Addictive behaviors最新文献_第3页

Identifying predictors of multi-year cannabis vaping in U.S. Young adults using machine learning 利用机器学习识别美国年轻人多年吸食大麻的预测因素

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108167

Siyoung Choe , Jon Agley , Kit Elam , Aurelian Bidulescu , Dong-Chul Seo

Introduction

Increasing number of current cannabis users report using a vaporized form of cannabis and young adults are most likely to vape cannabis. However, the number of studies on cannabis vaping is limited, and predictors of cannabis vaping among U.S. young adults remain unclear. Previous studies on cannabis vaping have known limitations, as they (1) relied heavily on regression-based approaches that often fail to examine complex and non-linear interactive effects, (2) focused on examining cannabis vaping initiation but not on its use over multiple years, and (3) failed to account for recreational cannabis legalization (RCL) status.

Methods

This study was a secondary analysis of the restricted use files of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, Waves 4–6 (December 2016-November 2021). A two-stage machine learning approach, which included Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Classification and Regression Tree (CART), was used to identify predictors of multi-year cannabis vaping while accounting for state-level RCL status among a representative sample of U.S. young adults.

Results

Stratified CART created a five-terminal-node prediction model for states with RCL (split by cannabis use, cigarette use, bullying behavior, and ethnicity) and a different five-terminal-node prediction model for states without RCL (split by cannabis use, heroin use, nicotine vaping, and hookah use).

Conclusions

Characteristics predicting multi-year cannabis vaping appear to differ from those of cannabis vaping initiation. Results also highlight the importance of accounting for RCL status because predictors of cannabis vaping may differ for individuals living in states with and without RCL.

导言目前越来越多的大麻使用者表示使用大麻汽化形式，而年轻人最有可能吸食大麻。然而，有关吸食大麻的研究数量有限，美国年轻成年人吸食大麻的预测因素仍不明确。以往关于吸食大麻的研究存在已知的局限性，因为它们（1）严重依赖于基于回归的方法，而这种方法往往无法考察复杂的非线性交互效应，（2）侧重于考察吸食大麻的开始情况，而不是其多年来的使用情况，以及（3）未能考虑娱乐大麻合法化（RCL）状况。研究采用了两阶段机器学习方法，包括最小绝对收缩和选择操作器（LASSO）以及分类和回归树（CART），以确定多年吸食大麻的预测因素，同时考虑到美国青壮年代表性样本中州一级的 RCL 状况。结果分层 CART 为有 RCL 的州（按大麻使用、香烟使用、欺凌行为和种族划分）创建了一个五终端节点预测模型，为没有 RCL 的州（按大麻使用、海洛因使用、尼古丁吸食和水烟使用划分）创建了一个不同的五终端节点预测模型。研究结果还强调了考虑RCL状况的重要性，因为对于生活在有RCL和没有RCL的州的人来说，吸食大麻的预测因素可能有所不同。

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引用次数: 0

Shifts in motivation to quit cigarette smoking associated with IQOS use 与使用 IQOS 有关的戒烟动机转变

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108178

Janet Audrain-McGovern , Olivia Klapec , E. Paul Wileyto , Andrew A. Strasser

Introduction

IQOS, a heated tobacco product (HTP), is among a growing number of noncombustible nicotine delivery alternatives marketed to people who smoke combustible cigarettes and are interested in less harmful alternatives. Little is known regarding whether IQOS use and IQOS-associated effects impact motivation to quit cigarette smoking.

Methods

Non-treatment-seeking adult daily smokers (n = 87) completed a within-subjects study consisting of a baseline ad-lib smoking period (days 1–5), two laboratory visits (days 6–7) involving IQOS exposure, and a two-week period where participants were instructed to switch from smoking cigarettes to using IQOS (days 8–21). Motivation to quit smoking was measured on days 1 and 22.

Results

A generalized linear model revealed a significant increase in motivation to quit smoking across the 14-day switch phase with an increase of 1.47 ladder steps (Δ=1.47, sd = 1.98, t(86) = 6.92, p < 0.0001), increasing from 5.30 to 6.80. Candidate predictors were identified through a stepwise selection procedure, which resulted in a final model with two predictors, the standardized HeatStick substitution rate (b = 0.54, (CI95% 0.13–0.95), p = 0.01) and standardized relative risk perception score (b = 0.45, (CI95% 0.04–0.85) p = 0.03),

Conclusions

Among those uninterested in quitting cigarette smoking within the next month, IQOS use was associated with increased motivation to quit. Motivation to quit smoking may not be a necessary prerequisite for promoting smoking behavior change but rather bolstered by smoking behavior change in the context of HTP use. Greater perceptions of risk reduction may ultimately aid the transition from combustible to noncombustible tobacco products.

导言IQOS是一种加热烟草制品（HTP），是越来越多的非燃烧尼古丁递送替代品之一，其销售对象是吸可燃卷烟并对危害较小的替代品感兴趣的人。方法非寻求治疗的成年日常吸烟者（n = 87）完成了一项受试者内研究，该研究包括基线广告吸烟期（第 1-5 天）、两次实验室访问（第 6-7 天）（涉及 IQOS 暴露），以及指导参与者从吸烟转为使用 IQOS 的两周时间（第 8-21 天）。结果一个广义线性模型显示，戒烟动机在14天的转换阶段显著增加，增加了1.47个阶梯（Δ=1.47, sd = 1.98, t(86) = 6.92, p <0.0001），从5.30增加到6.80。通过逐步选择程序确定了候选预测因子，最终建立了一个包含两个预测因子的模型，即标准化热棒替代率（b = 0.54, (CI95% 0.13-0.95), p = 0.01）和标准化相对风险感知评分（b = 0.45, (CI95% 0.04-0.85) p = 0.03）。戒烟动机可能并不是促进吸烟行为改变的必要前提，在使用HTP的情况下，吸烟行为的改变反而会促进戒烟动机。对降低风险的更多认识可能最终有助于从可燃烟草产品向非可燃烟草产品的过渡。

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引用次数: 0

Derived psychoactive cannabis product perceptions and use among a sample of US young adults 抽样调查的美国年轻成年人对衍生精神活性大麻产品的看法和使用情况

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108180

Cassidy R. LoParco , Matthew E. Rossheim , Yuxian Cui , Darcey M. McCready , Katelyn F. Romm , Yan Wang , Y. Tony Yang , Patricia A. Cavazos-Rehg , Carla J. Berg

Aims

To characterize derived psychoactive cannabis product (DPCP) perceptions and use among US young adults.

Methods

We analyzed 2023 survey data among 4,031 young adults (ages 18–34), comprising ∼ 50 % reporting past-month cannabis use. Multivariable regressions examined sociodemographics, cannabis use, and DPCP risk perceptions in relation to: 1) past-month DPCP use (yes/no), 2) past-month number of DPCP use days, and 3) among those reporting no past-month DPCP use, future likelihood of DPCP use.

Results

In this sample (M_age = 26.3, 59.8 % female, 64.9 % White, 19.4 % Hispanic), DPCP awareness (67.5 %), lifetime use (41.7 %), and past-month use (24.4 %) differed by past-month cannabis use versus nonuse (87.0 % vs 48.8 %, 68.7 % vs 15.9 %, 45.6 % vs 4.2 %, respectively). Those aware learned about them mainly from friends/family (44.5 %) and believed DPCPs were required to be tested and approved to be safe (70.3 %) or were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (59.0 %). Those who ever used DPCPs most often used delta-8 (69.7 %) and delta-9 (44.4 %) THC and for curiosity (55.5 %), belief of federal legality (34.1 %), and friends’ suggestion (34.0 %). Correlates of past-month DPCP use, using more frequently, and higher likelihood of future use were: lower DPCP perceived harm and higher perceived addictiveness. Living where non-medical cannabis was illegal, higher perceived social acceptability, being Black (vs. White), and past-month cannabis use were also correlated with past-month use (but not frequency) and future likelihood of use.

Conclusions

Efforts are needed to better understand DPCPs’ risks and correct consumer misperceptions. Relatedly, DPCP regulation, including marketing and distribution, is crucial.

方法我们分析了 2023 年对 4,031 名年轻成年人（18-34 岁）的调查数据，其中 50% 以上报告过去一个月使用过大麻。多变量回归分析了社会人口统计学、大麻使用情况和 DPCP 风险认知与以下方面的关系：1）过去一个月 DPCP 的使用情况；2）过去一个月 DPCP 的使用情况；3）过去一个月 DPCP 的使用情况；4）过去一个月 DPCP 的使用情况：1) 过去一个月使用 DPCP 的情况（是/否），2) 过去一个月使用 DPCP 的天数，以及 3) 在报告过去一个月未使用 DPCP 的人群中，未来使用 DPCP 的可能性。9%为白人，19.4%为西班牙裔）中，DPCP知晓率（67.5%）、终生使用率（41.7%）和上月使用率（24.4%）因上月吸食大麻与未吸食大麻而异（分别为 87.0% vs 48.8%、68.7% vs 15.9%、45.6% vs 4.2%）。了解这些药物的人主要是从朋友/家人那里得知的（44.5%），他们认为DPCPs必须经过测试和批准才是安全的（70.3%），或者是由美国食品和药物管理局批准的（59.0%）。曾经使用过DPCPs的人最常使用δ-8（69.7%）和δ-9（44.4%）四氢大麻酚，出于好奇（55.5%）、相信联邦合法性（34.1%）和朋友建议（34.0%）。与上月使用非医用大麻、使用频率更高以及未来使用可能性更大相关的因素是：非医用大麻危害感知较低和成瘾感知较高。生活在非医用大麻非法的地方、社会接受度较高、黑人（相对于白人）和上月使用大麻也与上月使用情况（但不包括使用频率）和未来使用可能性相关。与此相关的是，DPCP 监管，包括营销和分销，至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of comorbid psychologic and somatic symptom trajectories on early onset substance use among U.S. youth in the ABCD study ABCD 研究中的美国青少年心理和躯体症状并存轨迹对早发性药物使用的影响

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108181

Terri Voepel-Lewis, Sarah A. Stoddard, Robert J. Ploutz-Snyder, Bingxin Chen, Carol J. Boyd

Background

Adolescent substance use (SU) is often motivated by a desire to alleviate undesirable symptoms. To test the self-medication hypothesis, we examined associations between comorbid psychologic and somatic symptom trajectories across early adolescence and early onset SU.

Methods

Using Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study® data, we differentiated youth who reported no SU at baseline based on their comorbid anxiety, depression, pain, somatic and somnolence symptom trajectories. The outcome, early onset SU (by age 13–14 years) was derived from self-reported alcohol (≥full drink), tobacco (full regular/e-cigarette), marijuana, or other drug use over 5 years.

Results

8311 participants were classified with Asymptomatic (27.8 %), Low/stable (39 %), Moderate/persistent (25.3 %) or High/worsening trajectories (7.9 %) from age 9.97 ± 0.74 to 13.57 ± 0.88 years. Early onset SU was 56 % higher for Moderate-High compared to Asymptomatic-Low symptom trajectory groups (12.5 % vs. 8.5 %; OR 1.56 [95 % CI 1.33, 1.79]). Adjusted for covariates, the High/worsening group was more likely than the Asymptomatic group to report use of any substance (adj.OR 2.13 [95 % CI 1.40, 3.25], Alcohol (adj.OR 2.80 [95 % CI 1.56, 5.02]), Tobacco (adj.OR 2.09 [95 % CI 1.23, 3.55]), and Marijuana (adj.OR 2.33 [95 % CI 1.36, 3.99]). Longitudinal, time-lagged analyses revealed potential feedback effects of earlier depression on subsequent SU, and earlier SU on later depression (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Higher comorbid symptom trajectories emerging in late childhood increased the likelihood of early onset SU. Since negative feedback loops may contribute to symptom persistency, ongoing and potentially harmful SU for at-risk youth, addressing comorbid symptoms that emerge during late childhood is warranted.

背景青少年使用药物（SU）的动机通常是为了缓解不良症状。为了验证自我药疗假说，我们研究了青春期早期合并心理和躯体症状轨迹与早期发病 SU 之间的关联。方法利用青少年大脑认知发展研究®的数据，我们根据合并焦虑、抑郁、疼痛、躯体和嗜睡症状轨迹对基线时未报告 SU 的青少年进行了区分。结果831名参与者在9.97 ± 0.74岁至13.57 ± 0.88岁期间的症状轨迹分为无症状（27.8%）、低度/稳定（39%）、中度/持续（25.3%）或高度/恶化（7.9%）。中度-高度症状轨迹组比无症状-低症状轨迹组的早发 SU 高 56%（12.5% 对 8.5%；OR 1.56 [95 % CI 1.33，1.79]）。经协变量调整后，高度/恶化组比无症状组更有可能报告使用任何物质（adj.OR 2.13 [95 % CI 1.40, 3.25]）、酒精（adj.OR 2.80 [95 % CI 1.56, 5.02]）、烟草（adj.OR 2.09 [95 % CI 1.23, 3.55]）和大麻（adj.OR 2.33 [95 % CI 1.36, 3.99]）。纵向时滞分析显示，早期抑郁症对随后的 SU 有潜在的反馈作用，而早期 SU 对后来的抑郁症有潜在的反馈作用（p < 0.001）。由于负反馈循环可能会导致症状持续存在，对高危青少年造成持续和潜在的危害，因此有必要解决儿童晚期出现的合并症状。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the associations between symptom severity, metacognition, problematic social media use and cyberbullying in treatment naïve adolescents with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder 探索患有注意力缺陷和多动障碍、尚未接受治疗的青少年的症状严重程度、元认知、社交媒体使用问题和网络欺凌之间的关联。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108169

Yekta Özkan , Masum Öztürk , Selma Tvrtkovic , Orkun Aydın , Pınar Ünal-Aydın

This study investigates the relationship between ADHD symptom severity, metacognition, problematic social media use, and cyberbullying/cybervictimization in treatment-naïve adolescents. Understanding these relationships is vital for enhancing ADHD intervention strategies. Using a cross-sectional design, 97 adolescents meeting DSM-5 criteria for ADHD without any comorbidity and 97 healthy controls were assessed. Measures included the Metacognitions Questionnaire for Children, Social Media Disorder Scale, Revised Cyberbullying Inventory-II, and Revised Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Short. The comparisons were performed with independent samples’ t tests and the associations were estimated by using Pearson’s bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses. Results revealed that adolescents with ADHD exhibited higher levels of dysfunctional metacognitions, problematic social media use, cyberbullying, and cybervictimization compared to controls. Regression analysis showed significant positive associations between ADHD symptoms, specific metacognitions (e.g., positive meta-worry, cognitive monitoring), and problematic social media use. This study, the first of its kind among treatment-naïve ADHD adolescents, provides valuable insights into the relationship between ADHD symptoms and particular metacognitions (i.e. positive meta-worry, cognitive monitoring) and problematic social media use. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of ADHD in adolescence and may inform the development of targeted prevention and treatment strategies, particularly relevant given adolescents’ susceptibility to social media’s influence and their potential for cognitive flexibility in rehabilitation contexts.

本研究调查了未经治疗的青少年多动症症状严重程度、元认知、社交媒体使用问题和网络欺凌/网络伤害之间的关系。了解这些关系对于加强多动症干预策略至关重要。研究采用横断面设计，对97名符合DSM-5多动症标准且无任何合并症的青少年和97名健康对照者进行了评估。测量项目包括儿童元认知问卷、社交媒体障碍量表、修订版网络欺凌清单-II和修订版康纳斯家长评分量表-短版。比较采用独立样本 t 检验，相关性估计采用皮尔逊双变量相关性和多元回归分析。结果显示，与对照组相比，患有多动症的青少年表现出更高水平的功能失调元认知、社交媒体使用问题、网络欺凌和网络伤害。回归分析表明，多动症症状、特定元认知（如积极元烦恼、认知监控）和问题社交媒体使用之间存在明显的正相关。这项研究是首次在未接受治疗的多动症青少年中开展的同类研究，为了解多动症症状与特定元认知（即积极元烦恼、认知监控）和问题社交媒体使用之间的关系提供了宝贵的见解。这些发现有助于加深对青少年多动症的理解，并为制定有针对性的预防和治疗策略提供信息，尤其是考虑到青少年易受社交媒体的影响，以及他们在康复环境中认知灵活性的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Digitalisation of gambling harm? Gambling consumption, negative consequences, and clinical characteristics among Swedish help-seekers 赌博危害的数字化？瑞典求助者的赌博消费、不良后果和临床特征

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108182

Håkan Wall , Virve Marionneau , Helena Lindqvist , Olof Molander

Gambling is connected to a range of harms and negative consequences. Gambling is also evolving at a fast pace, particularly in digital environments. Understanding the effects of this on-going change and digitalisation of gambling markets requires systematic measuring of gambling consumption patterns, clinical characteristics, and gambling-related harms.

The current study compares two cohorts of help-seekers for gambling in Sweden (2019; 2023), recruited via the Swedish national helpline. The aim is to assess harms and consumption across the two cohorts at a time of increased offer of digital gambling in Sweden. We used eight different screens to measure gambling-related behaviours and consequences, including the Gambling Disorder Identification Test (GDIT). Results were analysed using descriptive statistics, and differences across the two cohorts were tested for statistical significance.

The results show that across 2019–2023, gambling consumption has intensified. Online EGMs are by far the most prevalent form of gambling among help-seekers. We also found that the experience of co-morbidities as well as most gambling-related harms were common in both cohorts, with some statistically significant increases in 2023. Harms were more commonly experienced amongst those who engaged in online EGM gambling in comparison to those who did not.

The results suggest that the digitalisation of gambling and gambling products appears to be associated with a variety of harmful consequences. The results also show the importance of systematic and comprehensive measurement to capture different severity levels of harms and their wide range amongst those who gamble.

赌博与一系列危害和负面后果有关。赌博也在快速发展，尤其是在数字化环境中。要了解这种持续变化和赌博市场数字化的影响，需要对赌博消费模式、临床特征和赌博相关危害进行系统测量。本研究比较了通过瑞典国家求助热线招募的两批瑞典赌博求助者（2019年；2023年）。本研究比较了瑞典的两组赌博求助者（2019 年；2023 年），这些求助者是通过瑞典国家求助热线招募的。研究的目的是评估在瑞典数字赌博增多的情况下这两组求助者的危害和消费情况。我们使用了八种不同的筛查方法来测量与赌博相关的行为和后果，包括赌博障碍识别测试（GDIT）。我们使用描述性统计对结果进行了分析，并对两个组群之间的差异进行了统计意义检验。结果显示，在 2019-2023 年期间，赌博消费有所增长。到目前为止，在线电子游戏是寻求帮助者中最普遍的赌博形式。我们还发现，在两个组群中，并发症以及大多数与赌博相关的危害都很常见，在 2023 年出现了一些统计学意义上的显著增长。结果表明，赌博和赌博产品的数字化似乎与各种有害后果有关。结果还表明，必须进行系统而全面的测量，以了解不同严重程度的危害及其在赌博人群中的广泛程度。

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引用次数: 0

Sex differences in cigarette smoking following a mindfulness-based cessation randomized controlled trial 基于正念的戒烟随机对照试验后的吸烟性别差异

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108177

David S. Black , John P.A. Ioannidis , Choo Phei Wee , Matthew G. Kirkpatrick

Some interventions for smoking cessation such as quit smoking aids show sex-specific effects on outcomes, but behavioral interventions such as mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for smoking cessation lack formal reporting of sex-intervention tests of interaction to date. To address this gap, we conducted a secondary analysis of a RCT dataset (N = 213), recruiting participants from California, to statistically test a sex-intervention interaction effect on complete 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA), proportion of days abstinent, and daily cigarettes smoked. Smoking was assessed using the timeline follow back method spanning the four weeks following a daily 14-day app-based intervention and a planned smoking quit date immediately following the intervention phase. All models adjusted for baseline nicotine dependence. The study groups had comparable sex proportions (MBI: 56 % female; control: 55 % female) and the ratio of outcome assessment completion by group was not dependent on sex. Adjusted analyses revealed a significant sex-intervention interaction effect for daily cigarettes smoked ([female coded 1]: two-way interaction effect IRR = 0.59, 95 % CI: 0.46–0.77, p < 0.0001; effect for female: IRR = 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.57–0.81, effect for male: IRR = 1.14, 95 % CI: 0.95–1.37), but not for complete 7-day PPA ([female coded 1] two-way interaction effect OR = 1.24, 95 % CI: 0.31–4.89, p = 0.76) or proportion of total days abstinent ([female coded 1] two-way interaction effect OR = 1.97, 95 % CI: 0.53–7.37, p = 0.31). Females, but not males, allocated to a daily app-based MBI with a quit plan and quit aid workbook smoked fewer cigarettes per day compared to females in the control group. Males, but not females, showed significantly less use of the MBI app compared to the control app.

一些戒烟干预措施（如戒烟辅助工具）对戒烟结果产生了性别特异性影响，但行为干预措施（如基于正念的戒烟干预措施）迄今为止尚未正式报告性别干预措施的交互作用测试。为了弥补这一不足，我们对一项从加利福尼亚州招募的 RCT 数据集（N = 213）进行了二次分析，以统计检验性别干预对 7 天完全戒烟点戒烟率 (PPA)、戒烟天数比例和每日吸烟量的交互影响。对吸烟情况的评估采用了时间轴回溯法，时间跨度为每天进行为期 14 天的应用干预后的四周，以及干预阶段结束后的计划戒烟日期。所有模型都对尼古丁依赖基线进行了调整。研究组的性别比例相当（MBI：56%为女性；对照组：55%为女性），各组完成结果评估的比例与性别无关。调整后的分析表明，每日吸烟量存在显著的性别-干预交互效应（[女性编码 1]：双向交互效应 IRR = 0.59，95 % CI：0.46-0.77，p <0.0001；对女性的效应：IRR = 0.68，95 % CI：0.57-0.81，对男性的效应：IRR = 1.14，95 % CI：0.95-1.37），但对完整的 7 天 PPA（[女性编码 1] 双向交互作用效应 OR = 1.24，95 % CI：0.31-4.89，p = 0.76）或总禁欲天数比例（[女性编码 1] 双向交互作用效应 OR = 1.97，95 % CI：0.53-7.37，p = 0.31）没有影响。与对照组的女性相比，每天接受基于应用程序的MBI、戒烟计划和戒烟辅助工作手册的女性（而非男性）每天吸烟的数量更少。与对照组相比，男性（而非女性）对MBI应用程序的使用明显减少。

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引用次数: 0

Flavored combustible tobacco product initiation in two longitudinal youth cohorts in the US Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study: 2013–2016 and 2016–2019 美国烟草与健康人群评估研究：2013-2016 年和 2016-2019 年两个纵向青少年队列中调味可燃烟草制品的使用情况。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108176

Shannon Lea Watkins , Simon Page , Yoonsang Kim , Ganna Kostygina , Sherry Emery

Introduction

Flavored tobacco products increase appeal and lower barriers to nicotine addiction for young people. We compared environmental, psychosocial, behavioral, and demographic characteristics between youth who started with flavored and non-flavored (i.e., tobacco-flavored) combustible tobacco products (CTPs).

Methods

We analyzed two representative US youth cohorts (baseline age 12–15) from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (Wave 1 Cohort (W1) 2013–2016; Wave 4 Cohort (W4) 2016–2019). We first assessed baseline characteristics associated with any subsequent CTP initiation among youth with baseline never CTP use (W1 n=5,946; W4 n=8,240). Then, for baseline CTP-naïve youth with subsequent CTP initiation (new experimentation; W1 n=519; W4 n=538), we assessed baseline characteristics associated with subsequent initiation with flavored CTPs versus non-flavored.

Results

Most youth reporting new CTP experimentation initiated with flavored CTPs (W1:67.8%; W4:74.2%). Household norms, susceptibility, baseline experimentation with vaping, alcohol, and/or cannabis; and White race were associated with CTP experimentation. For both cohorts, frequent social media use was associated with flavored CTP initiation (W4 AOR:2.50, 95%CI:1.22,5.12) and Black youth (W4 AOR:0.12, 95%CI:0.06,0.25) were less likely to initiate with flavored CTPs than White youth. Among W1 Cohort youth, perceiving flavored product use as easier was positively associated with flavored CTP initiation (AOR:1.48, 95%CI:1.01,2.17). Among W4 Cohort youth, baseline vaping was negatively associated with flavored CTP initiation (AOR:0.10, 95%CI:0.05,0.20).

Conclusion

Frequent social media use was associated with flavored CTP initiation among youth who used CTPs. Youth who had ever vaped and Black youth were less likely to initiate with flavored CTPs.

导言：风味烟草制品增加了对青少年的吸引力并降低了尼古丁成瘾的障碍。我们比较了开始使用有香味和无香味（即烟草香味）可燃烟草制品（CTPs）的青少年的环境、社会心理、行为和人口特征：我们分析了烟草与健康人群评估（PATH）研究中两个具有代表性的美国青少年队列（基线年龄为 12-15 岁）（2013-2016 年第 1 波队列（W1）；2016-2019 年第 4 波队列（W4））。我们首先评估了基线从未使用过 CTP 的青少年（W1 n=5,946; W4 n=8,240）中与随后开始使用 CTP 相关的基线特征。然后，对于基线从未使用过 CTP 但随后开始使用 CTP 的青少年（新尝试；W1 n=519；W4 n=538），我们评估了随后开始使用有味 CTP 与无味 CTP 的相关基线特征：结果：大多数报告新尝试 CTP 的青少年都开始使用有味 CTP（W1：67.8%；W4：74.2%）。家庭规范、易感性、尝试吸食电子烟、酒精和/或大麻的基线以及白种人与尝试 CTP 有关。在两个队列中，频繁使用社交媒体与开始吸食有味 CTP 相关（W4 AOR:2.50，95%CI:1.22,5.12），黑人青少年（W4 AOR:0.12，95%CI:0.06,0.25）开始吸食有味 CTP 的可能性低于白人青少年。在 W1 组群的青少年中，认为使用风味产品更容易与开始使用风味 CTP 呈正相关（AOR:1.48, 95%CI:1.01,2.17）。在W4队列的青少年中，基线吸烟与开始使用加味CTP呈负相关（AOR：0.10，95%CI：0.05,0.20）：结论：在使用 CTPs 的青少年中，频繁使用社交媒体与开始使用有味 CTPs 有关。曾经吸食过烟草的青少年和黑人青少年开始吸食加味 CTP 的可能性较低。

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引用次数: 0

How stress influences e-cigarette health message perceptions and intentions to abstain from vaping among young adults who vape 压力如何影响吸食电子烟的年轻人对电子烟健康信息的认知和戒烟意向

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108174

Donghee N. Lee , Hye Min Kim , Elise M. Stevens

Purpose

While most U.S. young adults attribute e-cigarette use (vaping) to stress coping, it is relatively unknown how young adults’ stress levels influence their e-cigarette health message responses and vaping abstinence intentions.

Methods

In an online crowdsourcing study, young adults who currently vape (N = 346, M_age = 25.24) were assessed for their past-30-day stress levels. Then, they saw a message about the health effects of vaping and were asked questions about the messages and their vaping abstinence intentions. We performed multiple regressions to examine the main effects of stress levels on message evaluation (message perceptions, effects perceptions) and intentions to abstain from vaping. We then examined the indirect effects of stress levels on abstinence intentions mediated by each message outcome, respectively. Models controlled for sociodemographic characteristics, mental health status, and past-30-day e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking.

Results

Participants with higher stress levels reported more negative message evaluation (ps < 0.05). Additionally, participants with higher stress levels reported lower abstinence intentions via more negative message perceptions (b = -0.02, SE = 0.01, 95 % CI = -0.041, −0.004). Likewise, participants with higher stress levels reported lower abstinence intentions via more negative effects perceptions (b = -0.03, SE = 0.01, 95 % CI = -0.046, −0.008).

Conclusions

Higher stress levels were associated with negative message evaluation among young adults who vape. Additionally, the association of stress levels and abstinence intentions was mediated by negative message evaluation. Public health officials may need to account for stress levels in young adults to increase the effects of e-cigarette health messages on their intentions to abstain from vaping.

目的虽然大多数美国年轻人将使用电子烟（吸食）归因于应对压力，但年轻人的压力水平如何影响他们对电子烟健康信息的反应和戒烟意向却相对未知。方法在一项在线众包研究中，对目前吸食电子烟的年轻人（N = 346，Mage = 25.24）过去 30 天的压力水平进行了评估。然后，他们看到了一条关于吸烟对健康影响的信息，并被问到了关于这些信息和他们戒烟意向的问题。我们进行了多重回归，以检验压力水平对信息评价（信息感知、效果感知）和禁烟意愿的主要影响。然后，我们分别考察了压力水平对戒烟意向的间接影响，这些影响是由每个信息结果中介的。模型控制了社会人口学特征、心理健康状况以及过去 30 天内电子烟使用情况和吸烟情况。此外，压力水平越高的参与者对负面信息的感知越多，戒烟意愿越低（b = -0.02，SE = 0.01，95 % CI = -0.041，-0.004）。同样，压力水平较高的参与者通过更多的负面影响感知来降低戒烟意愿（b = -0.03，SE = 0.01，95 % CI = -0.046，-0.008）。此外，压力水平与戒烟意愿之间的关系受负面信息评价的影响。公共卫生官员可能需要考虑年轻人的压力水平，以提高电子烟健康信息对他们戒烟意愿的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term impact of maternal prenatal smoking on EEG brain activity and internalizing/externalizing problem symptoms in young adults 母亲产前吸烟对青少年脑电图活动和内化/外化问题症状的长期影响

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108175

Karina Janson , Nathalie E. Holz , Anna Kaiser , Pascal Aggensteiner , Sarah Baumeister , Daniel Brandeis , Tobias Banaschewski , Frauke Nees , IMAC-Mind Consortium

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of smoking during pregnancy on the development of the child. While previous research has established its detrimental effects during early childhood, understanding potential long-term consequences into adulthood remains limited. This study specifically aimed to explore the influence of prenatal smoking exposure on brain activity and whether internalizing and externalizing symptoms are influenced by prenatal smoking exposure in a cohort of young adults.

Methods

Utilizing data from 176 participants (mean age M = 24.68, SD = 0.49) and their mothers enrolled in a longitudinal risk study (MARS), we employed Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs) to analyze electroencephalography (EEG) power at rest and behavioral outcomes derived from the Young Adult-Self-Report (YASR) scales. Both covariate-unadjusted and −adjusted models were used, taking into account participant variables such as sex and age, as well as maternal factors like psychopathology and alcohol consumption, in addition to smoking and alcohol intake by the participants themselves.

Results

The study revealed a significant impact of prenatal smoking on delta and theta band power, indicating decreased slower brain activity in prenatally exposed individuals compared to unexposed counterparts. Additionally, individuals exposed to prenatal smoking exhibited significantly higher levels of externalizing behavior. While this association was strongly influenced by maternal psychopathology, the child’s gender, and the child’s own substance use, the effect on delta power band remained after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that prenatal smoking exposure may have enduring effects on brain activity patterns in young adulthood. Conversely, the influence on externalizing behaviors depended on familial factors (maternal psychopathology) and the lifestyle of the individual (substance use).

本研究的目的是调查孕期吸烟对儿童发育的影响。虽然以往的研究已经证实了吸烟对儿童早期发育的不利影响，但对其成年后可能产生的长期影响的了解仍然有限。本研究的具体目的是探讨产前吸烟暴露对大脑活动的影响，以及产前吸烟暴露是否会影响年轻成人的内化和外化症状。方法利用参加纵向风险研究（MARS）的 176 名参与者（平均年龄 M = 24.68，SD = 0.49）及其母亲的数据，我们采用了广义加性混合模型（GAMMs）来分析静息状态下的脑电图（EEG）功率和来自年轻成人自我报告（YASR）量表的行为结果。研究结果表明，产前吸烟对 delta 和 theta 波段的功率有显著影响，表明与未暴露于产前吸烟的人相比，暴露于产前吸烟的人大脑活动减慢。此外，暴露于产前吸烟的个体表现出明显更高水平的外化行为。研究结果表明，产前吸烟可能会对成年后的大脑活动模式产生持久影响。相反，对外化行为的影响取决于家庭因素（母亲的精神病理学）和个人的生活方式（药物使用）。

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引用次数: 0