A. Wesołowska, Elżbieta Szczygieł-Pilut, Łukasz Hońdo, Kinga Wojewodzic, S. Kozłowska, Anna Zajączkowska-Dutkiewicz, Daniel Pilut, M. Michalski, A. Cios
The present study was to develop and validate a rapid analytical method of high-performance liquid chromatography with UV (HPLC/UV) detection for the determination of levetiracetam (LEV) concentration in human serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. The newly developed method was used to measure LEV concentration in the serum/CSF of 29 patients with different types of epilepsy; 52% (group I, n = 15) were treated with LEV in monotherapy, 48% (group II, n = 14) were co-administered with other AEDs. Serum and CSF levels of LEV were correlated with patients dosage, concomitant AEDs, therapeutic effect, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The calibration curves for serum and CSF were linear in the range 0.5-100 and 0.5-50 mg/L, respectively, with a coefficient correlation (R) value > 0.998 in each case. The quantitation limit was 0.5 mg/L in serum and CSF. The validated method was found to be selective, precise, and accurate. Optimal Cssmin values according to International League Against Epilepsy (12-46 mg/L) were achieved in 40 and 50% of patients in group I and II, and did not correlate with treatment efficacy in 27 and 21% patients, respectively. The ratio of serum LEV to CSF concentration (Kp) after 2 h administration LEV ranged in group I from 0.31 to 0.92 and in group II from 0.18 to 0.65. These findings indicate that the developed simple and rapid HPLC/UV method may be useful for monitoring serum/CSF LEV concentrations in patients receiving standard doses.
{"title":"Reliable HPLC-UV method for therapeutic levetiracetam monitoring in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with epilepsy","authors":"A. Wesołowska, Elżbieta Szczygieł-Pilut, Łukasz Hońdo, Kinga Wojewodzic, S. Kozłowska, Anna Zajączkowska-Dutkiewicz, Daniel Pilut, M. Michalski, A. Cios","doi":"10.32383/appdr/168230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32383/appdr/168230","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was to develop and validate a rapid analytical method of high-performance liquid chromatography with UV (HPLC/UV) detection for the determination of levetiracetam (LEV) concentration in human serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. The newly developed method was used to measure LEV concentration in the serum/CSF of 29 patients with different types of epilepsy; 52% (group I, n = 15) were treated with LEV in monotherapy, 48% (group II, n = 14) were co-administered with other AEDs. Serum and CSF levels of LEV were correlated with patients dosage, concomitant AEDs, therapeutic effect, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs).\u0000The calibration curves for serum and CSF were linear in the range 0.5-100 and 0.5-50 mg/L, respectively, with a coefficient correlation (R) value > 0.998 in each case. The quantitation limit was 0.5 mg/L in serum and CSF. The validated method was found to be selective, precise, and accurate. Optimal Cssmin values according to International League Against Epilepsy (12-46 mg/L) were achieved in 40 and 50% of patients in group I and II, and did not correlate with treatment efficacy in 27 and 21% patients, respectively. The ratio of serum LEV to CSF concentration (Kp) after 2 h administration LEV ranged in group I from 0.31 to 0.92 and in group II from 0.18 to 0.65. These findings indicate that the developed simple and rapid HPLC/UV method may be useful for monitoring serum/CSF LEV concentrations in patients receiving standard doses.","PeriodicalId":7147,"journal":{"name":"Acta poloniae pharmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42180535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pharmaceutical care is an activity aimed at protecting the patient’s health. The purpose of this benefit is to provide assistance in receiving and safely using the drug. The idea of pharmaceutical care originated in the United States in the 70s’ of the 20th century although the issue had already been discussed in the interwar period. The definition in force in Poland is contained in the Act on the Profession of Pharmacist (Act of September 10, 2020). The program includes pharmaceutical consultations, performing medications reviews, developing pharmaceutical care plans considering the patient’s drug-related problems, performing diagnostic tests and issuing prescriptions that are a continuation of a medical order(1). This paper reviews the current literature on the use of metformin in patients with multimorbidity. Special attention was given to the studies on probability of occurrence potential drug-related problems in the treatment of these diseases. The analysis shows that the most difficulties are caused by the lack of knowledge about the treatment used by patients. The result is often a reduction in the regularity of therapy or even resignation from it. The obtained observations related to the combined use of drugs from different therapeutic groups should help to systematize knowledge about the current needs and expectations of patients. Properly conducted pharmaceutical care, including the preparation of drug reviews and education, can significantly improve the effectiveness of treatment. The article emphasizes the importance of the cooperation of the patient, doctor and pharmacist in achieving and maintaining the proper quality of life of the patient.
{"title":"Dispensing metformin with other drugs and dietary supplements in pharmaceutical care in patients with multimorbidity","authors":"L. Żyrek, L. Bułaś, M. Latocha","doi":"10.32383/appdr/168954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32383/appdr/168954","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceutical care is an activity aimed at protecting the patient’s health. The purpose of this benefit is to provide assistance in receiving and safely using the drug. The idea of pharmaceutical care originated in the United States in the 70s’ of the 20th century although the issue had already been discussed in the interwar period. The definition in force in Poland is contained in the Act on the Profession of Pharmacist (Act of September 10, 2020). The program includes pharmaceutical consultations, performing medications reviews, developing pharmaceutical care plans considering the patient’s drug-related problems, performing diagnostic tests and issuing prescriptions that are a continuation of a medical order(1).\u0000This paper reviews the current literature on the use of metformin in patients with multimorbidity. Special attention was given to the studies on probability of occurrence potential drug-related problems in the treatment of these diseases. The analysis shows that the most difficulties are caused by the lack of knowledge about the treatment used by patients. The result is often a reduction in the regularity of therapy or even resignation from it. The obtained observations related to the combined use of drugs from different therapeutic groups should help to systematize knowledge about the current needs and expectations of patients. Properly conducted pharmaceutical care, including the preparation of drug reviews and education, can significantly improve the effectiveness of treatment. The article emphasizes the importance of the cooperation of the patient, doctor and pharmacist in achieving and maintaining the proper quality of life of the patient.","PeriodicalId":7147,"journal":{"name":"Acta poloniae pharmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43791245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A selective, sensitive and low sample consumption GC method for determination of residual solvents in PSMA samples was developed. Selectivity with respect to solvents such as ethanol, diethyl ether, 2-propanole, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, used in manufacturing of PSMA-11, was obtained on two different GC systems and columns. In all these cases, good separation and other system suitability parameters were obtained. The values of detection limit (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were estimated and verified experimentally for ethanol, diethyl ether, 2-propanol (IPA), acetonitrile (ACN) and dichloromethane. Full validation parameters i.e.: selectivity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness and system suitability parameters are presented with respect to ACN and IPA. Accuracy and precision were measured on two GC systems. Statistical tests exhibit, that there are no significant differences in accuracy and precision between two GC systems
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF RESIDUAL SOLVENTS IN PSMA 11 - AN ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL SUBSTANCE IN PSMA-11 KIT FOR Ga-68 LABELLING","authors":"R. Lipka, A. Kokoszka, A. Sawicka","doi":"10.32383/appdr/168295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32383/appdr/168295","url":null,"abstract":"A selective, sensitive and low sample consumption GC method for determination of residual solvents in PSMA samples was developed. Selectivity with respect to solvents such as ethanol, diethyl ether, 2-propanole, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, used in manufacturing of PSMA-11, was obtained on two different GC systems and columns. In all these cases, good separation and other system suitability parameters were obtained. The values of detection limit (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were estimated and verified experimentally for ethanol, diethyl ether, 2-propanol (IPA), acetonitrile (ACN) and dichloromethane. Full validation parameters i.e.: selectivity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness and system suitability parameters are presented with respect to ACN and IPA. Accuracy and precision were measured on two GC systems. Statistical tests exhibit, that there are no significant differences in accuracy and precision between two GC systems","PeriodicalId":7147,"journal":{"name":"Acta poloniae pharmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46289923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The method for simultaneous determination of the two types of principal components, C21- steroids and acetophenones, in Cynanchum bungei, C. auriculatum and C. wilfordii by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) was developed for the first time. Under the optimized conditions, good linearities (R2≥0.999) were obtained for all analytes, and relative standard deviations (RSDs) of HPLC-UV method validation ranged from 0.01-1.62%. The results of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2-azobis-3ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radical scavenging assays indicated that the three species had a significant antioxidant activity, with the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) range of 64.56-593.38 μg/mL. Combined with bivariate analysis, the fingerprint-activity relationship of the offline antioxidant activity of the three species with their fingerprints peak was studied, and the results revealed a dose-effect relationship between acetophenones and antioxidant activity. This study provides a theoretical basis for the correct identification and application of the antioxidant activities of C. auriculatum, C. wilfordii and C. bungei.
{"title":"HPLC-UV profiles of Cynanchum auricutalaum, Cynanchum bungei and Cynanchum wilfordii and relationships of their antioxidant activities","authors":"Pingsu He, Lingchuan Xu, J. Jin, Junyou Jian, Chunmao Yuan, Wei Gu, X. Hao, Lie-jun Huang","doi":"10.32383/appdr/163096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32383/appdr/163096","url":null,"abstract":"The method for simultaneous determination of the two types of principal components, C21- steroids and acetophenones, in Cynanchum bungei, C. auriculatum and C. wilfordii by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) was developed for the first time. Under the optimized conditions, good linearities (R2≥0.999) were obtained for all analytes, and relative standard deviations (RSDs) of HPLC-UV method validation ranged from 0.01-1.62%. The results of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2-azobis-3ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radical scavenging assays indicated that the three species had a significant antioxidant activity, with the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) range of 64.56-593.38 μg/mL. Combined with bivariate analysis, the fingerprint-activity relationship of the offline antioxidant activity of the three species with their fingerprints peak was studied, and the results revealed a dose-effect relationship between acetophenones and antioxidant activity. This study provides a theoretical basis for the correct identification and application of the antioxidant activities of C. auriculatum, C. wilfordii and C. bungei.","PeriodicalId":7147,"journal":{"name":"Acta poloniae pharmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48799802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We were interested in finding smallest possible ligands of the NK1 receptor (NK1R). Based on structural considerations and molecular docking (scoring) we selected six simple (low molecular weight, MW) 3,5-bistrifluoromethylbenzene derivatives and tested them for human NK1R affinity. The compounds turned out to have detectable but very low affinity for the receptor (IC50 > 100 μM). The discrepancy between the docking scores and the experimental affinity provoked us to perform additional tests of AutoDock Vina scoring function performance against NK1R. The scoring function did not differentiate low MW-low affinity from low MW-high affinity binders, while it underestimated affinity of low MW-high affinity in comparison to high MW-high affinity compounds. The scoring function did not achieve satisfactory performance in discerning low MW-low affinity and low MW-high affinity binders from the sets of decoys. Analysis of molecular dynamics simulation of one of the studied compounds with NK1R suggests that docking might overestimate strength of the H-bond interaction.
{"title":"NK1 receptor binding of a few low molecular weight 3,5-bistrifluoromethylbenzene derivatives","authors":"Piotr F. J. Lipiński, Joanna Matalińska","doi":"10.32383/appdr/163051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32383/appdr/163051","url":null,"abstract":"We were interested in finding smallest possible ligands of the NK1 receptor (NK1R). Based on structural considerations and molecular docking (scoring) we selected six simple (low molecular weight, MW) 3,5-bistrifluoromethylbenzene derivatives and tested them for human NK1R affinity. The compounds turned out to have detectable but very low affinity for the receptor (IC50 > 100 μM). The discrepancy between the docking scores and the experimental affinity provoked us to perform additional tests of AutoDock Vina scoring function performance against NK1R. The scoring function did not differentiate low MW-low affinity from low MW-high affinity binders, while it underestimated affinity of low MW-high affinity in comparison to high MW-high affinity compounds. The scoring function did not achieve satisfactory performance in discerning low MW-low affinity and low MW-high affinity binders from the sets of decoys. Analysis of molecular dynamics simulation of one of the studied compounds with NK1R suggests that docking might overestimate strength of the H-bond interaction.","PeriodicalId":7147,"journal":{"name":"Acta poloniae pharmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45760492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Sokołowska, Halina Car, M. Szelachowska, A. Adamska, N. Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek, P. Szumowski, Paulina Kossakowska-Malinowska, Diana Bajkowska, B. Podgórska, Marta Wielogórska, Paulina Lisiewicz, Jakub Supronik, A. Popławska-Kita, M. Żendzian-Piotrowska, A. Chabowski, A. Krętowski, K. Siewko
Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases. Early and improved classification of the type of diabetes, whether autoimmune (type 1 diabetes mellitus, T1DM, and latent autoimmune diabetes, LADA) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is essential to determine appropriate therapy. We aimed to present the biochemical and immunological characteristics of adult patients with newly diagnosed diabetes without prior drug treatment. This pilot, a cross-sectional study assessed major phenotypic characteristics and antibody titers, including islet cell antibodies (ICA), insulin autoantibodies (IAA), tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2A), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), zinc antibodies (ZnT8A), but also selected sphingolipids belongs to ceramides (Cer) and sphingomyelin (SM). A total of 59 participants were included: 21 with T1DM, 15 with T2DM, and 23 with LADA. Saturated fatty acids chain Cer such as Cer-C22:0 and Cer-C24:0 positively correlates with total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), particularly in autoimmune diabetes (LADA, T1DM) while in T2DM group we found a higher frequency of positive correlation only between Cer-C24:0 and TC. In LADA patients, SM-C18:1 and -C:20:4 values rise with increasing fasting and glucagon-stimulated C-peptide values. The prevalence of GADA in patients diagnosed with T1DM is higher in younger patients versus older ones. While patients with LADA were more likely to test positive for multiple (>4) antibodies. In this relatively small cross-sectional study adult patients with newly diagnosed diabetes have fluctuating clinical and metabolic features with variable severity of immune dysfunction, making it easier to diagnose patients.
{"title":"Comparative characteristics of newly diagnosed adult diabetic patients: a pilot study.","authors":"E. Sokołowska, Halina Car, M. Szelachowska, A. Adamska, N. Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek, P. Szumowski, Paulina Kossakowska-Malinowska, Diana Bajkowska, B. Podgórska, Marta Wielogórska, Paulina Lisiewicz, Jakub Supronik, A. Popławska-Kita, M. Żendzian-Piotrowska, A. Chabowski, A. Krętowski, K. Siewko","doi":"10.32383/appdr/166473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32383/appdr/166473","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases. Early and improved classification of the type of diabetes, whether autoimmune (type 1 diabetes mellitus, T1DM, and latent autoimmune diabetes, LADA) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is essential to determine appropriate therapy. We aimed to present the biochemical and immunological characteristics of adult patients with newly diagnosed diabetes without prior drug treatment. This pilot, a cross-sectional study assessed major phenotypic characteristics and antibody titers, including islet cell antibodies (ICA), insulin autoantibodies (IAA), tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2A), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), zinc antibodies (ZnT8A), but also selected sphingolipids belongs to ceramides (Cer) and sphingomyelin (SM). A total of 59 participants were included: 21 with T1DM, 15 with T2DM, and 23 with LADA. Saturated fatty acids chain Cer such as Cer-C22:0 and Cer-C24:0 positively correlates with total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), particularly in autoimmune diabetes (LADA, T1DM) while in T2DM group we found a higher frequency of positive correlation only between Cer-C24:0 and TC. In LADA patients, SM-C18:1 and -C:20:4 values rise with increasing fasting and glucagon-stimulated C-peptide values. The prevalence of GADA in patients diagnosed with T1DM is higher in younger patients versus older ones. While patients with LADA were more likely to test positive for multiple (>4) antibodies. In this relatively small cross-sectional study adult patients with newly diagnosed diabetes have fluctuating clinical and metabolic features with variable severity of immune dysfunction, making it easier to diagnose patients.","PeriodicalId":7147,"journal":{"name":"Acta poloniae pharmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45821999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ferulic acid (FA) was proved to have various pharmacological characteristics in muscle function. Fatigue is closely linked with muscle dysfunction. However, the correlation between fatigue and FA is unclear. Hence, our aim was to appraise anti-fatigue property of FA in exercise trained mice. Our results displayed FA enhanced exhaustion time and grip strength to postpone fatigue. In excessive exercise, FA reduced serum CK, LDH, ALT and AST levels to protect against liver and muscle damage. In liver and muscle, FA improved glycogen contents to increase substance of energy source. In skeletal muscle, FA restrained oxidative stress by accelerating SOD, CAT and GSH-PX activites, and mitigating MDA level. Moreover, FA also attenuated inflammatory response by decreasing TNF-a and IL-6 levels. Lastly, FA ameliorated energy metabolism by increasing Na+-K+-ATPase and SDH activities. In conclusion, FA protected against excessive exercise-fatigue through improvement of energy supply, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and energy metabolism-correlated enzymes.
{"title":"Anti-fatigue effect of ferulic acid in exercise trained mice","authors":"Xianchu Liu, Ming-xue Liu","doi":"10.32383/appdr/165778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32383/appdr/165778","url":null,"abstract":"Ferulic acid (FA) was proved to have various pharmacological characteristics in muscle function. Fatigue is closely linked with muscle dysfunction. However, the correlation between fatigue and FA is unclear. Hence, our aim was to appraise anti-fatigue property of FA in exercise trained mice. Our results displayed FA enhanced exhaustion time and grip strength to postpone fatigue. In excessive exercise, FA reduced serum CK, LDH, ALT and AST levels to protect against liver and muscle damage. In liver and muscle, FA improved glycogen contents to increase substance of energy source. In skeletal muscle, FA restrained oxidative stress by accelerating SOD, CAT and GSH-PX activites, and mitigating MDA level. Moreover, FA also attenuated inflammatory response by decreasing TNF-a and IL-6 levels. Lastly, FA ameliorated energy metabolism by increasing Na+-K+-ATPase and SDH activities. In conclusion, FA protected against excessive exercise-fatigue through improvement of energy supply, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and energy metabolism-correlated enzymes.","PeriodicalId":7147,"journal":{"name":"Acta poloniae pharmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48951503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study's main goal was to assess the supplementation effect of alpha lipoic acid with antidiabetic medications (metformin and sitagliptin) on normal and streptozotocin-induced blood glucose levels in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. For this purpose, forty-two rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal control (n = 6) and diabetic (n = 36) groups, which were submitted to the following treatments: A: normal rats; B: diabetic rats; C: diabetic rats with sitagliptin (1 mg/kg); D: diabetic rats with metformin (10 mg/kg); E: diabetic rats with alpha lipoic acid (10 mg/kg); F: diabetic rats with a combination of alpha lipoic acid and sitagliptin; G: diabetic rats with a combination of alpha lipoic acid and metformin. The glycemia of these animals was monitored weekly; the use of alpha lipoic acid resulted in a significant decrease in glycemic levels. Combining alpha lipoic acid with either metformin or sitagliptin is most effective for reducing blood glucose levels in animals with acute and chronic hyperglycemia, even at different treatment times. Thus, associated with either metformin or sitagliptin, alpha lipoic acid improved their anti-diabetic effects.
{"title":"Synergistic antihyperglycemic effect of alpha lipoic acid with antidiabetic agents in the normoglycemic and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats","authors":"Rawsan Ali Sabri, B. Hameed, Falah Hassen Shari","doi":"10.32383/appdr/166047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32383/appdr/166047","url":null,"abstract":"The current study's main goal was to assess the supplementation effect of alpha lipoic acid with antidiabetic medications (metformin and sitagliptin) on normal and streptozotocin-induced blood glucose levels in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. For this purpose, forty-two rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal control (n = 6) and diabetic (n = 36) groups, which were submitted to the following treatments: A: normal rats; B: diabetic rats; C: diabetic rats with sitagliptin (1 mg/kg); D: diabetic rats with metformin (10 mg/kg); E: diabetic rats with alpha lipoic acid (10 mg/kg); F: diabetic rats with a combination of alpha lipoic acid and sitagliptin; G: diabetic rats with a combination of alpha lipoic acid and metformin. The glycemia of these animals was monitored weekly; the use of alpha lipoic acid resulted in a significant decrease in glycemic levels. Combining alpha lipoic acid with either metformin or sitagliptin is most effective for reducing blood glucose levels in animals with acute and chronic hyperglycemia, even at different treatment times. Thus, associated with either metformin or sitagliptin, alpha lipoic acid improved their anti-diabetic effects.","PeriodicalId":7147,"journal":{"name":"Acta poloniae pharmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43568665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paulina Górska, Ilona Górna, I. Miechowicz, J. Przysławski
The aim of the study was to collect and analyse data on people's eating behaviours and physical activity in home isolation due to a SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, the purpose of the study was to show how taste and smell disturbance can affect eating behaviours. Identifying dietary mistakes and then making recommendations to patients within that scope could help avoid a severe COVID-19 infection and speed up recovery. An anonymous online survey was conducted to study the dietary behavior and physical activity levels of COVID-19 sufferers between April and August 2022. The research tool comprised a specially devised and structured questionnaire and the FFQ-D10 food frequency questionnaire. A total of 159 people completed the questionnaire. Out of that number, 153 women over 18 years of age who were in home isolation due to COVID-19 were included in the study. The results show that 1.133 portions of cereal products were consumed daily, with unrefined groats and wholemeal or 'brown' bread with seeds being more common. Vegetable consumption stood at 2.225 portions per day, and fresh fruit at 1.774 portions per day. For sweets, consumption was 0.511 portions per day. Products that the study participants were least likely to consume were sweetened drinks, red meat, conventionally sweetened sweet fruit preserves, dried fruit and sweetened dairy drinks. Analysis of the anthropometric characteristics and dietary behaviour of women who participated in the study allowed for the preparation of dietary recommendations for COVID-19 patients.
{"title":"Analysis of women's eating behaviours in home isolation due to COVID-19 in the context of the dietary impact on the course of the disease","authors":"Paulina Górska, Ilona Górna, I. Miechowicz, J. Przysławski","doi":"10.32383/appdr/168231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32383/appdr/168231","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to collect and analyse data on people's eating behaviours and physical activity in home isolation due to a SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, the purpose of the study was to show how taste and smell disturbance can affect eating behaviours. Identifying dietary mistakes and then making recommendations to patients within that scope could help avoid a severe COVID-19 infection and speed up recovery. An anonymous online survey was conducted to study the dietary behavior and physical activity levels of COVID-19 sufferers between April and August 2022. The research tool comprised a specially devised and structured questionnaire and the FFQ-D10 food frequency questionnaire. A total of 159 people completed the questionnaire. Out of that number, 153 women over 18 years of age who were in home isolation due to COVID-19 were included in the study. The results show that 1.133 portions of cereal products were consumed daily, with unrefined groats and wholemeal or 'brown' bread with seeds being more common. Vegetable consumption stood at 2.225 portions per day, and fresh fruit at 1.774 portions per day. For sweets, consumption was 0.511 portions per day. Products that the study participants were least likely to consume were sweetened drinks, red meat, conventionally sweetened sweet fruit preserves, dried fruit and sweetened dairy drinks. Analysis of the anthropometric characteristics and dietary behaviour of women who participated in the study allowed for the preparation of dietary recommendations for COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":7147,"journal":{"name":"Acta poloniae pharmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47685172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zichao Ji, Yue-Ping Xie, Xin Wang, Guang-Yao Li, Chao Zhang
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of amikacin in the treatment of endophthalmitis, and to provide reference for clinical decision making, registered (PROSPERO-CRD42022300395) and performed according PRISMA. PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, CNKI and Wanfang database were searched by computer to collect clinical studies on the efficacy and safety of intravitreal amikacin in the treatment of endophthalmitis. The retrieval period is from database construction to June 20, 2022. Two evaluators independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted the data and evaluated the quality. Then qualitative analysis was used to describe the results. Finally, 5 case series studies were included, and the disease was exogenous endophthalmitis. A total of 115 patients and 115 eyes were included, with 11 to 39 patients in each study, 36.84% to 85.71% males and 30.4 to 60.7 years old on average. Follow-up was 6 weeks to 12 months. The study intervention of intravitreal vancomycin and amikacin improved visual acuity after combined therapy. In the 5 studies included in this study, no intraocular or systemic systemic adverse reactions were reported for intravitreal injection of amikacin. It was found that patients with exogenous endophthalmitis, including after surgery or ocular trauma, intravitreal injection of amikacin in combination with vancomycin is recommended for empiric treatment. However, high-quality randomized controlled trials or cohort studies are needed to verify this.
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of amikacin for endophthalmitis: a systematic review","authors":"Zichao Ji, Yue-Ping Xie, Xin Wang, Guang-Yao Li, Chao Zhang","doi":"10.32383/appdr/163452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32383/appdr/163452","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of amikacin in the treatment of endophthalmitis, and to provide reference for clinical decision making, registered (PROSPERO-CRD42022300395) and performed according PRISMA. PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, CNKI and Wanfang database were searched by computer to collect clinical studies on the efficacy and safety of intravitreal amikacin in the treatment of endophthalmitis. The retrieval period is from database construction to June 20, 2022. Two evaluators independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted the data and evaluated the quality. Then qualitative analysis was used to describe the results. Finally, 5 case series studies were included, and the disease was exogenous endophthalmitis. A total of 115 patients and 115 eyes were included, with 11 to 39 patients in each study, 36.84% to 85.71% males and 30.4 to 60.7 years old on average. Follow-up was 6 weeks to 12 months. The study intervention of intravitreal vancomycin and amikacin improved visual acuity after combined therapy. In the 5 studies included in this study, no intraocular or systemic systemic adverse reactions were reported for intravitreal injection of amikacin. It was found that patients with exogenous endophthalmitis, including after surgery or ocular trauma, intravitreal injection of amikacin in combination with vancomycin is recommended for empiric treatment. However, high-quality randomized controlled trials or cohort studies are needed to verify this.","PeriodicalId":7147,"journal":{"name":"Acta poloniae pharmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46209526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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