Applications in engineering science最新文献_第3页

Structural analysis of a very low-head axial hydro turbine 甚低水头轴流式水轮机结构分析

IF 2.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applications in engineering science

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100278

Desta Lemma Gebrewold , Stefan Riedelbauch , Edessa Dribssa

This article presents the structural analysis of a newly designed very low-head hydraulic turbine with a tip diameter of 4.5 m. It can accommodate large discharges up to 22.87 m³/s to generate electricity from an irrigation canal near a rural community in Ethiopia. For the first time, the structural integrity of a very low-head turbine is investigated by employing well established methods from fluid dynamics and structural dynamics. Methodologically, static structural and vibroacoustic analyses were performed in vacuum and water to identify the respective mode shapes and eigenfrequencies. The static pressure from prior computational fluid dynamics simulations was mapped onto the runner structure to examine the static stress distribution through finite element analysis. The unsteady pressure field was also assessed to estimate the dynamic stress level and the risk of resonance in the turbine runner under the expected loading conditions. The findings reveal that there are no significant failure risks associated with static stresses or fatigue induced by dynamic stresses. Safety factors of 13.3 and 88 were obtained for static and dynamic stress, respectively, using structural steel as the runner material. Moreover, understanding the structural behavior of very low-head turbines is enhanced by identifying the various vibration mode shapes and eigenfrequencies. The eigenfrequencies reduction ratio in water relative to vacuum was found to be between 37.43 % and 31.82 % for the first ten modes, which aligns well with results from conventional hydraulic turbines. Overall, the results pave the way for the safe deployment of this turbine at a pilot site, providing electricity and marking a significant milestone towards the widespread adoption of this technology. This way, the nation's abundant hydropower resources in existing hydraulic structures and rivers can be harnessed.

本文介绍了新设计的极低水头直径4.5 m水轮机的结构分析。它可以容纳22.87立方米/秒的大排量，用于从埃塞俄比亚农村社区附近的灌溉渠发电。本文首次采用流体力学和结构动力学的方法研究了极低水头涡轮的结构完整性。方法上，在真空和水中进行静态结构和振动声学分析，以确定各自的模态振型和特征频率。将先前计算流体动力学模拟的静压映射到流道结构上，通过有限元分析来研究静应力分布。评估了非定常压力场，估算了在预期载荷条件下水轮机转轮的动应力水平和共振风险。研究结果表明，静态应力或动应力引起的疲劳没有明显的失效风险。以结构钢为流道材料时，静应力和动应力安全系数分别为13.3和88。此外，通过识别各种振动模态形状和特征频率，可以增强对超低水头涡轮机结构行为的理解。前10种水轮机在水中相对于真空的特征频率降低比在37.43% ~ 31.82%之间，这与传统水轮机的结果吻合得很好。总的来说，研究结果为该涡轮机在试验点的安全部署铺平了道路，提供了电力，标志着该技术广泛采用的一个重要里程碑。这样，就可以利用全国现有水工设施和河流中丰富的水电资源。

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引用次数: 0

Topology optimization of cantilever beams with non-cellular, cellular, and hybrid structures for enhanced mechanical performance 悬臂梁的拓扑优化与非细胞，细胞和混合结构，以提高机械性能

IF 2.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applications in engineering science

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100279

G. Nikaein, M. Haji Mohammadvali, M.H. Sadeghi

Lattice structures are widely utilized in engineering applications due to their numerous advantages, particularly their exceptional design flexibility. Topology optimization serves as a powerful tool to exploit this flexibility by enabling the design of structures optimized for efficient performance and reduced weight. In this study, topology optimization is employed to optimize the geometry of a cantilever beam in non-cellular, cellular, and a novel hybrid configuration, aiming to minimize compliance while satisfying a material volume fraction constraint. An algorithm based on the SIMP method and the optimality criterion approach was employed to optimize cantilever beams with a prescribed volume fraction of 40%. A uniform lattice beam was included in the study to provide a baseline for assessing the effectiveness of the optimized designs. To evaluate the performance of the topology-optimized beams, bending simulations were conducted using Abaqus software. The results showed that, compared to the uniform lattice beam, the application of topology optimization led to stress reductions of 83.33%, 60.63%, and 84.03% in the non-cellular, cellular, and hybrid beams, respectively. Deflection was similarly reduced by 86.83%, 65.57%, and 83.53% across these beams. The findings of the study underscore the significant potential of the optimization method to improve the mechanical performance of lattice structures.

点阵结构以其独特的设计灵活性，在工程应用中得到了广泛的应用。拓扑优化作为一种强大的工具，可以通过优化结构设计来实现这种灵活性，从而实现高效性能和减轻重量。在本研究中，采用拓扑优化来优化非单元、单元和新型混合结构的悬臂梁的几何形状，旨在最小化顺应性，同时满足材料体积分数的约束。采用基于SIMP法和最优准则法的优化算法，对体积分数为40%的悬臂梁进行了优化。研究中包括一个均匀的晶格梁，为评估优化设计的有效性提供基线。为了评估拓扑优化梁的性能，利用Abaqus软件进行了弯曲仿真。结果表明，与均匀点阵梁相比，采用拓扑优化的非元胞、元胞和混合梁的应力分别降低了83.33%、60.63%和84.03%。这些梁的挠度同样减少了86.83%，65.57%和83.53%。研究结果强调了优化方法在改善晶格结构力学性能方面的巨大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Endovascular repair of aortic dissection with a bioresorbable patch: Computational and experimental study 生物可吸收贴片血管内修复主动脉夹层：计算与实验研究

IF 2.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applications in engineering science

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100277

Marta I. Bracco , Francesc Canalejo-Codina , Agustina Giuliodori , Andrea Montanino , Alejandro Aranda , Jordi Martorell , Eduardo Soudah

This study introduces an experimentally-calibrated finite-element framework to predict the endovascular sealing performance of a bioresorbable patch for aortic dissection repair. The patch–aortic wall interaction was modeled using an adhesion-enabled contact formulation, with parameters derived from a custom dye-penetration test to replicate in-vivo tissue adhesion. A parametric analysis assessed the impact of tear size (10–20 mm), tear morphology (round vs. circumferential ellipse), and deployment angle (5

°

–20

°

) on patch sealing efficiency, wall compliance, and local stress distribution under physiological loading. Tear geometry was identified as the dominant determinant of sealing: large round tears reduced effective apposition, while circumferential elliptical tears promoted full wall coupling at lower deployment forces. Increasing deployment angle raised insertion forces and impaired circumferential contact. Importantly, pulsatile hemodynamic loading demonstrated that the patch preserved native wall compliance without inducing adverse stress concentrations. By integrating experimental calibration with computational modeling, this framework offers a quantitative tool to evaluate anatomical and procedural factors influencing endovascular sealing. These insights may support the design optimization and clinical translation of resorbable patch-based strategies for aortic dissection repair.

本研究引入了一个实验校准的有限元框架来预测用于主动脉夹层修复的生物可吸收贴片的血管内密封性能。膜片-主动脉壁相互作用的模型采用了一种能够粘附的接触配方，其参数来源于一种定制的染料渗透测试，以复制体内组织粘附。参数分析评估了撕裂尺寸（10-20 mm）、撕裂形态（圆形或圆周椭圆形）和展开角度（5°-20°）对补片密封效率、壁面柔顺性和生理载荷下局部应力分布的影响。撕裂几何形状被认为是密封的主要决定因素：大的圆形撕裂降低了有效的对抗，而圆周椭圆形撕裂在较低的展开力下促进了全壁耦合。增大展开角会增加插入力，破坏周向接触。重要的是，脉动血流动力学加载表明，贴片保留了原生壁面的顺应性，而不会引起不利的应力集中。通过将实验校准与计算建模相结合，该框架为评估影响血管内密封的解剖学和程序性因素提供了定量工具。这些见解可能支持基于可吸收贴片的主动脉夹层修复策略的设计优化和临床转化。

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引用次数: 0

A note on the inhomogeneous shear for a class of visco-electro-elastic slab. A parametric study 一类粘-电弹性板的不均匀剪切问题。参数化研究

IF 2.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applications in engineering science

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100276

R. Bustamante , O. Orellana

A boundary value problem is studied for a class of electro-visco-elastic semi-infinite slab, considering constitutive equations, wherein the deviatoric part of the symmetric stress tensor, and the electric displacement, are assumed to be functions of the left Cauchy–Green tensor, the symmetric part of the velocity gradient, and the electric field. The boundary value problem being studied corresponds to a class of inhomogeneous shear for a slab, under the influence of an electric field acting transversely to that body. Two (in general nonlinear) equations are obtained, which can be used to determine the shear deformation and the electric field inside the slab. Considering some further simplifications such equations are reduced to one linear partial differential equation for the shear deformation. The main equation and the different variables are put into dimensionless forms, and the dimensionless equivalent partial differential equation is solved exactly for some particular boundary and initial conditions. Such solutions are still valid for the case of large deformations. Some numerical results are presented, evaluating the exact solution for different values for some of the material parameters of the problem (in dimensionless forms). The main idea is to study the effect of electric fields in the behaviour of the slab.

考虑本构方程，研究了一类电粘弹性半无限大板的边值问题，其中对称应力张量的偏量部分和电位移假定为左柯西-格林张量、速度梯度的对称部分和电场的函数。所研究的边值问题对应于平板在横向电场作用下的一类非均匀剪切。得到了两个（一般的）非线性方程，可用于确定板内的剪切变形和电场。考虑到进一步的简化，这些方程被简化为一个线性偏微分方程。将主方程和各变量化为无因次形式，在特定的边界和初始条件下精确求解了无因次等价偏微分方程。这种解对于大变形的情况仍然有效。给出了一些数值结果，评估了问题的一些材料参数在不同值下的精确解（以无量纲形式）。主要目的是研究电场对板坯性能的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical analysis of solar flat plate collector with cooling chamber partially filled with highly porous metal foams 高多孔金属泡沫部分填充冷却室太阳能平板集热器的数值分析

IF 2.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applications in engineering science

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100275

Syed Mustafkhadri , Banjara Kotresha , Kishan Naik , Shashikumar C M

A 3D numerical experimentation is performed to explore the convection parameters of water flowing via eco-friendly novel cooling channel partially packed with metal foams (MF) using ANSYS Workbench 2022 R2. The foremost goal of the current study is to advance the thermal performance of SFPC (solar flat plate collector) and also its electrical efficiency. For this determination, four different filling rates (H_f = 0.25H, 0.5H, 0.75H and H respectively) and MF of four distinct pores per inch (10, 20, 30 and 45) are considered. The MF is located next to the internal surface of the solar module to augment the heat transfer. In this numerical computation, solar radiation heat flux is kept constant and solar plate is positioned at an inclination equal to latitude of the site. The combined Darcy Extended Forchheimer (DEF) and Local Thermal Equilibrium (LTE) model is employed to envisage the convective heat flow through MF filled solar collector. Initially, the numerical computations are confirmed with the help of literature data and achieved a fairly good agreement. The outcomes show that the peak temperature of SFPC surface is dropped by 24 – 27 °C and also its electrical efficiency is amplified up to 13 - 14 % from 8 – 9 % with the use of MFs. The fall of peak temperature around 25 to 30 °C with 19.50 %, 18.50 %, 17.64 % and 19.74 % in temperature drop is observed for 10, 20, 30 and 45 PPI MFs respectively with regard to non-porous case SFPC. The highest thermal performance was achieved for 45PPI with H_f =0.75H and lowest performance is obtained for 30PPI at H_f =0.25H The enhancement ratio (Er) is much higher for 7 l/min mass flow rate than those for 1, 3 and 5 l/min. Outcomes also exhibit that the 10 and 45 PPI MF stretches 2.72 and 2.68 more heat than non-porous chamber respectively. The 45 PPI MF achieves higher enhancement ratio with respect to all other PPI MF’s and also in all configurations studied.

利用ANSYS Workbench 2022 R2平台，对新型环保型部分填充金属泡沫冷却通道中水流的对流参数进行了三维数值实验研究。当前研究的首要目标是提高SFPC（太阳能平板集热器）的热性能和电效率。为了确定这一点，考虑了四种不同的填充率（Hf分别= 0.25H, 0.5H， 0.75H和H）和每英寸四个不同孔隙（10,20,30和45）的MF。MF位于太阳能组件的内表面附近，以增加热量传递。在此数值计算中，太阳辐射热流保持恒定，太阳板的倾角与站点的纬度相等。结合Darcy Extended Forchheimer （DEF）和局地热平衡（LTE）模型，对MF填充太阳能集热器的对流热流进行了模拟。初步利用文献资料对数值计算结果进行了验证，得到了较好的一致性。结果表明，使用MFs后，SFPC表面的峰值温度降低了24 ~ 27℃，电效率从8 ~ 9%提高到13 ~ 14%。对于无孔SFPC，在10、20、30和45 PPI MFs时，峰值温度在25 ~ 30℃附近分别下降19.50%、18.50%、17.64%和19.74%。当Hf =0.75H时，45PPI的热工性能最高；当Hf =0.25H时，30PPI的热工性能最低。当质量流量为7 l/min时，增强比（Er）显著高于质量流量为1、3和5 l/min时。结果还表明，10和45 PPI MF比无孔腔分别多拉伸2.72和2.68的热量。相对于所有其他PPI MF和所有被研究的配置，45 PPI MF具有更高的增强比。

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引用次数: 0

EAPEM: An edge-aware-prototype-based efficient MaskFormer for identifying rock mass structure of cantilever roadheader tunnel face EAPEM：一种基于边缘感知原型的悬臂掘进机掘进工作面岩体结构识别方法

IF 2.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applications in engineering science

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100274

Yongfa Guo , Wei Luo , Wenyun Ding , Yi He , Jinjing Yang , Yadong Xue

The rapid and accurate identification of rock mass structures in tunnel face is a fundamental prerequisite for optimizing dynamic excavation strategies and ensuring safety decision-making in cantilever roadheader construction. To address the poor performance of existing image segmentation methods in handling fuzzy boundaries, texture interference, and data scarcity, this study proposes a novel semantic segmentation framework named edge-aware-prototype-based efficient MaskFormer (EAPEM). Built upon the MaskFormer architecture, EAPEM integrates an efficient multi-scale pixel decoder, a prototype-based masked cross-attention, and an edge-aware module to achieve collaborative optimization from global semantic parsing to local boundary refinement of tunnel face structures. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves a mean pixel accuracy of 84.56 % and a mean intersection over union (mIoU) of 75.58 % with only a small number of high-quality training images, significantly outperforming existing segmentation networks. Specifically, the model achieves 93.54 % accuracy and over 85 % boundary IoU in karst cave recognition tasks, showing its significant advantage in handling complex boundary structures. The proposed EAPEM framework offers a lightweight, efficient, and edge-aware segmentation solution for rock structure identification under complex construction scenarios.

快速准确地识别巷道围岩结构是悬臂掘进机动态开挖策略优化和安全决策保障的基本前提。针对现有图像分割方法在处理模糊边界、纹理干扰和数据稀缺性方面表现不佳的问题，本研究提出了一种新的基于边缘感知原型的高效MaskFormer （EAPEM）语义分割框架。EAPEM以MaskFormer架构为基础，集成了高效的多尺度像素解码器、基于原型的掩码交叉关注和边缘感知模块，实现了从全局语义解析到局部边界细化的隧道表面结构协同优化。实验结果表明，该模型在使用少量高质量训练图像的情况下，平均像素精度达到84.56%，平均mIoU （intersection over union）达到75.58%，显著优于现有分割网络。具体而言，该模型在溶洞识别任务中准确率达到93.54%，边界IoU超过85%，在处理复杂边界结构方面具有明显优势。提出的EAPEM框架为复杂施工场景下的岩石结构识别提供了一种轻量级、高效、边缘感知的分割解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Studying the effect of hydrodynamic parameters on characteristics of the gas bubbles in tapered fluidized beds 研究了流体动力参数对锥形流化床内气泡特性的影响

IF 2.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applications in engineering science

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100273

Hossein Askaripour , Ramin Khodabandehlou , Asghar Molaei Dehkordi

The two-fluid model is applied to explore the effects of various parameters including initial static bed height, superficial gas velocity, and a mixture of particles of different sizes and densities on the size distribution and rise velocity of gas bubbles in tapered fluidized beds. Comparison of simulation outcomes with experimental data about the fraction and rise velocity of bubbles is carried out and relatively good agreement is observed. Results indicate that increasing static height of the solid leads to increased bubble fraction and rise velocity. The fraction of medium and large bubbles has direct relationship with the superficial gas velocity but that is reverse for the bubbles with small diameters. For a solid mixture with different sizes or densities, the bubble fraction goes up with an increase in the percentage of lighter solid from 25 to 50 %, but it drops as the percentage increases from 50 to 75 %. At lower bed heights, bubble rising velocity decreases with an increase of the portion of smaller particles in a solid mixture. The rise velocity of bubbles is ascending with inlet velocity of the gas phase.

采用双流体模型探讨了初始静态床层高度、表面气速以及不同粒径和密度的颗粒混合物等参数对锥形流化床内气泡尺寸分布和上升速度的影响。模拟结果与实验数据进行了气泡分数和上升速度的比较，结果吻合较好。结果表明，随着固体静高度的增加，气泡分数和上升速度增加。中、大气泡的比例与表面气速有直接关系，而小直径气泡的比例与表面气速相反。对于不同尺寸或密度的固体混合物，气泡分数随轻质固体百分比从25%增加到50%而增加，但随轻质固体百分比从50%增加到75%而下降。在较低的床层高度下，气泡上升速度随着固体混合物中较小颗粒比例的增加而减小。气泡的上升速度随气相入口速度的增大而增大。

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引用次数: 0

Data-driven natural frequency tuning in cantilever structures through strategic perforation patterns 数据驱动的自然频率调谐悬臂结构通过战略穿孔模式

IF 2.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applications in engineering science

Pub Date : 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100272

Amir Hossein Rabiee, Parsa Shafiei, Alireza Farhadi

The objective of this study is to investigate the dynamic behavior of a cantilever rectangular beam by tuning its natural frequency through a novel perforation technique. The research aims to optimize the number and position of holes in the beam by integrating machine learning models with an optimization algorithm. Three distinct datasets were created to capture both geometric and statistical characteristics of the perforation pattern. Four predictive models were evaluated including linear regression, decision tree, support vector regression, and gradient boosting. The vulture optimization algorithm was then employed to determine the optimal configuration that achieves a target natural frequency. Results show that while models based on the binary and ten-feature datasets performed well on the training data, they encountered significant overfitting and reduced accuracy on unseen data. The derived dataset combined with the gradient boosting model achieved the best performance, with an R² of 0.99 in the training phase and 0.97 in the test phase. This high accuracy is due to the effective extraction of meaningful features that enhance pattern recognition. Example target normalized frequencies of 0.2, 0.6, and 0.9 were used to demonstrate the success of the proposed approach in fine-tuning the perforation configuration to achieve the desired natural frequency.

本研究的目的是通过一种新颖的穿孔技术，通过调整其固有频率来研究悬臂矩形梁的动力行为。该研究旨在通过将机器学习模型与优化算法相结合来优化梁中孔的数量和位置。创建了三个不同的数据集，以捕获射孔模式的几何和统计特征。评估了四种预测模型，包括线性回归、决策树、支持向量回归和梯度增强。然后采用秃鹫优化算法确定达到目标固有频率的最优配置。结果表明，虽然基于二值和十特征数据集的模型在训练数据上表现良好，但它们在未见数据上遇到严重的过拟合和准确性降低。结合梯度提升模型的衍生数据集取得了最好的性能，训练阶段的R²为0.99，测试阶段的R²为0.97。这种高准确性是由于有效地提取了有意义的特征，增强了模式识别。示例目标归一化频率为0.2、0.6和0.9，用于演示该方法在微调射孔配置以获得所需固有频率方面的成功。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a 3D-printed shell lattice midsole for diabetic foot shoe 糖尿病足鞋用3d打印壳格中底的研制

IF 2.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applications in engineering science

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100271

Mireia Puig-Poch , Anna Hössinger-Kalteis , Michael Lackner , Zoltan Major , Sara Ruiz-Martorell

This study aims to support diabetic foot treatment by introducing a customized offloading midsole specifically designed for neuropathic ulcers, one of the most common complications of diabetes. The goal is to explore a personalized, mechanically efficient, and low-cost solution that ensures optimal redistribution of plantar pressure.

A parametric design methodology based on sinusoidal shell lattice structures is developed. These geometries allow for structural adaptation by adjusting key design variables such as amplitude, cut out radius, and shell thickness. Finite element simulations are used to assess the mechanical behaviour of multiple cell configurations, followed by experimental validation using FDM 3D-printed samples. A prototype midsole is produced by mapping a distribution of variable-thickness cells onto an idealized plantar pressure pattern. Its mechanical performance is evaluated through compression testing using a foot-shaped stamp.

Results confirm the feasibility of achieving zoned stiffness distribution through additive manufacturing. The selected final configuration strikes a balance between structural integrity and deformability. Simulated results closely match experimental data, supporting the viability of the method for developing offload-sensitive midsoles. Unlike traditional foam-based designs, this approach enables a more continuous and precise modulation of mechanical response across the plantar surface.

本研究旨在通过引入一种专门为神经性溃疡（糖尿病最常见的并发症之一）设计的定制卸载中底来支持糖尿病足的治疗。目标是探索一种个性化的、机械高效的、低成本的解决方案，以确保足底压力的最佳再分配。提出了一种基于正弦壳点阵结构的参数化设计方法。这些几何形状允许通过调整关键设计变量（如振幅、切割半径和外壳厚度）来进行结构调整。有限元模拟用于评估多个单元配置的机械行为，然后使用FDM 3d打印样品进行实验验证。通过将变厚度细胞的分布映射到理想的足底压力模式上，产生了一个原型中底。通过脚形冲压件的压缩试验来评价其力学性能。结果证实了通过增材制造实现分区刚度分布的可行性。选择的最终配置在结构完整性和可变形性之间取得平衡。模拟结果与实验数据非常吻合，支持了该方法开发卸载敏感中底的可行性。与传统的基于泡沫的设计不同，这种方法可以更连续、更精确地调节足底表面的机械响应。

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引用次数: 0

Optimising haemodynamic performance: Investigating the impact of varying anastomosis angles on blood flow in brachiocephalic fistula 优化血流动力学性能：探讨不同吻合角度对头臂瘘血流的影响

IF 2.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applications in engineering science

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100270

Nima Rahmati, Arshia Eskandari, Kian Javari, Alireza Jabbari, Mona Alimohammadi

This study investigates the effect of anastomosis angle on haemodynamic performance in Brachiocephalic fistulas, using computational fluid dynamics to inform optimal surgical configurations for hemodialysis access. Nine idealized brachiocephalic fistula geometries with anastomosis angles ranging from 15° to 135°, in 15° increments, were simulated under pulsatile flow conditions. Key haemodynamic parameters, including pressure, velocity, time-averaged wall shear stress, oscillatory shear index, high oscillatory low magnitude shear, and relative residence time, were assessed to evaluate flow stability and clinical implications. Results indicate that lower anastomosis angles (15°, 30°) exhibit higher TAWSS values, peaking at 3.8 Pa in the anastomosis zone, and demonstrate concentrated HOLMES and OSI regions, indicating elevated flow disturbance and vascular stress. In contrast, wider angles (120°, 135°) promote smoother, more laminar flow, with up to a 60 % reduction in adverse WSS-derived parameters, particularly HOLMES and RRT, when compared to sharper angles. These improvements are especially notable in the venous segment, where lower flow stagnation reduces the risk of thrombus formation. Among all configurations, the 135° angle emerged as the most favourable, balancing shear forces and reducing disturbed flow zones, thereby enhancing long-term AVF patency and function. Clinically, sharper angles may benefit patients with thrombosis risk due to increased shear clearing, while wider angles are better suited for minimising endothelial damage and improving durability. These findings support the need for personalised surgical planning, with anastomosis angle tailored to patient-specific vascular health and clinical priorities.

本研究探讨了吻合角度对头臂瘘管血流动力学性能的影响，利用计算流体动力学为血液透析通路的最佳手术配置提供信息。在脉动流条件下，模拟了吻合角为15°~ 135°、增量为15°的9个理想头臂瘘几何形状。评估关键血流动力学参数，包括压力、速度、时间平均壁剪切应力、振荡剪切指数、高振荡低强度剪切和相对停留时间，以评估血流稳定性和临床意义。结果表明，吻合角越小（15°、30°）TAWSS值越高，吻合区TAWSS值在3.8 Pa处达到峰值，且HOLMES和OSI区域较为集中，表明血流扰动和血管应力升高。相比之下，更大的角度（120°、135°）可以促进更平稳、更层流的流动，与更大的角度相比，可将不利的wss参数（尤其是HOLMES和RRT）降低60%。这些改善在静脉段尤其显著，在那里较低的血流停滞降低了血栓形成的风险。在所有配置中，135°角是最有利的，可以平衡剪切力并减少干扰流区，从而增强AVF的长期通畅和功能。临床上，由于剪切清除的增加，更尖锐的角度可能有利于降低血栓风险的患者，而更宽的角度更适合最小化内皮损伤和提高耐久性。这些发现支持个性化手术计划的必要性，吻合角度根据患者的血管健康和临床优先事项量身定制。

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引用次数: 0