Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104541
Tong Zhang, Shaowei Xiong
Background
Virtual Reality (VR) has demonstrated tremendous potential to transform the tourism industry, offering tourists immersive experiences in remote destinations with reduced costs. Drawing on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and expectancy theory, we investigated the intricate interplay between expectancy, valence, and instrumentality and tourists' VR tourism intention through perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness.
Methods
Our structural equation modeling results based on the survey of 282 VR tourists in China revealed that expectancy, valence, and instrumentality significantly impact perceived ease of use, which in turn affects VR tourism intention.
Results
Perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness each mediate the relationship between expectancy, valence, instrumentality, and VR tourism intention.
Conclusion
These results contribute to the VR tourism literature and offer practical insights for destination operators and marketers aiming to enhance VR tourism experiences and promote technology adoption in the tourism industry.
{"title":"Exploring the influence of expectancy, valence, and instrumentality on VR tourism intention: A framework based on TAM and expectancy theory","authors":"Tong Zhang, Shaowei Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Virtual Reality (VR) has demonstrated tremendous potential to transform the tourism industry, offering tourists immersive experiences in remote destinations with reduced costs. Drawing on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and expectancy theory, we investigated the intricate interplay between expectancy, valence, and instrumentality and tourists' VR tourism intention through perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our structural equation modeling results based on the survey of 282 VR tourists in China revealed that expectancy, valence, and instrumentality significantly impact perceived ease of use, which in turn affects VR tourism intention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness each mediate the relationship between expectancy, valence, instrumentality, and VR tourism intention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results contribute to the VR tourism literature and offer practical insights for destination operators and marketers aiming to enhance VR tourism experiences and promote technology adoption in the tourism industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7141,"journal":{"name":"Acta Psychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142492724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104540
Murat Yıldırım , Zafer Güney Çağış , Izaddin Ahmad Aziz , Amelia Rizzo , Mehmet Emin Turan , Gabriella Nucera , Hicham Khabbache , Lukasz Szarpak , Francesco Chirico , Salvatore Zaffina
Background
While many studies have explored the direct impact of psychosocial factors on affective experiences, there remains a gap in understanding the specific factors that mediate the relationships between social support and affective outcomes.
Objective
The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-esteem in the association between social support and affective experiences among a sample of Turkish undergraduate students.
Method
The study utilized an online survey to recruit 300 participants, with a majority of female participants (59.33 %). The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 28 years (Mage = 21.15; SD = 1.86). Participants completed the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet et al., 1988), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), and the Scales of Positive and Negative Experiences (Diener et al., 2010).
Results
The mediation model with bootstrapping technique analysis revealed that social support was significantly associated with self-esteem and positive affective experiences. Self-esteem was also significantly associated with both positive and negative affective experiences. Additionally, self-esteem was found to partially mediate the relationship between social support and both positive and negative affective experiences, indicating that self-esteem acted as a mediator in these associations.
Conclusions
These findings contribute to our understanding of the association between social support, self-esteem, and affective experiences and have implications for the development and implementation of interventions aimed at enhancing the positive effects of social support and self-esteem on affective experiences among young adults.
{"title":"The mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between social support and affective experiences among undergraduate students in Turkey","authors":"Murat Yıldırım , Zafer Güney Çağış , Izaddin Ahmad Aziz , Amelia Rizzo , Mehmet Emin Turan , Gabriella Nucera , Hicham Khabbache , Lukasz Szarpak , Francesco Chirico , Salvatore Zaffina","doi":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While many studies have explored the direct impact of psychosocial factors on affective experiences, there remains a gap in understanding the specific factors that mediate the relationships between social support and affective outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-esteem in the association between social support and affective experiences among a sample of Turkish undergraduate students.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study utilized an online survey to recruit 300 participants, with a majority of female participants (59.33 %). The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 28 years (M<sub>age</sub> = 21.15; <em>SD</em> = 1.86). Participants completed the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet et al., 1988), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), and the Scales of Positive and Negative Experiences (Diener et al., 2010).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mediation model with bootstrapping technique analysis revealed that social support was significantly associated with self-esteem and positive affective experiences. Self-esteem was also significantly associated with both positive and negative affective experiences. Additionally, self-esteem was found to partially mediate the relationship between social support and both positive and negative affective experiences, indicating that self-esteem acted as a mediator in these associations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings contribute to our understanding of the association between social support, self-esteem, and affective experiences and have implications for the development and implementation of interventions aimed at enhancing the positive effects of social support and self-esteem on affective experiences among young adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7141,"journal":{"name":"Acta Psychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142492728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104487
Ruirui Lian, Pingxia Shen, Yunhong Wu, Yinghua Liu
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Linking undergraduates' future orientation and their employability confidence: The role of vocational identity clarity and internship effectiveness\" [Acta Psychol. 248 (2024) 104360].","authors":"Ruirui Lian, Pingxia Shen, Yunhong Wu, Yinghua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104487","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7141,"journal":{"name":"Acta Psychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142278720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104506
Kun Wang , Shaobo Cai , Tao Huang , Zhangyan Deng , Jiali Qian , Yanxia Chen , Guozhuang Chen , Lei Xu , Peisi Wang , Yuhan Zhang , Yuhan Qiu , Chun Xie
Obesity has become a prominent public health concern worldwide and is associated with adverse cognitive function. Exercise, particularly aerobic exercise, is known to benefit for weight loss and cognitive function. However, whether acute aerobic exercise could yield benefits to obese individuals and the precise brain mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. The study aimed to investigate whether acute aerobic exercise could improve inhibitory control among obese individuals and what neuroelectric mechanisms are implicated. A 3 (session: control, low-intensity exercise, moderate-intensity exercise) × 2 (congruency: congruent, incongruent) within-subject design was conducted. 18 obese young male adults underwent three sessions of 30-min interventions in a counterbalanced order seperated by five days: moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (MIE), low-intensity aerobic exercise (LIE) and a control session (a sedentary period of seated rest). The Flanker task and EEG recordings (N2 and P3 amplitude) were investigated following exercise and the control treatment. Results showed that the N2 amplitude following MIE was larger than the control session, whereas a larger N2 and reduced congruent P3 amplitude was observed following MIE than LIE. However, no main effect of the session was found for reaction time and accuracy, but a significant main effect of congruency was observed. These findings suggest acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may modulate brain activity through enhanced recruitment of attentional resources for cognitive control and conflict monitoring in adults with obesity.
{"title":"Unveiling the neural mechanisms of acute aerobic exercise on inhibitory control among young adults with obesity: Insights from an ERP study","authors":"Kun Wang , Shaobo Cai , Tao Huang , Zhangyan Deng , Jiali Qian , Yanxia Chen , Guozhuang Chen , Lei Xu , Peisi Wang , Yuhan Zhang , Yuhan Qiu , Chun Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity has become a prominent public health concern worldwide and is associated with adverse cognitive function. Exercise, particularly aerobic exercise, is known to benefit for weight loss and cognitive function. However, whether acute aerobic exercise could yield benefits to obese individuals and the precise brain mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. The study aimed to investigate whether acute aerobic exercise could improve inhibitory control among obese individuals and what neuroelectric mechanisms are implicated. A 3 (session: control, low-intensity exercise, moderate-intensity exercise) × 2 (congruency: congruent, incongruent) within-subject design was conducted. 18 obese young male adults underwent three sessions of 30-min interventions in a counterbalanced order seperated by five days: moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (MIE), low-intensity aerobic exercise (LIE) and a control session (a sedentary period of seated rest). The Flanker task and EEG recordings (N2 and P3 amplitude) were investigated following exercise and the control treatment. Results showed that the N2 amplitude following MIE was larger than the control session, whereas a larger N2 and reduced congruent P3 amplitude was observed following MIE than LIE. However, no main effect of the session was found for reaction time and accuracy, but a significant main effect of congruency was observed. These findings suggest acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may modulate brain activity through enhanced recruitment of attentional resources for cognitive control and conflict monitoring in adults with obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7141,"journal":{"name":"Acta Psychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104509
Niklas Pivecka, Sonja Kunz, Arnd Florack
We examine whether the prevalence of healthy and tasty food options in restaurant menus leads to the formation of beliefs about the relationship between healthiness and taste that deviate from the correlation of healthiness and taste ratings. Participants (N = 195) rated the healthiness and taste of twelve dishes from two different restaurant types (American and vegetarian restaurants), estimated the frequencies of healthy and tasty options, and reported their health-taste beliefs. Results show that ratings of perceived healthiness and expected taste are uncorrelated in both restaurant types, but participants formed the misbelief that unhealthy dishes taste better than healthy dishes to a greater extent in American than in vegetarian restaurants. Regression analyses revealed that the absolute frequencies of food options were significantly related to participants' health-taste beliefs while controlling for the correlation between healthiness and taste ratings in both restaurant types. Participants were more likely to believe that healthy food tastes better than unhealthy food when they perceived that healthy and tasty food were both frequent (or infrequent) in the respective restaurant type. Our results provide evidence that relying on absolute frequencies, rather than covariation, to infer the relationship between healthiness and taste may lead to misbeliefs that do not reflect the health-taste correlation of individual food items.
{"title":"From menus to misbeliefs: Absolute frequencies of healthy and tasty dishes predict the unhealthy = tasty belief in restaurants","authors":"Niklas Pivecka, Sonja Kunz, Arnd Florack","doi":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine whether the prevalence of healthy and tasty food options in restaurant menus leads to the formation of beliefs about the relationship between healthiness and taste that deviate from the correlation of healthiness and taste ratings. Participants (<em>N</em> = 195) rated the healthiness and taste of twelve dishes from two different restaurant types (American and vegetarian restaurants), estimated the frequencies of healthy and tasty options, and reported their health-taste beliefs. Results show that ratings of perceived healthiness and expected taste are uncorrelated in both restaurant types, but participants formed the misbelief that unhealthy dishes taste better than healthy dishes to a greater extent in American than in vegetarian restaurants. Regression analyses revealed that the absolute frequencies of food options were significantly related to participants' health-taste beliefs while controlling for the correlation between healthiness and taste ratings in both restaurant types. Participants were more likely to believe that healthy food tastes better than unhealthy food when they perceived that healthy and tasty food were both frequent (or infrequent) in the respective restaurant type. Our results provide evidence that relying on absolute frequencies, rather than covariation, to infer the relationship between healthiness and taste may lead to misbeliefs that do not reflect the health-taste correlation of individual food items.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7141,"journal":{"name":"Acta Psychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142363937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104507
Zimi Li, Xiangkui Zhang
Objective
The Communal Narcissism Inventory (CNI) was applied to college students to explore the factor structure of the scale under the background of Chinese culture, and to test its reliability and validity.
Methods
949 university students were measured with CNI scale. The prosocial behavior scale, self-esteem scale and Big Five personality scale were used to verify the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of CNI scale. Three weeks later, 90 college students were randomly selected for retesting.
Results
The bifactor model is more suitable for university students than the single-factor model. Cronbach'α are 0.92, 0.91 and 0.86. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis show that the project load is between 0.52 and 0.84, the correlation coefficient is significant, and there is a good fitting index.
Conclusion
The Chinese version of CNI has reasonable reliability and validity under the Chinese cultural background, and can be used for the evaluation and research of communal narcissism of domestic university students.
{"title":"Reliability and validity of communal narcissism scale in Chinese university students","authors":"Zimi Li, Xiangkui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The Communal Narcissism Inventory (CNI) was applied to college students to explore the factor structure of the scale under the background of Chinese culture, and to test its reliability and validity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>949 university students were measured with CNI scale. The prosocial behavior scale, self-esteem scale and Big Five personality scale were used to verify the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of CNI scale. Three weeks later, 90 college students were randomly selected for retesting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The bifactor model is more suitable for university students than the single-factor model. Cronbach'α are 0.92, 0.91 and 0.86. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis show that the project load is between 0.52 and 0.84, the correlation coefficient is significant, and there is a good fitting index.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Chinese version of CNI has reasonable reliability and validity under the Chinese cultural background, and can be used for the evaluation and research of communal narcissism of domestic university students.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7141,"journal":{"name":"Acta Psychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142374964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104510
Line Børtveit , Tine Nordgreen , Anders Nordahl-Hansen
This qualitative study explored the experiences of individuals testing a novel internet-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy program (iACT) for patients with mild and moderate depressive disorder. Twelve participants, consisting of one male and 11 females with a history of depression but not currently depressed were recruited. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted after 14 days of access to the iACT without therapist guidance. By using reflexive thematic analysis three key themes reflecting important aspects of the participants' experiences were created. ‘Theme 1: I would have been too ill to benefit from the program’ points to generally positive sentiments about the program among participants but raised concerns about treatment adherence during a depressive episode. ‘Theme 2: It has the potential to fill gaps in healthcare services’ highlighted the program's perceived role as a supplement to current health services rather than as a standalone intervention. ‘Theme 3: It is not perfect for anyone’ underscored the participants different views on how their personal needs would be met by this program and the lack of tailoring to individual preferences. These findings provide valuable insights for refining future internet-delivered intervention development targeting patients with depression or other mental health challenges.
{"title":"Exploring experiences with an internet-delivered ACT intervention among individuals with a personal history of depression: A thematic analysis","authors":"Line Børtveit , Tine Nordgreen , Anders Nordahl-Hansen","doi":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This qualitative study explored the experiences of individuals testing a novel internet-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy program (iACT) for patients with mild and moderate depressive disorder. Twelve participants, consisting of one male and 11 females with a history of depression but not currently depressed were recruited. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted after 14 days of access to the iACT without therapist guidance. By using reflexive thematic analysis three key themes reflecting important aspects of the participants' experiences were created. ‘Theme 1: I would have been too ill to benefit from the program’ points to generally positive sentiments about the program among participants but raised concerns about treatment adherence during a depressive episode. ‘Theme 2: It has the potential to fill gaps in healthcare services’ highlighted the program's perceived role as a supplement to current health services rather than as a standalone intervention. ‘Theme 3: It is not perfect for anyone’ underscored the participants different views on how their personal needs would be met by this program and the lack of tailoring to individual preferences. These findings provide valuable insights for refining future internet-delivered intervention development targeting patients with depression or other mental health challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7141,"journal":{"name":"Acta Psychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104531
Yin Sun , Bo Yu , Jin Song , Yuehong Han , Xudong Zhang
This study explores the role of family and community support in promoting active aging among the elderly in China, utilizing data from the seventh wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. We analyzed how family support and psychological resilience contribute to active aging. Our findings indicate that while general family support shows a negative correlation with psychological resilience and active aging, emotional support from the family positively influences both. Additionally, psychological resilience is a partial mediator in this relationship, with community support as a moderator. The results suggest that interventions to increase emotional support from family and community could significantly enhance active aging.
{"title":"The impact of emotional support on active aging among the elderly in China","authors":"Yin Sun , Bo Yu , Jin Song , Yuehong Han , Xudong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the role of family and community support in promoting active aging among the elderly in China, utilizing data from the seventh wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. We analyzed how family support and psychological resilience contribute to active aging. Our findings indicate that while general family support shows a negative correlation with psychological resilience and active aging, emotional support from the family positively influences both. Additionally, psychological resilience is a partial mediator in this relationship, with community support as a moderator. The results suggest that interventions to increase emotional support from family and community could significantly enhance active aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7141,"journal":{"name":"Acta Psychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142492727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104543
Yiping Wang , Huiying Zhang , Zhiqing Hu , Yuhao Ma , Yanjun Sun , Juhong Zhang , Yuan He
Background
Prosocial behavior is essential for effective patient communication and building a positive doctor-patient relationship in medical students. Research on the factors influencing prosocial behavior in medical students is limited. This research aims to examine how perceived social support influences prosocial behavior among medical students, focusing on the mediating role of empathy and the moderating role of moral identity.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 2425 medical students from central and southern Jiangsu province. Participants were assessed using the Prosocial Behavior Scale, Interpersonal Response Index Scale, Moral Identity Scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale, with data collected through via an online questionnaire. SPSS PROCESS macro model 4.1 was used to examine the mediating effect and the moderating effect.
Results
Perceived social support showed a significant positive correlation with prosocial behavior among medical students. The indirect effects of perceived social support on prosocial behavior through perspective taking (βindirect = 0.11, 95% Boot CI [0.09, 0.13]) and empathic concern (βindirect = 0.08, 95% Boot CI [0.06, 0.10]) confirmed the mediating roles of these variables, accounting for 32.05% and 23.82% of the total effect, respectively. However, personal distress did not mediate this relationship (βindirect = −0.004, 95% Boot CI [−0.01, 0.005]). Moral identity significantly moderated the effect of perceived social support on perspective taking (β = 0.05, p < 0.01) and the relationship between perspective taking and prosocial behavior (β = 0.12, p < 0.001). Additionally, moral identity also moderated the relationships between perceived social support and empathic concern (β = −0.05, p < 0.01) and between empathic concern and prosocial behavior (β = 0.08, p < 0.001). While the interaction between perceived social support and moral identity predicted personal distress (β = 0.04, p < 0.05), moral identity did not moderate the relationship between personal distress and prosocial behavior (β = 0.03, p = 0.12).
Conclusion
This study underscores the link between perceived social support and prosocial behavior, highlighting the significant roles of perspective taking, empathic concern, and moral identity in this relationship. These findings underscore the potential of cultivating these psychological mechanisms to foster caring and prosocial behaviors among medical students, providing important references for future educational interventions and policy formulation.
{"title":"Perceived social support and prosocial behavior in medical students: Mediating effect of empathy and moderating role of moral identity","authors":"Yiping Wang , Huiying Zhang , Zhiqing Hu , Yuhao Ma , Yanjun Sun , Juhong Zhang , Yuan He","doi":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prosocial behavior is essential for effective patient communication and building a positive doctor-patient relationship in medical students. Research on the factors influencing prosocial behavior in medical students is limited. This research aims to examine how perceived social support influences prosocial behavior among medical students, focusing on the mediating role of empathy and the moderating role of moral identity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 2425 medical students from central and southern Jiangsu province. Participants were assessed using the Prosocial Behavior Scale, Interpersonal Response Index Scale, Moral Identity Scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale, with data collected through via an online questionnaire. SPSS PROCESS macro model 4.1 was used to examine the mediating effect and the moderating effect.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Perceived social support showed a significant positive correlation with prosocial behavior among medical students. The indirect effects of perceived social support on prosocial behavior through perspective taking (<em>β</em><sub><em>indirect</em></sub> = 0.11, 95% Boot CI [0.09, 0.13]) and empathic concern (<em>β</em><sub><em>indirect</em></sub> = 0.08, 95% Boot CI [0.06, 0.10]) confirmed the mediating roles of these variables, accounting for 32.05% and 23.82% of the total effect, respectively. However, personal distress did not mediate this relationship (<em>β</em><sub><em>indirect</em></sub> = −0.004, 95% Boot CI [−0.01, 0.005]). Moral identity significantly moderated the effect of perceived social support on perspective taking (<em>β</em> = 0.05, <em>p</em> < 0.01) and the relationship between perspective taking and prosocial behavior (<em>β</em> = 0.12, <em>p</em> < 0.001). Additionally, moral identity also moderated the relationships between perceived social support and empathic concern (<em>β</em> = −0.05, <em>p</em> < 0.01) and between empathic concern and prosocial behavior (<em>β</em> = 0.08, <em>p</em> < 0.001). While the interaction between perceived social support and moral identity predicted personal distress (<em>β</em> = 0.04, <em>p</em> < 0.05), moral identity did not moderate the relationship between personal distress and prosocial behavior (<em>β</em> = 0.03, <em>p</em> = 0.12).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores the link between perceived social support and prosocial behavior, highlighting the significant roles of perspective taking, empathic concern, and moral identity in this relationship. These findings underscore the potential of cultivating these psychological mechanisms to foster caring and prosocial behaviors among medical students, providing important references for future educational interventions and policy formulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7141,"journal":{"name":"Acta Psychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104536
Mengxin Li , Nayeon Kim
The integration of virtual reality (VR) and multisensory experiences offers a novel approach to enhancing workspace design, particularly for home office environments. This preliminary study examines the effects of visual and olfactory stimuli in a VR-simulated smart home environment on presence, task performance, heart rate, and mood. Sensory conditions, including visual, olfactory, and combined stimuli, were controlled in an experiment with 60 participants to assess both physiological and psychological responses. Task performance was measured through cognitive tests, while heart rate and mood states were monitored using a heart rate sensor and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), respectively. Statistical results showed that the sense of presence provided by VR and specific conditions—such as visual stimuli (e.g., intelligent lighting systems)—effectively enhanced work efficiency, with task performance under visual stimuli significantly outperforming that under olfactory stimuli (e.g., peppermint scent). However, these sensory stimuli did not significantly affect heart rate or emotions. Our findings underscore the potential of sensory design to improve task performance and highlight the importance of the sensory environment in designing home offices, suggesting that sensory stimuli can enhance work efficiency in remote or virtual work settings.
{"title":"Exploring multisensory home office design in virtual reality: Effects on task performance, heart rate, and emotion","authors":"Mengxin Li , Nayeon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of virtual reality (VR) and multisensory experiences offers a novel approach to enhancing workspace design, particularly for home office environments. This preliminary study examines the effects of visual and olfactory stimuli in a VR-simulated smart home environment on presence, task performance, heart rate, and mood. Sensory conditions, including visual, olfactory, and combined stimuli, were controlled in an experiment with 60 participants to assess both physiological and psychological responses. Task performance was measured through cognitive tests, while heart rate and mood states were monitored using a heart rate sensor and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), respectively. Statistical results showed that the sense of presence provided by VR and specific conditions—such as visual stimuli (e.g., intelligent lighting systems)—effectively enhanced work efficiency, with task performance under visual stimuli significantly outperforming that under olfactory stimuli (e.g., peppermint scent). However, these sensory stimuli did not significantly affect heart rate or emotions. Our findings underscore the potential of sensory design to improve task performance and highlight the importance of the sensory environment in designing home offices, suggesting that sensory stimuli can enhance work efficiency in remote or virtual work settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7141,"journal":{"name":"Acta Psychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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