Acta Psychologica最新文献

Curiosity arises from metacognitive evaluations of existing knowledge and drives information-seeking behaviors. Past research examining curiosity when retrieval fails used measures of confidence, Feeling-of-Knowing, and Tip-of-the-Tongue states (Brooks et al., 2021; Dubey & Griffiths, 2020; Metcalfe et al., 2017). The present study examines curiosity for irretrievable information by employing phenomenological states of memory failures (Umanath et al., 2025). Participants answered general knowledge questions and selected a phenomenological category to represent any retrieval failure experience, choosing among four categories from "It's on the tip of my tongue" (closest to potential retrieval) to "I have never known or seen this information" (furthest from retrieval). They then rated their curiosity to see the answer for each question. Consistent with the Proximity to Retrieval Success framework (Umanath et al., 2025), curiosity was higher for categories closer to retrieval and decreased as perceived proximity to retrieval decreased.

Background: Emotion regulation (ER) difficulties, overall psychopathological burden and poor impulse control may explain the comorbidity between compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) and cocaine use disorder (CUD). Although some studies have assessed the prevalence of CSB in CUD patients, more data are needed to better understand their relationship. This study first examined whether ER difficulties at treatment entry for CUD predict CSB after outpatient treatment. Second, it explored whether CSB and psychopathological burden are associated with worse treatment outcomes after inpatient and outpatient treatment in CUD patients.

Methods: Seventy participants entered a 14-day inpatient detoxification treatment followed by an 8-week outpatient treatment. At entry, cocaine use, psychopathology, CSB, ER, and personality traits were assessed. These measures were administered again after the inpatient and outpatient programs.

Results: At baseline, participants screening positive for CSB had fewer years of cocaine use, higher psychopathology, more depressive symptoms, greater impulsivity, reward sensitivity, and ER difficulties than those without CSB. Impulse control difficulties, limited access to ER strategies, and low emotional awareness at hospital admission predicted probable CSB after outpatient treatment. Probable CSB at treatment entry predicted dropout after inpatient treatment but did not predict dropout or relapse following outpatient treatment. Psychopathological burden did not predict any treatment outcomes.

Discussion: These findings suggest that comorbid CUD and probable CSB may lead to poorer treatment outcomes after inpatient detoxification. Screening for CSB and ER deficits at treatment entry may prevent the development of CSB, limiting the likelihood of poor outcomes and enhancing the psychotherapeutic management of CUD.

The most important resource for an organization's success is still its human capital. Despite being the primary driver of organizational success, human resources' motivation and interpersonal dynamics are frequently taken into account independently of structural design. But in this paradigm, integrating structural and motivational theories is considered to be necessary to comprehend organizational behavior. The study offers a theoretical synthesis by applying McGregor's theories X and Y to Mintzberg's five organizational components-strategic apex, middle line, operating core, technostructure, and support staff-within a postmodern framework. Through conceptual clarification, advances in literature, and participant observations, the study demonstrates how managerial assumptions impact organizational dynamics across structural layers. The findings demonstrate that theory Y is compatible with leadership and knowledge-intensive roles, encouraging creativity, autonomy, and participatory decision-making, while hybrid X-Y applications optimize coordination and standardization functions, ensuring accountability and operational efficiency. By bridging classical and neoclassical paradigms to propose a structural-motivational alignment model, the study advances organizational theory, provides managers and policymakers with practical insights to create adaptive strategies that improve engagement, innovation, and resilience, and enhances the discussion in organizational psychology and management science. Future research on motivation-driven structural design in dynamic and complex environments will have a strong basis thanks to the interdisciplinary implications that span organizational psychology, leadership studies, and human resource management. Contribution: The study's unique contribution in this context is an applied concept that links McGregor's theories X and Y with Mintzberg's five components of organization while upholding the widely accepted premise that people are an organization's primary source of success.