National Academy Science Letters最新文献

U. fasciata biomass, a green algae was used as adsorbent, investigated and optimized the environmental parameters using central factorial design for the Cu^+ 2 removal. Biosorption of Cu^+ 2 involves the functional groups –CO, –OH, and N–H of U. fasciata biomass. Various parameters were estimated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), including pH (4–6), initial Cu^+ 2 concentration (60–140 mg L^− 1), biomass dosage (0.08–0.40 g L^− 1) and temperature (20–40 °C). It was found that the uptake of Cu^+ 2 by U. fasciata was 62.31 mg L^− 1 at an initial concentration of 80 mg L^− 1, a temperature of 35 °C, and a pH of 5.245. In order to analyze the equilibrium data, applied Langmuir, Freundlich, Langmuir-Friendly (L-R), and Redlich-Peterson (L-R) isotherm models. The multiple mechanisms were involved in the removal of Cu^+ 2 including chelation, ion-exchange and adsorption on UF biomass. It is believed that the U. fasciata biomass is a suitable material for the removal of Cu^+ 2 ions from wastewaters.

Medicinal plants or chemical substances derived from plants are the source of therapeutic ingredients considered important drugs currently in use in the world. In India, the AYUSH system has been included in mainstream healthcare and all these traditional systems of medicine rely on herbal crude drugs. Trading in dried raw plant drugs with no traceability to their origin is quite common in Indian markets. The safety, potency and efficacy of herbal drugs depend upon the use of standardized crude raw drugs. Present study serves as baseline information for herbal drug regulatory authorities to have strict guidelines on the sale of crude drugs and also the need for implementation of Good Agricultural and Collection Practices (GACP). In the present study, 295 market samples of 102 crude drugs were studied for quality standards and genuineness. It was found that 17% of the crude market samples were adulterated and 83% were botanically correct species, as these complied with diagnostic macro-microscopical characters of authentic crude drugs. However, the qualitative analysis indicated that the foreign matter, total ash, acid insoluble ash, and water soluble extractive values of these market samples deviated from authentic samples by 5% to > 15%, indicating thereby that samples collected from market may differ in collection time, storage practices like drying process, storage, time /season of collection and geography which may affect its pharmaceutical quality.

This research article demonstrates the application of regression technique in construction of area and power estimation models for the field programmable gate array (FPGA) based implementation of modular adder. Modular adders are essential building elements of residue number system (RNS) processors. Design of Mod (({2}^{n}-K)) adder ((text{K}in text{I} [3, {2}^{text{n}-1}-1])) discussed in this article was implemented by Ahmad Hiasat using application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) technology. The present work proposes area and power models for implementation of Hiasat’s modular adder design for FPGA device from Zynq-7000 family. Very high-speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL) is used to model these designs followed by their behavioural verification using VIVADO 2014.2 tool. The proposed models are constructed using regression methodologies in MATLAB cloud based version using Curve Fit application. Accuracy of proposed models is validated against VIVADO tool.

Among the various diseases affecting tea production, dieback (Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc) has recently emerged in various tea industries across the country. It is one of the most destructive diseases in northeastern India as well as in West Bengal, responsible for huge crop losses and a simultaneous loss in revenue. The reported causal organism of tea dieback disease needed to be characterized by screening available variants population-wide since the level of virulence and host specificity depends on their genetic background. Estimating genetic diversity and determining the phylogenetic structure of F. solani isolates from tea plants can provide valuable insights into the pathogen, potentially assisting in the long-term management of dieback issues within the Indian tea industry. Moreover, exploiting Indian tea genetic resources related to resistance is the most feasible method to recover production through marker assisted selection breeding programs. Understanding the pathogenic variability and counteracting the disease by selected genotypes will be able check the crop loss substantially.

This study was the first to identify a cutaneous fibroma, a type of skin tumor, in a largescale mullet (Planiliza macrolepis). The distinct, irregularly oval, reddish-white, and fleshy tumors, measuring approximately 2.3 cm x 2.5 cm x 1 cm, were located in the dorsal region of the head and were separated from the underlying muscles by fat. Histopathologic analysis revealed irregular tissue with a dense fibrous stroma containing collagenous and reticular fibers and an abundance of rapidly growing, spindle-shaped hyperplastic cells arranged in interwoven bundles. This data advances our knowledge of skin tumors in fish, supporting future research in aquatic pathology, cancer, and environmental pollution.

Deep dwelling oxudercid goby Ctenotrypauchen chinensis Steindachner 1867 documented for the first time from the Indian Ocean. This report is based on the collections of two specimens from Andhra Pradesh, East coast of India. A table on morphometric relationships and detailed images of the Indian C. chinensis is provided. The systematics, distributional record and comparison with other genera of the Trypauchen group for the genus Ctenotrypauchen Steindachner 1867 are discussed in this paper.

Online secure payment systems have gained widespread popularity, even in roadside stores across countries like India, promoting cashless transactions. However, ensuring security remains pivotal during these transactions. Various new approaches are emerging, each with its own set of pros and cons. In order to solve the security and confidentiality concerns of transactions indistributed and multi-agent systems, this research aims to establish acheckpoint model that is enabled by blockchain for secure transactions in the banking sector. Datasets of transactions are randomly generated in Ganache simulation environment. The coding and comparative analyses were carried out in PyCharm tool where Ethereum blockchain sandboxed environment is used for development and testing. The comparative analysis is carried out for the parameter like number of blocks with respect to transaction recovery time, memory usage and responsiveness. The blockchain based hybrid access control consensus algorithm with checkpoint will provide new possibilities for online transactions with more security and scalability than other state of art methods.

This manuscript uses neutrosophic ranked set sampling to handle the data involving uncertainty and proposed generalized regressed exponential estimator for estimating the mean under neutrosophic ranked set sampling. The fundamental properties like bias and mean square error of the proposed estimator are calculated up to the first order of approximation. The conditions under which the proposed estimator is better than the promising existing estimators have been derived. Mathematical study has been carried out to support the theoretical results and proved the efficiency of the proposed estimator over the promising existing estimators.

The new isothermal equation of state (NEOS) for solids is derived through the theory of lattice potential, utilizing the concept of volume dependence of the short-range force constant. To obtain this equation of state, we employed the concept of the third-order approximation of the lattice potential. For critical analysis, we compared the results of isothermal equations of state (EOSs), such as Vinet EOS, Murnaghan EOS, Holzapfel EOS, Born-Mie EOS, Birch–Murnaghan EOS, and NEOS. The newly derived equation of state (NEOS) has been utilized to analyze the compression behavior of molybdenum (Mo), Potassium (K), and Xenon (Xe). It was found that NEOS is in good agreement with experimental data for given solids Mo, K, and Xe up to high compression, while Vinet EOS, Murnaghan EOS, Born-Mie EOS, Holzapfel EOS, and Birch–Murnaghan EOS are less sensitive in calculating pressure at high compression in most cases. Thus, NEOS remains consistent and in good agreement with experimental results for all the samples of solids taken, even up to high compression.