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Retained Austenite Transformation and Portevin–Le Chatelier Effect in 44CrMn2Si2Mo Steel under Tension 44CrMn2Si2Mo钢拉伸后残余奥氏体相变及Portevin-Le Chatelier效应
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1134/S1029959924060043
S. I. Borisov, Yu. I. Borisova, E. S. Tkachev, S. M. Gaidar, R. O. Kaibyshev

The 44CrMn2Si2Mo steel heat treated by quenching and partitioning demonstrates a unique combination of strength characteristics: the yield stress σ0.2 = 1140 MPa, ultimate strength σВ = 1690 MPa, and elongation δ = 20.7%. Quenching and partitioning leads to the formation of a multiphase structure consisting of primary martensite, retained austenite, bainite, and secondary martensite. Primary martensite and bainite contain transition-metal carbides Fe2C. The high ductility of the steel is due to the transformation of retained austenite into strain-induced martensite during tension, which ensures high strain hardening. Stable plastic flow is observed at low strain, when a significant fraction of retained austenite is transformed into strain-induced martensite. The plastic flow instability, which appears as the Portevin–Le Chatelier effect on deformation curves and plastic flow localization in deformation bands, occurs at higher strains and is associated with the transformation of film-like retained austenite. The velocity of deformation bands decreases with a decrease in the volume fraction of retained austenite. Localization of plastic flow in the neck and fracture occur when the transformation of retained austenite into strain-induced martensite cannot provide strain hardening, and deformation bands lose their mobility.

经淬火和分割热处理的44CrMn2Si2Mo钢表现出独特的综合强度特征:屈服应力σ0.2 = 1140 MPa,极限强度σВ = 1690 MPa,延伸率δ = 20.7%。淬火和分块导致形成由初生马氏体、残余奥氏体、贝氏体和次生马氏体组成的多相组织。初生马氏体和贝氏体含有过渡金属碳化物Fe2C。钢的高延展性是由于残余奥氏体在拉伸过程中转变为应变诱发马氏体,这保证了高应变硬化。在低应变条件下,大量残余奥氏体转变为应变诱导马氏体,形成稳定的塑性流动。塑性流动不稳定性表现为变形曲线上的Portevin-Le Chatelier效应和变形带中的塑性流动局部化,发生在较高应变下,并与膜状残余奥氏体的转变有关。变形带的速度随残余奥氏体体积分数的减小而减小。当残余奥氏体向应变诱导马氏体的转变不能提供应变硬化,变形带失去流动性时,塑性流动在颈部局部化并发生断裂。
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引用次数: 0
Radial Dependences of the Phase Composition, Nanohardness, and Young’s Modulus for Ti–2 wt % Fe Alloy after High-Pressure Torsion Ti-2 wt % Fe合金高压扭转后相组成、纳米硬度和杨氏模量的径向依赖性
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1134/S1029959924060018
A. S. Gornakova, S. I. Prokofjev, N. S. Afonikova, A. I. Tyurin, A. R. Kilmametov, A. V. Korneva, B. B. Straumal

The specimens of Ti–2 wt % Fe alloy were annealed at three different temperatures, in the β-Ti, α-Ti + β-Ti and α-Ti + TiFe fields of the Ti–Fe phase diagram, then water quenched and subjected to high-pressure torsion (HPT). The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the main phase in all annealed specimens was the α phase (more than 90%), while the main phase after HPT was the ω phase. Hardness H and Young’s modulus E were determined by nanoindentation at the center, in the middle of the radius, and near the edge of each specimen. It was found that the H and E values were different for specimens annealed at different temperatures and depended on the radial coordinate of the indentation region. The maximum H values were obtained in the middle of the radius of the specimens. The E values of all specimens decreased from the center to the edge, reaching very low values. The paper discusses structure transformations during HPT, the behavior of the radial dependences of H and E, and probable causes of a strong decrease in E values.

将Ti-2 wt % Fe合金试样分别在Ti-Fe相图的β-Ti、α-Ti + β-Ti和α-Ti + TiFe三种不同温度下退火,然后进行水淬和高压扭转。x射线衍射分析表明,所有退火试样的主要相均为α相(占90%以上),而高温热处理后的主要相为ω相。硬度H和杨氏模量E是通过在每个试样的中心、半径中间和靠近边缘的纳米压痕来测定的。结果表明,不同温度退火试样的H和E值不同,且与压痕区域的径向坐标有关。最大H值出现在试样半径的中间。各试样的E值从中心到边缘逐渐减小,达到很低的值。本文讨论了HPT过程中的结构转变,H和E的径向依赖行为,以及E值强烈下降的可能原因。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanical Properties and Fracture of Ultrafine-Grained Near β Titanium Alloy under Three-Point Bending 超细晶近β钛合金三点弯曲力学性能及断裂
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1134/S1029959924060109
E. V. Naydenkin, I. P. Mishin, I. V. Ratochka, B. B. Straumal, O. V. Zabudchenko, O. N. Lykova, A. I. Manisheva

Comparative studies are conducted on the structure and mechanical properties of the ultrafine-grained Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-1Cr-1Fe alloy obtained by abc pressing and radial shear rolling with subsequent aging. It is shown that the ultrafine-grained structure formed by these methods provides increased strength properties under both tension and three-point bending compared to the initial coarse-grained state. At the same time, the alloy obtained by abc pressing demonstrates a higher fracture resistance during three-point bending compared to the alloy obtained by radial shear rolling + aging due to its enhanced ductility. This also determines the ductile fracture pattern of the ultrafine-grained alloy obtained by abc pressing during three-point bending in contrast to ductile-brittle fracture of the alloy obtained by radial shear rolling + aging.

对比研究了abc压制和径向剪切轧制后时效制备的超细晶Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-1Cr-1Fe合金的组织和力学性能。结果表明,在拉伸和三点弯曲条件下形成的超细晶组织比初始的粗晶组织具有更高的强度性能。同时,与径向剪切轧制+时效制得的合金相比,abc压制制得的合金具有更高的三点弯曲抗断裂性能,其延展性得到了增强。这也决定了三点弯曲abc压制获得的超细晶合金的韧性断裂模式,与径向剪切轧制+时效获得的合金的韧性-脆性断裂模式形成对比。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Preliminary Deformation on the Formation of Ultrafine-Grained Structure during Equal Channel Angular Pressing of Magnesium Alloys 等径角挤压过程中预变形对镁合金超细晶组织形成的影响
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1134/S1029959924060055
A. V. Botkin, R. Z. Valiev, E. P. Volkova, G. D. Khudododova, R. Ebrahimi

The formation of ultrafine-grained structure is very desirable in the microstructural design of magnesium alloys, in particular Mg-Zn-Ca medical alloy, for a substantial increase in their strength and corrosion resistance. However, conventional processing of these alloys by equal channel angular pressing is not easily applicable due to their low deformability, which often leads to rapid fracture of billets. In this paper, computer simulation data and principles of physical mesomechanics are used to demonstrate that preliminary deformation of Mg alloy billets by reduction at high temperatures and low strain rates significantly increases their deformation capacity and enables equal channel angular pressing at lower temperatures, resulting in billets with ultrafine-grained structure. Consideration is given to the physical nature of the established effect.

超细晶组织的形成是镁合金,特别是镁锌钙医用合金微观组织设计中非常需要的,它可以大幅提高镁合金的强度和耐腐蚀性。然而,由于这些合金的变形性较低,通常会导致坯料的快速断裂,因此采用等道角压的传统加工方法不容易适用。本文利用计算机模拟数据和物理细观力学原理,证明了镁合金坯料在高温低应变速率下进行预变形,显著提高了坯料的变形能力,并在较低温度下实现了等径角挤压,使坯料具有超细晶组织。考虑到所建立的效果的物理性质。
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引用次数: 0
Role of Nanosized Rotational Vortices in Cold Deformation of Metallic Glasses by the Example of Alloy Vit105 纳米旋转涡在金属玻璃冷变形中的作用——以Vit105合金为例
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1134/S1029959924060031
Vas. V. Astanin, E. A. Korznikova, D. V. Gunderov, V. V. Astanin, S. V. Dmitriev, J. Bhatt

The experimental data on the deformation of amorphous alloy Vit105 (Zr52.5Cu17.9Al10Ni14.6Ti5) and its molecular dynamics simulation gave birth to new ideas about the mechanism of plastic deformation of disordered structures. A special method of torsion under hydrostatic pressure allows forming a developed deformation relief on the surface of polished specimens. Inspection of the relief points to the formation of shear bands on the surface, which can merge or branch, freely intersect or be arrested by an obstacle, forming a delta of small shear bands. Simulations based on the Morse pair potential made it possible to build a two-dimensional amorphous model and study its deformation at the atomic level. Under loading, material parts are displaced due to the appearance of atomic-scale vortices in the shear band layer by means of free volume, which is a structural feature of amorphous materials. A vortex causes redistribution of stress fields, which, when added to external stresses, are capable of activating similar vortices in the neighboring zones of the material, both in the direction of the applied stresses and along the vortex axis. In the latter case, a vortex tube is formed, which acts by the tornado mechanism. Shear is induced by the tube motion in the direction of principle shear stresses, and traces on the specimen surface are made by its screw component. An increase in the number of vortex tubes and their interaction causes a deformation band. Though playing the role of dislocations, vortex tubes are independent of specific crystalline planes and can move in arbitrary directions. This explains the experimentally observed features of deformation of amorphous alloys.

非晶合金Vit105 (Zr52.5Cu17.9Al10Ni14.6Ti5)的变形实验数据及其分子动力学模拟,为无序结构塑性变形机理的研究提供了新的思路。在静水压力下,一种特殊的扭转方法允许在抛光试样表面形成发达的变形浮雕。对地形起伏的检查表明,地表上形成了剪切带,这些剪切带可以合并或分支,自由相交或被障碍物阻挡,形成了一个由小剪切带组成的三角洲。基于莫尔斯对势的模拟使建立二维非晶模型并在原子水平上研究其变形成为可能。在载荷作用下,由于剪切带层中原子尺度涡旋的出现,材料部件通过自由体积发生位移,这是非晶材料的结构特征。涡旋引起应力场的重新分布,当加上外部应力时,能够在材料的邻近区域激活类似的涡旋,无论是在施加应力的方向上还是沿着涡旋轴。在后一种情况下,形成旋涡管,旋涡管由龙卷风机制起作用。剪切是由管材沿主剪应力方向运动引起的,在试件表面的痕迹是由其螺杆部件造成的。旋涡管数量的增加及其相互作用会产生变形带。涡旋管虽然起着位错的作用,但它独立于特定的晶体平面,可以向任意方向移动。这解释了实验观察到的非晶合金的变形特征。
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引用次数: 0
Mathematical Modeling of Complex-Shape Forming of Ultrafine-Grained Ti Alloy and Subsequent Deposition of Protective High-Entropy Coatings 超细晶钛合金复杂形状成形及高熵防护涂层沉积的数学模型
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1134/S1029959924060092
R. R. Valiev, A. V. Oleinik, R. N. Asfandiyarov, A. Yu. Nazarov, K. N. Ramazanov, Ya. N. Savina, A. R. Kilmametov

The paper reports on finite element simulation of extrusion of a complex-shaped billet from the ultrafine-grained Ti-6Al-4V alloy and vacuum-arc deposition of a protective coating based on the TiVZrCrAl high-entropy alloy. Temperature fields formed in the billet during extrusion are studied. Deformation heating and the necessary forming force are determined for the initial temperature-rate conditions. The strain rate distribution in the billet during extrusion is also analyzed. According to the obtained data, the chosen temperature-rate conditions allow using the ultrafine-grained titanium alloy as the initial billet without deteriorating its mechanical characteristics. Computer simulation of the coating deposition on the complex-shaped billet provides values of the temperature, chemical composition, and thickness of the high-entropy coating. Thus, the coating thickness varies within 6.5–7.5 μm, and the surface is heated during deposition to 368–597°C, which allows maintaining the ultrafine-grained structure in the alloy.

采用有限元方法模拟了Ti-6Al-4V超细晶合金复杂形状坯料的挤压成形和基于TiVZrCrAl高熵合金的保护涂层的真空弧沉积过程。研究了坯料在挤压过程中形成的温度场。在初始温度速率条件下,确定了变形加热和必要的成形力。分析了挤压过程中坯料的应变速率分布。根据所获得的数据,所选择的温度速率条件允许超细晶钛合金作为初始坯料,而不会影响其力学性能。在复杂形状坯料上的涂层沉积的计算机模拟提供了高熵涂层的温度、化学成分和厚度的值。因此,涂层厚度在6.5 ~ 7.5 μm之间变化,并且在沉积过程中将表面加热到368 ~ 597℃,可以保持合金的超细晶组织。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Vanadium-Alloying on Microstructural Evolution and Strengthening Mechanisms of High-Nitrogen Steel Processed by High-Pressure Torsion 钒合金化对高压扭转高氮钢组织演变及强化机制的影响
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1134/S1029959924060110
E. G. Astafurova, G. G. Maier, S. V. Astafurov

We study the effect of high-pressure torsion on the microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, and strengthening mechanisms of high-nitrogen austenitic steels with different vanadium content: Fe-23Cr-19Mn-0.2C-0.5N, Fe-19Cr-21Mn-1.3V-0.3C-0.8N, and Fe-18Cr-23Mn-2.6V-0.3C-0.8N, wt %. Regardless of the chemical composition of the steels, high-pressure torsion (HPT) causes the refinement of their microstructure due to a high density of dislocations, twin boundaries, and shear bands. Vanadium alloying decreases the stacking fault probability in the structure of the steels and changes their dominating deformation mechanism under high-pressure torsion: from planar dislocation slip and twinning in the vanadium-free steel to dislocation slip with a tendency to shear band formation in the vanadium-alloyed steels. An increase in the vanadium content forces precipitation hardening. Thus, after HPT, the V-alloyed steels have a higher microhardness as compared to the vanadium-free one. Different strengthening factors (strain hardening, solid solution hardening, and precipitation strengthening) govern the value and kinetics of growth of microhardness of the steels processed by high-pressure torsion. Vanadium alloying and increasing its content result in the growth of the contribution of precipitation hardening and decreases strain hardening of high-nitrogen steels.

研究了不同钒含量Fe-23Cr-19Mn-0.2C-0.5N、Fe-19Cr-21Mn-1.3V-0.3C-0.8N和Fe-18Cr-23Mn-2.6V-0.3C-0.8N高氮奥氏体钢的高压扭转对其显微组织、相组成、显微硬度和强化机制的影响。无论钢的化学成分如何,高压扭转(HPT)由于高密度的位错、孪晶界和剪切带而导致其微观结构的细化。钒合金化降低了钢组织中的层错概率,改变了钢在高压扭转作用下的主要变形机制:由无钒钢中的平面位错滑移和孪晶转变为含钒钢中的位错滑移并有剪切带形成的趋势。钒含量的增加促使析出硬化。因此,经过高温热处理后,v合金钢比无钒合金钢具有更高的显微硬度。不同的强化因素(应变硬化、固溶硬化和析出强化)控制高压扭转钢显微硬度的数值和增长动力学。钒合金化和钒含量的增加使高氮钢的析出硬化贡献增大,降低了应变硬化。
{"title":"Effect of Vanadium-Alloying on Microstructural Evolution and Strengthening Mechanisms of High-Nitrogen Steel Processed by High-Pressure Torsion","authors":"E. G. Astafurova,&nbsp;G. G. Maier,&nbsp;S. V. Astafurov","doi":"10.1134/S1029959924060110","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959924060110","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the effect of high-pressure torsion on the microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, and strengthening mechanisms of high-nitrogen austenitic steels with different vanadium content: Fe-23Cr-19Mn-0.2C-0.5N, Fe-19Cr-21Mn-1.3V-0.3C-0.8N, and Fe-18Cr-23Mn-2.6V-0.3C-0.8N, wt %. Regardless of the chemical composition of the steels, high-pressure torsion (HPT) causes the refinement of their microstructure due to a high density of dislocations, twin boundaries, and shear bands. Vanadium alloying decreases the stacking fault probability in the structure of the steels and changes their dominating deformation mechanism under high-pressure torsion: from planar dislocation slip and twinning in the vanadium-free steel to dislocation slip with a tendency to shear band formation in the vanadium-alloyed steels. An increase in the vanadium content forces precipitation hardening. Thus, after HPT, the V-alloyed steels have a higher microhardness as compared to the vanadium-free one. Different strengthening factors (strain hardening, solid solution hardening, and precipitation strengthening) govern the value and kinetics of growth of microhardness of the steels processed by high-pressure torsion. Vanadium alloying and increasing its content result in the growth of the contribution of precipitation hardening and decreases strain hardening of high-nitrogen steels.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"27 and Elena V. Bobruk","pages":"747 - 759"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S1029959924060110.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Functional and Mechanical Characteristics of Ultrafine-Grained Fe-Mn-Si Alloys for Biomedical Applications 生物医学用超细晶铁锰硅合金的功能和力学特性
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1134/S1029959924060080
O. V. Rybalchenko, N. S. Martynenko, G. V. Rybalchenko, E. A. Lukyanova, V. S. Komarov, M. A. Kaplan, A. N. Belyakov, P. D. Dolzhenko, I. V. Shchetinin, A. G. Raab, S. V. Dobatkin, S. D. Prokoshkin

This work examines the possibility of regulating the corrosion rate of Fe-Mn-Si alloys by modifying their structure via equal channel angular pressing. It is found that the formed ultrafine-grained austenitic structure of Fe-Mn-Si alloys leads to a significant increase in strength characteristics at satisfactory ductility. The presence of special twin boundaries in the structure of Fe-Mn-Si alloys improves their corrosion resistance, while a predominantly grain-subgrain structure in the absence of twin boundaries increases the corrosion rate up to 0.4 mm/year. The shape memory effect in the studied alloys manifests itself at temperatures unacceptable for medical use. Structure refinement by equal channel angular pressing in modes that ensure a completely austenitic state leads to a decrease in shape memory properties.

本工作考察了通过等通道角压改变铁锰硅合金结构来调节其腐蚀速率的可能性。结果表明,Fe-Mn-Si合金形成的超细晶奥氏体组织使合金的强度特性显著提高,且塑性良好。Fe-Mn-Si合金中特殊孪晶边界的存在提高了其耐蚀性,而在没有孪晶边界的情况下,主要的晶粒-亚晶结构使腐蚀速率提高到0.4 mm/年。所研究合金的形状记忆效应在不适合医疗使用的温度下表现出来。在确保完全奥氏体状态的模式下,通过等通道角压来优化结构会导致形状记忆性能的降低。
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引用次数: 0
Performance of Twinning-Induced Plasticity Steel Processed by Multipass Equal Channel Angular Pressing at High Temperatures 高温多道次等径角压制孪晶塑性钢的性能
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1134/S1029959924060079
N. A. Enikeev, M. M. Abramova, I. V. Smirnov, A. M. Mavlyutov, J. G. Kim, C. S. Lee, H. S. Kim

The present paper deals with twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels with the microstructure refined by severe plastic deformation via equal channel angular pressing and explores the mechanical behavior of steel with qualitatively different microstructures formed in the temperature range 400–900°C. Mechanical characteristics of the steel in different structural states are studied in static tensile tests, biaxial and dynamic tests. Structural changes in the material during severe deformation at different temperatures are discussed, and their effect on the mechanical parameters of TWIP steel is considered. High temperatures of equal channel angular pressing allow for more homogeneous recrystallized structures, which ensure the best combination of the yield stress, formability, plasticity, and crack resistance. These findings can be important in developing high-performance steels for the automotive and hydrogen industries.

本文研究了经等径角挤压剧烈塑性变形细化组织的孪晶诱导塑性钢(TWIP),并探讨了在400 ~ 900℃温度范围内形成的不同组织的钢的力学行为。通过静拉伸试验、双轴拉伸试验和动态拉伸试验,研究了钢在不同结构状态下的力学特性。讨论了材料在不同温度下剧烈变形时的组织变化,并考虑了这些变化对TWIP钢力学参数的影响。等通道角压的高温允许更均匀的再结晶结构,从而确保屈服应力,成形性,塑性和抗裂性的最佳组合。这些发现对于开发用于汽车和氢工业的高性能钢材具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Asymmetric Rolling on the Structure and Properties of Cu-Cr-Zr Alloys 不对称轧制对Cu-Cr-Zr合金组织和性能的影响
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1134/S1029959924060067
D. A. Aksenov, G. I. Raab, A. G. Raab, A. M. Pesin, H. Yu

Asymmetric rolling is a high-tech method based on the principles of severe plastic deformation. In the present paper, it is shown that Cu-0.8Cr-0.1Zr alloy is highly strengthened during asymmetric rolling due to structure refinement to an ultrafine-grained state. For example, in only one pass, at the accumulated strain 0.94 ± 0.20, the strength increases from 265 to 425 MPa. During the deformation process, the structure becomes refined, with the average size of fragments reaching 235 ± 90 nm. Structure heterogeneity is also observed in the cross section of a sample, which is associated with different rotation speeds of the rolls. The shape of grains in the central zone of samples corresponds to the state after conventional symmetric rolling. However, in the zone adjacent to the roll rotating at a higher speed, mechanical texture of grains is similar to that after shear. Subsequent aging of Cu-0.8Cr-0.1Zr alloy at 450°C makes it possible to achieve the ultimate strength 560 MPa and electrical conductivity 82% IACS, which exceeds the characteristics of the strengthened steel by 10–15%. The analysis of contributions to strengthening during asymmetric rolling reveals that the main contribution comes from the refinement of the grain structure to an ultrafine-grained state, which amounts to 58%. The fractions of the dislocation and dispersion contributions comprise 15 and 20%, respectively. Compared to conventional rolling, as well as other deformation methods that provide the same level of accumulated strain and strengthening in one cycle, such as equal channel angular pressing-conform, asymmetric rolling is the most promising due to its simpler process scheme.

非对称轧制是一种基于剧烈塑性变形原理的高科技轧制方法。结果表明,Cu-0.8Cr-0.1Zr合金在非对称轧制过程中,由于组织细化到超细晶状态,得到了高强度的强化。例如,在累积应变为0.94±0.20时,仅经过一次,强度从265增加到425 MPa。在变形过程中,结构变得细化,碎片的平均尺寸达到235±90 nm。在试样的横截面上也观察到结构的不均匀性,这与轧辊的不同转速有关。样品中心区域的晶粒形状与常规对称轧制后的状态相对应。而在辊转速较高的相邻区域,晶粒的力学织构与剪切后相似。经450℃时效处理后,Cu-0.8Cr-0.1Zr合金的极限强度达到560 MPa,电导率达到82% IACS,比强化钢的性能提高了10-15%。对非对称轧制强化的贡献分析表明,非对称轧制强化的主要贡献来自于晶粒细化到超细晶态,占58%。位错和色散的贡献分别占15%和20%。与传统轧制以及其他在一个周期内提供相同水平的累积应变和强化的变形方法(如等道角压-符合)相比,非对称轧制因其更简单的工艺方案而最有前途。
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引用次数: 0
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