Heng Li Chee, Jing Wen Koo, Ee En Ian Sim, Qiang Zhu, Xu Gao, Md. Faris H. Ramli, Jennifer L. Young, Andrew W. Holle, FuKe Wang
Hydrogel 3D printing holds immense potential in fields like personalized medicine, regenerative therapies, and organ creation, offering biocompatible structures similar to the extracellular matrix. Gelatin‐Methacryloyl (GelMA) emerges as a promising candidate, while its high viscosity poses a significant challenge, especially in vat photopolymerization‐based 3D printing. Here, a new approach is presented by using Hofmeister ionic effect to substantially reduce the viscosity of high‐content (up to 60%) Gelatin bioink at room temperature with enhanced mechanical performance of the printed structures. The thinning effect induced by chaotropic Hofmeister ions is investigated through complex viscosity analysis, optical rotation measurements, and sol–gel conversion studies. The thinning effect induced by chaotropic ions enables precise 3D printing of Gelatin hydrogel, achieving accuracy comparable to prints made with polymers. Furthermore, after polymerization, the cations of the chaotropic salt change their role to cross‐linkers, leading to stronger scaffolds that exhibit biocompatibility with robust cell attachment, proliferation, and suitability for cell growth. The combination facilitates the creation of customizable structures and high printing accuracy will promote the wide application of Gelatin in the development of patient‐specific implants, drug delivery systems, and tissue scaffolds, further improving medical treatment efficacy and personalized healthcare.
{"title":"Hofmeister Ions‐Induced Thinning of Gelatin to Enhance 3D Printing Precision","authors":"Heng Li Chee, Jing Wen Koo, Ee En Ian Sim, Qiang Zhu, Xu Gao, Md. Faris H. Ramli, Jennifer L. Young, Andrew W. Holle, FuKe Wang","doi":"10.1002/admt.202302230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202302230","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogel 3D printing holds immense potential in fields like personalized medicine, regenerative therapies, and organ creation, offering biocompatible structures similar to the extracellular matrix. Gelatin‐Methacryloyl (GelMA) emerges as a promising candidate, while its high viscosity poses a significant challenge, especially in vat photopolymerization‐based 3D printing. Here, a new approach is presented by using Hofmeister ionic effect to substantially reduce the viscosity of high‐content (up to 60%) Gelatin bioink at room temperature with enhanced mechanical performance of the printed structures. The thinning effect induced by chaotropic Hofmeister ions is investigated through complex viscosity analysis, optical rotation measurements, and sol–gel conversion studies. The thinning effect induced by chaotropic ions enables precise 3D printing of Gelatin hydrogel, achieving accuracy comparable to prints made with polymers. Furthermore, after polymerization, the cations of the chaotropic salt change their role to cross‐linkers, leading to stronger scaffolds that exhibit biocompatibility with robust cell attachment, proliferation, and suitability for cell growth. The combination facilitates the creation of customizable structures and high printing accuracy will promote the wide application of Gelatin in the development of patient‐specific implants, drug delivery systems, and tissue scaffolds, further improving medical treatment efficacy and personalized healthcare.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ziyue Xi, Hongyong Yu, Hengxu Du, Hengyi Yang, Yawei Wang, Mengyuan Guan, Zhaoyang Wang, Hao Wang, Taili Du, Minyi Xu
Wireless sensor networks play a significant role in various fields, and it is promising to construct a totally self‐powered wireless sensor network by harvesting unused mechanical vibration energy. Here, a magnetic mass‐enhanced triboelectric‐electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator (MM‐HNG) is proposed for harvesting mechanical vibration energy. The additional magnets generate magnetic fields for electromagnetic power generation. As an additional mass effectively increases the membrane's amplitude, thereby enhancing the output performance of the MM‐HNG. The peak power density of TENG in the MM‐HNG reaches 380.4 W m−3, while the peak power density of EMG achieves 736 W m−3, which can charge a 0.1 F capacitor rapidly. In addition, a totally self‐powered wireless sensing system is constructed, with the integrated microcontroller unit (MCU), which detects and processes various sensing parameters and controls wireless transmission. The system features rapid transmission speeds and an extensive transmission range (up to 1 km), and its effectiveness has been validated in a practical application aboard an actual ship. The results illustrate the MM‐HNG's broad applicability across various Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios, including smart machinery, smart transportation, and smart factories.
无线传感器网络在各个领域都发挥着重要作用，而通过收集未使用的机械振动能来构建完全自供电的无线传感器网络则大有可为。本文提出了一种磁性质量增强三电电磁混合纳米发电机（MM-HNG），用于采集机械振动能。附加磁体产生磁场，用于电磁发电。附加质量可有效增加膜的振幅，从而提高 MM-HNG 的输出性能。MM-HNG 中 TENG 的峰值功率密度达到 380.4 W m-3，而 EMG 的峰值功率密度达到 736 W m-3，可为 0.1 F 的电容器快速充电。此外，还构建了一个完全自供电的无线传感系统，其中集成了微控制器单元（MCU），用于检测和处理各种传感参数并控制无线传输。该系统具有传输速度快、传输距离远（达 1 公里）的特点，其有效性已在实际船舶上的实际应用中得到验证。结果表明，MM-HNG 可广泛应用于各种物联网（IoT）场景，包括智能机械、智能交通和智能工厂。
{"title":"High Performance Magnetic Mass‐Enhanced Triboelectric‐Electromagnetic Hybrid Vibration Energy Harvester Enabling Totally Self‐Powered Long‐Distance Wireless Sensing","authors":"Ziyue Xi, Hongyong Yu, Hengxu Du, Hengyi Yang, Yawei Wang, Mengyuan Guan, Zhaoyang Wang, Hao Wang, Taili Du, Minyi Xu","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400451","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor networks play a significant role in various fields, and it is promising to construct a totally self‐powered wireless sensor network by harvesting unused mechanical vibration energy. Here, a magnetic mass‐enhanced triboelectric‐electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator (MM‐HNG) is proposed for harvesting mechanical vibration energy. The additional magnets generate magnetic fields for electromagnetic power generation. As an additional mass effectively increases the membrane's amplitude, thereby enhancing the output performance of the MM‐HNG. The peak power density of TENG in the MM‐HNG reaches 380.4 W m<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup>, while the peak power density of EMG achieves 736 W m<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup>, which can charge a 0.1 F capacitor rapidly. In addition, a totally self‐powered wireless sensing system is constructed, with the integrated microcontroller unit (MCU), which detects and processes various sensing parameters and controls wireless transmission. The system features rapid transmission speeds and an extensive transmission range (up to 1 km), and its effectiveness has been validated in a practical application aboard an actual ship. The results illustrate the MM‐HNG's broad applicability across various Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios, including smart machinery, smart transportation, and smart factories.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141872933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bin‐Hai Yu, Bin Zhang, Jia‐sheng Li, Zhou Lu, Guan‐Wei Liang, Zong‐tao Li
Water‐soluble conductive polymer poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has a broad application prospect in the field of flexible wearable electronics, but the simple and efficient manufacture of patterned PEDOT:PSS flexible electrodes is still challenging. In this paper, a patterned PEDOT:PSS‐flexible electrode with a electrospinning nano‐fiber substrate is proposed. The electrode substrate is produced by electrospinning a hydrophobic polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) matrix material loaded with TiO2 UV‐induced hydrophilic‐hydrophobic conversion particles. The PEDOT:PSS flexible electrode is prepared using a simple UV‐induced selective wettability(UV‐SW) process and optimized vacuum filtration method. The method of manufacturing flexible electrodes based on patterned wetting film substrates is simple and feasible, while the electrode features high precision, good conductivity, and excellent deformation ability. The electrode has a line width error of less than 5%, an initial conductivity of 584.44 S m−1, and maintains stable conductivity under 0–180° bending and 0–30° torsion, with variation rates of only 4.9% and 2.3%, respectively. This paper presents a simple method to fabricate patterned PEDOT:PSS flexible electrode with high precision. This study provides an efficient method for the manufacturing of fibric‐based patterned flexible electrodes, this method is promising for fabric‐based wearable electronics.
{"title":"Patterned PEDOT:PSS‐Flexible Electrode Using Electrospinning Nano‐Fiber Substrate with UV‐Induced Selective Wettability","authors":"Bin‐Hai Yu, Bin Zhang, Jia‐sheng Li, Zhou Lu, Guan‐Wei Liang, Zong‐tao Li","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400315","url":null,"abstract":"Water‐soluble conductive polymer poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has a broad application prospect in the field of flexible wearable electronics, but the simple and efficient manufacture of patterned PEDOT:PSS flexible electrodes is still challenging. In this paper, a patterned PEDOT:PSS‐flexible electrode with a electrospinning nano‐fiber substrate is proposed. The electrode substrate is produced by electrospinning a hydrophobic polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) matrix material loaded with TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> UV‐induced hydrophilic‐hydrophobic conversion particles. The PEDOT:PSS flexible electrode is prepared using a simple UV‐induced selective wettability(UV‐SW) process and optimized vacuum filtration method. The method of manufacturing flexible electrodes based on patterned wetting film substrates is simple and feasible, while the electrode features high precision, good conductivity, and excellent deformation ability. The electrode has a line width error of less than 5%, an initial conductivity of 584.44 S m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, and maintains stable conductivity under 0–180° bending and 0–30° torsion, with variation rates of only 4.9% and 2.3%, respectively. This paper presents a simple method to fabricate patterned PEDOT:PSS flexible electrode with high precision. This study provides an efficient method for the manufacturing of fibric‐based patterned flexible electrodes, this method is promising for fabric‐based wearable electronics.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flexible dual-mode sensors play a pivotal role in information exchange between humans and the environment. However, achieving dual-mode sensing encompassing both flexibility and stretchability, while accurately quantifying stimulus signals such as temperature, remains a significant challenge. This paper presents a novel flexible dual-mode strain/temperature sensor (DMSTS) that utilizes graphite powder (GR)/polyaniline (PANI)/silicone rubber composites, inspired by the bionic microstructure of a centipede's foot. The DMSTS exhibits an exceptional strain detection range (≈177%), and a low limit of detection (0.5% strain). Regarding temperature sensing, the DMSTS demonstrates a positive temperature coefficient effect within the range of 25–90 °C, with an ultrahigh sensitivity of 10.3 within the 75–90 °C range. Leveraging the photothermal characteristics of GR and PANI, the DMSTS holds significant promise for applications in human motion detection, infrared imaging, and photothermal effects. When integrated into an intelligent sensing system, it enables dynamic noncontact temperature measurement, human micro-expression detection, and motion joint monitoring. Additionally, by incorporating a flexible thermochromic film with color-changing ink, the DMSTS transforms temperature detection into a visually intuitive operation. With its versatile dual-mode sensing capabilities, the DMSTS exhibits substantial potential in the fields of wearable electronics and healthcare.
柔性双模传感器在人类与环境的信息交流中发挥着举足轻重的作用。然而，要实现既具有柔韧性和伸展性，又能准确量化温度等刺激信号的双模传感，仍然是一项重大挑战。本文介绍了一种新型柔性双模应变/温度传感器（DMSTS），它采用了石墨粉（GR）/聚苯胺（PANI）/硅橡胶复合材料，灵感来自蜈蚣脚的仿生微结构。DMSTS 的应变检测范围极广（≈177%），检测限低（0.5% 应变）。在温度感应方面，DMSTS 在 25-90 °C 范围内具有正温度系数效应，在 75-90 °C 范围内具有 10.3 的超高灵敏度。利用 GR 和 PANI 的光热特性，DMSTS 在人体运动检测、红外成像和光热效应方面的应用前景十分广阔。当集成到智能传感系统中时，它可以实现动态非接触式温度测量、人体微表情检测和运动关节监测。此外，DMSTS 还采用了带有变色油墨的柔性热致变色薄膜，将温度检测转变为视觉直观操作。DMSTS 具有多功能双模传感功能，在可穿戴电子设备和医疗保健领域具有巨大潜力。
{"title":"Bionic Microstructure-Inspired Dual-Mode Flexible Sensor with Photothermal Effect for Ultrasensitive Temperature and Strain Monitoring","authors":"Xiaohui Guo, Yongzheng Niu, Zhihao Yin, Di Wang, Long Liu, Yongming Tang, Xianghui Li, Yifang Zhang, Yu Li, Tianxu Zhang, Xiaowen Zhu, Yiman Xu, Ziwen Zhang, Siwen Ding, Dandan Wang, Bing Yang, Zhihong Mai, Weiqiang Hong, Wenrui Xu, Qi Hong, Yunong Zhao, Feng Yan, Ming Wang, Guozhong Xing","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400701","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible dual-mode sensors play a pivotal role in information exchange between humans and the environment. However, achieving dual-mode sensing encompassing both flexibility and stretchability, while accurately quantifying stimulus signals such as temperature, remains a significant challenge. This paper presents a novel flexible dual-mode strain/temperature sensor (DMSTS) that utilizes graphite powder (GR)/polyaniline (PANI)/silicone rubber composites, inspired by the bionic microstructure of a centipede's foot. The DMSTS exhibits an exceptional strain detection range (≈177%), and a low limit of detection (0.5% strain). Regarding temperature sensing, the DMSTS demonstrates a positive temperature coefficient effect within the range of 25–90 °C, with an ultrahigh sensitivity of 10.3 within the 75–90 °C range. Leveraging the photothermal characteristics of GR and PANI, the DMSTS holds significant promise for applications in human motion detection, infrared imaging, and photothermal effects. When integrated into an intelligent sensing system, it enables dynamic noncontact temperature measurement, human micro-expression detection, and motion joint monitoring. Additionally, by incorporating a flexible thermochromic film with color-changing ink, the DMSTS transforms temperature detection into a visually intuitive operation. With its versatile dual-mode sensing capabilities, the DMSTS exhibits substantial potential in the fields of wearable electronics and healthcare.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paula Mouriño, Laura Mercadé, Miguel Sinusía Lozano, Raquel Resta, Amadeu Griol, Karim Ben Saddik, Enrique Barrigón, Sergio Fernández-Garrido, Basilio Javier García, Alejandro Martínez, Víctor J. Gómez
Gallium Phosphide (GaP) has recently received considerable attention as a suitable material for building photonic integrated circuits due to its remarkable optical and piezoelectric properties. Usually, GaP is grown epitaxially on III–V substrates to keep its crystallinity and later transferred to silicon wafers for further processing. Here, an alternative promising route for the fabrication of optomechanical (OM) cavities on GaP epitaxially grown on nominally (001)-oriented Si is introduced by using a two-step process consisting of a low-temperature etching of GaP followed by selective etching of the underneath silicon. The low-temperature (–30 °C) during the dry-etching of GaP hinders the lateral etching rate, preserving the pattern with a deviation between the design and the pattern in the GaP layer lower than 5%, avoiding the complex process of transferring and bonding a GaP wafer to a silicon-on-insulator wafer. To demonstrate the quality and feasibility of the proposed fabrication route, suspended OM cavities are fabricated and experimentally characterized. The cavities exhibit optical quality factors between 103 and 104 at telecom wavelengths, and localized mechanical resonances ≈3.1 GHz with quality factors ≈63 when measured at room temperature. These results suggest a simple and low-cost way to build GaP-based photonic devices directly integrated on industry-standard Si(001) photonic wafers.
磷化镓（GaP）因其卓越的光学和压电特性，最近作为一种适用于构建光子集成电路的材料受到了广泛关注。通常，GaP 是在 III-V 基底上外延生长以保持其结晶性，然后转移到硅晶片上进行进一步加工。本文介绍了在名义（001）取向硅上外延生长的 GaP 上制造光机械（OM）空腔的另一条可行路线，该路线采用两步工艺，包括低温蚀刻 GaP，然后选择性蚀刻下面的硅。GaP 干蚀刻过程中的低温（-30 °C）阻碍了横向蚀刻速度，从而保留了图案，使 GaP 层中设计与图案之间的偏差低于 5%，避免了将 GaP 硅片转移和粘接到硅绝缘体硅片的复杂过程。为了证明所建议的制造路线的质量和可行性，我们制造了悬浮 OM 型腔，并对其进行了实验表征。这些空腔在电信波长下的光学品质因数介于 103 和 104 之间，在室温下测量的局部机械共振频率≈3.1 GHz，品质因数≈63。这些结果表明，在工业标准硅（001）光子晶片上直接集成基于 GaP 的光子器件是一种简单而低成本的方法。
{"title":"Optomechanical Cavities Based on Epitaxial GaP on Nominally (001)-Oriented Si","authors":"Paula Mouriño, Laura Mercadé, Miguel Sinusía Lozano, Raquel Resta, Amadeu Griol, Karim Ben Saddik, Enrique Barrigón, Sergio Fernández-Garrido, Basilio Javier García, Alejandro Martínez, Víctor J. Gómez","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400525","url":null,"abstract":"Gallium Phosphide (GaP) has recently received considerable attention as a suitable material for building photonic integrated circuits due to its remarkable optical and piezoelectric properties. Usually, GaP is grown epitaxially on III–V substrates to keep its crystallinity and later transferred to silicon wafers for further processing. Here, an alternative promising route for the fabrication of optomechanical (OM) cavities on GaP epitaxially grown on nominally (001)-oriented Si is introduced by using a two-step process consisting of a low-temperature etching of GaP followed by selective etching of the underneath silicon. The low-temperature (–30 °C) during the dry-etching of GaP hinders the lateral etching rate, preserving the pattern with a deviation between the design and the pattern in the GaP layer lower than 5%, avoiding the complex process of transferring and bonding a GaP wafer to a silicon-on-insulator wafer. To demonstrate the quality and feasibility of the proposed fabrication route, suspended OM cavities are fabricated and experimentally characterized. The cavities exhibit optical quality factors between 10<sup>3</sup> and 10<sup>4</sup> at telecom wavelengths, and localized mechanical resonances ≈3.1 GHz with quality factors ≈63 when measured at room temperature. These results suggest a simple and low-cost way to build GaP-based photonic devices directly integrated on industry-standard Si(001) photonic wafers.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The emergence of cutting-edge cross-disciplines has motivated the rapid development of wearable technology and flexible electronics. The flexibility and tunable properties of organic materials enable organic flexible electronics to adapt to complex surface deformations and achieve sensitive detection of physiological signals. The cost-effectiveness of organic materials in mass production offers additional possibilities for the practical and commercialization of e-skin technology. However, how to ensure stability and long-term reliability while maintaining a highly sensitive, flexible, and stretchable is a challenge for e-skins. In this review, the research progress and development trend of e-skin is systematically summarized, especially the latest breakthroughs and innovations in the frontier of organic flexible electronics, and systematically review the applications of e-skin in sensors, physiological monitoring, and energy supply. In addition, the review further discusses the prospects and current challenges for the application of organic flexible electronics in e-skin, which provides a one-stop reference for the development of e-skin.
{"title":"Organic Flexible Electronics for Innovative Applications in Electronic Skin","authors":"Xukai Liu, Haojie Li, Minqin Tao, Yingying Yu, Zijia Zhu, Dongdong Wu, Xiaotian Hu, Yiwang Chen","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400661","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of cutting-edge cross-disciplines has motivated the rapid development of wearable technology and flexible electronics. The flexibility and tunable properties of organic materials enable organic flexible electronics to adapt to complex surface deformations and achieve sensitive detection of physiological signals. The cost-effectiveness of organic materials in mass production offers additional possibilities for the practical and commercialization of e-skin technology. However, how to ensure stability and long-term reliability while maintaining a highly sensitive, flexible, and stretchable is a challenge for e-skins. In this review, the research progress and development trend of e-skin is systematically summarized, especially the latest breakthroughs and innovations in the frontier of organic flexible electronics, and systematically review the applications of e-skin in sensors, physiological monitoring, and energy supply. In addition, the review further discusses the prospects and current challenges for the application of organic flexible electronics in e-skin, which provides a one-stop reference for the development of e-skin.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Satya K. Ammu, Xianfeng Chen, Derin Goulart Ulcay, Saurav Sharma, Farbod Alijani, Peter G. Steeneken, Pim Groen, Kunal Masania
Multi-material direct ink writing (DIW) of smart materials opens new possibilities for manufacturing complex-shaped structures with embedded sensing and actuation capabilities. In this study, DIW of UV-curable piezoelectric actuators is developed, which do not require high-temperature sintering, allowing direct integration with structural materials. Through particle size and ink rheology optimization, the highest d33*g33 piezoelectric constant compared to other DIW fabricated piezo composites is achieved, enabling tunable actuation performance. This is used to fabricate ultrasound transducers by printing piezoelectric vibrating membranes along with their support structures made from a structural ink. The impact of transducer design and scaling up transducer dimensions on the resonance behavior to design millimeter-scale ultrasound transducers with desired out-of-plane displacement is explored. A significant increase in output pressure with increasing membrane dimensions is observed. Finally, a practical application is demonstrated by using the printed transducer for accurate proximity sensing using time of flight measurements. The scalability and flexibility of the reported DIW of piezo composites can open up new advancements in biomedical, human-computer interaction, and aerospace fields.
{"title":"3D Printing of Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ultrasound Transducers","authors":"Satya K. Ammu, Xianfeng Chen, Derin Goulart Ulcay, Saurav Sharma, Farbod Alijani, Peter G. Steeneken, Pim Groen, Kunal Masania","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400858","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-material direct ink writing (DIW) of smart materials opens new possibilities for manufacturing complex-shaped structures with embedded sensing and actuation capabilities. In this study, DIW of UV-curable piezoelectric actuators is developed, which do not require high-temperature sintering, allowing direct integration with structural materials. Through particle size and ink rheology optimization, the highest d<sub>33</sub><sup>*</sup>g<sub>33</sub> piezoelectric constant compared to other DIW fabricated piezo composites is achieved, enabling tunable actuation performance. This is used to fabricate ultrasound transducers by printing piezoelectric vibrating membranes along with their support structures made from a structural ink. The impact of transducer design and scaling up transducer dimensions on the resonance behavior to design millimeter-scale ultrasound transducers with desired out-of-plane displacement is explored. A significant increase in output pressure with increasing membrane dimensions is observed. Finally, a practical application is demonstrated by using the printed transducer for accurate proximity sensing using time of flight measurements. The scalability and flexibility of the reported DIW of piezo composites can open up new advancements in biomedical, human-computer interaction, and aerospace fields.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyungyong Kim, Jisoo Nam, Yong‐Il Kim, Hyun‐Cheol Song, Jungho Ryu, Miso Kim
Photopolymerization‐based ceramic 3D printing, known as digital light processing (DLP), offers a valuable platform for rapidly prototyping previously unattainable intricate architectures without the need for additional molds. However, the presence of ceramic particles in photocurable suspensions introduces challenges, including elevated viscosity and diminished curing depth due to light‐ceramic particle interactions. This ultimately compromises the efficacy of the photocuring process, resulting in undesirable geometric inaccuracies. In this study, meticulously engineered lead‐free ferroelectric barium titanate (BaTiO3, BTO) ceramic granules, produced through a spray‐drying process, optimize ceramic suspension formulation. This approach enhances ceramic flowability and involves the judicious addition of a binder, yielding a uniform redispersion of ceramic particles within the matrix, while maintaining a bimodal particle size distribution with reduced diameters. Supported by both experimental and numerical simulations, this improves the rheological and curing properties, enabling the successful fabrication of highly dense, complex 3D‐printed BTO structures with excellent shape fidelity. Moreover, by carefully designing the thermal profiles, DLP 3D‐printed BTO ceramics exhibit impressive shape retention after debinding and sintering while demonstrating ferroelectric and dielectric performances comparable to their non‐3D‐printed counterparts. This study presents a transformative approach that unlocks the full potential of ceramic 3D DLP printing.
{"title":"Spray‐Drying‐Assisted Digital Light Processing for Highly Dense and Precise Three‐dimensional Printed Barium Titanate Ceramic Structures","authors":"Hyungyong Kim, Jisoo Nam, Yong‐Il Kim, Hyun‐Cheol Song, Jungho Ryu, Miso Kim","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400382","url":null,"abstract":"Photopolymerization‐based ceramic 3D printing, known as digital light processing (DLP), offers a valuable platform for rapidly prototyping previously unattainable intricate architectures without the need for additional molds. However, the presence of ceramic particles in photocurable suspensions introduces challenges, including elevated viscosity and diminished curing depth due to light‐ceramic particle interactions. This ultimately compromises the efficacy of the photocuring process, resulting in undesirable geometric inaccuracies. In this study, meticulously engineered lead‐free ferroelectric barium titanate (BaTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, BTO) ceramic granules, produced through a spray‐drying process, optimize ceramic suspension formulation. This approach enhances ceramic flowability and involves the judicious addition of a binder, yielding a uniform redispersion of ceramic particles within the matrix, while maintaining a bimodal particle size distribution with reduced diameters. Supported by both experimental and numerical simulations, this improves the rheological and curing properties, enabling the successful fabrication of highly dense, complex 3D‐printed BTO structures with excellent shape fidelity. Moreover, by carefully designing the thermal profiles, DLP 3D‐printed BTO ceramics exhibit impressive shape retention after debinding and sintering while demonstrating ferroelectric and dielectric performances comparable to their non‐3D‐printed counterparts. This study presents a transformative approach that unlocks the full potential of ceramic 3D DLP printing.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weiyu Yan, Yixiong Feng, Junjie Song, Zhaoxi Hong, Kaiyue Cui, Alexander C. Brannan, Jianrong Tan, Xiuju Song
Controlled dispersal of microfliers over large‐scale areas is crucial for both civil and agricultural applications. Until now, the study of flying soft actuators is limited by the complexity of the motion involved and with control when miniaturized to a micro‐scale. Drawing inspiration from the dynamics of dandelion seed spread, the study proposes a novel design for a flying soft actuator comprising Ti3C2Tx MXene and polyethylene (PE), which exhibits sensitive responses to various stimuli, including humidity, temperature, applied voltage, infrared light, and selective volatile organic compounds, leading to significant deformation at a rapid rate (up to 81.82°/s). An artificial seed capable of wind‐assisted flight is further fabricated by integrating a MXene/PE actuator with fiberglass. When exposed to light, the artificial seed opens its fiberglass pappus during descent, increasing resistance and thereby prolonging falling time by an impressive 83%. Moreover, the artificial seed demonstrates self‐sensing, i.e., changes in resistance caused by humidity and infrared light, which can be attributed to the absorption and desorption of water molecules within MXene layers. This enhanced falling time enables a wider dispersal range and precise control, making it highly promising for environmental monitoring, automated large‐scale sensor deployments, and large‐scale seed sowing for endangered plants species protection.
{"title":"Self‐Sensing Dandelion‐Inspired Flying Soft Actuator with Multi‐Stimuli Response","authors":"Weiyu Yan, Yixiong Feng, Junjie Song, Zhaoxi Hong, Kaiyue Cui, Alexander C. Brannan, Jianrong Tan, Xiuju Song","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400952","url":null,"abstract":"Controlled dispersal of microfliers over large‐scale areas is crucial for both civil and agricultural applications. Until now, the study of flying soft actuators is limited by the complexity of the motion involved and with control when miniaturized to a micro‐scale. Drawing inspiration from the dynamics of dandelion seed spread, the study proposes a novel design for a flying soft actuator comprising Ti<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>C<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>T<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> MXene and polyethylene (PE), which exhibits sensitive responses to various stimuli, including humidity, temperature, applied voltage, infrared light, and selective volatile organic compounds, leading to significant deformation at a rapid rate (up to 81.82°/s). An artificial seed capable of wind‐assisted flight is further fabricated by integrating a MXene/PE actuator with fiberglass. When exposed to light, the artificial seed opens its fiberglass pappus during descent, increasing resistance and thereby prolonging falling time by an impressive 83%. Moreover, the artificial seed demonstrates self‐sensing, i.e., changes in resistance caused by humidity and infrared light, which can be attributed to the absorption and desorption of water molecules within MXene layers. This enhanced falling time enables a wider dispersal range and precise control, making it highly promising for environmental monitoring, automated large‐scale sensor deployments, and large‐scale seed sowing for endangered plants species protection.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiali Li, Luyu Bo, Teng Li, Penghui Zhao, Yingshan Du, Bowen Cai, Liang Shen, Wujin Sun, Wei Zhou, Zhenhua Tian
Acoustofluidics has shown great potential in enabling on‐chip technologies for driving liquid flows and manipulating particles and cells for engineering, chemical, and biomedical applications. To introduce on‐demand liquid sample processing and micro/nano‐object manipulation functions to wearable and embeddable electronics, wireless acoustofluidic chips are highly desired. This paper presents wireless acoustofluidic chips to generate acoustic waves carrying sufficient energy and achieve key acoustofluidic functions, including arranging particles and cells, generating fluid streaming, and enriching in‐droplet particles. To enable these functions, the wireless acoustofluidic chips leverage mechanisms, including inductive coupling‐based wireless power transfer (WPT), frequency multiplexing‐based control of multiple acoustic waves, and the resultant acoustic radiation and drag forces. For validation, the wirelessly generated acoustic waves are measured using laser vibrometry when different materials (e.g., bone, tissue, and hand) are inserted between the WPT transmitter and receiver. Moreover, the wireless acoustofluidic chips successfully arrange nanoparticles into different patterns, align cells into parallel pearl chains, generate streaming, and enrich in‐droplet microparticles. This research is anticipated to facilitate the development of embeddable wireless on‐chip flow generators, wearable sensors with liquid sample processing functions, and implantable devices with flow generation and acoustic stimulation abilities for engineering, veterinary, and biomedical applications.
{"title":"Wireless Frequency‐Multiplexed Acoustic Array‐Based Acoustofluidics","authors":"Jiali Li, Luyu Bo, Teng Li, Penghui Zhao, Yingshan Du, Bowen Cai, Liang Shen, Wujin Sun, Wei Zhou, Zhenhua Tian","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400572","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustofluidics has shown great potential in enabling on‐chip technologies for driving liquid flows and manipulating particles and cells for engineering, chemical, and biomedical applications. To introduce on‐demand liquid sample processing and micro/nano‐object manipulation functions to wearable and embeddable electronics, wireless acoustofluidic chips are highly desired. This paper presents wireless acoustofluidic chips to generate acoustic waves carrying sufficient energy and achieve key acoustofluidic functions, including arranging particles and cells, generating fluid streaming, and enriching in‐droplet particles. To enable these functions, the wireless acoustofluidic chips leverage mechanisms, including inductive coupling‐based wireless power transfer (WPT), frequency multiplexing‐based control of multiple acoustic waves, and the resultant acoustic radiation and drag forces. For validation, the wirelessly generated acoustic waves are measured using laser vibrometry when different materials (e.g., bone, tissue, and hand) are inserted between the WPT transmitter and receiver. Moreover, the wireless acoustofluidic chips successfully arrange nanoparticles into different patterns, align cells into parallel pearl chains, generate streaming, and enrich in‐droplet microparticles. This research is anticipated to facilitate the development of embeddable wireless on‐chip flow generators, wearable sensors with liquid sample processing functions, and implantable devices with flow generation and acoustic stimulation abilities for engineering, veterinary, and biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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