National Academy Science Letters最新文献

The species Orthosiphon thymiflorus is reported first time from the north east India. The species is morphologically similar to Orthosiphon rubicundus but can be distinguished from the latter by the absence of tuberous rootstock, presence of distinct leaf petioles and 3 lobed posterior lip. The present collection from Karbi Anglong district of Assam confirms its distributional continuation between the peninsular India and southeast Asia. Morphological description and an illustration plate has been provided for easy identification of the species.

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) stands out as an advanced material in the construction domain due to its exceptional mechanical characteristics. This study delves into an experimental analysis of the ultimate flexural strengths exhibited by UHPC samples, offering a comparative assessment against conventional concrete structures. The investigation addresses present-day challenges in the construction sector, emphasizing the need for materials that are sustainable and resilient. UHPC samples were formulated by integrating cutting-edge additives and nanomaterials to enhance strength and durability. Experimental tests were conducted to assess the flexural strengths of UHPC specimens under diverse loading conditions. In parallel, tests on ordinary concrete structures served as benchmarks for performance evaluation. The growing demand for environmentally friendly materials, resilience against extreme weather events, and the pursuit of sustainable infrastructure were key considerations. Comparative analyses highlighted UHPC’s superior flexural strength and durability, underscoring its potential as a revolutionary material for future construction projects. The research provides valuable insights into the practical applications of UHPC in structural engineering, clarifying its advantages and limitations. Understanding the performance distinctions between UHPC and conventional concrete can help engineers and researchers make informed decisions regarding material selection. This study lays the groundwork for advancements in resilient and sustainable infrastructure, aligning with modern construction industry needs.

This present study explores how various microbial consortia, comprising of seven plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) isolated from the rhizosphere of lentil crops in Indo-Gangetic plains, affect the growth and yield of lentil in laboratory and greenhouse environments. Findings reveal that the microbial consortium containing Rhizobium pusense strain R14 significantly improved the germination rate (100%), root and shoot length (2.74 cm and 5.66 cm respectively), and vigor index of lentil seedlings (710.34), as compared to other combinations and uninoculated control in the petriplate assay. During the greenhouse experiment, the efficacy of seven microbial consortia, formulated with strain R14 either individually or in conjunction with four other PGPMs strains, were assessed. The findings revealed that the consortium consisting of R14, Paraburkholderia caribensis (PSB1), and Bacillus subtilis (B3) performed better than other combinations (approximately 2.02 times greater shoot length, 2.21 times more nodules per plant, and 1.62 times higher fresh shoot weight ) as compare to control. This particular consortium demonstrated significant regarding yield parameters, the highest pod number per plant (25.3), grain yield (1.48 g plant-1), and total biomass content (3.98 g plant-1) Thus, this specific microbial consortia hold promise for enhancing lentil production in the Indo-Gangetic plains.

This article compares two efficient numerical schemes for solving time-fractional subdiffusion equations. The fractional derivative is taken in the Caputo sense of order (alpha in (0,1)). The solution to this problem generally has a layer due to mild singularity near (t=0). As a result, the standard numerical scheme degrades the convergence rate on uniform meshes. The L1-2 and L2-(1_{sigma }) techniques are used in the time direction on a graded mesh to study the layer behavior of the solution. In contrast, the spatial derivative is approximated by applying the central finite difference formula on a uniform mesh. The computational results and comparison with existing literature demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.

The pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutrient release pattern from rice residue in the soil using 8 different decomposers in light textured soil of Western Indo-Gangetic plain for 90days incubation. The results ecluides that all the properties increased with incubating time except pH and soil organic carbon. However, among treatments, urea and Trichoderma treated residue revealed highest declining in the pH while Jivamrit and Trichoderma treated pots for EC after 90days of incubation. Higher the availability of substrate in untreated rice residue revealed highest organic carbon content. Among the nutrients, N resembled with urea treated residues while P, K, Fe, Mn and Cu revealed highest for vermicompost treated pot and Zn for Trichoderma treated pots. The lowest concentration of each nutrient was recorded for non-treated rice residue which might be due to reduced rate of mineralization and decomposition.

This bibliometric study explores the global research landscape of pervious concrete using Web of Science data from 1990 to 2023. The analysis reveals the steady growth and interdisciplinary nature of pervious concrete research, with contributions from civil engineering, materials science, and environmental sciences. China and the United States lead in research output and impact, while collaboration clusters highlight the importance of international partnerships. Influential authors and research networks showcase the role of collaboration in advancing the field. Keyword analysis uncovers focus areas: material properties, sustainability, hydrological applications, and emerging research directions. Findings emphasize the potential of pervious concrete to address environmental challenges and guide future research efforts in promising directions.

The production of construction and demolition (C&D) waste and waste tyre rubber crumbs are crucial aspects of sustainable waste management and environmental conservation worldwide. Various initiatives promote the recycling and reuse of these waste materials for sustainable practices. This paper presents a comparative study on the influence of incorporating partial contents of recycled fine rubber crumbs in the recycled construction and demolition waste (RCDW), crushed aggregates, and river sand on the shear parameters (c, ϕ) of the mix. The fine rubber crumbs were mixed with the aforementioned materials in varying contents, i.e., 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% by weight. The minimum and maximum densities were evaluated, and the strain-controlled direct shear tests were performed using the above combinations at 60% relative density to evaluate the shear parameters. The results showed a significant improvement in the ϕ-values of all three materials when mixed with rubber crumbs. The improvement ratio was higher for RCDW than for the other materials. However, a slight decrease in the cohesion values was observed. The outcomes of this study demonstrate the potential of waste rubber crumbs to enhance the shear strength of waste and natural construction materials, contributing to the development of innovative infrastructure solutions and reducing environmental impact.

The reproductive biology indicators and spawning pattern of ‘dotted sawfin barb’, Pethia punctata was investigated from two distinct aquatic environments (lentic and lotic) from Western Ghats, India. The overall sex ratio showed variation between lotic (Periyar River) and lentic (Kole wetlands) ecosystems. Assessment of gonadal morphological features confirmed five stages of maturity for both sexes. Monthly assessment of three gonadal indices (Gonadosomatic, Modified gonadosomatic and Dobriyal) revealed Southwest monsoon synchronized spawning in both ecosystems. It is a low fecund fish ranged between 357 and 2258 from Kole and 400–2613 from Periyar River. Higher occurrence of mature ova with corresponding high gonadal indices confirmed its Southwest monsoon breeding nature. This study underscores the importance of multidisciplinary approach by using different methods to assess the spawning pattern for P. punctata The research outcomes will form a reference guide for formulating managerial strategies for sustainable use and developing artificial propagation techniques for the species by aquaculturists.