Karl Albright Tiston, Chuenkhwan Tipachan, Tawanrat Yimnoi, Rongrong Cheacharoen, Voravee P. Hoven, Benjaporn Narupai
Stretchable conductive hydrogels have garnered considerable recognition due to their uses in strain sensors, electronic skins, soft robotics, and actuators. However, many hydrogels have poor mechanical properties limiting widespread implementation. While the development of ultrastretchable and mechanically robust hydrogels remains a challenge, the fabrication of these materials with customized designs is also highly desirable. Herein, a direct‐ink write 3D printable double‐network (DN) hydrogel is reported by integrating a physically cross‐linked κ‐carrageenan and a chemically cross‐linked poly(acrylamide‐co‐hydroxyethyl acrylate‐co‐Pluronic F127‐bisurethane methacrylate) with an ionically cross‐linked coordination between κ‐carrageenan and Fe3+ ions in water–glycerol binary solvent. The DN hydrogel demonstrates excellent stretchability (1770% strain), remarkable toughness (6.24 MJ m−3), high ionic conductivity (1.55 S m−1), biocompatibility, and nondrying behavior. A variety of 3D printed constructs including auxetic structures are fabricated and used as a strain sensor. The sensor exhibited real‐time electrical response to strain to detect human motions demonstrating the practicality of this system. These 3D printable DN hydrogels show great potential for on‐demand fabrication of flexible health‐monitoring devices.
{"title":"3D Printing of Ultrastretchable and Tough Double‐Network Hydrogel for Strain Sensor","authors":"Karl Albright Tiston, Chuenkhwan Tipachan, Tawanrat Yimnoi, Rongrong Cheacharoen, Voravee P. Hoven, Benjaporn Narupai","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400751","url":null,"abstract":"Stretchable conductive hydrogels have garnered considerable recognition due to their uses in strain sensors, electronic skins, soft robotics, and actuators. However, many hydrogels have poor mechanical properties limiting widespread implementation. While the development of ultrastretchable and mechanically robust hydrogels remains a challenge, the fabrication of these materials with customized designs is also highly desirable. Herein, a direct‐ink write 3D printable double‐network (DN) hydrogel is reported by integrating a physically cross‐linked κ‐carrageenan and a chemically cross‐linked poly(acrylamide‐<jats:italic>co</jats:italic>‐hydroxyethyl acrylate‐<jats:italic>co</jats:italic>‐Pluronic F127‐bisurethane methacrylate) with an ionically cross‐linked coordination between κ‐carrageenan and Fe<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> ions in water–glycerol binary solvent. The DN hydrogel demonstrates excellent stretchability (1770% strain), remarkable toughness (6.24 MJ m<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup>), high ionic conductivity (1.55 S m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>), biocompatibility, and nondrying behavior. A variety of 3D printed constructs including auxetic structures are fabricated and used as a strain sensor. The sensor exhibited real‐time electrical response to strain to detect human motions demonstrating the practicality of this system. These 3D printable DN hydrogels show great potential for on‐demand fabrication of flexible health‐monitoring devices.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The piezo‐phototronic effect is widely used to regulate the interface of multilayer structures to tune the transportation of carriers by mechanical strain‐induced piezoelectric polarization charges. Besides, such modulation of the interface can also be achieved by the flexoelectric polarization charges induced by the mechanical strain gradients. Therefore, it is expected these two kinds of polarization charges can cooperate. In this work, a flexible phototransistor array based on n‐AZO/p‐Si/n‐ZnO structure is successfully demonstrated. The piezoelectric and flexoelectric polarization charges generated at the interfaces of the collector junction and the emitter junction, combined with the natural hole barrier at the emitter‐based interface, leads to the excellent performance of phototransistor for the ultraviolet (UV) –near infrared (NIR) range. Moreover, strain/optical imaging based on the flexible phototransistor array under different wavelengths of light is systematically investigated. The physical mechanism of the coupling between piezo‐phototronic and flexoelectric effects is further studied by analyzing the energy band and found to be attributed to the improvement of the emission efficiency and base transport efficiency. This work not only proposes a high‐performance flexible phototransistor array but also provides a new methodology to effectively modulate the interface by coupling the piezo‐phototronic effect and the flexoelectric effect.
{"title":"Flexible Phototransistor Array Enhanced by Coupling the Piezo‐Phototronic Effect and the Flexoelectric Effect for Strain/Optical Sensing and Imaging","authors":"Yitong Wang, Fangpei Li, Wenbo Peng, Wanli Xie, Xiaolong Zhao, Yongning He","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400939","url":null,"abstract":"The piezo‐phototronic effect is widely used to regulate the interface of multilayer structures to tune the transportation of carriers by mechanical strain‐induced piezoelectric polarization charges. Besides, such modulation of the interface can also be achieved by the flexoelectric polarization charges induced by the mechanical strain gradients. Therefore, it is expected these two kinds of polarization charges can cooperate. In this work, a flexible phototransistor array based on n‐AZO/p‐Si/n‐ZnO structure is successfully demonstrated. The piezoelectric and flexoelectric polarization charges generated at the interfaces of the collector junction and the emitter junction, combined with the natural hole barrier at the emitter‐based interface, leads to the excellent performance of phototransistor for the ultraviolet (UV) –near infrared (NIR) range. Moreover, strain/optical imaging based on the flexible phototransistor array under different wavelengths of light is systematically investigated. The physical mechanism of the coupling between piezo‐phototronic and flexoelectric effects is further studied by analyzing the energy band and found to be attributed to the improvement of the emission efficiency and base transport efficiency. This work not only proposes a high‐performance flexible phototransistor array but also provides a new methodology to effectively modulate the interface by coupling the piezo‐phototronic effect and the flexoelectric effect.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) has the disadvantage of a lower histopathological complete resection rate (HCRR) because blunt resection using CSP‐dedicated snares (DSs) causes mucosal retraction into the sheath during capture/resection. In this study, attachments are designed to narrow the sheath tip's inner diameter from 1.8 to 1.3‒1.1 mm to prevent mucosal retraction. Eight prototype snares with different component characteristics are combined with these attachments. Additionally, product version DS with attachment (Smart Snare Cold) and existing DSs, such as Exacto Cold Snare, are prepared. For snare performance evaluation, the force required to resect (FRR) human colonic mucosa, mucosal retraction amount (MRA), and clinical data are obtained. The attachments that narrowed the inner diameter to 1.3 or 1.1 mm reduce the FRR to 74.9%−93.8% and 68.0%−84.9%, respectively, and reduce the MRA to 21.0%−35.3% and 15.1%−26.8%, respectively. Thus, the reduced inner diameter improves resection ability and prevents mucosal retraction. The clinical findings show that Smart Snare Cold has significantly higher muscularis mucosa resection rates and HCRRs than Exacto Cold Snare (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). Thus, the novel DS with tip attachment improves the HCRR and overcomes the current CSP disadvantage by simultaneously improving resection ability and preventing mucosal retraction.
{"title":"High‐Performance Dedicated Snares with Tip Attachments can Overcome Current Disadvantages in Cold Snare Polypectomy","authors":"Ryohei Hirose, Naohisa Yoshida, Takuma Yoshida, Hiroki Mukai, Katsuma Yamauchi, Hajime Miyazaki, Naoto Watanabe, Risa Bandou, Ken Inoue, Osamu Dohi, Yoshikazu Inagaki, Yutaka Inada, Takaaki Murakami, Akio Yanagisawa, Hiroshi Ikegaya, Takaaki Nakaya, Yoshito Itoh","doi":"10.1002/admt.202401055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202401055","url":null,"abstract":"Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) has the disadvantage of a lower histopathological complete resection rate (HCRR) because blunt resection using CSP‐dedicated snares (DSs) causes mucosal retraction into the sheath during capture/resection. In this study, attachments are designed to narrow the sheath tip's inner diameter from 1.8 to 1.3‒1.1 mm to prevent mucosal retraction. Eight prototype snares with different component characteristics are combined with these attachments. Additionally, product version DS with attachment (Smart Snare Cold) and existing DSs, such as Exacto Cold Snare, are prepared. For snare performance evaluation, the force required to resect (FRR) human colonic mucosa, mucosal retraction amount (MRA), and clinical data are obtained. The attachments that narrowed the inner diameter to 1.3 or 1.1 mm reduce the FRR to 74.9%−93.8% and 68.0%−84.9%, respectively, and reduce the MRA to 21.0%−35.3% and 15.1%−26.8%, respectively. Thus, the reduced inner diameter improves resection ability and prevents mucosal retraction. The clinical findings show that Smart Snare Cold has significantly higher muscularis mucosa resection rates and HCRRs than Exacto Cold Snare (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.001 and <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.003, respectively). Thus, the novel DS with tip attachment improves the HCRR and overcomes the current CSP disadvantage by simultaneously improving resection ability and preventing mucosal retraction.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Babak Abdi, Hossein Baniasadi, Ali Tarhini, Ali Tehrani‐Bagha
This study explores the development of electrically conductive bio‐based textiles by investigating the fabrication and structural characterization of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) coatings on viscose fabric (VF) using two bio‐based binders. The research employs various analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, water contact angle (WCA) measurements, optical microscopy, air permeability tests, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mechanical property evaluations, and electrical conductivity tests. Optimization of the coating process revealed that a binder concentration of 20 g L−1 combined with six dip‐dry cycles offered the optimal balance of conductivity, water contact angle (WCA), and coating uniformity. The study found distinct correlations between binder type and properties such as WCA, air permeability, surface coverage, and thermal stability. The incorporation of carbon‐based materials significantly enhanced the electrical conductivity of the samples, with MWCNT‐coated fabrics demonstrating higher conductivity compared to those coated with GNP. Furthermore, the inclusion of a hot‐pressing step further improved the electrical conductivity. MWCNT‐coated fabrics exhibited excellent electrical heating properties, generating temperatures up to 130 °C with a 10 V DC voltage. These findings advance the field of e‐textiles, presenting straightforward, bio‐based methods for creating highly conductive textiles with good mechanical properties and thermal stability.
本研究通过研究使用两种生物基粘合剂在粘胶织物（VF）上制作多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）和石墨烯纳米颗粒（GNP）涂层及其结构特征，探索导电生物基纺织品的开发。研究采用了多种分析技术，包括傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）分析、水接触角（WCA）测量、光学显微镜、透气性测试、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、热重分析（TGA）、机械性能评估和导电性测试。涂层工艺的优化表明，20 g L-1 的粘合剂浓度与六次浸干循环相结合，可实现导电性、水接触角 (WCA) 和涂层均匀性的最佳平衡。研究发现，粘合剂类型与 WCA、透气性、表面覆盖率和热稳定性等性能之间存在明显的相关性。碳基材料的加入显著提高了样品的导电性，与涂有 GNP 的织物相比，涂有 MWCNT 的织物具有更高的导电性。此外，加入热压步骤进一步提高了导电性。MWCNT 涂层织物具有优异的电加热性能，在 10 V 直流电压下可产生高达 130 °C 的温度。这些研究结果推动了电子纺织品领域的发展，提出了直接的、基于生物的方法来制造具有良好机械性能和热稳定性的高导电性纺织品。
{"title":"Enhancing Electrical Conductivity in Cellulosic Fabric: A Study of Bio‐Based Coating Formulations","authors":"Babak Abdi, Hossein Baniasadi, Ali Tarhini, Ali Tehrani‐Bagha","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400258","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the development of electrically conductive bio‐based textiles by investigating the fabrication and structural characterization of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) coatings on viscose fabric (VF) using two bio‐based binders. The research employs various analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, water contact angle (WCA) measurements, optical microscopy, air permeability tests, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mechanical property evaluations, and electrical conductivity tests. Optimization of the coating process revealed that a binder concentration of 20 g L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> combined with six dip‐dry cycles offered the optimal balance of conductivity, water contact angle (WCA), and coating uniformity. The study found distinct correlations between binder type and properties such as WCA, air permeability, surface coverage, and thermal stability. The incorporation of carbon‐based materials significantly enhanced the electrical conductivity of the samples, with MWCNT‐coated fabrics demonstrating higher conductivity compared to those coated with GNP. Furthermore, the inclusion of a hot‐pressing step further improved the electrical conductivity. MWCNT‐coated fabrics exhibited excellent electrical heating properties, generating temperatures up to 130 °C with a 10 V DC voltage. These findings advance the field of e‐textiles, presenting straightforward, bio‐based methods for creating highly conductive textiles with good mechanical properties and thermal stability.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junhyun Park, Seong‐Eun Kim, Jaejeung Kim, Minjung Yoon, Junsang Doh, Kyung‐A Hyun, Hyo‐Il Jung
Circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters represent formidable precursors of cancer metastasis due to their heightened immune resistance against natural killer (NK) cells. Despite this, the cytotoxicity of NK cells against CTC clusters, particularly their interaction with other immune cells such as neutrophils, remains inadequately examined. This study introduces a dual‐nozzle integrated droplet microfluidic chip (dual‐nozzle chip) designed to facilitate the deterministic encapsulation of three distinct cell types—CTCs, NK cells, and neutrophils—to monitor the dynamic cytotoxicity between immune cells and target cells. The dual‐nozzle chip comprises double‐spiral channels and a serpentine channel for inertial cell focusing, alongside dual‐nozzle oil phases employed to generate monodisperse droplets at high flow rates. Utilizing Rayleigh–Plateau instability, the focused cell streams, characterized by high inertia, undergo pinching off into monodisperse droplets at the flow‐focusing junction, where dual‐nozzle oil phases are introduced. Consequently, triple cells are paired at the desired ratios, overcoming the intrinsic challenge posed by the Poisson distribution. A droplet‐based assay demonstrates that NK cell‐mediated cytotoxicity varies depending on the type of cancer cells and the presence of suppressor cells. The design strategy of the dual‐nozzle chip exhibits promises for broader applications, emphasizing its potential for analyzing diverse cell‐to‐cell interactions.
{"title":"Dual Nozzle‐Assisted Deterministic Encapsulation of Triple Particles for Screening NK‐Cell Cytotoxicity Against Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters","authors":"Junhyun Park, Seong‐Eun Kim, Jaejeung Kim, Minjung Yoon, Junsang Doh, Kyung‐A Hyun, Hyo‐Il Jung","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400477","url":null,"abstract":"Circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters represent formidable precursors of cancer metastasis due to their heightened immune resistance against natural killer (NK) cells. Despite this, the cytotoxicity of NK cells against CTC clusters, particularly their interaction with other immune cells such as neutrophils, remains inadequately examined. This study introduces a dual‐nozzle integrated droplet microfluidic chip (dual‐nozzle chip) designed to facilitate the deterministic encapsulation of three distinct cell types—CTCs, NK cells, and neutrophils—to monitor the dynamic cytotoxicity between immune cells and target cells. The dual‐nozzle chip comprises double‐spiral channels and a serpentine channel for inertial cell focusing, alongside dual‐nozzle oil phases employed to generate monodisperse droplets at high flow rates. Utilizing Rayleigh–Plateau instability, the focused cell streams, characterized by high inertia, undergo pinching off into monodisperse droplets at the flow‐focusing junction, where dual‐nozzle oil phases are introduced. Consequently, triple cells are paired at the desired ratios, overcoming the intrinsic challenge posed by the Poisson distribution. A droplet‐based assay demonstrates that NK cell‐mediated cytotoxicity varies depending on the type of cancer cells and the presence of suppressor cells. The design strategy of the dual‐nozzle chip exhibits promises for broader applications, emphasizing its potential for analyzing diverse cell‐to‐cell interactions.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiantong Wang, Dongjie Jiang, Yuwen Lu, Nuo Xu, Zilu Wang, Enhao Zheng, Rongli Wang, Yunbiao Zhao, Qining Wang
Simultaneously detecting muscular deformation and biopotential signals provides comprehensive insights of the muscle activity. However, the substantial size and weight of detecting equipment result in reduced wearer benefits and comfort. It remains a challenge to establish a flexible and lightweight wearable system for mapping muscular morphological parameters while collecting biopotentials. Herein, a fully integrated dual‐mode wearable system for monitoring lower‐extremity muscular activity is introduced. The system utilizes an iontronic pressure sensing matrix (16 channels) for precise mapping of force myography (FMG) within a single muscle, while simultaneously capturing the muscular electrophysiological signals using a self‐customized electromyography (EMG) sensing module. Experimental results show that the bimodal sensing system is capable of capturing complementary and comprehensive aspects of muscular activity, which reflect activation and architectural changes of the muscle. By leveraging machine learning techniques, the integrated system significantly (p < 0.05) enhances the average gait phase recognition accuracy to 96.35%, and reduces the average ankle joint angle estimation error to 1.44°. This work establishes a foundation for lightweight and bimodal muscular sensing front‐ends, which is promising in applications of human–machine interfaces and wearable robotics.
{"title":"A Dual‐Mode, Scalable, Machine‐Learning‐Enhanced Wearable Sensing System for Synergetic Muscular Activity Monitoring","authors":"Tiantong Wang, Dongjie Jiang, Yuwen Lu, Nuo Xu, Zilu Wang, Enhao Zheng, Rongli Wang, Yunbiao Zhao, Qining Wang","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400857","url":null,"abstract":"Simultaneously detecting muscular deformation and biopotential signals provides comprehensive insights of the muscle activity. However, the substantial size and weight of detecting equipment result in reduced wearer benefits and comfort. It remains a challenge to establish a flexible and lightweight wearable system for mapping muscular morphological parameters while collecting biopotentials. Herein, a fully integrated dual‐mode wearable system for monitoring lower‐extremity muscular activity is introduced. The system utilizes an iontronic pressure sensing matrix (16 channels) for precise mapping of force myography (FMG) within a single muscle, while simultaneously capturing the muscular electrophysiological signals using a self‐customized electromyography (EMG) sensing module. Experimental results show that the bimodal sensing system is capable of capturing complementary and comprehensive aspects of muscular activity, which reflect activation and architectural changes of the muscle. By leveraging machine learning techniques, the integrated system significantly (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05) enhances the average gait phase recognition accuracy to 96.35%, and reduces the average ankle joint angle estimation error to 1.44°. This work establishes a foundation for lightweight and bimodal muscular sensing front‐ends, which is promising in applications of human–machine interfaces and wearable robotics.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aydin Sadeqi, Ruben Del‐Rio‐Ruiz, Hojatollah Rezaei Nejad, Jessica Resnick‐Sousa, Hannah Creasey, Olivia Goss, Cihan Asci, Giovanni Widmer, Sameer R. Sonkusale
Technologies capable of noninvasively sampling different locations in the gut upstream of the colon will enable new insights into the role of organ‐specific microbiomes on human health. Herein, an ingestible pill for the sampling of gut lumen based on one of the earliest hydraulic machines known as an Archimedes screw is reported. The design contains twisted wires as Archimedes screw driven by a motor, wirelessly activated using a magnet. The sampling performance of the screw‐pump pill is characterized using realistic in vitro models and validated in vitro using E. coli expressing different fluorescent proteins. The use of the Archimedes screw enables the pill to sample the dense GI environment. The pill is also tested ex vivo in the pig intestine and in vivo in pigs. Herein, the results show that the bacterial populations recovered from the pill's chamber closely resemble the targeted bacterial population of the microenvironment to which the pill is exposed. Such ingestible devices have the potential to revolutionize the understanding of the spatial diversity of the gut microbiome and its response to medical conditions and treatments.
{"title":"Magnetically Activated Ingestible Pill with Archimedes Screw for On‐Demand Sampling of Intestinal Microbiome","authors":"Aydin Sadeqi, Ruben Del‐Rio‐Ruiz, Hojatollah Rezaei Nejad, Jessica Resnick‐Sousa, Hannah Creasey, Olivia Goss, Cihan Asci, Giovanni Widmer, Sameer R. Sonkusale","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400750","url":null,"abstract":"Technologies capable of noninvasively sampling different locations in the gut upstream of the colon will enable new insights into the role of organ‐specific microbiomes on human health. Herein, an ingestible pill for the sampling of gut lumen based on one of the earliest hydraulic machines known as an Archimedes screw is reported. The design contains twisted wires as Archimedes screw driven by a motor, wirelessly activated using a magnet. The sampling performance of the screw‐pump pill is characterized using realistic in vitro models and validated in vitro using <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> expressing different fluorescent proteins. The use of the Archimedes screw enables the pill to sample the dense GI environment. The pill is also tested ex vivo in the pig intestine and in vivo in pigs. Herein, the results show that the bacterial populations recovered from the pill's chamber closely resemble the targeted bacterial population of the microenvironment to which the pill is exposed. Such ingestible devices have the potential to revolutionize the understanding of the spatial diversity of the gut microbiome and its response to medical conditions and treatments.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benedikt Keitel, Sandra Dietl, Tom Philipp, Gregor Neusser, Christine Kranz, Harald Sobek, Boris Mizaikoff, Mehmet Dinc
Hierarchical porous acrylate‐based materials are highly interesting as 3D filter materials, such as for virus removal from suspensions. Here, the synthesis of highly porous monolithic 3D materials by polymerization‐induced phase separation in liquid crystal display (LCD) based 3D printing is presented for the efficient removal of human adenovirus type 5. The hierarchical porosity can be tuned via the variation of the photocurable resin composition (i.e., inherent porosity) and the computer‐aided design (i.e., “printed” porosity; microchannels). 3D polymer structures with highly intricate geometries and structural features ranging from ≈20 nm up to cm can be achieved, which can be used for effective virus removal in a laboratory‐scale flow‐through approach. Combined focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy tomography and mercury porosimetry provide detailed information on the inherent pore size, pore size distribution, and pore interconnectivity, which is key for the performance of such functional 3D materials. Polymers with a theoretical void volume of 75% show virus capture with a removal efficiency of ≈70% of the adenovirus. Polymers with the same theoretical void volume and macroscopic design but a more hydrophobic nature captured only ≈33%. An optimized adenovirus retention of 98% is achieved by adjusting the microchannels of the tunable inserts.
{"title":"3D‐Printed Highly Porous Functional Materials for the Efficient Removal of Adenovirus","authors":"Benedikt Keitel, Sandra Dietl, Tom Philipp, Gregor Neusser, Christine Kranz, Harald Sobek, Boris Mizaikoff, Mehmet Dinc","doi":"10.1002/admt.202401178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202401178","url":null,"abstract":"Hierarchical porous acrylate‐based materials are highly interesting as 3D filter materials, such as for virus removal from suspensions. Here, the synthesis of highly porous monolithic 3D materials by polymerization‐induced phase separation in liquid crystal display (LCD) based 3D printing is presented for the efficient removal of human adenovirus type 5. The hierarchical porosity can be tuned via the variation of the photocurable resin composition (i.e., inherent porosity) and the computer‐aided design (i.e., “printed” porosity; microchannels). 3D polymer structures with highly intricate geometries and structural features ranging from ≈20 nm up to cm can be achieved, which can be used for effective virus removal in a laboratory‐scale flow‐through approach. Combined focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy tomography and mercury porosimetry provide detailed information on the inherent pore size, pore size distribution, and pore interconnectivity, which is key for the performance of such functional 3D materials. Polymers with a theoretical void volume of 75% show virus capture with a removal efficiency of ≈70% of the adenovirus. Polymers with the same theoretical void volume and macroscopic design but a more hydrophobic nature captured only ≈33%. An optimized adenovirus retention of 98% is achieved by adjusting the microchannels of the tunable inserts.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Yasar Razzaq, Harald Rupp, Maria Balk, Anke Schadewald
This study presents a novel approach to fabricate 3D‐printed phosphorous‐based acrylate monomers using stereolithographic 3D printing technology, aiming to create demonstrators with exceptional shape‐memory characteristics and robust flame retardant properties. The synthesized materials combine the advantages of 3D printing precision with the intrinsic flame retardancy of phosphorous‐based monomers, offering a versatile solution for applications requiring both shape memory functionality and fire resistance. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of the intrinsically flame‐retardant shape‐memory polymer (IFR‐SMP) can reach 34%, and the vertical combustion rating after UL 94 can obtain V‐0. The mechanism of the IFR‐SMP flame retardant mainly includes terminating a free‐radical chain reaction and gas phase dilution, which indicates that the gas‐phase mechanism plays an important role in the flame retardancy. This work advances the frontiers of 3D printing technology by demonstrating the synergistic potential of shape memory and flame retardancy within a single material system, providing a pathway toward the development of innovative and resilient materials for the future.
{"title":"Stereolithographic 3D Printing of Intrinsically Flame‐Retardant Shape‐Memory Polymers","authors":"Muhammad Yasar Razzaq, Harald Rupp, Maria Balk, Anke Schadewald","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400045","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a novel approach to fabricate 3D‐printed phosphorous‐based acrylate monomers using stereolithographic 3D printing technology, aiming to create demonstrators with exceptional shape‐memory characteristics and robust flame retardant properties. The synthesized materials combine the advantages of 3D printing precision with the intrinsic flame retardancy of phosphorous‐based monomers, offering a versatile solution for applications requiring both shape memory functionality and fire resistance. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of the intrinsically flame‐retardant shape‐memory polymer (IFR‐SMP) can reach 34%, and the vertical combustion rating after UL 94 can obtain V‐0. The mechanism of the IFR‐SMP flame retardant mainly includes terminating a free‐radical chain reaction and gas phase dilution, which indicates that the gas‐phase mechanism plays an important role in the flame retardancy. This work advances the frontiers of 3D printing technology by demonstrating the synergistic potential of shape memory and flame retardancy within a single material system, providing a pathway toward the development of innovative and resilient materials for the future.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid progression of multispectral detectors poses a serious threat to weapon systems and personnel. The efficiency of stealth camouflage materials, however, has strong wavelength dependence, which limits their functionality to a specific spectral range. Here, a multispectral hierarchical metamaterial (MHM) with broadband microwave absorption, gradient infrared (IR) emissivity, and high visible transparency is proposed. The MHM design entails the integration of two distinct functional layers: the infrared camouflage layer (IRCL) and the radar absorbing layer (RAL). Specifically, leveraging the low‐pass and high‐impedance properties of capacitive frequency selective surfaces and adjustable filling ratio of low IR radiation materials, the IRCL achieves simultaneous high microwave transmission and gradient IR emissivity designs (emissivity gradients > 0.15 at 3–5 and 8–14 µm). The RAL achieves broadband microwave absorption across radar C, X, Ku, and Ka bands through a circuit‐analog absorber designed with lossy materials. Furthermore, prioritizing materials with high transparency enhances the average optical transmittance (>61.8%) of MHM in 380–760 nm. These distinctive features underscore the potential of the proposed MHM for advanced applications in camouflage and stealth technologies.
{"title":"Multispectral Hierarchical Metamaterials with Broadband Microwave Absorption, Gradient Infrared Emissivity, and High Visible Transparency","authors":"Zhen Meng, Dongqing Liu, Yongqiang Pang, Jiafu Wang, Yan Jia, Xinfei Wang, Haifeng Cheng","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400835","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid progression of multispectral detectors poses a serious threat to weapon systems and personnel. The efficiency of stealth camouflage materials, however, has strong wavelength dependence, which limits their functionality to a specific spectral range. Here, a multispectral hierarchical metamaterial (MHM) with broadband microwave absorption, gradient infrared (IR) emissivity, and high visible transparency is proposed. The MHM design entails the integration of two distinct functional layers: the infrared camouflage layer (IRCL) and the radar absorbing layer (RAL). Specifically, leveraging the low‐pass and high‐impedance properties of capacitive frequency selective surfaces and adjustable filling ratio of low IR radiation materials, the IRCL achieves simultaneous high microwave transmission and gradient IR emissivity designs (emissivity gradients > 0.15 at 3–5 and 8–14 µm). The RAL achieves broadband microwave absorption across radar C, X, Ku, and Ka bands through a circuit‐analog absorber designed with lossy materials. Furthermore, prioritizing materials with high transparency enhances the average optical transmittance (>61.8%) of MHM in 380–760 nm. These distinctive features underscore the potential of the proposed MHM for advanced applications in camouflage and stealth technologies.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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