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Theoretical Prediction for Thermo-Elastic Properties of TiO2 (Rutile Phase) 二氧化钛(金红石相)热弹性性能的理论预测
IF 1.2 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s40009-023-01358-0
Anjani K. Pandey, Chandra K. Dixit, Shivam Srivastava, Prachi Singh, Shipra Tripathi

The equation of state plays a crucial role in calculating the elastic properties of nano TiO2 (Rutile phase). In this study, we used three different equations of state, namely Birch Murnaghan 3rd EOS, modified Lenard Jones EOS, and Vinet–Rydberg EOS to investigate the thermoelastic properties of titanium dioxide under high pressure. The obtained results for pressure calculations at different values of V/V0 are in good agreement with available experimental data, indicating that these EOSs can be used for calculating the thermoelastic properties of nanomaterials as well. In this research, we established the bulk modulus, first pressure derivative of bulk modulus, and the Grüneisen parameter. The theoretically calculated results were compared with the available data, and it was found that the ratio of γ/Ω (where Ω = V/V0), i.e., the variation of Grüneisen parameter with volume compression ratio remains constant for solids.

状态方程在计算纳米二氧化钛(金红石相)的弹性特性中起着至关重要的作用。在这项研究中,我们使用了三种不同的状态方程,即 Birch Murnaghan 3rd EOS、修正的 Lenard Jones EOS 和 Vinet-Rydberg EOS,来研究二氧化钛在高压下的热弹性特性。不同 V/V0 值下的压力计算结果与现有实验数据非常吻合,表明这些 EOS 也可用于计算纳米材料的热弹性特性。在这项研究中,我们建立了体弹性模量、体弹性模量的一压导数以及格吕尼森参数。将理论计算结果与现有数据进行比较后发现,γ/Ω 的比值(其中 Ω = V/V0),即格鲁尼森参数随体积压缩比的变化对于固体来说保持不变。
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引用次数: 0
Extreme Rainfall Analysis for Development of Rainfall Intensity Duration Frequency Curves for Semiarid Region of Andhra Pradesh in India 极端降雨分析用于编制印度安得拉邦半干旱地区的降雨强度-持续时间-频率曲线
IF 1.2 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40009-023-01360-6
K. Ashok Kumar, K. V. S. Sudheer, K. Pavani, G. D. Umadevi, C. V. C. M. Reddy, B. Sahadeva Reddy

In semiarid regions, water being the main constraint, the rainfall intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves play a significant role in water resources engineering and management. The IDF curves are used to assess the heavy rainfall events, climatic regimes classification, to derive design storms, etc. The objective of the present study is to develop IDF curves for the Ananthapuramu district in semiarid region of southern India. Annual peak rainfall data of 56 years (1966–2021) at Agricultural Research Station, Ananthapuramu, were analyzed for extraction of peak rain-storm intensity value, their corresponding durations and the frequency using Gumbel distribution method. The short-duration rainfall intensity was estimated using empirical reduction method described by the India Meteorological Department. The parameters of the IDF equation and correlation coefficient for different periods were calculated (2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years). The results of the data analysis indicated that rainfall intensity decreased with increase in rainfall duration. Further, a rainfall of any given duration will have larger intensity if its return period is large. The most frequent rainfall durations in the study area are 15, 30, and 45 min, and they were found to account for 22.4%, 28.2%, and 32.4%, respectively, of the total daily rainfall, whereas the percentage of the daily rainfall during 1-, 2-, and 3-h storm events was 34.9%, 44.5%, and 50.9%, respectively. By using these relations, short-duration rainfall can be quickly estimated, saving time, money, and other resources. The IDF curves can be recommended for the prediction of rainfall intensity and frequency of return period for Ananthapuramu district in semiarid region of Andhra Pradesh.

在半干旱地区,水是主要的制约因素,降雨强度-持续时间-频率(IDF)曲线在水资源工程和管理中发挥着重要作用。IDF 曲线用于评估暴雨事件、气候系统分类、推导设计暴雨等。本研究的目的是为印度南部半干旱地区的阿南塔普拉穆地区绘制 IDF 曲线。研究人员分析了阿南塔普拉穆农业研究站 56 年(1966-2021 年)的年降雨量峰值数据,利用甘贝尔分布法提取了暴雨强度峰值、相应持续时间和频率。短时降雨强度采用印度气象局描述的经验还原法进行估算。计算了不同时期(2、5、10、25、50 和 100 年)的 IDF 方程参数和相关系数。数据分析结果表明,降雨强度随着降雨持续时间的增加而降低。此外,任何给定持续时间的降雨,如果其回归期较长,则降雨强度较大。研究地区最频繁的降雨持续时间为 15、30 和 45 分钟,它们分别占日降雨总量的 22.4%、28.2% 和 32.4%,而 1、2 和 3 小时暴雨事件的日降雨量百分比分别为 34.9%、44.5% 和 50.9%。利用这些关系可以快速估算短时降雨量,从而节省时间、金钱和其他资源。IDF 曲线可推荐用于预测安得拉邦半干旱地区 Ananthapuramu 区的降雨强度和重现期频率。
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引用次数: 0
On Farey Graceful Labeling 关于法瑞优雅标签
IF 1.2 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s40009-023-01355-3
Ajay Kumar, Debdas Mishra, V. K. Srivastava

Basically, this paper is motivated by Farey sequence. In this paper, we develop a new type of graph labeling based on Number Theoretic Sequence which we call Farey graceful labeling. We prove that all paths, caterpillars, cycles and hairy cycles admit a Farey graceful labeling.

从根本上说,本文的灵感来源于 Farey 序列。在本文中,我们开发了一种基于数论序列的新型图标注,我们称之为法雷优美标注。我们证明了所有路径、毛毛虫、循环和毛发循环都可以用 Farey 优美标注。
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引用次数: 0
Homogeneity in Traditional Knowledge on Plant-Based Ethno-dyes in Reasi District, Jammu and Kashmir, India 印度查谟和克什米尔里亚西地区基于植物的民族染料传统知识的同质性
IF 1.2 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40009-023-01361-5
Vasundra Sharma, Harish Chander Dutt

Natural dyes, especially from plants like Indigo, Madder, and Heena, have been known to mankind and are used for thousands of years by people. These dyes are nontoxic, hypo-allergic and ecofriendly and thus the best alternative to synthetic dyes. A total of 41 plant species were reported to be used as dye resource by locals of Reasi district in Jammu and Kashmir, India. Survey revealed that various parts of seven plant species are purchased from local market by the locals. All the plants exploited for producing natural dye have been grouped into seven different use categories and quantitatively analyzed for informant consensus factor (ICF). It has been observed that maximum plant species are used by the locals for coloring textiles, but statistical quantification index ‘ICF’ has proved that users have the strong consensus toward imparting colors to skin using plant species.

天然染料,尤其是来自靛蓝、茜草和希纳等植物的天然染料,已为人类所熟知,并被人们使用了数千年。这些染料无毒、低过敏性、环保,因此是合成染料的最佳替代品。据报道,印度查谟和克什米尔里亚西地区的当地人总共使用了 41 种植物作为染料资源。调查显示,当地人从当地市场购买了 7 种植物的不同部分。所有用于生产天然染料的植物被分为七个不同的用途类别,并对信息提供者共识因子(ICF)进行了定量分析。据观察,当地人使用最多的植物品种是给纺织品着色,但统计量化指数 "ICF "证明,用户对使用植物品种给皮肤着色有强烈的共识。
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引用次数: 0
On 3D Printing of Functionally Graded Implants Using Two Different Metallic Powder-Based Alloys 使用两种不同的金属粉末合金三维打印功能分级植入物
IF 1.2 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1007/s40009-023-01357-1
Rupinder Singh, Minhaz Husain, Sahil Mehra

For 3D printing of single metallic alloys like Ti-6Al-4 V, Ni-625, 17-4 precipitate hardened (PH) stainless steel (SS), etc. in powder form the use of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is widely reported. This study outlines the 3D printing of two different metallic powder-based alloys (17-4 PH SS and Ni-625) for fabricating functionally graded implants (FGI) by using phelan and dodecahedron as an infill to get meta-structures with tunable properties of Ni-625 between 17 and 4 PH SS layers. The results indicate that the 3D-printed dodecahedron-based meta-structure is recommended for the fabrication of FGI due to a higher corrosion rate (CR) of 0.081 mm2/yr and less Young's modulus (E) 863.86 MPa than phelan having CR 0.023 mm2/yr and E 900 MPa.

对于粉末状单一金属合金(如 Ti-6Al-4 V、Ni-625、17-4 沉淀硬化(PH)不锈钢(SS)等)的三维打印,直接金属激光烧结(DMLS)的使用已被广泛报道。本研究概述了两种不同金属粉末基合金(17-4 PH SS 和 Ni-625)的三维打印,通过使用菲兰和十二面体作为填充物,在 17 层和 4 层 PH SS 之间获得具有可调特性的 Ni-625 元结构,从而制造功能分级植入物(FGI)。结果表明,基于十二面体的三维打印元结构的腐蚀率(CR)为 0.081 mm2/yr,杨氏模量(E)为 863.86 MPa,低于腐蚀率为 0.023 mm2/yr、杨氏模量为 900 MPa 的菲兰元结构,因此推荐用于制造 FGI。
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引用次数: 0
Supplementary manual pollination: a potential technology to enhance the yield and quality in white fleshed dragon fruit variety 辅助人工授粉:提高白肉火龙果产量和质量的潜在技术
IF 1.2 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s40009-023-01356-2
K. M. Boraiah, P. S. Basavaraj, C. B. Harisha, Vijaysinha D. Kakade, Hanamant Halli, Prakash Kate, Jagadish Rane, H. Pathak

In India, during the initial period of dragon fruit introduction, white fleshed variety was planted in large acreage. However, the yield of this variety was very low, since it bears a greater proportion of smaller fruits. The supplementary manual self- and cross-pollinations enhanced fruit size up to 30 (321 g) and 82% (452 g), respectively, compared to natural pollination (247 g). Consequently, an additional yield of 3.0 (33%) and 9.0 tons (100%) per acre can be expected if manual self- and cross-pollinations adopted, respectively, over and above the actual yield of natural pollination (8–10 tons per acre). Hence, supplementary pollination can potentially enhance the yield up to 18 tons per acre, besides improving the fruit quality. The present study findings bring hope to farmers who planted the white dragon fruit variety and improve their livelihood by doubling their income.

印度在引进火龙果的初期,大量种植白肉品种。然而,由于白肉火龙果果实较小,产量很低。与自然授粉(247 克)相比,辅助人工自花授粉和异花授粉的果实大小分别增加了 30%(321 克)和 82%(452 克)。因此,如果采用人工自花授粉和异花授粉,预计每英亩可分别增产 3.0 吨(33%)和 9.0 吨(100%),超过自然授粉的实际产量(每英亩 8-10 吨)。因此,除了提高果实质量外,辅助授粉还有可能将亩产量提高到 18 吨。本研究结果为种植白火龙果品种的农民带来了希望,使他们的生活得到改善,收入翻番。
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引用次数: 0
Socio-economic Impacts of Agricultural Technologies on Farmers’ Livelihood 农业技术对农民生计的社会经济影响
IF 1.2 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1007/s40009-023-01351-7
Jagdeep Singh, Mamta Kumari

Farmers toil day and night to feed humanity, while their social and economic situations deteriorate by the day. Indian agriculture is primarily dependent on monsoon which leads to strong crop output. Farmers face numerous problems such as lack of mechanization, irrigation, working capital, fertilizers & pesticides, availability of quality seeds at affordable prices, MSP, and fragmented land-holdings. Agriculture is a crucial sector for global food security and economic development. This research aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the social and economic impacts of agricultural technologies on farmers' livelihoods. The study was conducted for 32 districts of 3 states (n = 1440) in India during 2020–2021. The study found that agricultural technologies have positive socioeconomic impacts on farmers’ livelihoods. The research also found that technology is necessary and integrated part of agriculture to boost production, efficiency, and sustainability.

农民日夜操劳,为人类提供食物,而他们的社会和经济状况却日益恶化。印度农业主要依赖季风,季风导致农作物产量高。农民面临着许多问题,如缺乏机械化、灌溉、周转资金、化肥和杀虫剂、无法以可承受的价格获得优质种子、MSP 以及土地所有权分散等。农业是全球粮食安全和经济发展的关键部门。本研究旨在深入分析农业技术对农民生计的社会和经济影响。研究在 2020-2021 年期间对印度 3 个邦的 32 个地区(n = 1440)进行。研究发现,农业技术对农民的生计具有积极的社会经济影响。研究还发现,技术是农业的必要组成部分,是提高产量、效率和可持续性的综合手段。
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引用次数: 0
On Tertiary Recycling of PVDF with Reinforcement of Waste Dry Cell Components 利用废弃干电池组件加固聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)的三级循环利用
IF 1.2 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s40009-023-01352-6
Ankush Mehta, Rupinder Singh, B. S. Pabla

Commercially dry cells are being used extensively both for domestic and industrial applications, and their disposal is also a challenge for solid waste management. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) thermoplastic-based functional parts are also in high demand for electronic gadgets, touch screens, sensors, etc., and their recycling may help in urban mining. Significant studies have been reported on primary (1°) and secondary (2°) recycling of PVDF, but yet less has been testified on its tertiary (3°) recycling. In this study, the 3° recycling of PVDF was performed by reinforcing different chemicals/salts (graphite, MnO2, ZnCl2, and NH4Cl) recovered from waste dry cells used in domestic applications. The composition/proportion of different reinforcements in a 3° recycled PVDF composite matrix was ascertained based on the melt flow index (MFI) for its possible 3D printing using fused filament fabrication (FFF). Finally, the mechanical and dielectric properties of 3° recycled PVDF composites were observed based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The results suggest that the proposed 3° recycled PVDF composite matrix may be used for sensing applications due to the formation of the β phase.

商用干电池被广泛用于家庭和工业用途,其处理也是固体废物管理的一项挑战。以聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)热塑性塑料为基础的功能部件在电子产品、触摸屏、传感器等方面的需求量也很大,它们的回收利用可能有助于城市采矿业。有关 PVDF 一级(1°)和二级(2°)循环利用的研究报道很多,但有关其三级(3°)循环利用的研究报道较少。在这项研究中,通过增强从家用废干电池中回收的不同化学物质/盐(石墨、二氧化锰、氯化锌和氯化钠),对 PVDF 进行了 3° 循环利用。根据熔体流动指数(MFI)确定了 3° 再生 PVDF 复合基质中不同增强剂的成分/比例,以便使用熔融长丝制造(FFF)进行 3D 打印。最后,根据 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 分析,观察了 3° 再生 PVDF 复合材料的机械和介电性能。结果表明,由于形成了 β 相,拟议的 3° 再生 PVDF 复合基质可用于传感应用。
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引用次数: 0
Extreme Weather Events and Scientific Research 极端天气事件与科学研究
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.47262/sl/11.3.132023900
The catastrophic flood by which a huge area of Emilia-Romagna region (northern Italy) was affected last May is the most recent out of a long queue of extreme weather events involving the Italian territory throughout the last 13 years. When dealing with extreme weather phenomena, representing nowadays a "minimum common denominator" worldwide, global warming should be kept into a special account, given that the highest mean temperatures on Earth in the last 140 years have been recorded between 2015 and 2022. This implies that consistent financial investments are needed to adequately cope with extreme weather events in Italy as well as in many other countries, thereby adopting an ad hoc "mind and paradigm change" and through a multidisciplinary, basic and applied, "One Health"-inspired research effort. To this aim, we should firmly keep in mind that the money sums invested in "prevention" are exceedingly lower than those spent for the "therapy" of natural disasters.
去年5月,意大利北部艾米利亚-罗马涅(Emilia-Romagna)地区的大片地区遭受了灾难性的洪水,这是过去13年来意大利境内发生的一系列极端天气事件中最近的一次。在处理极端天气现象时,考虑到过去140年来地球上最高的平均温度是在2015年至2022年之间记录的,全球变暖应该被纳入一个特殊的考虑范围,而极端天气现象在当今世界范围内代表着“最小公分母”。这意味着需要持续的财政投资,以充分应对意大利和许多其他国家的极端天气事件,从而采取特别的“思维和范式转变”,并通过多学科、基础和应用、“同一个健康”启发的研究工作。为此,我们应该牢牢记住,用于“预防”的资金远远低于用于“治疗”自然灾害的资金。
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引用次数: 0
Deep Regression Network for Single-Image Super-Resolution Based on Down- and Upsampling with RCA Blocks 基于 RCA 块降采样和升采样的单图像超分辨率深度回归网络
IF 1.2 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.1007/s40009-023-01353-5
S. Karthick, N. Muthukumaran

A regression network is created to transform low-resolution (LR) images into high-resolution (HR) images. The LR images are processed using a deep regression approach for producing HR images. LR images are initially used as input, and the raw input image is subsequently enlarged to adjust the image size without changing the information. An image’s physical size can be altered without altering the pixel proportions. After that, a regression network produces high-quality images after resizing low-quality ones. According to the simulation study, the proposed method achieves 98% accuracy, 0.02% error, 97% precision, and 94% specificity.

创建一个回归网络,将低分辨率(LR)图像转换为高分辨率(HR)图像。使用深度回归方法处理低分辨率图像,生成高分辨率图像。最初使用低分辨率图像作为输入,然后放大原始输入图像,在不改变信息的情况下调整图像大小。图像的物理尺寸可以在不改变像素比例的情况下改变。之后,回归网络会在调整低质量图像的大小后生成高质量图像。根据模拟研究,所提出的方法达到了 98% 的准确率、0.02% 的误差、97% 的精确度和 94% 的特异性。
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引用次数: 0
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