroidal, prolate-spheroidal, subprolate and generally tricolporate, but sometimes tetracolporate, and even pentacolporate. The size of grains varied, ranged from 21.20 to 45 μm on the polar axis mean, and from 18.10 to 43.14 μm on the equatorial axis mean. The structure of the exine was doubletectate (Anthemoid pattern) and mean of exine thickness varied from 3.61 to 8.16 μm. The sculpture was echinate both in light and SEM micrographs. Moreover, rugulate, microperforate and rugulate-microperforate ornamentations were observed in SEM. The results indicate that the examined species showed heterogeneity in pollen characteristics, both at an interspecies level and between specimens of a species collected from different localities. In addition, correlation between pollen size and chromosome number was discussed.
{"title":"Pollen morphology of some Achillea L. sect. Babounya (DC.) O. Hoffm. (Asteraceae) species from Turkey","authors":"Hanife Akyalçin, T. Arabaci, B. Yildiz","doi":"10.1080/12538078.2014.899158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2014.899158","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The pollen morphology and exine structure of 52 specimens of the 14 species (15 taxa) of the genus Achillea L. section Babounya (DC.) O. Hoffm. (Asteraceae) distributed in Turkey were examined with light and scanning electron (SEM) microscopes. The pollen characteristics of 13 species (except for Achillea tenuifolia Lam.) are newly reported here. The pollen grains were oblate-spheroidal, prolate-spheroidal, subprolate and generally tricolporate, but sometimes tetracolporate, and even pentacolporate. The size of grains varied, ranged from 21.20 to 45 μm on the polar axis mean, and from 18.10 to 43.14 μm on the equatorial axis mean. The structure of the exine was doubletectate (Anthemoid pattern) and mean of exine thickness varied from 3.61 to 8.16 μm. The sculpture was echinate both in light and SEM micrographs. Moreover, rugulate, microperforate and rugulate-microperforate ornamentations were observed in SEM. The results indicate that the examined species showed heterogeneity in pollen characteristics, both at an interspecies level and between specimens of a species collected from different localities. In addition, correlation between pollen size and chromosome number was discussed.","PeriodicalId":7129,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Gallica","volume":"196 1","pages":"129 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12538078.2014.899158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59705654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-03DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2014.905799
Yassine Yahia, H. Hannachi, A. Ferchichi
Abstract The genetic diversity of 13 Tunisian faba bean (Vicia faba L.) accessions, and the commercial variety “Aguadulce”, were studied using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. In comparison to RAPD markers, SSRs showed a higher level of polymorphism and greater information content, as assessed by the expected heterozygosity. One hundred and fourteen bands were amplified using six SSR primer combinations and 376 bands were observed using four RAPD primers. The percentages of polymorphic fragments were 100% and 60.63% for SSR and RAPD markers, respectively. The polymorphism information content, gene diversity and population differentiation test were 0.370, 0.490 and 0.746, respectively, for SSR markers and 0.319, 0.406 and 0.775 for RAPD markers. The correlation coefficients of similarity based on the Mantel test were statistically significant for the both marker systems used, but were higher for SSR data than for RAPD. Dendrogram topologies, conducted separately on polymorphic RAPD and SSR markers, showed minor differences in the grouping of accessions. The dendrogram based on combined RAPD and SSR data sets identified clustering of accessions according to their geographic diffusion. Collectively, these results will aid Tunisian faba bean germplasm management, conservation and breeding.
{"title":"Genetic diversity of Vicia faba L. based on random amplified polymorphic DNA and simple sequence repeat markers","authors":"Yassine Yahia, H. Hannachi, A. Ferchichi","doi":"10.1080/12538078.2014.905799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2014.905799","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The genetic diversity of 13 Tunisian faba bean (Vicia faba L.) accessions, and the commercial variety “Aguadulce”, were studied using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. In comparison to RAPD markers, SSRs showed a higher level of polymorphism and greater information content, as assessed by the expected heterozygosity. One hundred and fourteen bands were amplified using six SSR primer combinations and 376 bands were observed using four RAPD primers. The percentages of polymorphic fragments were 100% and 60.63% for SSR and RAPD markers, respectively. The polymorphism information content, gene diversity and population differentiation test were 0.370, 0.490 and 0.746, respectively, for SSR markers and 0.319, 0.406 and 0.775 for RAPD markers. The correlation coefficients of similarity based on the Mantel test were statistically significant for the both marker systems used, but were higher for SSR data than for RAPD. Dendrogram topologies, conducted separately on polymorphic RAPD and SSR markers, showed minor differences in the grouping of accessions. The dendrogram based on combined RAPD and SSR data sets identified clustering of accessions according to their geographic diffusion. Collectively, these results will aid Tunisian faba bean germplasm management, conservation and breeding.","PeriodicalId":7129,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Gallica","volume":"161 1","pages":"151 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12538078.2014.905799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59705712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-03DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2014.909326
N. M. Ardenghi, Marina Trentin, G. Trivellini, S. Orsenigo
Abstract Lycopus lucidus Turcz. ex Benth. var. hirtus Regel (Lamiaceae), a neophyte native to Asia, is recorded for the first time in Europe. A naturalized population was discovered in the Milan railway area (Italy). Diagnostic characters and an updated identification key for the genus Lycopus in Europe are presented. Furthermore, the invasive status and the possible means of introduction are discussed.
{"title":"Lycopus lucidus Turcz. ex Benth. var. hirtus Regel (Lamiaceae) in Italy: a new naturalized alien species for the European flora","authors":"N. M. Ardenghi, Marina Trentin, G. Trivellini, S. Orsenigo","doi":"10.1080/12538078.2014.909326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2014.909326","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lycopus lucidus Turcz. ex Benth. var. hirtus Regel (Lamiaceae), a neophyte native to Asia, is recorded for the first time in Europe. A naturalized population was discovered in the Milan railway area (Italy). Diagnostic characters and an updated identification key for the genus Lycopus in Europe are presented. Furthermore, the invasive status and the possible means of introduction are discussed.","PeriodicalId":7129,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Gallica","volume":"161 1","pages":"183 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12538078.2014.909326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59705812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-03DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2014.921643
M. Nobis, A. L. Ebel, A. Nowak, O. Turginov, A. Kupriyanov, A. Nobis, M. Olonova, B. Paszko, R. Piwowarczyk, Wen-Li Chen, P. Gudkova, Ewelina Klichowska, S. Nowak, A. Pujadas-Salvá
Abstract The paper presents new records for 20 vascular plant species from eight Asian and two European countries. Five taxa (Artemisia campestris, Artemisia tanacetifolia, Delphinium sajanense, Diarthron vasiculosum var. undulatum, Epilobium adenocaulon) are reported from Kazakhstan, four (Deyeuxia yanyuanensis, Poa arnoldii, Stipa gracilis, Stipa macroglossa subsp. kazachstanica) from China, three (Nepeta pamirensis, Silene bucharica, Scrophularia pamiro-alaica) from Uzbekistan, two (Epilobium nervosum, Stellaria zolotukhinii) from Mongolia, two (Oenothera deflexa, Scirpus georgianus) from Poland, one (Coronopus didymus) from Tajikistan, one (Orobanche rumseiana) from Italy, one (Stipa macroglossa subsp. kazachstanica) from Kyrgyzstan, one (Poa polozhiae) from Russia, and one (Agrostis rupestris) from Azerbaijan. All of these taxa are new to the floras of listed Asian and European countries or its regions (as it is in the case of China or Russia). Four of the presented taxa (Coronopus didymus, Epilobium adenocaulon, Oenothera deflexa and Scirpus georgianus) are regarded as alien to the studied areas, whereas the other 16 are new native elements to the flora of the countries. For each species synonyms, general distribution, habitat preferences, taxonomy with remarks on recognition and differentiation of the species from the most similar occurring in a given country, as well as a list of localities recorded (often far from the previously known areas) are presented. In the case of Orobanche rumseiana, a new variety O. rumseiana var. sarda R. Piwowarczyk and A. Pujadas is described and illustrated.
{"title":"Contribution to the flora of Asian and European countries: new national and regional vascular plant records, 2","authors":"M. Nobis, A. L. Ebel, A. Nowak, O. Turginov, A. Kupriyanov, A. Nobis, M. Olonova, B. Paszko, R. Piwowarczyk, Wen-Li Chen, P. Gudkova, Ewelina Klichowska, S. Nowak, A. Pujadas-Salvá","doi":"10.1080/12538078.2014.921643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2014.921643","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents new records for 20 vascular plant species from eight Asian and two European countries. Five taxa (Artemisia campestris, Artemisia tanacetifolia, Delphinium sajanense, Diarthron vasiculosum var. undulatum, Epilobium adenocaulon) are reported from Kazakhstan, four (Deyeuxia yanyuanensis, Poa arnoldii, Stipa gracilis, Stipa macroglossa subsp. kazachstanica) from China, three (Nepeta pamirensis, Silene bucharica, Scrophularia pamiro-alaica) from Uzbekistan, two (Epilobium nervosum, Stellaria zolotukhinii) from Mongolia, two (Oenothera deflexa, Scirpus georgianus) from Poland, one (Coronopus didymus) from Tajikistan, one (Orobanche rumseiana) from Italy, one (Stipa macroglossa subsp. kazachstanica) from Kyrgyzstan, one (Poa polozhiae) from Russia, and one (Agrostis rupestris) from Azerbaijan. All of these taxa are new to the floras of listed Asian and European countries or its regions (as it is in the case of China or Russia). Four of the presented taxa (Coronopus didymus, Epilobium adenocaulon, Oenothera deflexa and Scirpus georgianus) are regarded as alien to the studied areas, whereas the other 16 are new native elements to the flora of the countries. For each species synonyms, general distribution, habitat preferences, taxonomy with remarks on recognition and differentiation of the species from the most similar occurring in a given country, as well as a list of localities recorded (often far from the previously known areas) are presented. In the case of Orobanche rumseiana, a new variety O. rumseiana var. sarda R. Piwowarczyk and A. Pujadas is described and illustrated.","PeriodicalId":7129,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Gallica","volume":"161 1","pages":"209 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12538078.2014.921643","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59705939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-02DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2013.871209
M. Nobis, A. Nowak, A. Nobis, B. Paszko, R. Piwowarczyk, S. Nowak, V. Plášek
Abstract The paper presents new records for 10 vascular plant species from three Asian and four European countries. Of this number, three species (Panicum capillare, Stipa macroglossa, Tribulus longipetalus) are reported from Tajikistan, two (Calamagrostis emodensis, Calamagrostis lahulensis) from Myanmar, two (Euphorbia taurinensis, Origanum vulgare var. megastachyum) from Poland, one (Sagina apetala) from Uzbekistan, one (Orobanche ritro) from Ukraine and Russia, and one (Leontodon saxatilis) from the Czech Republic. Eight of these taxa are new to the flora of different Asian and European countries; and two, very rare but recently spreading species, namely Leontodon saxatilis and Euphorbia taurinensis, were reported from the Czech Republic and Poland, respectively. Four of the taxa presented (Euphorbia taurinensis, Panicum capillare, Sagina apetala and Tribulus longipetalus) should be regarded as alien to the studied areas, intensively spreading or even invasive, whereas the other six are native elements given for the first time from the countries. In each of the species, synonyms, the general distribution, habitat preferences and habitats occupied in the particular country, taxonomy with remarks on recognition and differentiating the species from the most similar occurring in particular country as well as a list of localities of examined species occurring in a given country, often far from the previously known areas, were presented. In the case of Stipa macroglossa a lectotype for the species was designated in the present paper. Illustrations for Stipa macroglossa and Orobanche ritro were also provided.
{"title":"Contribution to the flora of Asian and European countries: new national and regional vascular plant records","authors":"M. Nobis, A. Nowak, A. Nobis, B. Paszko, R. Piwowarczyk, S. Nowak, V. Plášek","doi":"10.1080/12538078.2013.871209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2013.871209","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents new records for 10 vascular plant species from three Asian and four European countries. Of this number, three species (Panicum capillare, Stipa macroglossa, Tribulus longipetalus) are reported from Tajikistan, two (Calamagrostis emodensis, Calamagrostis lahulensis) from Myanmar, two (Euphorbia taurinensis, Origanum vulgare var. megastachyum) from Poland, one (Sagina apetala) from Uzbekistan, one (Orobanche ritro) from Ukraine and Russia, and one (Leontodon saxatilis) from the Czech Republic. Eight of these taxa are new to the flora of different Asian and European countries; and two, very rare but recently spreading species, namely Leontodon saxatilis and Euphorbia taurinensis, were reported from the Czech Republic and Poland, respectively. Four of the taxa presented (Euphorbia taurinensis, Panicum capillare, Sagina apetala and Tribulus longipetalus) should be regarded as alien to the studied areas, intensively spreading or even invasive, whereas the other six are native elements given for the first time from the countries. In each of the species, synonyms, the general distribution, habitat preferences and habitats occupied in the particular country, taxonomy with remarks on recognition and differentiating the species from the most similar occurring in particular country as well as a list of localities of examined species occurring in a given country, often far from the previously known areas, were presented. In the case of Stipa macroglossa a lectotype for the species was designated in the present paper. Illustrations for Stipa macroglossa and Orobanche ritro were also provided.","PeriodicalId":7129,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Gallica","volume":"161 1","pages":"81 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12538078.2013.871209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59705260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-02DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2013.878854
Mouna Ghorbel, S. Marghali, N. Trifi-Farah, N. Chtourou-Ghorbel
Abstract The genus Lathyrus constitutes an important phytogenetic patrimony as a source of traditional foodstuffs in Tunisia. An Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) technique was employed to assess genetic diversity and relationships of seven Mediterranean species of the genus Lathyrus belonging to four sections (Lathyrus, Clymenum, Nissolia and Aphaca). The molecular characterization and fingerprint identification of 11 populations representing the Lathyrus species were conducted using 11 ISSR primers (seven 3’ anchored primers and four non-anchored primers). A total of 261 polymorphic markers have been successfully generated, ranging between 400 and 3000 base pairs, with a mean of 23.72 bands/primer. The percentage of polymorphic bands for these species was 98.12%. The ISSR technique was able to characterize and differentiate between the different studied genotypes of the Lathyrus species. Genetic distance within and between populations was estimated by calculating the similarity index. The similarity indices ranged from 0.251–0.741, with a mean of 0.386. Our data provide evidence of high molecular polymorphism, showing that both wild and cultivated species forms constitute an important pool of diversity. Despite the large distant geographical origin site, the accessions per species issued from different geographical origins are relatively related. Moreover, the genetic similarity tree showed that the two species L. sativus and L. cicera are similar showing that L. sativus may be derived from L. cicera, whereas the principal component analysis showed a clear divergence of the L. ochrus population belonging to section Clymenum from the other populations. Furthermore, L. ochrus appears to be closer to L. aphaca and L. nissolia than to the other studied species belonging to section Lathyrus.
{"title":"Phylogeny of Mediterranean Lathyrus species using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats markers","authors":"Mouna Ghorbel, S. Marghali, N. Trifi-Farah, N. Chtourou-Ghorbel","doi":"10.1080/12538078.2013.878854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2013.878854","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The genus Lathyrus constitutes an important phytogenetic patrimony as a source of traditional foodstuffs in Tunisia. An Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) technique was employed to assess genetic diversity and relationships of seven Mediterranean species of the genus Lathyrus belonging to four sections (Lathyrus, Clymenum, Nissolia and Aphaca). The molecular characterization and fingerprint identification of 11 populations representing the Lathyrus species were conducted using 11 ISSR primers (seven 3’ anchored primers and four non-anchored primers). A total of 261 polymorphic markers have been successfully generated, ranging between 400 and 3000 base pairs, with a mean of 23.72 bands/primer. The percentage of polymorphic bands for these species was 98.12%. The ISSR technique was able to characterize and differentiate between the different studied genotypes of the Lathyrus species. Genetic distance within and between populations was estimated by calculating the similarity index. The similarity indices ranged from 0.251–0.741, with a mean of 0.386. Our data provide evidence of high molecular polymorphism, showing that both wild and cultivated species forms constitute an important pool of diversity. Despite the large distant geographical origin site, the accessions per species issued from different geographical origins are relatively related. Moreover, the genetic similarity tree showed that the two species L. sativus and L. cicera are similar showing that L. sativus may be derived from L. cicera, whereas the principal component analysis showed a clear divergence of the L. ochrus population belonging to section Clymenum from the other populations. Furthermore, L. ochrus appears to be closer to L. aphaca and L. nissolia than to the other studied species belonging to section Lathyrus.","PeriodicalId":7129,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Gallica","volume":"161 1","pages":"91 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12538078.2013.878854","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59705303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-02DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2013.847020
K. Rajput, V. Patil, K. S. Rao
Abstract Structure of secondary xylem and pattern of secondary thickening in climbing species are different from those in self-supporting plants. In many climbing species, stem diameter increases by forming more than one ring of cambium (referred to as multiple/successive cambia), while their secondary xylem usually contains abundant parenchyma, large vessels and wide rays. In beach morning glory (Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br., Convolvulaceae), stem thickness increases by forming multiple rings of cambia. After a short period of normal secondary growth, the first successive cambium ensues from the pericyclic parenchyma. Thereafter, subsequent cambial rings originate from parenchyma cells produced initially by the previous cambium. In stems that are 15–20 mm thick, parenchymal cells produced by the initial activity of the previous cambia become meristematic and form small arcs of functionally inverse cambia that produce secondary xylem centrifugally and secondary phloem centripetally. Unequal production of secondary xylem by these cambia gives the stem various shapes other than cylindrical. Besides successive cambia, some cambial variants also develop in the stem which are: (1) irregularly distributed patches of thin-walled xylem parenchyma becoming meristematic and differentiating into interxylary phloem islands; (2) xylem ray cells acquiring meristematic character and behaving like cambium (referred to as ray cambium); and (3) in thick stems, internal cambium deriving from marginal pith cells, which are functionally bidirectional and producing secondary xylem centripetally and phloem centrifugally. Structure and development of successive cambia, ray cambia and internal cambium are discussed here.
{"title":"Multiple cambia and secondary xylem of Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. (Convolvulaceae)","authors":"K. Rajput, V. Patil, K. S. Rao","doi":"10.1080/12538078.2013.847020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2013.847020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Structure of secondary xylem and pattern of secondary thickening in climbing species are different from those in self-supporting plants. In many climbing species, stem diameter increases by forming more than one ring of cambium (referred to as multiple/successive cambia), while their secondary xylem usually contains abundant parenchyma, large vessels and wide rays. In beach morning glory (Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br., Convolvulaceae), stem thickness increases by forming multiple rings of cambia. After a short period of normal secondary growth, the first successive cambium ensues from the pericyclic parenchyma. Thereafter, subsequent cambial rings originate from parenchyma cells produced initially by the previous cambium. In stems that are 15–20 mm thick, parenchymal cells produced by the initial activity of the previous cambia become meristematic and form small arcs of functionally inverse cambia that produce secondary xylem centrifugally and secondary phloem centripetally. Unequal production of secondary xylem by these cambia gives the stem various shapes other than cylindrical. Besides successive cambia, some cambial variants also develop in the stem which are: (1) irregularly distributed patches of thin-walled xylem parenchyma becoming meristematic and differentiating into interxylary phloem islands; (2) xylem ray cells acquiring meristematic character and behaving like cambium (referred to as ray cambium); and (3) in thick stems, internal cambium deriving from marginal pith cells, which are functionally bidirectional and producing secondary xylem centripetally and phloem centrifugally. Structure and development of successive cambia, ray cambia and internal cambium are discussed here.","PeriodicalId":7129,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Gallica","volume":"161 1","pages":"13 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12538078.2013.847020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59705544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-02DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2013.862508
Jing Zhou, Wencai Wang, X. Gong, Zhenwen Liu
Abstract: Leaf epidermal characters of 21 species representing four sections of Peucedanum (Apiaceae) were investigated using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The stomata were anisocytic, anomocytic or staurocytic and existed on the abaxial epidermis in all the species examined, and on both surfaces in 12 species. The leaf epidermal cells were usually irregular or polygonal in shape, with anticlinal walls straight to arched, repand or sinuous. Under scanning electron microscopy, the inner margin of the outer stomatal rim was nearly smooth or sinuolate to erose, and the cuticular membrane of the leaf epidermis was striate, ridged, wrinkled or smooth. Few epidermal characters were relatively constant at section level, indicating that the traditional subdivision system for Peucedanum might be unnatural, and needs to be adjusted. Evidence from leaf epidermis, like that from molecular data, suggests that P. terebinthaceum should be separated from Peucedanum. Furthermore, results from epidermal analysis also suggest that P. wulongense should be treated in the same section with P. dissolutum, whereas P. violaceum should be transferred to section Elegantia.
{"title":"Leaf epidermal morphology in Peucedanum L. (Umbelliferae) from China","authors":"Jing Zhou, Wencai Wang, X. Gong, Zhenwen Liu","doi":"10.1080/12538078.2013.862508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2013.862508","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Leaf epidermal characters of 21 species representing four sections of Peucedanum (Apiaceae) were investigated using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The stomata were anisocytic, anomocytic or staurocytic and existed on the abaxial epidermis in all the species examined, and on both surfaces in 12 species. The leaf epidermal cells were usually irregular or polygonal in shape, with anticlinal walls straight to arched, repand or sinuous. Under scanning electron microscopy, the inner margin of the outer stomatal rim was nearly smooth or sinuolate to erose, and the cuticular membrane of the leaf epidermis was striate, ridged, wrinkled or smooth. Few epidermal characters were relatively constant at section level, indicating that the traditional subdivision system for Peucedanum might be unnatural, and needs to be adjusted. Evidence from leaf epidermis, like that from molecular data, suggests that P. terebinthaceum should be separated from Peucedanum. Furthermore, results from epidermal analysis also suggest that P. wulongense should be treated in the same section with P. dissolutum, whereas P. violaceum should be transferred to section Elegantia.","PeriodicalId":7129,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Gallica","volume":"40 1","pages":"21 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12538078.2013.862508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59705104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-02DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2013.870047
P. Marino, G. Castiglia, G. Bazan, G. Domina, R. Guarino
Abstract: Laurel woodlands in the Madonie mountains (Sicily) are characterized by the presence of Laurus nobilis, Rhamnus lojaconoi and Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris. The results of a phytosociological study are presented, and a new endemic association, Rhamno lojaconoi–Lauretum nobilis, is described. Present Mediterranean laurel communities are the result of an adaptive response by Tertiary laurel forest to the peculiar microclimatic conditions that characterize the refugia where they persist. These refugia have been recently considered as a priority habitat under the Directive 92/43/EEC, and their plant communities are very vulnerable. Protection measures of the studied laurel populations are necessary, with particular reference to the bulking up of R. lojaconoi through in situ and ex situ propagation. A multivariate analysis of 63 relevés from all the Sicilian laurel communities described so far and additional 65 relevés from all over southern Europe and the Mediterranean basin bears out the autonomy of the new association, showing at the same time some floristic affinities between Sicilian, southern Italian, Spanish and Iberian associations. Their syntaxonomic treatment is discussed.
{"title":"Tertiary relict laurophyll vegetation in the Madonie mountains (Sicily)","authors":"P. Marino, G. Castiglia, G. Bazan, G. Domina, R. Guarino","doi":"10.1080/12538078.2013.870047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2013.870047","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Laurel woodlands in the Madonie mountains (Sicily) are characterized by the presence of Laurus nobilis, Rhamnus lojaconoi and Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris. The results of a phytosociological study are presented, and a new endemic association, Rhamno lojaconoi–Lauretum nobilis, is described. Present Mediterranean laurel communities are the result of an adaptive response by Tertiary laurel forest to the peculiar microclimatic conditions that characterize the refugia where they persist. These refugia have been recently considered as a priority habitat under the Directive 92/43/EEC, and their plant communities are very vulnerable. Protection measures of the studied laurel populations are necessary, with particular reference to the bulking up of R. lojaconoi through in situ and ex situ propagation. A multivariate analysis of 63 relevés from all the Sicilian laurel communities described so far and additional 65 relevés from all over southern Europe and the Mediterranean basin bears out the autonomy of the new association, showing at the same time some floristic affinities between Sicilian, southern Italian, Spanish and Iberian associations. Their syntaxonomic treatment is discussed.","PeriodicalId":7129,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Gallica","volume":"161 1","pages":"47 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12538078.2013.870047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59705218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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