Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000376
Fekadu Mosissa, Biadge Kefala, Yadesa Abeshu
Oats remain an important crop in marginal ecologies, for grain as well as for feed. They are well adapted to a wide range of soil types and can perform better than other small-grain cereals on acid soils. Low soil pH and associated soil infertility problems are considered to be amongst the major challenges to acid sensitive crops production. This study demonstrated that grain type white seeded food oat variety 79 Ab 382 (Tx) 80 SA 94 is superior in grain yield performance on acidic soil in the multilocation trials across the testing environments. It has better agronomic performance and has showed a comparative yield advantage of 5.53% over the mean. Hence, it has been approved for release by the National Variety Release Committee. Therefore, cultivation of the new variety is recommended in highland acid prone areas of the country having similar climatic conditions with the testing sites. The oat variety 79Ab 382 (Tx) 80SA94 contain a high percentage of protein (16.0), fat (8.4) and ash (3.6) which have proved it highly nutritive in comparison to other cereals. Its high lipid content (8.4%) makes it different from other cereals. The mineral content of 79Ab 382 (Tx) 80 SA 94 oat variety was better than other cereals and its calcium content was (156.35 mg l-1). In preparation of injera; mixing ratio of 75% teff and 25% oat (treatment 4) showed an excellent over all acceptance with all injera quality parameters (i.e., texture, colour, odour, taste and eye distribution) at equal level with injera made from teff which is the stable food in the country. Since this underutilized food oat has a better nutritional value than those conventional small seeded cereal crops, it gave an insight to feed the ever-increasing population of the country and solve the demand of raw material for up-coming agro industries.
燕麦在边缘生态中仍然是一种重要的粮食和饲料作物。它们能很好地适应各种土壤类型，在酸性土壤上的表现优于其他小粒谷物。低土壤pH值和相关的土壤不育问题被认为是对酸敏感作物生产的主要挑战之一。在不同试验环境的多地点试验中，籽粒型白籽食用燕麦品种79 Ab 382 (Tx) 80 SA 94在酸性土壤上的籽粒产量表现优异。它具有较好的农艺性能，比平均产量高出5.53%。因此，它已经被国家综艺发行委员会批准上映。因此，建议在气候条件与试验点相似的高原酸易发地区种植新品种。79Ab 382 (Tx) 80SA94燕麦品种含有高比例的蛋白质(16.0)，脂肪(8.4)和灰分(3.6)，与其他谷物相比，它具有很高的营养价值。它的高脂含量(8.4%)使它不同于其他谷物。79Ab 382 (Tx) 80 SA 94的矿物质含量高于其他谷物，其钙含量为(156.35 mg l-1)。在准备英杰拉;75%苔麸和25%燕麦的混合比例(处理4)在所有英杰拉质量参数(即质地，颜色，气味，味道和眼睛分布)的所有接受度都很好，与由该国稳定食品苔麸制成的英杰拉相同。由于这种未被充分利用的粮食燕麦比传统的小种子谷类作物具有更好的营养价值，它为养活该国不断增长的人口和解决未来农业工业对原料的需求提供了见解。
{"title":"Potential of Oats (Avena sativa) for Food Grain Production with its Special Feature of Soil Acidity Tolerance and Nutritional Quality in Central Highlands of Ethiopia","authors":"Fekadu Mosissa, Biadge Kefala, Yadesa Abeshu","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000376","url":null,"abstract":"Oats remain an important crop in marginal ecologies, for grain as well as for feed. They are well adapted to a wide range of soil types and can perform better than other small-grain cereals on acid soils. Low soil pH and associated soil infertility problems are considered to be amongst the major challenges to acid sensitive crops production. This study demonstrated that grain type white seeded food oat variety 79 Ab 382 (Tx) 80 SA 94 is superior in grain yield performance on acidic soil in the multilocation trials across the testing environments. It has better agronomic performance and has showed a comparative yield advantage of 5.53% over the mean. Hence, it has been approved for release by the National Variety Release Committee. Therefore, cultivation of the new variety is recommended in highland acid prone areas of the country having similar climatic conditions with the testing sites. The oat variety 79Ab 382 (Tx) 80SA94 contain a high percentage of protein (16.0), fat (8.4) and ash (3.6) which have proved it highly nutritive in comparison to other cereals. Its high lipid content (8.4%) makes it different from other cereals. The mineral content of 79Ab 382 (Tx) 80 SA 94 oat variety was better than other cereals and its calcium content was (156.35 mg l-1). In preparation of injera; mixing ratio of 75% teff and 25% oat (treatment 4) showed an excellent over all acceptance with all injera quality parameters (i.e., texture, colour, odour, taste and eye distribution) at equal level with injera made from teff which is the stable food in the country. Since this underutilized food oat has a better nutritional value than those conventional small seeded cereal crops, it gave an insight to feed the ever-increasing population of the country and solve the demand of raw material for up-coming agro industries.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78620007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000398
J. Opabode, Iqmot B. Raji
The influences of exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on shoot emergence, growth, fresh shoot weight, physiological parameters, proximate and mineral element contents of green-stemmed morphotype of Solanecio biafrae at early stage were investigated. Stem-cuttings were sprayed with solution containing concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or 100 mg L-1) of BAP a day after planting in plastic pots. Medium (60-70 mg L-1) BAP promoted highest number of shoot per stem-cutting, total number of leaves, total leaf area, shoot to root ratio, total soluble sugars, ash, carbohydrate, leaf Mg and Ca. Intermodal length, phenolic, crude fibre, leaf Na, P and Zn increased as BAP concentration increased. Shoot height, dry weight, chlorophylls a and b, total soluble protein, moisture, crude protein, fresh shoot weight and leaf Fe did not differ significantly (P>0.05) at medium to high (50-100 mg L-1) concentrations of BAP. The study concluded that 60 mg L-1 BAP is the best concentration as it promoted highest number of shoot per stem-cutting, total number of leaves, total leaf area, shoot height, dry weight, fresh shoot weight, shoot to root ratio, chlorophyll a and b, phenolics, total soluble sugars and proteins, crude protein, fat, ash and carbohydrate, leaf K, Mg and Ca.
{"title":"Influence of Exogenous 6-Benzylaminopurine on Growth, Physiological Parameters, Proximate Content and Mineral Element Composition of Pot-Grown Solanecio biafrae","authors":"J. Opabode, Iqmot B. Raji","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000398","url":null,"abstract":"The influences of exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on shoot emergence, growth, fresh shoot weight, physiological parameters, proximate and mineral element contents of green-stemmed morphotype of Solanecio biafrae at early stage were investigated. Stem-cuttings were sprayed with solution containing concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or 100 mg L-1) of BAP a day after planting in plastic pots. Medium (60-70 mg L-1) BAP promoted highest number of shoot per stem-cutting, total number of leaves, total leaf area, shoot to root ratio, total soluble sugars, ash, carbohydrate, leaf Mg and Ca. Intermodal length, phenolic, crude fibre, leaf Na, P and Zn increased as BAP concentration increased. Shoot height, dry weight, chlorophylls a and b, total soluble protein, moisture, crude protein, fresh shoot weight and leaf Fe did not differ significantly (P>0.05) at medium to high (50-100 mg L-1) concentrations of BAP. The study concluded that 60 mg L-1 BAP is the best concentration as it promoted highest number of shoot per stem-cutting, total number of leaves, total leaf area, shoot height, dry weight, fresh shoot weight, shoot to root ratio, chlorophyll a and b, phenolics, total soluble sugars and proteins, crude protein, fat, ash and carbohydrate, leaf K, Mg and Ca.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78018614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000403
S. Muhie
{"title":"Seed Priming with Phytohormones to Improve Germination Under Dormant and Abiotic Stress Conditions","authors":"S. Muhie","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78082877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000394
M. Lamlom, S. I. Abdel-Wahab, T. I. Abdel-Wahab, M. Ibrahim
{"title":"Crop Interference Effects of Some Winter and Summer Field Crops on Egyptian Cotton Characters","authors":"M. Lamlom, S. I. Abdel-Wahab, T. I. Abdel-Wahab, M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000394","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77252676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000343
H. Fikre
Ethiopia stands first in Africa and tenth in the world in its livestock population. In order to attain sustainable production and productivity of the wealth livestock, improved forage production in quality and quantity is highly important. Improved forage production is largely depending on the improved seed production system. To this end, the current review is aimed to summarize the comprehensive information on the potential efforts being made and achievements so far on the improved forage seed production in the country. So far different approaches have been applied to meet the need of improved forage seed production in the country. Among these involving different public institutes, seed producing enterprises, privet sectors, NGOs’ and “farmers” groups are the major one and produced a large amount of forage seed through different seed system. Besides, development of improved varieties and different agronomic practice, capacity building in seed technology and indigenous “germplasms” collection for variety development are also the effort that under took and significantly enhanced the improved forage seed production. Despite these major efforts and achievements, years of work have showed that forage seed production still faced with many problems such as lack of inadequate forage seed research, reliable forage seed production, processing and distribution schemes, less involvement of privet seed producers, lack of information on the national demand for forage seeds, poorly developed seed marketing systems, and lack of financial incentives for seed prices. Therefore, these problems need to intervene properly in order to enhance future improved forage seed production in the country.
{"title":"Efforts Being Made and Success Achieved in Producing Improved Seed of Forage Cops in Ethiopia: Review Article","authors":"H. Fikre","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000343","url":null,"abstract":"Ethiopia stands first in Africa and tenth in the world in its livestock population. In order to attain sustainable production and productivity of the wealth livestock, improved forage production in quality and quantity is highly important. Improved forage production is largely depending on the improved seed production system. To this end, the current review is aimed to summarize the comprehensive information on the potential efforts being made and achievements so far on the improved forage seed production in the country. So far different approaches have been applied to meet the need of improved forage seed production in the country. Among these involving different public institutes, seed producing enterprises, privet sectors, NGOs’ and “farmers” groups are the major one and produced a large amount of forage seed through different seed system. Besides, development of improved varieties and different agronomic practice, capacity building in seed technology and indigenous “germplasms” collection for variety development are also the effort that under took and significantly enhanced the improved forage seed production. Despite these major efforts and achievements, years of work have showed that forage seed production still faced with many problems such as lack of inadequate forage seed research, reliable forage seed production, processing and distribution schemes, less involvement of privet seed producers, lack of information on the national demand for forage seeds, poorly developed seed marketing systems, and lack of financial incentives for seed prices. Therefore, these problems need to intervene properly in order to enhance future improved forage seed production in the country.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86589843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000400
Assefa Gidesa, Minayahil Kebede
{"title":"Integration Effects of Herbicide and Hand Weeding on Grain Yield of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in Assosa, Western Ethiopia","authors":"Assefa Gidesa, Minayahil Kebede","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000400","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90375171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000367
S. Aklilu, G. Ayana, B. Abebie, T. Abdissa
Fifty-four hot pepper germplasm (49 local accessions and 5 AVRDC genotypes) were evaluated for resistance to fusarium wilt in a greenhouse at Melkassa Agricultural Research Centre in Ethiopia. A completely randomized design with three replications was used. Each local accession was also analyzed for associated quality traits of capsaicin and oleoresin content. The overall results indicated that disease incidence ranged from 8 (PBC-731) to 100% for Acc-15. Most local collections exhibited higher disease incidences percent than AVRDC genotypes with an overall mean DI 60%. Based on severity rating (1-5 scale), two accessions (Acc-39 and PBC-731) were highly resistant to wilt with severity ratings of 1 and 14 accessions were found resistant with severity rating scale of 2 whereas 38 accessions were susceptible with severity scale of >3. Capsaicin content percentage ranged from 0.16-0.55%, and heat unit ranged 26372 to 88775 SHU, for Acc-32 and Acc-24, respectively. Oleoresin content in international color unit and ASTA value ranged from 32,800 to 118,840 cu and 82-296 ASTA with an overall mean of 69,704 ICU and 172 ASTA value. The highest color quality colors of greater than 250 ASTA was exhibited by 10 accessions (Acc-4, Acc-5, Acc-6, Acc-7, Acc-24, Acc-27, Acc-33, Acc-34, Acc-39 and Acc-31). This study identified resistance accessions with desirable qualities among the 49 local accessions. These materials also had good wilt resistance potential and could be used as source parents in the future hybridization and for simultaneous selection for Fusarium wilt resistance and high processing quality traits in hot pepper improvement program.
{"title":"Screening for Resistance Sources in Local and Exotic Hot Pepper Genotypes to Fusarium Wilt ( Fusarium oxysporium ) and Associated Quality Traits in Ethiopia","authors":"S. Aklilu, G. Ayana, B. Abebie, T. Abdissa","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000367","url":null,"abstract":"Fifty-four hot pepper germplasm (49 local accessions and 5 AVRDC genotypes) were evaluated for resistance to fusarium wilt in a greenhouse at Melkassa Agricultural Research Centre in Ethiopia. A completely randomized design with three replications was used. Each local accession was also analyzed for associated quality traits of capsaicin and oleoresin content. The overall results indicated that disease incidence ranged from 8 (PBC-731) to 100% for Acc-15. Most local collections exhibited higher disease incidences percent than AVRDC genotypes with an overall mean DI 60%. Based on severity rating (1-5 scale), two accessions (Acc-39 and PBC-731) were highly resistant to wilt with severity ratings of 1 and 14 accessions were found resistant with severity rating scale of 2 whereas 38 accessions were susceptible with severity scale of >3. Capsaicin content percentage ranged from 0.16-0.55%, and heat unit ranged 26372 to 88775 SHU, for Acc-32 and Acc-24, respectively. Oleoresin content in international color unit and ASTA value ranged from 32,800 to 118,840 cu and 82-296 ASTA with an overall mean of 69,704 ICU and 172 ASTA value. The highest color quality colors of greater than 250 ASTA was exhibited by 10 accessions (Acc-4, Acc-5, Acc-6, Acc-7, Acc-24, Acc-27, Acc-33, Acc-34, Acc-39 and Acc-31). This study identified resistance accessions with desirable qualities among the 49 local accessions. These materials also had good wilt resistance potential and could be used as source parents in the future hybridization and for simultaneous selection for Fusarium wilt resistance and high processing quality traits in hot pepper improvement program.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89320369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000380
M. Sharifi
Corn is one of the three major cereals and the output has followed that wheat through the word. Especially in developing countries, corn grain is quite important as a food. Although corn production has been rapidly increased by the breeding, there are many cases in which the yield is low because of insufficient use of fertilizes in these countries, under such background, the practice of a crop rotation including leguminous green manure crop seems to be desirable. In this study nitrogen supplying capacity form hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth. HV) to corn was examined. The experiment was carried out from 2017-2018 at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture Kabul University, Kabul Afghanistan. Four treatments; incorporation of HV residue (B), mulching of HV residue on the inter-rows of corn (C), chemical fertilizer (D), and control (A), were set with three replications. 180 Mohammad Zarif Sharifi, Mohammad Shoaib Ahmadi, Zabihullah Jalali Incorporation of HV residue may be able to supply inorganic nitrogen of 130 ͠ 150 kg N ha -1 to the succeeding corn, since it was reported that 40 ͠ 50 % of HV nitrogen was mineralized in soil within 3 months after the incorporation. Above-ground dry matter (AGB) of the corn has always reached at 20 mg even in control, which was due to rather high soil fertility of the field, but it become significantly higher in both HV treatments, B and C, after the silky stage corresponding to the D plot. It was estimated that HV residue could supply 40% of nitrogen demand by corn. These results designate that the nitrogen balance for corn production well be drastically improved by using HV cultivation in winter season.
玉米是世界三大谷物之一，产量仅次于小麦。特别是在发展中国家，玉米谷物作为一种食物是相当重要的。虽然通过育种使玉米产量迅速增加，但在这些国家，由于肥料使用不足而导致产量低的情况很多，在这种背景下，包括豆科绿肥作物在内的作物轮作做法似乎是可取的。本文研究了毛杨的供氮能力。HV)对玉米进行了检测。该实验于2017-2018年在阿富汗喀布尔大学农业学院研究农场进行。四个治疗;施用HV渣(B)、玉米行间覆盖HV渣(C)、化肥(D)和对照(A)，设3个重复。由于据报道，在掺入HV残留物后的3个月内，土壤中40% ~ 50%的HV氮矿化，因此掺入HV残留物可能能够为后续玉米提供130 ~ 150 kg N / 1的无机氮。玉米地上部干物质(AGB)即使在对照中也一直达到20 mg，这是由于田间土壤肥力较高，但在与D地块对应的丝期之后，HV处理B和C的AGB都显著升高。据估计，HV渣可满足玉米需氮量的40%。这些结果表明，冬季采用HV栽培可显著改善玉米生产氮素平衡。
{"title":"Effects of Green Manure (Hairy Vetch) Management Ways on Corn Growth and Grain Yield","authors":"M. Sharifi","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000380","url":null,"abstract":"Corn is one of the three major cereals and the output has followed that wheat through the word. Especially in developing countries, corn grain is quite important as a food. Although corn production has been rapidly increased by the breeding, there are many cases in which the yield is low because of insufficient use of fertilizes in these countries, under such background, the practice of a crop rotation including leguminous green manure crop seems to be desirable. In this study nitrogen supplying capacity form hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth. HV) to corn was examined. The experiment was carried out from 2017-2018 at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture Kabul University, Kabul Afghanistan. Four treatments; incorporation of HV residue (B), mulching of HV residue on the inter-rows of corn (C), chemical fertilizer (D), and control (A), were set with three replications. 180 Mohammad Zarif Sharifi, Mohammad Shoaib Ahmadi, Zabihullah Jalali Incorporation of HV residue may be able to supply inorganic nitrogen of 130 ͠ 150 kg N ha -1 to the succeeding corn, since it was reported that 40 ͠ 50 % of HV nitrogen was mineralized in soil within 3 months after the incorporation. Above-ground dry matter (AGB) of the corn has always reached at 20 mg even in control, which was due to rather high soil fertility of the field, but it become significantly higher in both HV treatments, B and C, after the silky stage corresponding to the D plot. It was estimated that HV residue could supply 40% of nitrogen demand by corn. These results designate that the nitrogen balance for corn production well be drastically improved by using HV cultivation in winter season.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88494774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Declining soil fertility is one of the major problems causing yield reduction of food barley in West Showa. Therefore, considering this in view field experiment was carried out to determine the combined effects of farm yard manure (FYM) and inorganic NPS on growth, yield and yield components of food barley at Toke Kutaye District. The experiment was laid in randomized complete block design with four replications. Generally, analysis of variance showed significant difference among treatments for most of traits recorded. Markedly, application of 12 t FYM ha-1 combined with NPS (33.4:66.6% NPS:FYM) gave higher number of tillers from 0.25 m-2 was 270 effective tiller and 13 effective tiller plant-1) gave the respective. The higher plant height (90 cm) was obtained from the application 75:25% NPS:FYM. Higher panicle length, panicle weight and total kernel weight of barley were recorded with application 50:50% NPS:FYM. The higher grain and biomass yield (6496 and 15917 kg ha-1) of barley were harvested from 66.6:33.4% NPS:FYM at Dada Galan kebele; in Toke Kutaye District. Application of 66.6:33.4% NPS:FYM gave optimum yield and economic return and recommended for barley production in this area and similar agro-ecologies.
土壤肥力下降是造成西昭和食用大麦减产的主要问题之一。为此，本研究在Toke Kutaye地区开展了农家肥与无机NPS联合施用对食用大麦生长、产量及产量组成的影响试验。试验采用随机完全区组设计，设4个重复。总体上，方差分析表明，所记录的大部分性状在处理间差异显著。12 t FYM hm -1配以NPS (33.4:66.6% NPS:FYM)的分蘖数显著高于0.25 m-2，分别为270个有效分蘖和13个有效分蘖。NPS:FYM比例为75:25%时株高最高(90 cm)。NPS:FYM用量为50:50%时，大麦穗长、穗重和总粒重较高。达达加兰科贝勒在66.6:33.4% NPS:FYM条件下收获的大麦籽粒和生物量产量最高(6496和15917 kg hm -1);在Toke Kutaye区。66.6:33.4% NPS:FYM可获得最佳产量和经济效益，推荐用于该地区和类似农业生态的大麦生产。
{"title":"Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Food Barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) Variety in Toke Kutaye District, West Showa Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Tariku Beyene Dinka, Tolera Abera Goshu, Ermiyias Habte Haile","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000365","url":null,"abstract":"Declining soil fertility is one of the major problems causing yield reduction of food barley in West Showa. Therefore, considering this in view field experiment was carried out to determine the combined effects of farm yard manure (FYM) and inorganic NPS on growth, yield and yield components of food barley at Toke Kutaye District. The experiment was laid in randomized complete block design with four replications. Generally, analysis of variance showed significant difference among treatments for most of traits recorded. Markedly, application of 12 t FYM ha-1 combined with NPS (33.4:66.6% NPS:FYM) gave higher number of tillers from 0.25 m-2 was 270 effective tiller and 13 effective tiller plant-1) gave the respective. The higher plant height (90 cm) was obtained from the application 75:25% NPS:FYM. Higher panicle length, panicle weight and total kernel weight of barley were recorded with application 50:50% NPS:FYM. The higher grain and biomass yield (6496 and 15917 kg ha-1) of barley were harvested from 66.6:33.4% NPS:FYM at Dada Galan kebele; in Toke Kutaye District. Application of 66.6:33.4% NPS:FYM gave optimum yield and economic return and recommended for barley production in this area and similar agro-ecologies.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91061555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000335
G. Dereje, Tigist Adisu, Adise Dimberu
The effects of seed rate and row spacing on yield and yield components of tef (Eragrostis tef) were studied on the Nitisols of Assosa, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State. Three levels of seed rate (5, 10 and 15 kg ha-1) factorially combined with three rows spaces (15, 20, 25 cm) and an additional plot of broadcast of tef seed at 25 kg ha-1 as a standard check making a total of 10 treatments. They were laid out in a factorial RCBD with three replications. Significant influence on the grain yield of tef due to treatment application was recorded on trial locations. The maximum grain yield (1216.8 kg ha-1) was obtained from application of 10 kg seed per hectare and 25 cm spacing between rows. Grain yield highly significantly increased from 973.8 to 1216.8 kg ha-1 with decrease in the seed rate from the broadcast 25 to 10 kg ha-1 due to the fact that tef tillers, as there is enough space. 10 kg seed ha-1 with 25 cm spacing would be more suitable practices for attaining optimum grain yield for tef at the study area.
在本尚古尔-古木兹州阿索萨地区的土土上，研究了播种率和行距对油菜产量和产量构成的影响。三个水平的种子率(5、10和15 kg hm -1)与三行间距(15、20、25 cm)和另外一块以25 kg hm -1撒播tef种子作为标准对照，共10个处理。他们被放置在一个阶乘RCBD中，有三个重复。试验地点记录了施用处理对tef籽粒产量的显著影响。每公顷施用种子10公斤，行间距25厘米，籽粒产量最高(1216.8 kg hm -1)。籽粒产量从973.8 kg ha-1显著提高到1216.8 kg ha-1，播种量从25 kg ha-1下降到10 kg ha-1，这是由于分蘖体有足够的空间而导致的。在研究区，10 kg种子每公顷、25 cm间距是获得最佳籽粒产量的较适宜措施。
{"title":"Influence of Seed Rate and Row Spacing on Growth and Yield of Tef ( Eragrostis tef) Production at Assosa, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia","authors":"G. Dereje, Tigist Adisu, Adise Dimberu","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000335","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of seed rate and row spacing on yield and yield components of tef (Eragrostis tef) were studied on the Nitisols of Assosa, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State. Three levels of seed rate (5, 10 and 15 kg ha-1) factorially combined with three rows spaces (15, 20, 25 cm) and an additional plot of broadcast of tef seed at 25 kg ha-1 as a standard check making a total of 10 treatments. They were laid out in a factorial RCBD with three replications. Significant influence on the grain yield of tef due to treatment application was recorded on trial locations. The maximum grain yield (1216.8 kg ha-1) was obtained from application of 10 kg seed per hectare and 25 cm spacing between rows. Grain yield highly significantly increased from 973.8 to 1216.8 kg ha-1 with decrease in the seed rate from the broadcast 25 to 10 kg ha-1 due to the fact that tef tillers, as there is enough space. 10 kg seed ha-1 with 25 cm spacing would be more suitable practices for attaining optimum grain yield for tef at the study area.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83820406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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