Pub Date : 2025-06-19DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100237
Dimitri Vesvard , Philippe Karamian-Surville , Nizar Abcha
The mechanics of fluid–structure interactions (FSI) originated from the necessity to understand complex phenomena involving multiple scientific disciplines. In solid mechanics, fluids are often considered to have a negligible influence or are modeled in a simplified manner, while in fluid mechanics, solids are typically treated as boundary conditions. Although these approximations are valid in many cases, they become insufficient when strong interactions between solids and fluids occur, requiring a coupled approach for accurate modeling. This research investigates the behavior of fluid–structure interactions and presents a fully customized coupling algorithm integrating two open-source solvers: Code_Saturne for fluid dynamics and Code_Aster for structural analysis. The algorithm is implemented on the AUSTRAL cluster, hosted by CRIANN (Centre Régional Informatique et d’Applications Numériques de Normandie).
{"title":"Coupling FVM and FEM using coupling code with Code Saturne and Code ASTER","authors":"Dimitri Vesvard , Philippe Karamian-Surville , Nizar Abcha","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanics of fluid–structure interactions (FSI) originated from the necessity to understand complex phenomena involving multiple scientific disciplines. In solid mechanics, fluids are often considered to have a negligible influence or are modeled in a simplified manner, while in fluid mechanics, solids are typically treated as boundary conditions. Although these approximations are valid in many cases, they become insufficient when strong interactions between solids and fluids occur, requiring a coupled approach for accurate modeling. This research investigates the behavior of fluid–structure interactions and presents a fully customized coupling algorithm integrating two open-source solvers: Code_Saturne for fluid dynamics and Code_Aster for structural analysis. The algorithm is implemented on the AUSTRAL cluster, hosted by CRIANN (Centre Régional Informatique et d’Applications Numériques de Normandie).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-10DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100239
Balamurali Kanagaraj , N. Anand , Samuvel Raj R , Eva Lubloy
The present study aims to develop and evaluate a sustainable, cement-free self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC) using recycled aggregates and to assess its performance under elevated temperature conditions. The main objective is to compare the bond and shear behavior of SCGC with conventional cement concrete (reference concrete) and cement-based self-compacting concrete (SCC) before and after fire exposure. Three concrete types were prepared namely, reference concrete, SCC, and SCGC. The SCC and SCGC mixes met EFNARC guidelines for self-compacting behavior. Specimens were subjected to elevated temperatures for 1 and 2 h. Post-heating performance was evaluated based on mass loss, compressive strength, bond stress (BS), and interfacial shear stress (ISS). Results showed that after 1 h of heating, SCGC exhibited the highest bond stress, followed by SCC and reference concrete. Mass loss for SCGC was lower (4.5 % after 1 h; 5.6 % after 2 h) than others. Strength losses after 2 h were severe (65 % for reference, 69 % for SCC, and 67 % for SCGC). Bond stress and ISS losses exceeded 90 % after 2 h, representing severe degradation. Increased heating also resulted in higher slip, reducing bond integrity. SCGC demonstrated better thermal resistance initially, but all concrete types experienced substantial performance loss after prolonged high-temperature exposure.
{"title":"Pull-out and push-off behavior of self-compacting concrete for precast structures after elevated temperature","authors":"Balamurali Kanagaraj , N. Anand , Samuvel Raj R , Eva Lubloy","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aims to develop and evaluate a sustainable, cement-free self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC) using recycled aggregates and to assess its performance under elevated temperature conditions. The main objective is to compare the bond and shear behavior of SCGC with conventional cement concrete (reference concrete) and cement-based self-compacting concrete (SCC) before and after fire exposure. Three concrete types were prepared namely, reference concrete, SCC, and SCGC. The SCC and SCGC mixes met EFNARC guidelines for self-compacting behavior. Specimens were subjected to elevated temperatures for 1 and 2 h. Post-heating performance was evaluated based on mass loss, compressive strength, bond stress (BS), and interfacial shear stress (ISS). Results showed that after 1 h of heating, SCGC exhibited the highest bond stress, followed by SCC and reference concrete. Mass loss for SCGC was lower (4.5 % after 1 h; 5.6 % after 2 h) than others. Strength losses after 2 h were severe (65 % for reference, 69 % for SCC, and 67 % for SCGC). Bond stress and ISS losses exceeded 90 % after 2 h, representing severe degradation. Increased heating also resulted in higher slip, reducing bond integrity. SCGC demonstrated better thermal resistance initially, but all concrete types experienced substantial performance loss after prolonged high-temperature exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-10DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100241
Rupendra S. Tanwar, Suyog Jhavar
Austenitic stainless steels, such as SS316L, are widely employed in thin rotary components like blades and impellers due to their exceptional thermal resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion properties. This study examines the dry sliding wear behaviour of wire arc additive manufactured (WAAM) austenitic bimetallic structures (BMS) comprising SS316L and SS309. Wear tests were conducted using a pin-on-disc tribometer with a flat-on-flat configuration, utilizing 3 mm square pins extracted from distinct regions of the base metals and their interface, tested against an EN31 steel disc (61 HRC). The initial average coefficient of friction (CoF) for SS316L ranged between 0.41 and 0.64, whereas the SS316L-SS309 interface demonstrated a lower CoF of 0.42 to 0.58, attributed to increased ferrite content and hardness during the initial running-in phase. X-ray diffraction results revealed the formation of iron oxides and chromium oxide on the worn surface of the plate. Microstructural and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses indicated that the higher ferrite content in SS309 and interface regions significantly enhanced wear resistance compared to SS316L. The wear mechanism transitioned from combined abrasive-adhesive wear to adhesive wear with plastic deformation and severe material loss. Analysis of wear debris confirmed progressive oxide layer removal during sliding, leading to increased wear. The superior hardness and ferritic phase in SS309 and interface regions contributed to improved wear resistance, underscoring the potential of austenitic BMS for applications requiring high wear performance. This study emphasizes the critical role of microstructural tailoring in optimizing wear characteristics in WAAM-fabricated austenitic BMS components.
{"title":"Microstructure and tribological characterization of thin wall of bimetallic austenitic steel fabricated through wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM)","authors":"Rupendra S. Tanwar, Suyog Jhavar","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Austenitic stainless steels, such as SS316L, are widely employed in thin rotary components like blades and impellers due to their exceptional thermal resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion properties. This study examines the dry sliding wear behaviour of wire arc additive manufactured (WAAM) austenitic bimetallic structures (BMS) comprising SS316L and SS309. Wear tests were conducted using a pin-on-disc tribometer with a flat-on-flat configuration, utilizing 3 mm square pins extracted from distinct regions of the base metals and their interface, tested against an EN31 steel disc (61 HRC). The initial average coefficient of friction (CoF) for SS316L ranged between 0.41 and 0.64, whereas the SS316L-SS309 interface demonstrated a lower CoF of 0.42 to 0.58, attributed to increased ferrite content and hardness during the initial running-in phase. X-ray diffraction results revealed the formation of iron oxides and chromium oxide on the worn surface of the plate. Microstructural and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses indicated that the higher ferrite content in SS309 and interface regions significantly enhanced wear resistance compared to SS316L. The wear mechanism transitioned from combined abrasive-adhesive wear to adhesive wear with plastic deformation and severe material loss. Analysis of wear debris confirmed progressive oxide layer removal during sliding, leading to increased wear. The superior hardness and ferritic phase in SS309 and interface regions contributed to improved wear resistance, underscoring the potential of austenitic BMS for applications requiring high wear performance. This study emphasizes the critical role of microstructural tailoring in optimizing wear characteristics in WAAM-fabricated austenitic BMS components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-09DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100238
Hamidreza Zarei, Seyed Reza Maadi
This study presents a comprehensive three-dimensional numerical investigation of the flow physics around a sphere positioned inside a conical geometry, focusing on the influence of varying Reynolds numbers (102 to 10,268) and the sphere's spatial configuration on flow characteristics and drag forces. Initially, the numerical methodology was validated by simulating the flow around a sphere in an unbounded domain and comparing results with established experimental data. Subsequently, simulations were conducted within a conical enclosure, where the sphere (diameter 0.3 m) was placed at various vertical distances relative to the inlet (ranging from 1.4 m to 0.6 m) and near the cone wall (maintaining a 10 cm gap). Results revealed a significant dependence of the drag coefficient on the sphere’s position and the development of the boundary layer within the cone. As the vertical distance from the inlet increased, the drag coefficient decreased, particularly at lower Reynolds numbers. When the sphere was positioned closer to the wall, the drag coefficient was notably affected by the growth of the boundary layer, leading to substantial reductions as the vertical distance increased. These findings highlight the complex interplay between viscous and inertial forces in confined flows and provide valuable insights for optimizing fluidic systems, micro-devices, and industrial applications involving particle dynamics in constricted geometries. The research underscores the importance of spatial positioning in modulating flow behavior and drag reduction strategies in non-uniform domains.
{"title":"Three-dimensional analysis of flow physics around a sphere inside a cone","authors":"Hamidreza Zarei, Seyed Reza Maadi","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive three-dimensional numerical investigation of the flow physics around a sphere positioned inside a conical geometry, focusing on the influence of varying Reynolds numbers (102 to 10,268) and the sphere's spatial configuration on flow characteristics and drag forces. Initially, the numerical methodology was validated by simulating the flow around a sphere in an unbounded domain and comparing results with established experimental data. Subsequently, simulations were conducted within a conical enclosure, where the sphere (diameter 0.3 m) was placed at various vertical distances relative to the inlet (ranging from 1.4 m to 0.6 m) and near the cone wall (maintaining a 10 cm gap). Results revealed a significant dependence of the drag coefficient on the sphere’s position and the development of the boundary layer within the cone. As the vertical distance from the inlet increased, the drag coefficient decreased, particularly at lower Reynolds numbers. When the sphere was positioned closer to the wall, the drag coefficient was notably affected by the growth of the boundary layer, leading to substantial reductions as the vertical distance increased. These findings highlight the complex interplay between viscous and inertial forces in confined flows and provide valuable insights for optimizing fluidic systems, micro-devices, and industrial applications involving particle dynamics in constricted geometries. The research underscores the importance of spatial positioning in modulating flow behavior and drag reduction strategies in non-uniform domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-29DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100231
K. Seto , K. Iwano , Y. Sakai , Y. Ito , S. Kosaka , K. Yoshida
Sirocco fans are used in familiar applications such as car air-conditioners due to their compactness, and reducing the noise they generate is an important social issue. However, the mechanism of their noise generation has not been well studied. The objective of this study is to identify the physical quantities contributing to noise generation by examining the “interference between the leading-edge separation bubble and the blade surface” as an fundamental process. To achieve this, numerical simulations were conducted for the cascade models with three blade shapes of varying thicknesses. The length of the separation bubble, its thickness, and the size of the vortex all decreased with increasing blade thickness. Generated noise was predicted using Curle’s equation, and noise measurement experiments were performed with a similar system to validate the prediction accuracy. The results showed good agreement, and the generated noise was reduced at almost all frequencies with increasing blade thickness. To clarify the reasons for this, the cospectra of the time derivative of the fluctuating pressure on the suction surface were analyzed in detail. The following conclusions were drawn: To reduce the noise generated by a sirocco fan, it is effective to reduce the peak value and broaden the shape of the fluctuating pressure distribution on the blade surface and decrease the vortex size.
{"title":"Investigation of noise generation due to interference between leading edge separation bubbles and blade surface","authors":"K. Seto , K. Iwano , Y. Sakai , Y. Ito , S. Kosaka , K. Yoshida","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sirocco fans are used in familiar applications such as car air-conditioners due to their compactness, and reducing the noise they generate is an important social issue. However, the mechanism of their noise generation has not been well studied. The objective of this study is to identify the physical quantities contributing to noise generation by examining the “interference between the leading-edge separation bubble and the blade surface” as an fundamental process. To achieve this, numerical simulations were conducted for the cascade models with three blade shapes of varying thicknesses. The length of the separation bubble, its thickness, and the size of the vortex all decreased with increasing blade thickness. Generated noise was predicted using Curle’s equation, and noise measurement experiments were performed with a similar system to validate the prediction accuracy. The results showed good agreement, and the generated noise was reduced at almost all frequencies with increasing blade thickness. To clarify the reasons for this, the cospectra of the time derivative of the fluctuating pressure on the suction surface were analyzed in detail. The following conclusions were drawn: To reduce the noise generated by a sirocco fan, it is effective to reduce the peak value and broaden the shape of the fluctuating pressure distribution on the blade surface and decrease the vortex size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-26DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100230
Gabriel Gašpar , Roman Budjač , Maroš Valášek , Martin Bartoň , Tomáš Meravý , Maximilián Strémy
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) have faced significant economic challenges since the COVID-19 pandemic, compounded by high inflation, rising energy costs, and the cessation of government financial support. War-related disruptions in Europe have further exacerbated these issues. As the backbone of the European economy, SMEs must embrace Industry 4.0 to remain competitive. However, many lack the resources or expertise to adopt smart technologies. This article proposes a cost-effective, scalable model to guide SMEs in transitioning towards Industry 4.0 by retrofitting existing machinery. By assessing machinery readiness and identifying critical areas for digitization, the model enables targeted investments that optimize production and reduce costs. A gradual, tailored approach ensures alignment with SMEs’ financial and technical capacities, fostering modernization and long-term growth. The successful implementation of the AFB production system highlights the feasibility of retrofitting existing systems to meet modern manufacturing demands.
{"title":"Digitizing SMEs in the EU: A scalable model for retrofitting machinery to Industry 4.0","authors":"Gabriel Gašpar , Roman Budjač , Maroš Valášek , Martin Bartoň , Tomáš Meravý , Maximilián Strémy","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) have faced significant economic challenges since the COVID-19 pandemic, compounded by high inflation, rising energy costs, and the cessation of government financial support. War-related disruptions in Europe have further exacerbated these issues. As the backbone of the European economy, SMEs must embrace Industry 4.0 to remain competitive. However, many lack the resources or expertise to adopt smart technologies. This article proposes a cost-effective, scalable model to guide SMEs in transitioning towards Industry 4.0 by retrofitting existing machinery. By assessing machinery readiness and identifying critical areas for digitization, the model enables targeted investments that optimize production and reduce costs. A gradual, tailored approach ensures alignment with SMEs’ financial and technical capacities, fostering modernization and long-term growth. The successful implementation of the AFB production system highlights the feasibility of retrofitting existing systems to meet modern manufacturing demands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To support sustainable transportation network development, Türkiye made big investments in the rail sector, including High-Speed Rail (HSR) services. To better understand the rail commuter sector and its potential connection to the Eurasian corridors in the future, current trends in the Turkish rail commuter transportation sector are investigated using the nationwide conducted rail commuter survey. Spatial analysis of the trips of 7028 rail commuters showed major desire lines, which are centered around a few cities with relatively shorter intercity travel distances. Further analysis of sociodemographic information showed a higher rate of young and middle-aged travelers who were mostly male, suggesting gender inequality in the rail commuter sector. Rail commuters preferred HSR mostly for “shorter time” and “more comfort” reasons and conventional rail for “lower cost” and “more comfort". Binary logit analysis of the business trips also revealed that being male, having a higher age, and returning the same day have a positive impact on the likelihood of making a business trip.
{"title":"A socio-spatial analysis of commuter preferences and behavior for driving sustainable rail network development","authors":"Üsame Ekici , Hediye Tuydes-Yaman , Sarbast Moslem","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To support sustainable transportation network development, Türkiye made big investments in the rail sector, including High-Speed Rail (HSR) services. To better understand the rail commuter sector and its potential connection to the Eurasian corridors in the future, current trends in the Turkish rail commuter transportation sector are investigated using the nationwide conducted rail commuter survey. Spatial analysis of the trips of 7028 rail commuters showed major desire lines, which are centered around a few cities with relatively shorter intercity travel distances. Further analysis of sociodemographic information showed a higher rate of young and middle-aged travelers who were mostly male, suggesting gender inequality in the rail commuter sector. Rail commuters preferred HSR mostly for “shorter time” and “more comfort” reasons and conventional rail for “lower cost” and “more comfort\". Binary logit analysis of the business trips also revealed that being male, having a higher age, and returning the same day have a positive impact on the likelihood of making a business trip.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents an improved mathematical model and parametric analysis of the developed model for the eddy current brake system using the finite element method. The analytical model is developed to consider terms such as temperature, skin, edge, and demagnetization effects that are neglected in the simplified models of other studies conducted in the literature review. Also, the presented mathematical model has been validated experimentally. In the performance parametric study, the variables related to the rotor and stator, including initial speed, material, diameter, thickness, and moment of inertia of the disk, as well as the position, number, and arrangement of permanent magnets, were investigated. The results of the numerical analysis of the improved model compared to the simple basic model show that the newly developed model is much closer to the experimental study results in terms of the braking torque trend than the simplified model, and its initial and maximum values are 3 and 4 percent more consistent, respectively. Also, the parametric analysis results show that an aluminum disc is better than other selected materials, and increasing the disk’s radius produces more braking torque than increasing its thickness. In the case of the stator, to obtain the maximum amount of braking torque, the best arrangement of permanent magnets is to utilize them on a double side, to use smaller and more magnets than larger and fewer magnets, and to locate them at a distance from the edge of the disk.
{"title":"Parametric study of permanent magnet eddy current brake considering demagnetization, temperature, edge, and skin effects: Numerical and experimental investigation","authors":"Hussein Hassanpour, Salman Ebrahimi-Nejad, Morteza Mollajafari","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an improved mathematical model and parametric analysis of the developed model for the eddy current brake system using the finite element method. The analytical model is developed to consider terms such as temperature, skin, edge, and demagnetization effects that are neglected in the simplified models of other studies conducted in the literature review. Also, the presented mathematical model has been validated experimentally. In the performance parametric study, the variables related to the rotor and stator, including initial speed, material, diameter, thickness, and moment of inertia of the disk, as well as the position, number, and arrangement of permanent magnets, were investigated. The results of the numerical analysis of the improved model compared to the simple basic model show that the newly developed model is much closer to the experimental study results in terms of the braking torque trend than the simplified model, and its initial and maximum values are 3 and 4 percent more consistent, respectively. Also, the parametric analysis results show that an aluminum disc is better than other selected materials, and increasing the disk’s radius produces more braking torque than increasing its thickness. In the case of the stator, to obtain the maximum amount of braking torque, the best arrangement of permanent magnets is to utilize them on a double side, to use smaller and more magnets than larger and fewer magnets, and to locate them at a distance from the edge of the disk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100234
D. Indronil, IM Nazmul
This study introduces a novel framework for developing models of elastic substrate foundations using an integral convolution approach. The proposed methodology systematically breaks down the applied load function into integral components and employs a multiplicative kernel transformation to derive the governing equations for substrate behavior. By extending traditional foundation models like the Winkler and Pasternak models, this formulation incorporates shear interactions and spatial variations in material properties, thereby addressing limitations in conventional approaches. The resulting equations effectively capture both local and global effects of applied loads, providing a more accurate representation of substrate behavior in heterogeneous, anisotropic, and non-uniform systems. The validity of the proposed model is verified through comparisons with established theories, demonstrating its precision and broader applicability to complex structural scenarios. The convolution-based formulation also enhances the analysis of advanced loading conditions and nonlinear material responses, making it highly adaptable to real-world engineering applications. The analytical and numerical results of this study contribute significantly to structural mechanics, especially in the design and analysis of beams, plates, and other structural elements interacting with elastic substrates. The findings have potential applications in nano- and micro-scale engineering, geotechnical studies, and advanced material modeling, highlighting the importance of nonlocal elasticity in contemporary structural analysis.
{"title":"On the convolutive development of elastic substrate media as nano foundation","authors":"D. Indronil, IM Nazmul","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel framework for developing models of elastic substrate foundations using an integral convolution approach. The proposed methodology systematically breaks down the applied load function into integral components and employs a multiplicative kernel transformation to derive the governing equations for substrate behavior. By extending traditional foundation models like the Winkler and Pasternak models, this formulation incorporates shear interactions and spatial variations in material properties, thereby addressing limitations in conventional approaches. The resulting equations effectively capture both local and global effects of applied loads, providing a more accurate representation of substrate behavior in heterogeneous, anisotropic, and non-uniform systems. The validity of the proposed model is verified through comparisons with established theories, demonstrating its precision and broader applicability to complex structural scenarios. The convolution-based formulation also enhances the analysis of advanced loading conditions and nonlinear material responses, making it highly adaptable to real-world engineering applications. The analytical and numerical results of this study contribute significantly to structural mechanics, especially in the design and analysis of beams, plates, and other structural elements interacting with elastic substrates. The findings have potential applications in nano- and micro-scale engineering, geotechnical studies, and advanced material modeling, highlighting the importance of nonlocal elasticity in contemporary structural analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, the flexural vibrations and stability of viscoelastic beams under axial motion and thermal fields are investigated using Rayleigh beam theory. The viscoelastic behavior is modeled through the Kelvin-Voigt and Maxwell models, and the governing differential equation is derivative utilizing Hamilton's principle. To create a more realistic model, thermal stresses in the beam are simulated using both linear and non-linear models. An innovative analytical solution method for these equations is presented, employing a power series approach to solve equations. The research provides an explicit mathematical expression for the mixed vibration modes of the beam under axial motion. Various parameters, such as rotational inertia, linear and non-linear thermal stresses, structural damping, and axial movement speed, are analyzed for their effects on the dynamic characteristics and instability of viscoelastic Rayleigh beams under axial motion. The findings indicate that incorporating rotational inertia and Rayleigh beam theory reduces the natural frequencies at low axial speeds but consistently increases the system's critical speed. Furthermore, rotational inertia induces distortions in the vibration mode shapes. Notably, the impact of rotational inertia on the second mode shape is significant, resulting in the loss of the nodal point in the second vibration mode shape of the beam under axial motion.
{"title":"Transverse vibrations and stability of viscoelastic axially moving Rayleigh beams under thermal fields: An analytical approach","authors":"Farzam Fatehi sichani , Ali Mokhtarian , Shahram Babadoust , Soheil Salahshour","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the flexural vibrations and stability of viscoelastic beams under axial motion and thermal fields are investigated using Rayleigh beam theory. The viscoelastic behavior is modeled through the Kelvin-Voigt and Maxwell models, and the governing differential equation is derivative utilizing Hamilton's principle. To create a more realistic model, thermal stresses in the beam are simulated using both linear and non-linear models. An innovative analytical solution method for these equations is presented, employing a power series approach to solve equations. The research provides an explicit mathematical expression for the mixed vibration modes of the beam under axial motion. Various parameters, such as rotational inertia, linear and non-linear thermal stresses, structural damping, and axial movement speed, are analyzed for their effects on the dynamic characteristics and instability of viscoelastic Rayleigh beams under axial motion. The findings indicate that incorporating rotational inertia and Rayleigh beam theory reduces the natural frequencies at low axial speeds but consistently increases the system's critical speed. Furthermore, rotational inertia induces distortions in the vibration mode shapes. Notably, the impact of rotational inertia on the second mode shape is significant, resulting in the loss of the nodal point in the second vibration mode shape of the beam under axial motion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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