Pub Date : 2017-05-11DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000223
Dimitrios Noutsopoulos, A. Mitsioni
Volume 5 • Issue 2 • 1000223 Adv Tech Biol Med, an open access journal ISSN: 2379-1764 When Human Genome Project was completed, some unthinkable issues came to the fore. In contrast to the anticipations, the genic counterpart made up a mere ~2% of the genome. More surprisingly, it became evident the extent of the repetitive DNA, and we now know that it consists the most part of human genome [1,2].
{"title":"Retrotransposons and Complex Diseases: Is it Time for a Retrotransposon-Based âÂÂOmicsâ Profiling approach to Elucidate the Origins of Pathogenesis?","authors":"Dimitrios Noutsopoulos, A. Mitsioni","doi":"10.4172/2379-1764.1000223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2379-1764.1000223","url":null,"abstract":"Volume 5 • Issue 2 • 1000223 Adv Tech Biol Med, an open access journal ISSN: 2379-1764 When Human Genome Project was completed, some unthinkable issues came to the fore. In contrast to the anticipations, the genic counterpart made up a mere ~2% of the genome. More surprisingly, it became evident the extent of the repetitive DNA, and we now know that it consists the most part of human genome [1,2].","PeriodicalId":7277,"journal":{"name":"Advanced techniques in biology & medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73337942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-25DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000222
H. K. Kim, J. Fern, Ez, S. Mirjalili
Background: It has remained controversial on whether excessive loadings imposed on the ankle and foot complex during long-distance running have a deleterious effect. The aim of this systematic review is to determine whether long-distance running causes any visible changes of the ankle and foot on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Ovid Medline were searched using key terms in relation to MRI findings of the ankle and foot in response to long-distance running, published between 1990 and 2016. The final search was conducted on 19 September, 2016. Studies were identified using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using a modified Quality Index. Results: The database search initially produced 551 articles and it was screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally resulting in four articles. Edema was reported in the talus, tibia, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid and cuneiforms. A significant alteration in signal intensity and/or edema was appeared in the calcaneus at the Achilles insertion point, intraosseous and subcutaneous over long-distance running. The diameter of Achilles tendon was also significantly increased. However, when comparing between race finishers and non-finishers, the plantar aponeurosis and subcutaneous were only significantly different, reporting a high rate of edema in non-finishers. Additionally, one study adopted T2* mapping and found significant alteration in T2* values in tibiotalar cartilage, but the value was unexpectedly decreased in the middle of long-distance running. Conclusion: This is the first systematic review to determine the effect of long-distance running on the ankle and foot using MRI. It shows that long-distance running may cause subtle pathological and biochemical changes in the ankle and foot, including the talus, tibia, the distal and proximal group of tarsal bones, 5th metatarsals, soft tissues and the Achilles tendons. However, there is no evidence that these changes have clinical relevance.
背景:在长跑过程中对踝关节和足部的过度负荷是否会产生有害影响，这一问题一直存在争议。本系统综述的目的是确定长跑是否会在磁共振成像(MRI)上引起脚踝和足部的任何可见变化。方法:检索Scopus、Web of Science、Embase和Ovid Medline，检索1990年至2016年间发表的与长跑时踝关节和足部MRI结果相关的关键词。最终搜索于2016年9月19日进行。采用纳入和排除标准确定研究。采用改进的质量指数评估方法学质量。结果:数据库检索最初产生551篇文章，根据纳入和排除标准进行筛选，最终得到4篇文章。距骨、胫骨、跟骨、舟骨、长方体和楔形骨均出现水肿。长距离跑步时，跟腱插入点、骨内和皮下的跟骨出现明显的信号强度改变和/或水肿。跟腱直径也明显增加。然而，当比较完赛者和未完赛者时，足底腱膜和皮下只有显着差异，未完赛者的水肿率很高。另外，有一项研究采用T2*作图，发现胫距软骨的T2*值发生了明显的改变，但在长跑过程中，T2*值意外下降。结论:这是第一个利用MRI确定长跑对踝关节和足部影响的系统综述。结果表明，长跑可能引起踝关节和足部，包括距骨、胫骨、跗骨远端和近端组、第5跖骨、软组织和跟腱的细微病理和生化变化。然而，没有证据表明这些变化具有临床相关性。
{"title":"Evaluation of MR Images of the Ankle and Foot in Response to Long-Distance Running: A Systematic Review","authors":"H. K. Kim, J. Fern, Ez, S. Mirjalili","doi":"10.4172/2379-1764.1000222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2379-1764.1000222","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It has remained controversial on whether excessive loadings imposed on the ankle and foot complex during long-distance running have a deleterious effect. The aim of this systematic review is to determine whether long-distance running causes any visible changes of the ankle and foot on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Ovid Medline were searched using key terms in relation to MRI findings of the ankle and foot in response to long-distance running, published between 1990 and 2016. The final search was conducted on 19 September, 2016. Studies were identified using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using a modified Quality Index. Results: The database search initially produced 551 articles and it was screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally resulting in four articles. Edema was reported in the talus, tibia, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid and cuneiforms. A significant alteration in signal intensity and/or edema was appeared in the calcaneus at the Achilles insertion point, intraosseous and subcutaneous over long-distance running. The diameter of Achilles tendon was also significantly increased. However, when comparing between race finishers and non-finishers, the plantar aponeurosis and subcutaneous were only significantly different, reporting a high rate of edema in non-finishers. Additionally, one study adopted T2* mapping and found significant alteration in T2* values in tibiotalar cartilage, but the value was unexpectedly decreased in the middle of long-distance running. Conclusion: This is the first systematic review to determine the effect of long-distance running on the ankle and foot using MRI. It shows that long-distance running may cause subtle pathological and biochemical changes in the ankle and foot, including the talus, tibia, the distal and proximal group of tarsal bones, 5th metatarsals, soft tissues and the Achilles tendons. However, there is no evidence that these changes have clinical relevance.","PeriodicalId":7277,"journal":{"name":"Advanced techniques in biology & medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84843890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-24DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000221
L. Pu, Y. Bi, Haitao Long, Huali Xue, Jun Lu, Yuanyuan Zong, F. Kankam
The degradation of T-2 toxin in aqueous solution and patulin in apple juice at different conditions by glow discharge plasma (GDP) was investigated. High performance liquid chromatography (HLPC) was used to analyze the toxins concentration which was changed by treatment time. The results showed that GDP treatment could rapidly and effectively degrade T-2 toxin in aqueous solution and patulin in apple juice. The higher the initial toxin concentrations, the higher treatment efficiency could be achieved within the same time. The degradation rates of T-2 toxin at any different initial concentration were all up to 30% after 8 min, whilst no T-2 toxin was detected after 40 min. The toxin removal rate was faster at a relatively higher acidity and alkalinity levels. The Fe2+ and H2O2 exhibited strong catalysis ability to the degradation reactions. The values of pH in the degraded solution were decreased rapidly due to the formation of carboxylic acids. Afterwards, the values were increased as carboxylic acids were decomposed into CO2 and H2O. The dynamics equation curve is most appropriate and confirms that the degradation reaction of T-2 toxin by GDP belonged to the first order kinetics reaction, which could be expressed as ln (C0/Ct)=kt. Quality evaluation of the apple juice indicated that GDP treatment within 10 min had little effects on quality of apple juice.
{"title":"Glow Discharge Plasma Efficiently Degrades T-2 Toxin in Aqueous Solution and Patulin in Apple Juice","authors":"L. Pu, Y. Bi, Haitao Long, Huali Xue, Jun Lu, Yuanyuan Zong, F. Kankam","doi":"10.4172/2379-1764.1000221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2379-1764.1000221","url":null,"abstract":"The degradation of T-2 toxin in aqueous solution and patulin in apple juice at different conditions by glow discharge plasma (GDP) was investigated. High performance liquid chromatography (HLPC) was used to analyze the toxins concentration which was changed by treatment time. The results showed that GDP treatment could rapidly and effectively degrade T-2 toxin in aqueous solution and patulin in apple juice. The higher the initial toxin concentrations, the higher treatment efficiency could be achieved within the same time. The degradation rates of T-2 toxin at any different initial concentration were all up to 30% after 8 min, whilst no T-2 toxin was detected after 40 min. The toxin removal rate was faster at a relatively higher acidity and alkalinity levels. The Fe2+ and H2O2 exhibited strong catalysis ability to the degradation reactions. The values of pH in the degraded solution were decreased rapidly due to the formation of carboxylic acids. Afterwards, the values were increased as carboxylic acids were decomposed into CO2 and H2O. The dynamics equation curve is most appropriate and confirms that the degradation reaction of T-2 toxin by GDP belonged to the first order kinetics reaction, which could be expressed as ln (C0/Ct)=kt. Quality evaluation of the apple juice indicated that GDP treatment within 10 min had little effects on quality of apple juice.","PeriodicalId":7277,"journal":{"name":"Advanced techniques in biology & medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83294249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-10DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000218
Ben-fu Li, Heng-lin Yang, Hongning Zhou, Jian-Wei Xu, X. Sun, Hui Liu, Xiao-tao Zhao, Chun Wei, Q. Lu, Rui Yang, Y. Yang
Background: Malaria remains a significant public health problem in the border areas of Yunnan Province, China. Yunnan faces an increasing risk of imported malaria cases from its border countries of Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam. Imported malaria has slowed efforts to eliminate malaria in the province. The aim of this study is to understand the past and present malaria situation in Yunnan Province and to identify the challenges involved in controlling the disease. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of the past 30 years of surveillance data from relevant sources on malaria in Yunnan. Researchers collected data on malaria cases from 1983 to 2013 from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as from case investigation reports. Results: From 1983 to 2013, a total of 375,602 malaria cases were reported in Yunnan Province; 739 of these resulted in death. Of the total number of malaria cases, 72.71% were infected with Plasmodium vivax, 21.17% with P. falciparum, 0.02% with P. malariae, 1.43% with mixed infection cases, and 4.67% of untyped cases. Of the total number of reported cases, 207,956 were reported from the border 25 counties, comprising 55.4% of the total malaria cases and 44.6% (167,646) were reported from the inland counties (the other 104 counties) of the province. The malaria Prevalence rates (MPRs) decreased from 64.8 per 100,000 in 1983 to 0.9 per 100,000 in 2013, which is equal to a 98.6% reduction in the malaria burden. Among the border 25 counties, the malaria prevalence rates decreased from 179.8 per 100,000 in 1983 to 4.5 per 100,000 in 2013, which equates to a reduction of the malaria burden by 97.5%. The malaria prevalence rates in the inland counties decreased from 45.4 per 100,000 in 1983 to 0.3 per 100,000 in 2013, which equates to a reduction of the malaria burden by 99.3%. In 1983, malaria was prevalent in the northwest of Yunnan, Yuanjiang-Honghe River Valley and border areas; but it remained prevalent in the western and southern border areas of Yunnan in 2013. The population at high risk of contracting malaria is the young male farmers and migrant workers in summer and fall. An analysis of the integrated interventions showed that interventions have been effective in preventing and controlling malaria. Conclusion: From 1983 to 2013, malaria control has been effective in Yunnan Province. Malaria has almost been eliminated in the inland areas. Future control interventions should focus on the border areas.
{"title":"From Control to Elimination: Integrated Impact of Malaria Interventions in the Yunnan Province of China from 1983 to 2013","authors":"Ben-fu Li, Heng-lin Yang, Hongning Zhou, Jian-Wei Xu, X. Sun, Hui Liu, Xiao-tao Zhao, Chun Wei, Q. Lu, Rui Yang, Y. Yang","doi":"10.4172/2379-1764.1000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2379-1764.1000218","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria remains a significant public health problem in the border areas of Yunnan Province, China. Yunnan faces an increasing risk of imported malaria cases from its border countries of Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam. Imported malaria has slowed efforts to eliminate malaria in the province. The aim of this study is to understand the past and present malaria situation in Yunnan Province and to identify the challenges involved in controlling the disease. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of the past 30 years of surveillance data from relevant sources on malaria in Yunnan. Researchers collected data on malaria cases from 1983 to 2013 from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as from case investigation reports. Results: From 1983 to 2013, a total of 375,602 malaria cases were reported in Yunnan Province; 739 of these resulted in death. Of the total number of malaria cases, 72.71% were infected with Plasmodium vivax, 21.17% with P. falciparum, 0.02% with P. malariae, 1.43% with mixed infection cases, and 4.67% of untyped cases. Of the total number of reported cases, 207,956 were reported from the border 25 counties, comprising 55.4% of the total malaria cases and 44.6% (167,646) were reported from the inland counties (the other 104 counties) of the province. The malaria Prevalence rates (MPRs) decreased from 64.8 per 100,000 in 1983 to 0.9 per 100,000 in 2013, which is equal to a 98.6% reduction in the malaria burden. Among the border 25 counties, the malaria prevalence rates decreased from 179.8 per 100,000 in 1983 to 4.5 per 100,000 in 2013, which equates to a reduction of the malaria burden by 97.5%. The malaria prevalence rates in the inland counties decreased from 45.4 per 100,000 in 1983 to 0.3 per 100,000 in 2013, which equates to a reduction of the malaria burden by 99.3%. In 1983, malaria was prevalent in the northwest of Yunnan, Yuanjiang-Honghe River Valley and border areas; but it remained prevalent in the western and southern border areas of Yunnan in 2013. The population at high risk of contracting malaria is the young male farmers and migrant workers in summer and fall. An analysis of the integrated interventions showed that interventions have been effective in preventing and controlling malaria. Conclusion: From 1983 to 2013, malaria control has been effective in Yunnan Province. Malaria has almost been eliminated in the inland areas. Future control interventions should focus on the border areas.","PeriodicalId":7277,"journal":{"name":"Advanced techniques in biology & medicine","volume":"71 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80415580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-10DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000219
R. Aizman, A. V. Lebedev, N. I. Aizman, V. Rubanovich
In article the theoretical aspects of person’s health, based on the principle of unity of physical, mental and spiritual components forming the holistic model that includes ecological factors of the environment and social living conditions of the person are considered. The complex of author's electronic "passports of health" of participants of educational process (for the studying school children, students of universities and colleges, athletes, recruits, teachers) allowing to provide control of physical and mental health of persons, identifications of persons with tendency to various psychosocial dependences and suicide behavior in dynamics of training is offered. In the second part of this article the results of using of electronic passports of health on the example of the morphological and functional, psychophysiological features, personal potential and tendency to dependent behavior of pedagogical university students are presented.
{"title":"Screening Diagnostics of Human's Health Using the IT-Technologies is the Base of Preventive Medicine","authors":"R. Aizman, A. V. Lebedev, N. I. Aizman, V. Rubanovich","doi":"10.4172/2379-1764.1000219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2379-1764.1000219","url":null,"abstract":"In article the theoretical aspects of person’s health, based on the principle of unity of physical, mental and spiritual components forming the holistic model that includes ecological factors of the environment and social living conditions of the person are considered. The complex of author's electronic \"passports of health\" of participants of educational process (for the studying school children, students of universities and colleges, athletes, recruits, teachers) allowing to provide control of physical and mental health of persons, identifications of persons with tendency to various psychosocial dependences and suicide behavior in dynamics of training is offered. In the second part of this article the results of using of electronic passports of health on the example of the morphological and functional, psychophysiological features, personal potential and tendency to dependent behavior of pedagogical university students are presented.","PeriodicalId":7277,"journal":{"name":"Advanced techniques in biology & medicine","volume":"90 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87112176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-07DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000216
F. Adilova, Alisher Ikramov
The activity cliff concept is of high relevance for medicinal chemistry. Herein, we explore a concept of “data set modelability”, i.e., a priori estimate of the feasibility to obtain externally predictive QSAR models for a data set of bioactive compounds. This concept has emerged from analyzing the effect of so-called “activity cliffs” on the overall performance of QSAR models. Some indexes of “modelability” (SALI, ISAC, and MODI) are known already. We extended the version of MODI to data sets of compounds with real activity values. The predictive efficiency of QSAR models is expressed as the correct classification rate by SVM algorithm, which compared with the results of the other two algorithms: algorithm MODI and Voronin’s algorithm modified by the authors. Comparative analysis of the results performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient square. Our study showed an extreme lack of evaluation of predictive efficiency of data set only based on “activity cliffs”. In the development of more accurate methods that allow to evaluate the possibility of building of effective models on the data samples, it is necessary to take into account other properties of the sample, and not only the presence (and number) of “activity cliffs”.
{"title":"Data Set Analysis for the Calculation of the QSAR Models Predictive Efficiency Based on Activity Cliffs","authors":"F. Adilova, Alisher Ikramov","doi":"10.4172/2379-1764.1000216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2379-1764.1000216","url":null,"abstract":"The activity cliff concept is of high relevance for medicinal chemistry. Herein, we explore a concept of “data set modelability”, i.e., a priori estimate of the feasibility to obtain externally predictive QSAR models for a data set of bioactive compounds. This concept has emerged from analyzing the effect of so-called “activity cliffs” on the overall performance of QSAR models. Some indexes of “modelability” (SALI, ISAC, and MODI) are known already. We extended the version of MODI to data sets of compounds with real activity values. The predictive efficiency of QSAR models is expressed as the correct classification rate by SVM algorithm, which compared with the results of the other two algorithms: algorithm MODI and Voronin’s algorithm modified by the authors. Comparative analysis of the results performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient square. Our study showed an extreme lack of evaluation of predictive efficiency of data set only based on “activity cliffs”. In the development of more accurate methods that allow to evaluate the possibility of building of effective models on the data samples, it is necessary to take into account other properties of the sample, and not only the presence (and number) of “activity cliffs”.","PeriodicalId":7277,"journal":{"name":"Advanced techniques in biology & medicine","volume":"103 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79048048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-06DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000217
T. Kisková, M. Karasová, Z. Steffeková, L. Prefertusová
Thermography is a noninvasive diagnostic technique that measures thermal field and temperature distribution of a targeted surface and generates thermal patterns in the form of a color map. Even though thermography has been already used in detection of breast cancer, its predictive value has not been fully solved yet. The aim of our study was to evaluate the predictive role of thermography in the process of chemically induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague Dawley rats. Breast cancer was induced to 20 female Sprague Dawley rats by 2 doses of N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea (50 mg.kg-1 intraperitoneal) on the 43rd and the 50th postnatal day. Digital infrared camera with a resolution was used to evaluate the thermal patterns of ventral part of the body. Symmetrical body areas were monitored to detect temperature patterns of intact breast in compare to potential affected one. Only tumors developing non-parallel were further evaluated. Most developed breast tumors were characterized as ductal carcinomas in situ. 19/28 tumors were characterized by the increased temperature before their appearance. 9/28 breast tumors showed either no temperature difference or decrease of the temperature of the place with the potential cluster of neoplastic transform cells before tumor appearance diagnosed by the palpation. The temperature increase ≥ 0.5°C was seen in 38% ductal carcinoma in situ forms and the temperature decrease ≥ 0.5°C in 11% ductal in situ forms. Thermography could be used as an effective noninvasive predictive tool in breast cancer diagnosis. However, more studies are required to describe the potential of this predictive method.
热成像是一种非侵入性诊断技术，它测量目标表面的热场和温度分布，并以彩色地图的形式生成热模式。尽管热成像技术已经用于乳腺癌的检测，但其预测价值尚未完全解决。本研究旨在探讨热成像技术在雌性大鼠化学诱导乳腺癌发生过程中的预测作用。用2剂n -甲基- n -亚硝基脲(50 mg)诱导20只雌性Sprague Dawley大鼠患乳腺癌。Kg-1腹腔注射)于出生后第43天和第50天。采用分辨率高的数字红外摄像机对人体腹部的热模式进行了评价。对对称的身体区域进行监测，以检测完整乳房与潜在受影响乳房的温度模式。只有非平行发展的肿瘤才被进一步评估。大多数发展的乳腺肿瘤以原位导管癌为特征。19/28的肿瘤表现为出现前温度升高。9/28乳腺肿瘤在触诊诊断为肿瘤出现前，肿瘤转化细胞可能聚集的部位无温差或温度下降。38%导管原位癌温度升高≥0.5°C, 11%导管原位癌温度降低≥0.5°C。热成像可作为一种有效的无创乳腺癌诊断预测工具。然而，需要更多的研究来描述这种预测方法的潜力。
{"title":"Thermography use as a Predictive Tool in Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer","authors":"T. Kisková, M. Karasová, Z. Steffeková, L. Prefertusová","doi":"10.4172/2379-1764.1000217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2379-1764.1000217","url":null,"abstract":"Thermography is a noninvasive diagnostic technique that measures thermal field and temperature distribution of a targeted surface and generates thermal patterns in the form of a color map. Even though thermography has been already used in detection of breast cancer, its predictive value has not been fully solved yet. The aim of our study was to evaluate the predictive role of thermography in the process of chemically induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague Dawley rats. Breast cancer was induced to 20 female Sprague Dawley rats by 2 doses of N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea (50 mg.kg-1 intraperitoneal) on the 43rd and the 50th postnatal day. Digital infrared camera with a resolution was used to evaluate the thermal patterns of ventral part of the body. Symmetrical body areas were monitored to detect temperature patterns of intact breast in compare to potential affected one. Only tumors developing non-parallel were further evaluated. Most developed breast tumors were characterized as ductal carcinomas in situ. 19/28 tumors were characterized by the increased temperature before their appearance. 9/28 breast tumors showed either no temperature difference or decrease of the temperature of the place with the potential cluster of neoplastic transform cells before tumor appearance diagnosed by the palpation. The temperature increase ≥ 0.5°C was seen in 38% ductal carcinoma in situ forms and the temperature decrease ≥ 0.5°C in 11% ductal in situ forms. Thermography could be used as an effective noninvasive predictive tool in breast cancer diagnosis. However, more studies are required to describe the potential of this predictive method.","PeriodicalId":7277,"journal":{"name":"Advanced techniques in biology & medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74600287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-05DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000215
T. Giorgadze, Irine G. Khutsishvili, T. B. Khuskivadze, Z. Melikishvili, V. Bregadze
The aim of this work is to demonstrate the significance of the phenomena of light re-radiation and the electron excitation energy transfer from the donor to the acceptor in the hydrolysis reactions of glycoside and phosphodiester bonds in DNA, which is important for the functionality of cells in the norm and pathology and for the analysis of the quality of the double helix DNA for diagnostic purposes. It is shown that photons of the near-IR region of the spectrum excite the overtones of the large-amplitude valence vibration of water molecules in the 700-1500 nm spectral range. This causes the activation of electrolytic dissociation of water molecules with the formation of H+ and OH-, which is necessary for the hydrolysis reaction of chemical bonds in biological molecules. The application of the original nanoscale method of a laser induced fluorescence resonance energy transfer to a donor-acceptor intercalator pair for the quantitative and qualitative study of stability quality DNA double helix in a solution, in real time is shown in the following biologically important processes: photoirradiation, photodynamic effect and electron excitation energy transfer in strongly scattering environment (colloidal) with multiple scattering of light, i.e., in processes that can be successfully used in light therapy of cancer, dermatology, wound healing, etc.
{"title":"The Phenomena of Light Re-radiation and Electron Excitation Energy Transfer in Hydrolysis Reactions and for Analysis of the Quality of DNA Double Helix","authors":"T. Giorgadze, Irine G. Khutsishvili, T. B. Khuskivadze, Z. Melikishvili, V. Bregadze","doi":"10.4172/2379-1764.1000215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2379-1764.1000215","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to demonstrate the significance of the phenomena of light re-radiation and the electron excitation energy transfer from the donor to the acceptor in the hydrolysis reactions of glycoside and phosphodiester bonds in DNA, which is important for the functionality of cells in the norm and pathology and for the analysis of the quality of the double helix DNA for diagnostic purposes. It is shown that photons of the near-IR region of the spectrum excite the overtones of the large-amplitude valence vibration of water molecules in the 700-1500 nm spectral range. This causes the activation of electrolytic dissociation of water molecules with the formation of H+ and OH-, which is necessary for the hydrolysis reaction of chemical bonds in biological molecules. The application of the original nanoscale method of a laser induced fluorescence resonance energy transfer to a donor-acceptor intercalator pair for the quantitative and qualitative study of stability quality DNA double helix in a solution, in real time is shown in the following biologically important processes: photoirradiation, photodynamic effect and electron excitation energy transfer in strongly scattering environment (colloidal) with multiple scattering of light, i.e., in processes that can be successfully used in light therapy of cancer, dermatology, wound healing, etc.","PeriodicalId":7277,"journal":{"name":"Advanced techniques in biology & medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82210367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-28DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000210
M. Alvarez-Silva
Since the first successful allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant in 1972 by Dr. Thomas, the technique has gained importance worldwide. It has become potentially curative for many neoplastic and nonmalignant disorders. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cells has progressed and evolved because of the ability to apply new transplant concepts with this therapy, such as cord blood transplantation (CBT) and, more recently, haploidentical donor transplants. These advances have allowed for a broader range of donors. On the other hand, strategies to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, is a viable alternative. Many strategies for GVHD prophylaxis are in course in many preclinical or clinical studies. Pitfalls, such as graft rejection, severe GVHD and patient immune suppression are becoming less harmful as the advances in the field progresses.
{"title":"Advances in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","authors":"M. Alvarez-Silva","doi":"10.4172/2379-1764.1000210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2379-1764.1000210","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first successful allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant in 1972 by Dr. Thomas, the technique has gained importance worldwide. It has become potentially curative for many neoplastic and nonmalignant disorders. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cells has progressed and evolved because of the ability to apply new transplant concepts with this therapy, such as cord blood transplantation (CBT) and, more recently, haploidentical donor transplants. These advances have allowed for a broader range of donors. On the other hand, strategies to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, is a viable alternative. Many strategies for GVHD prophylaxis are in course in many preclinical or clinical studies. Pitfalls, such as graft rejection, severe GVHD and patient immune suppression are becoming less harmful as the advances in the field progresses.","PeriodicalId":7277,"journal":{"name":"Advanced techniques in biology & medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72852344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-28DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000213
M. M. Hossain, Raymond Rr Rowl
Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) E2 glycoprotein was expressed in an alphavirus based replicon particles (RP) expression system. A fluorescent microsphere immunoassay (FMIA) has been developed for the detection of CSFV E2-specific antibody in swine vaccinated with alphavirus RP. CSFV full length E2 (aa 1-376) was fragmented into several pieces and recombinant proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli. Purified proteins were conjugated to microsphere beads, the target antigens were assembled into a single multiplex, and tested against sera vaccinated with alphavirus-expressed antigens. The results reported as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) obtained from the median value for at least 100 microspheres and the MFI values converted to positive per sample (S/P) ratio. Of the eight recombinant E2 proteins evaluated in this study, the highest MFI values were obtained for E2 (aa 1-181). CSFV E2 glycoprotein was expressed in alphavirus based replicon expression system. The results show that vaccinated animals had CSFV-specific IgA, IgG and IgM in serum and oral fluids. The MFI values for the negative serum sample showed 20-70-fold reduction compared to positive serum sample. Antibody response to CSFV antigens were IgG>IgM>IgA. The results demonstrated that the simultaneous detection of IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies could provide an improved diagnostic tool.
{"title":"Evaluation of Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV)-Specific IgA, IgG, and IgM Antibody response in Swine Vaccinated with Alphavirus Replicon Particles-Expressed Antigens","authors":"M. M. Hossain, Raymond Rr Rowl","doi":"10.4172/2379-1764.1000213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2379-1764.1000213","url":null,"abstract":"Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) E2 glycoprotein was expressed in an alphavirus based replicon particles (RP) expression system. A fluorescent microsphere immunoassay (FMIA) has been developed for the detection of CSFV E2-specific antibody in swine vaccinated with alphavirus RP. CSFV full length E2 (aa 1-376) was fragmented into several pieces and recombinant proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli. Purified proteins were conjugated to microsphere beads, the target antigens were assembled into a single multiplex, and tested against sera vaccinated with alphavirus-expressed antigens. The results reported as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) obtained from the median value for at least 100 microspheres and the MFI values converted to positive per sample (S/P) ratio. Of the eight recombinant E2 proteins evaluated in this study, the highest MFI values were obtained for E2 (aa 1-181). CSFV E2 glycoprotein was expressed in alphavirus based replicon expression system. The results show that vaccinated animals had CSFV-specific IgA, IgG and IgM in serum and oral fluids. The MFI values for the negative serum sample showed 20-70-fold reduction compared to positive serum sample. Antibody response to CSFV antigens were IgG>IgM>IgA. The results demonstrated that the simultaneous detection of IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies could provide an improved diagnostic tool.","PeriodicalId":7277,"journal":{"name":"Advanced techniques in biology & medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87661325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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