Biological psychiatry global open science最新文献_第9页

Longitudinal Relationship of Early Postnatal Testosterone and Harsh Parenting at 1–3 Months of Age to Physical Aggression at 12 Months of Age in Boys and Girls 1-3月龄早期出生后睾丸激素和严厉的父母教养与12月龄男孩和女孩身体攻击的纵向关系

IF 3.7 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological psychiatry global open science

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100579

Karson T.F. Kung, Rachel L.C. Li, Eddy C.H. Tam, Sixuan Zhang, Marshall M.C. Hui

Background

It has been postulated that the early postnatal period, 1 to 3 months of age, is a critical period when early androgen exposure exerts long-lasting influences on aspects of behavioral development that show sex differences. The present study conducted the first test of the relationship between testosterone concentrations at 1 to 3 months of age and subsequent physical aggression. The present study is also the first to examine early postnatal testosterone and harsh parenting simultaneously as predictors of subsequent physical aggression.

Methods

The longitudinal sample included 217 boys and 208 girls and their parents. When children were 1 to 3 months old, 3 weekly saliva samples were collected from each child for testosterone assays, and a parent-reported measure was used to assess harsh parenting. When children were 12 months old, parents and children were invited to take part in a follow-up where each child’s physical aggression was assessed using both an observational paradigm and a parent-reported measure.

Results

There were positive associations between early postnatal testosterone and subsequent physical aggression outcomes in boys and in girls. Also, in boys, early postnatal testosterone and harsh parenting independently and interactively predicted subsequent parent-reported physical aggression; there was a positive association between testosterone and aggression when harsh parenting was high but not when harsh parenting was low.

Conclusions

The current findings suggest that early postnatal testosterone may exert organizing influences on physical aggression development in boys and in girls. Programs designed to reduce harsh parenting may buffer these early hormonal influences, especially in boys.

研究背景据推测，出生后1 - 3个月的早期阶段是一个关键时期，在这个时期早期的雄激素暴露会对表现出性别差异的行为发展方面产生持久的影响。本研究首次对1 - 3个月大的睾丸激素浓度与随后的身体攻击之间的关系进行了测试。目前的研究也是第一个同时检查出生后早期睾丸激素和严厉的父母作为随后的身体攻击的预测因素。方法对217名男孩和208名女孩及其父母进行纵向调查。当孩子1到3个月大时，每周从每个孩子身上收集3次唾液样本进行睾酮检测，并使用家长报告的方法来评估父母的严厉教养。当孩子12个月大的时候，父母和孩子被邀请参加一个后续研究，每个孩子的身体攻击行为都是通过观察范式和父母报告的方法来评估的。结果男孩和女孩出生后早期睾酮水平与随后的身体攻击结果呈正相关。此外，在男孩中，出生后早期的睾丸激素和严厉的父母教育独立地和相互作用地预测了随后父母报告的身体攻击；当父母严厉的程度高时，睾丸激素和攻击性之间存在正相关，而当父母严厉的程度低时，则不存在正相关。结论出生后早期睾酮可能对男孩和女孩的肢体攻击发育有组织影响。旨在减少严厉管教的项目可能会缓冲这些早期激素的影响，尤其是对男孩。

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引用次数: 0

Decreased Cerebral Blood Flow in Young Children With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure 产前酒精暴露儿童脑血流量减少

IF 3.7 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological psychiatry global open science

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100576

Mohammad Ghasoub , Madison Long , Jamie Roeske , Meaghan V. Perdue , Xiangyu Long , Carly McMorris , Christina Tortorelli , W. Ben Gibbard , Catherine Lebel

Background

Alcohol exposure during pregnancy can hinder neurodevelopment, causing a range of behavioral and neurological deficits, including structural and functional brain alterations. Moreover, prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with cerebral blood flow (CBF) abnormalities in preclinical models. However, it remains unclear to what extent CBF is affected by PAE in humans. In this study, we investigated CBF in young children with PAE.

Methods

A total of 171 scans collected from 99 children (35 children [51 scans] with PAE) between the ages of 3 to 8 years were examined. Children underwent a magnetic resonance imaging scan to acquire arterial spin labeling images to quantify CBF. CBF maps were segmented into 110 gray matter regions, and linear mixed models were used to test CBF differences between children with PAE and unexposed children in each region.

Results

Children with PAE had decreased CBF compared with unexposed control children, with the largest effects seen in subcortical and medial frontal regions.

Conclusions

CBF is negatively altered in children with PAE. CBF reductions may alter nutrient and oxygen delivery to the brain, resulting in impaired neurodevelopment and helping to explain functional deficits seen in PAE. The largest effects were seen in regions associated with cognitive and behavioral functions that are commonly impaired in individuals with PAE. Our findings contribute additional insight into the adverse effects of PAE on neurodevelopment and lay the groundwork for future studies to investigate CBF effects and how they relate to behavior.

怀孕期间饮酒会阻碍神经发育，导致一系列行为和神经缺陷，包括大脑结构和功能的改变。此外，在临床前模型中，产前酒精暴露（PAE）与脑血流（CBF）异常有关。然而，目前尚不清楚人类PAE对CBF的影响程度。在本研究中，我们对PAE患儿的脑血流进行了研究。方法收集3 ~ 8岁儿童99例（其中35例[51例]为PAE）共171张扫描图。儿童接受磁共振成像扫描以获得动脉自旋标记图像以量化CBF。脑血流图被分割成110个灰质区域，并使用线性混合模型来测试每个区域中PAE儿童和未暴露儿童的脑血流差异。结果与未暴露的对照组相比，PAE患儿的脑血流减少，其中皮层下和内侧额叶区影响最大。结论PAE患儿scbf呈负性改变。脑血流减少可能改变向大脑的营养和氧气输送，导致神经发育受损，并有助于解释PAE中所见的功能缺陷。影响最大的是与认知和行为功能相关的区域，这些区域通常在PAE患者中受损。我们的发现有助于进一步了解PAE对神经发育的不良影响，并为未来研究CBF的影响及其与行为的关系奠定基础。

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引用次数: 0

The Immunologic Underpinnings of Post-Stroke Depression 脑卒中后抑郁的免疫学基础

IF 3.7 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological psychiatry global open science

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100575

Nina Vindegaard Sørensen , Anders Hougaard , Christina Kruuse , Michael Eriksen Benros

Post-stroke depression is a common consequence of stroke with an estimated prevalence of approximately 30% in stroke patients. It negatively impacts both rehabilitation and quality of life after stroke. Stroke induces an acute activation of the immune system in the central nervous system with concomitant immunologic alterations in the periphery. Immunologic alterations have been associated with non-stroke-related depression, and the evidence points to both central and peripheral immune activation with bidirectional interactions. By identifying and evaluating the current evidence of immunologic alterations associated with depression, stroke, and post-stroke depression, we outline the current knowledge and hypotheses on stroke-related immunologic alterations and associations with the subsequent risk of post-stroke depression. This includes immune system alterations in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood; pre- and post-stroke infections; the blood-brain barrier; autoimmunity of the central nervous system; brain imaging; the spleen-brain, gut-brain, and neuroendocrine-immune axes; and immunogenetic studies. All these topics are discussed within the context of post-stroke depression, pointing to a potential involvement of a multifactorial immunologic pathophysiology. In this narrative review, we identify key directions for future research and conclude by offering perspectives related to the therapeutic potential and associated challenges of this underinvestigated but important topic in neuropsychiatry.

脑卒中后抑郁是脑卒中的常见后果，估计在脑卒中患者中患病率约为30%。它对中风后的康复和生活质量都有负面影响。中风引起中枢神经系统免疫系统的急性激活，并伴有周围神经系统的免疫改变。免疫改变与非卒中相关性抑郁有关，证据表明中枢和外周免疫激活具有双向相互作用。通过识别和评估与抑郁、卒中和卒中后抑郁相关的免疫改变的现有证据，我们概述了卒中相关免疫改变及其与卒中后抑郁后续风险的关联的现有知识和假设。这包括脑脊液和血液中的免疫系统改变；中风前后感染；血脑屏障；中枢神经系统自身免疫；大脑成像;脾-脑、肠-脑和神经内分泌-免疫轴；免疫遗传学研究。所有这些主题都在卒中后抑郁的背景下进行了讨论，指出了多因素免疫病理生理学的潜在参与。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们确定了未来研究的关键方向，并通过提供与神经精神病学中这一研究不足但重要的主题的治疗潜力和相关挑战相关的观点来总结。

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引用次数: 0

The Emerging Role of the DDAH Proteins in Psychiatric Disorders DDAH蛋白在精神疾病中的新作用

IF 3.7 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological psychiatry global open science

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100574

Magdalini R. Vareltzoglou , Roman N. Rodionov , Anthony C. Vernon , Nadine Bernhardt

The heterogeneous nature of psychiatric disorders complicates their clinical management and the development of novel treatments, imposing a significant burden on both patients and health care systems. To address these challenges, it is essential to continuously identify new targets involved in their pathogenesis. In this narrative review, we propose the dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) proteins, already known for their significant role in cardiovascular disease, as promising novel treatment targets for psychiatric conditions. The DDAH proteins exist in 2 isoforms, DDAH1 and DDAH2, which both regulate nitric oxide homeostasis. DDAH1 metabolizes the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), while DDAH2 acts through ADMA-independent mechanisms. We synthesize current evidence from systemic studies, genetic analyses, postmortem brain samples, and animal models to evaluate the potential roles of DDAH proteins across psychiatric conditions. Most systemic studies have revealed increased peripheral ADMA levels across several psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, substance use disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Alterations in ADMA levels are also observed in transdiagnostic clinical domains such as cognitive deficits, sleep disturbances, white matter hyperintensities, and oxidative stress. These ADMA changes are evident from early stages of illness and respond to current treatments, suggesting diagnostic potential. Genetic and postmortem brain data further link DDAH1 and DDAH2 to psychiatric symptomatology in patient populations. Finally, fundamental studies in model systems provide insights into their role in neural proliferation, differentiation, cell death, and oxidative stress regulation—key processes in the developing and the adult brain. These data support the view that DDAH proteins may play a role in the molecular mechanisms that underlie psychiatric disorders and merit more investigation as potential therapeutic candidates.

精神疾病的异质性使其临床管理和新治疗方法的发展复杂化，给患者和卫生保健系统都带来了沉重的负担。为了应对这些挑战，必须不断确定其发病机制中涉及的新靶点。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们提出了二甲基精氨酸二甲氨基水解酶（DDAH）蛋白，它已经在心血管疾病中发挥了重要作用，作为精神疾病有希望的新治疗靶点。DDAH蛋白存在2种亚型，即DDAH1和DDAH2，它们都能调节一氧化氮的稳态。DDAH1代谢一氧化氮合酶抑制剂不对称二甲基精氨酸（ADMA），而DDAH2通过ADMA独立的机制起作用。我们综合了来自系统研究、遗传分析、死后脑样本和动物模型的现有证据，以评估DDAH蛋白在精神疾病中的潜在作用。大多数系统研究表明，在多种精神疾病中，包括精神分裂症、抑郁症、双相情感障碍、物质使用障碍和注意缺陷/多动障碍，外周ADMA水平升高。ADMA水平的改变也可在认知缺陷、睡眠障碍、白质高信号和氧化应激等跨诊断临床领域观察到。这些ADMA变化从疾病的早期阶段就很明显，并对目前的治疗有反应，表明诊断潜力。遗传和死后脑数据进一步将DDAH1和DDAH2与患者群体的精神症状联系起来。最后，模型系统的基础研究提供了它们在神经增殖、分化、细胞死亡和氧化应激调节中的作用——发育和成人大脑的关键过程。这些数据支持这样一种观点，即DDAH蛋白可能在精神疾病的分子机制中发挥作用，作为潜在的治疗候选物值得更多的研究。

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引用次数: 0

White Matter Regional Volumes in Relation to Menstrual Cycle Phase and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder 白质区域体积与月经周期阶段和经前烦躁障碍的关系

IF 3.7 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological psychiatry global open science

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100573

Elin Stenhammar , Manon Dubol , Louise Stiernman , Inger Sundström-Poromaa , Marie Bixo , Erika Comasco

Background

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is an understudied, debilitating, and hormone-related mental disorder. Recent evidence suggests alterations in white matter structure during the symptomatic luteal phase in PMDD. In this study, white matter volumes (WMVs) in the brains of women with PMDD versus control women were compared across the menstrual cycle, to determine whether these differences reflect state- or trait-like characteristics.

Methods

Anatomical magnetic resonance imaging was performed during the midfollicular phase and the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in 28 women with PMDD and 27 control women. WMVs were assessed using voxel-based morphometry, employing both region-of-interest (ROI) and exploratory whole-brain approaches.

Results

No group-by-phase interaction effects on WMVs were found. Across menstrual cycle phases, women with PMDD exhibited greater WMVs than control women within ROIs (in the bilateral uncinate fasciculus, right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and left crus and fimbria of the fornix) and across the whole brain (in inferior occipital areas and near the angular gyrus), indicating trait- rather than state-like structural markers of PMDD.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that women with PMDD exhibit larger WMVs than healthy control women, during both the symptomatic and asymptomatic phases of the menstrual cycle, in white matter tracts involved in emotion processing and regulation, memory, and connecting limbic and prefrontal regions of relevance to mood disorders.

背景经前烦躁不安（PMDD）是一种未被充分研究的、使人衰弱的激素相关精神障碍。最近的证据表明，在经前抑郁症的症状黄体期白质结构的改变。在这项研究中，研究人员比较了经前抑郁症女性和对照组女性在整个月经周期中大脑中的白质体积（wmv），以确定这些差异是否反映了状态或特征。方法对28例经前抑郁症患者和27例对照患者在月经周期的卵泡中期和黄体晚期进行核磁共振成像。使用基于体素的形态测量法评估wmv，采用感兴趣区域（ROI）和探索性全脑方法。结果各组间无相互作用。在月经周期的各个阶段，患有经前不悦症的女性在ROIs（双侧钩状束、右侧额枕下束、左侧穹窿脚和穹窿膜）和整个大脑（枕下区和角回附近）内表现出比对照组女性更大的wmv，这表明经前不悦症的特征-而不是状态样的结构标记。这些发现表明，在月经周期的有症状和无症状阶段，经前不悦症女性在涉及情绪处理和调节、记忆以及连接与情绪障碍相关的边缘和前额叶区域的白质束中表现出比健康对照组女性更大的WMVs。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in Neural Activities and Neuroplasticity Related to Nonpharmacological Interventions for Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Literature Review 非药物干预对重度抑郁症的神经活动和神经可塑性的影响：一项系统的文献综述

IF 3.7 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological psychiatry global open science

Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100572

Sandeep Vaishnavi , Alex Leow , Veronica Nguyen , Chip Meyer , Madeline Rose Keleher , Caroline Leitschuh , Tarolyn Carlton

People with major depressive disorder (MDD) can have impaired neuroplasticity. Antidepressant treatment and some nonpharmacological interventions can lead to changes in neuroplasticity that improve MDD symptoms. However, there are no recent systematic literature reviews (SLRs) on the effect of nonpharmacological interventions for MDD on neuroplasticity. Therefore, we conducted an SLR of articles with primary results published between January 1, 2013, and December 6, 2023, that included adults with depression or MDD (MDD used to refer to both) treated with nonpharmacological products that are U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cleared and indicated for MDD or are investigative and need FDA review and clearance for use outside of clinical trials. From the 1257 records screened, 101 studies with 4746 participants were included. Electroconvulsive therapy was the most common treatment (used by 46.5% of the studies), followed by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (35.6%). Of the 54 studies that included a healthy control comparison group, 42 (77.8%) found brain differences at baseline between the MDD group and the control group. Most of the studies (95 studies; 94.1%) found statistically significant functional or structural changes in the brain following nonpharmacological treatment for MDD. Of the 74 studies that investigated whether there was a relationship between changes in the brain and improvement in MDD symptoms, 53 (71.6%) found that changes in neuroplasticity corresponded with improvement in depression symptoms. This SLR shows that nonpharmacological interventions for MDD lead to changes in neuroplasticity, which correspond with improvement in MDD symptoms.

患有重度抑郁症（MDD）的人神经可塑性受损。抗抑郁治疗和一些非药物干预可以导致神经可塑性的改变，从而改善重度抑郁症的症状。然而，目前尚无关于重度抑郁症非药物干预对神经可塑性影响的系统文献综述（SLRs）。因此，我们对2013年1月1日至2023年12月6日期间发表的主要结果的文章进行了SLR，其中包括患有抑郁症或重度抑郁症（MDD用于指代两者）的成年人，这些成年人使用美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准的非药物产品治疗抑郁症，或正在调查中，需要FDA审查和批准才能在临床试验之外使用。从1257份被筛选的记录中，包括101项研究，4746名参与者。电休克治疗是最常见的治疗方法（46.5%的研究使用），其次是重复经颅磁刺激（35.6%）。在包括健康对照组的54项研究中，42项（77.8%）发现重度抑郁症组和对照组在基线时大脑存在差异。大多数研究（95项研究，94.1%）发现重度抑郁症非药物治疗后大脑功能或结构发生了统计学上显著的变化。在调查大脑变化与重度抑郁症症状改善之间是否存在关系的74项研究中，53项（71.6%）发现神经可塑性的变化与抑郁症状的改善相对应。该SLR表明，对重度抑郁症的非药物干预导致神经可塑性的改变，这与重度抑郁症症状的改善相对应。

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引用次数: 0

Psychometric Considerations in Assessing Fear Generalization as a Predictor of Anxiety 评估恐惧泛化作为焦虑预测因子的心理测量考虑

IF 3.7 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological psychiatry global open science

Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100570

Yannik Stegmann , Mario Reutter , Katharina Hutterer , Lea Hildebrandt , Jürgen Deckert , Lorenz Deserno , Katharina Domschke , Tina B. Lonsdorf , Paul Pauli , Andreas Reif , Karoline Rosenkranz , Miriam A. Schiele , Dirk Schümann , Peter Zwanzger , Marta Andreatta , Matthias Gamer

Background

The ability to adaptively transfer acquired fear to novel situations is fundamental for survival in ever-changing environments and may contribute to the emergence and persistence of anxiety disorders. Consequently, research has focused on the assessment of fear generalization profiles to predict individual differences in anxiety. However, substantial heterogeneity in the operationalization of generalization hampers comparisons across studies and poses a risk to the replicability of findings.

Methods

To address these issues, we reviewed the literature to identify commonly used methods for characterizing perceptual fear generalization profiles. Then, we conducted simulation analyses to examine correlations between indices and probe their robustness against measurement noise. Finally, we used 2 large empirical datasets (N = 1175 and N = 256 healthy humans) to examine the reliability of these indices and their validity in predicting anxiety-related traits.

Results

All identified indices were substantially correlated but highly sensitive to measurement noise, with only minimal differences between methods. Reliabilities were moderate for subjective ratings but poor for skin conductance responses. All indices of fear generalization were unrelated to anxiety-related traits.

Conclusions

Overall, a more comprehensive discussion of conceptual and methodological issues is needed to enable informed decisions about how to reliably and validly estimate fear generalization and its relationship with anxiety-related traits or clinical symptoms.

将获得性恐惧适应性地转移到新环境中的能力是在不断变化的环境中生存的基础，也可能导致焦虑症的出现和持续。因此，研究的重点是评估恐惧泛化概况，以预测焦虑的个体差异。然而，在泛化的操作过程中，大量的异质性阻碍了研究之间的比较，并对研究结果的可重复性构成了风险。方法为了解决这些问题，我们回顾了文献，找出了表征感知恐惧泛化特征的常用方法。然后，我们进行了模拟分析，以检验指标之间的相关性，并探讨其对测量噪声的鲁棒性。最后，我们使用2个大型的经验数据集（N = 1175和N = 256健康人群）来检验这些指标的可靠性及其预测焦虑相关特征的有效性。结果所有鉴定的指标均具有较强的相关性，但对测量噪声高度敏感，方法间差异极小。主观评分的可靠性一般，但皮肤电导反应的可靠性较差。恐惧概化的各项指标与焦虑相关特征无关。结论总的来说，需要对概念和方法问题进行更全面的讨论，以便就如何可靠有效地评估恐惧泛化及其与焦虑相关特征或临床症状的关系做出明智的决定。

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引用次数: 0

A Critical Evaluation of Background Gene Omission in Imaging Transcriptomics 成像转录组学中背景基因遗漏的关键评估

IF 3.7 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological psychiatry global open science

Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100568

Zhipeng Cao , Li Bao , Jinmei Qin , Guilai Zhan

Imaging transcriptomics integrates spatial gene expression data with imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) to elucidate molecular mechanisms that underlie brain structure and function. Overrepresentation analysis (ORA) is widely used to annotate IDP-related genes; however, many studies have overlooked appropriate background gene selection. Here, we critically evaluated the impact of omitting a proper background on ORA findings. A systematic review of 152 imaging transcriptomics studies (2015–2024) revealed that 84.9% did not report background genes, and only 5.26% used the Allen Human Brain Atlas (AHBA) genes as background. Simulations showed that ORA significance increased with background size. In realistic simulations, default backgrounds (e.g., all protein-coding genes) inflated pathway significance by up to 50-fold, with probabilities reaching 0.97, particularly for frequently reported pathways related to synaptic signaling and neurotransmission. In contrast, using AHBA genes as the background maintained the significance probabilities near 0.05. These findings highlight the need for appropriate background selection and transparent reporting and we provide practical guidance for ORA in imaging transcriptomics.

成像转录组学将空间基因表达数据与成像衍生表型（IDPs）相结合，以阐明大脑结构和功能背后的分子机制。过度代表性分析（Overrepresentation analysis， ORA）被广泛用于idp相关基因的注释；然而，许多研究忽视了适当的背景基因选择。在这里，我们批判性地评估了遗漏适当背景对ORA结果的影响。系统回顾2015-2024年152项成像转录组学研究发现，84.9%未报告背景基因，仅5.26%使用Allen Human Brain Atlas （AHBA）基因作为背景。模拟结果表明，ORA显著性随背景大小的增大而增大。在现实模拟中，默认背景（例如，所有蛋白质编码基因）将通路显著性夸大了50倍，概率达到0.97，特别是对于经常报道的与突触信号和神经传递相关的通路。相比之下，以AHBA基因为背景，显著性概率保持在0.05附近。这些发现强调了适当的背景选择和透明报告的必要性，我们为成像转录组学中的ORA提供了实用指导。

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引用次数: 0

A Multimodal Observational Case-Control Study Exploring Gut Microbiota–Hippocampus Alterations in Individuals With High Positive Schizotypy From the General Population 一项多模式观察性病例对照研究探讨了普通人群中高阳性分裂型个体的肠道微生物群-海马体改变

IF 3.7 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological psychiatry global open science

Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100567

Galya C. Iseli , Jorge F. Vázquez-Castellanos , David Coynel , James M. Stone , Mariana Zurita Soler , Paul Allen , Fernando Zelaya , Muriel Derrien , Undine E. Lang , Martin Debbané , Ulrich Ettinger , Jeroen Raes , André Schmidt

Background

The hippocampus plays a critical role in psychosis, with reduced volume observed across the psychosis continuum. These structural changes are associated with cognitive deficits, symptom severity, and increased risk of psychosis progression. Elevated hippocampal perfusion and glutamate/GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) imbalance further suggest metabolic dysregulation as a key mechanism. Gut microbiota composition can influence hippocampal metabolism, but their interplay remains to be explored.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 142 healthy participants from the general population, yielding 69 individuals with high schizotypy (HS) and 72 individuals with low schizotypy. All underwent clinical and cognitive testing, multimodal neuroimaging, and gut microbiota analysis via 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Hippocampal subfield volumes (structural magnetic resonance imaging), perfusion (arterial spin labeling) and glutamate/GABA levels (proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and microbial taxa (abundance, diversity, enterotypes) were assessed.

Results

Group comparisons of cognition, multimodal neuroimaging, and gut microbiome composition did not reveal significant differences after correction for multiple comparisons. Within the HS group, glutamate (r = 0.38, p = .003) and GABA (r = −0.36, p = .003) ratios were linked to social withdrawal. Across the entire sample, left hippocampal subfield volumes and glutamate/GABA levels differed significantly between predominant gut microbial enterotypes.

Conclusions

Our results suggest a potential relationship between aberrant gut microbial composition and hippocampal alterations in people with positive schizotypy from the general population. Our findings inform future large-scale research that further explores specific mechanisms of gut microbiome-hippocampus interactions in psychosis and the potential of tailored microbial interventions targeting hippocampal-mediated symptoms.

背景：海马体在精神病中起着关键作用，在精神病连续体中观察到体积减小。这些结构变化与认知缺陷、症状严重程度和精神病进展风险增加有关。海马灌注升高和谷氨酸/GABA （γ -氨基丁酸）失衡进一步表明代谢失调是其关键机制。肠道菌群组成可以影响海马代谢，但它们之间的相互作用仍有待探索。方法在横断面研究中，我们从普通人群中招募了142名健康受试者，其中69名为高分裂型，72名为低分裂型。所有人都进行了临床和认知测试，多模式神经成像，并通过16S核糖体RNA基因测序进行了肠道微生物群分析。评估海马亚场体积（结构磁共振成像）、灌注（动脉自旋标记）和谷氨酸/GABA水平（质子磁共振光谱），以及微生物类群（丰度、多样性、肠型）。结果组间认知、多模态神经影像学和肠道微生物组组成的比较在校正多重比较后无显著差异。在HS组中，谷氨酸（r = 0.38, p = 0.003）和GABA （r = - 0.36, p = 0.003）比值与社交退缩有关。在整个样本中，主要肠道微生物肠型之间的左海马亚区体积和谷氨酸/GABA水平存在显著差异。结论研究结果提示，与一般人群相比，分裂型阳性患者肠道微生物组成异常与海马结构改变之间存在潜在关系。我们的发现为未来的大规模研究提供了信息，这些研究将进一步探索精神病中肠道微生物群-海马体相互作用的特定机制，以及针对海马体介导症状的定制微生物干预的潜力。

{"title":"A Multimodal Observational Case-Control Study Exploring Gut Microbiota–Hippocampus Alterations in Individuals With High Positive Schizotypy From the General Population","authors":"Galya C. Iseli , Jorge F. Vázquez-Castellanos , David Coynel , James M. Stone , Mariana Zurita Soler , Paul Allen , Fernando Zelaya , Muriel Derrien , Undine E. Lang , Martin Debbané , Ulrich Ettinger , Jeroen Raes , André Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The hippocampus plays a critical role in psychosis, with reduced volume observed across the psychosis continuum. These structural changes are associated with cognitive deficits, symptom severity, and increased risk of psychosis progression. Elevated hippocampal perfusion and glutamate/GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) imbalance further suggest metabolic dysregulation as a key mechanism. Gut microbiota composition can influence hippocampal metabolism, but their interplay remains to be explored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 142 healthy participants from the general population, yielding 69 individuals with high schizotypy (HS) and 72 individuals with low schizotypy. All underwent clinical and cognitive testing, multimodal neuroimaging, and gut microbiota analysis via 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Hippocampal subfield volumes (structural magnetic resonance imaging), perfusion (arterial spin labeling) and glutamate/GABA levels (proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and microbial taxa (abundance, diversity, enterotypes) were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Group comparisons of cognition, multimodal neuroimaging, and gut microbiome composition did not reveal significant differences after correction for multiple comparisons. Within the HS group, glutamate (<em>r</em> = 0.38, <em>p</em> = .003) and GABA (<em>r</em> = −0.36, <em>p</em> = .003) ratios were linked to social withdrawal. Across the entire sample, left hippocampal subfield volumes and glutamate/GABA levels differed significantly between predominant gut microbial enterotypes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results suggest a potential relationship between aberrant gut microbial composition and hippocampal alterations in people with positive schizotypy from the general population. Our findings inform future large-scale research that further explores specific mechanisms of gut microbiome-hippocampus interactions in psychosis and the potential of tailored microbial interventions targeting hippocampal-mediated symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72373,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry global open science","volume":"5 6","pages":"Article 100567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Visuo-Tactile Temporal Binding Window Plasticity in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 强迫症的视触觉时间绑定窗口可塑性研究

IF 3.7 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological psychiatry global open science

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100565

Francesca Rastelli , Davide Fausto Borrelli , Francesca Ferroni , Anna Di Donna , Laura Dell’Uva , Maurizio Cavazza , Matteo Tonna , Martina Ardizzi

Background

Multisensory integration (MSI) enables the brain to combine sensory inputs by defining spatial and temporal boundaries that determine whether stimuli originate from the same event. Among these, the temporal binding window (TBW) specifically refers to the temporal range within which stimuli are perceived as simultaneous and integrated. In adulthood, TBW can be narrowed through short-term perceptual training. Altered TBW plasticity has been linked to neuropsychiatric conditions, where atypical prior weighting distorts sensory integration. This study investigates obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), a condition marked by heightened uncertainty and excessive reliance on real-time sensory input, potentially leading to wider MSI temporal boundaries and greater sensitivity to contingent sensory experiences.

Methods

In the current study, the TBW plasticity of 31 patients with OCD and 34 healthy control participants was studied by asking them to perform a simultaneity judgment task before and after a perceptual training session designed to narrow their TBW.

Results

Results showed a larger TBW with an abnormal tactile leading dominance in patients with OCD before the training session. Furthermore, patients with OCD showed a higher training gain than control participants.

Conclusions

These findings suggest altered TBW plasticity in OCD, potentially linked to difficulties in using past experiences as a stable source of information and an exaggerated reliance on real-time sensory input. Understanding these MSI alterations may offer new insights into the sensory mechanisms that underlie OCD and inform future research on sensory-based interventions.

多感觉整合（MSI）使大脑能够通过定义空间和时间边界来组合感觉输入，从而确定刺激是否来自同一事件。其中，时间结合窗（temporal binding window， TBW）特指刺激被感知为同时和整合的时间范围。在成年期，TBW可以通过短期的知觉训练来缩小。TBW可塑性的改变与神经精神疾病有关，其中非典型先验权重扭曲了感觉整合。本研究调查了强迫症（OCD），这是一种以高度不确定性和过度依赖实时感官输入为特征的疾病，可能导致更宽的MSI时间边界和对偶然感官体验的更大敏感性。方法对31名强迫症患者和34名健康对照者在知觉训练前后进行同时性判断任务，以缩小他们的TBW，研究其TBW的可塑性。结果强迫症患者在训练前TBW较大，触觉领先优势异常。此外，强迫症患者表现出比对照组参与者更高的训练收益。这些发现表明强迫症患者TBW可塑性的改变，可能与难以将过去的经历作为稳定的信息来源以及过度依赖实时感官输入有关。了解这些微脑损伤的改变可能会为强迫症的感觉机制提供新的见解，并为未来基于感觉的干预研究提供信息。

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引用次数: 0