Pub Date : 2022-03-05DOI: 10.31487/j.dobcr.2022.01.02
Alex B Faigen, J. James, M. Stevens, S. Looney, A. Jenzer, T. Johnson
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors which had the greatest impact on implant cervical bone health. A retrospective review was completed, and various factors were examined. The investigators hypothesized that there is no difference in implant success based on location, brand, or length of the implant. Methods: A retrospective electronic chart review of patients from the Dental College of Georgia (DCG) was done, looking at a study population composed of all patients who had an implant placed between January 1, 2009, and January 1, 2010. This included any type of dental implant placed at this academic institution, within any of the multiple departments who place implants. Patients were excluded as study subjects if they had the implant placed by another practitioner outside of the DCG. Information including location, brand, timing, age, sex, and complications was examined. Results: The sample was composed of data extracted from the dental records of 67 eligible study participants. Of these, 63 (94%) had data on bone loss and all results in this paper are based on these 63 patients. The majority of the participants were female (42/63, 67%), and age ranged from 41 to 88 (mean 68.6, SD 12.3, median 70). Significantly more bone loss was found in maxillary implants than in mandibular. This was true for mesial (p = 0.013, Table 1), distal (p = 0.012, Table 2), and average bone loss (p = 0.006, Table 3). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest a relation between implant length and positioning and bone loss. Future studies will focus on the development of more clinical markers and assessment tools for failure.
{"title":"Factors in Post-Operative Implant Cervical Burnout: A Retrospective Review","authors":"Alex B Faigen, J. James, M. Stevens, S. Looney, A. Jenzer, T. Johnson","doi":"10.31487/j.dobcr.2022.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.dobcr.2022.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors which had the greatest impact on implant cervical bone health. A retrospective review was completed, and various factors were examined. The investigators hypothesized that there is no difference in implant success based on location, brand, or length of the implant.\u0000Methods: A retrospective electronic chart review of patients from the Dental College of Georgia (DCG) was done, looking at a study population composed of all patients who had an implant placed between January 1, 2009, and January 1, 2010. This included any type of dental implant placed at this academic institution, within any of the multiple departments who place implants. Patients were excluded as study subjects if they had the implant placed by another practitioner outside of the DCG. Information including location, brand, timing, age, sex, and complications was examined.\u0000Results: The sample was composed of data extracted from the dental records of 67 eligible study participants. Of these, 63 (94%) had data on bone loss and all results in this paper are based on these 63 patients. The majority of the participants were female (42/63, 67%), and age ranged from 41 to 88 (mean 68.6, SD 12.3, median 70). Significantly more bone loss was found in maxillary implants than in mandibular. This was true for mesial (p = 0.013, Table 1), distal (p = 0.012, Table 2), and average bone loss (p = 0.006, Table 3).\u0000Conclusion: The results of this study suggest a relation between implant length and positioning and bone loss. Future studies will focus on the development of more clinical markers and assessment tools for failure.","PeriodicalId":72781,"journal":{"name":"Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48989581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.31487/j.dobcr.2022.01.01
C. Philip-Alliez, M. Le Gall, Adèle Brotons, Oceane Monachini, B. Foti, F. Remy
Civil age estimation is part of the process of individual identification for judicial purpose. It must be applicable for dead bodies as well as for living persons. Age can be estimated through the analysis of the permanent teeth eruption process. In the present study, this process was analysed based on the Bengston’s revisited stages illustrated by AlQhatani et al. in 2010. They were used to build a linear regression model for age estimation of children. This model was built on a sample composed of 191 orthopantomographs of children aged from 9 to 19.9 years old. The created model allowed the elaboration of a formula for civil age estimation based on the most relevant teeth groups associated to their eruption stages. The estimated age showed a good correlation with civil age (R2: 0.74), and a good accuracy rate (57% at +/- 12 months and 75% at +/- 18 months). Despite what was expected, sex was not correlated with age and was discarded from the analysis.
{"title":"New Approach of Civil Age Estimation Based on the Study of Permanent Teeth Eruption","authors":"C. Philip-Alliez, M. Le Gall, Adèle Brotons, Oceane Monachini, B. Foti, F. Remy","doi":"10.31487/j.dobcr.2022.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.dobcr.2022.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Civil age estimation is part of the process of individual identification for judicial purpose. It must be applicable for dead bodies as well as for living persons. Age can be estimated through the analysis of the permanent teeth eruption process. In the present study, this process was analysed based on the Bengston’s revisited stages illustrated by AlQhatani et al. in 2010. They were used to build a linear regression model for age estimation of children. This model was built on a sample composed of 191 orthopantomographs of children aged from 9 to 19.9 years old. The created model allowed the elaboration of a formula for civil age estimation based on the most relevant teeth groups associated to their eruption stages. The estimated age showed a good correlation with civil age (R2: 0.74), and a good accuracy rate (57% at +/- 12 months and 75% at +/- 18 months). Despite what was expected, sex was not correlated with age and was discarded from the analysis.","PeriodicalId":72781,"journal":{"name":"Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45675983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.03.05
D. Cawthorpe
Objective: The study objective was to examine the relationship between dental caries diagnosed before the age of four and ICD diseases over a 16-year period. Methods: The sample of approximately 33,531 (48% female) individuals having a total of 2,864,790 physician diagnoses over 16 years comprised a the cohort two groups, one with (2.7% of the sample) and one without dental caries (dependent variable) that were under the age of four years in the first two years of the sample data. Categories of dental caries and associated gingivitis and periodontal disease were based on the International Classification of Disease (ICD Version 9) diagnostic codes 521-523. The sample was described. Odds ratios comparing those with and without dental caries and the main ICD classes were calculated. Additionally, the ratio of each ICD diagnosis frequency comparing the cohort groups were calculated and represented the diagnoses assigned over the first 15 physician visits. Results: Males had proportionally more dental caries diagnosed. Diagnoses were made predominantly by general practitioners. Within the dental caries cohort group, associated ICD diagnoses were over-represented in both odds ratios and within individual ICD diagnoses on the first diagnosis and over the first 15 diagnoses in time. Conclusion: Dental caries diagnosed in very young children before the age of four are associated with multi-morbidity over subsequent years. Sex differences and patterns of associated morbidity may contribute to a better understanding of early life vulnerability to dental caries and their sequelae.
{"title":"Early Dental Caries and Their Associated International Classifications of Disease Morbidity: A 16-Year Population Study","authors":"D. Cawthorpe","doi":"10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.03.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.03.05","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study objective was to examine the relationship between dental caries diagnosed before the age of four and ICD diseases over a 16-year period.\u0000Methods: The sample of approximately 33,531 (48% female) individuals having a total of 2,864,790 physician diagnoses over 16 years comprised a the cohort two groups, one with (2.7% of the sample) and one without dental caries (dependent variable) that were under the age of four years in the first two years of the sample data. Categories of dental caries and associated gingivitis and periodontal disease were based on the International Classification of Disease (ICD Version 9) diagnostic codes 521-523. The sample was described. Odds ratios comparing those with and without dental caries and the main ICD classes were calculated. Additionally, the ratio of each ICD diagnosis frequency comparing the cohort groups were calculated and represented the diagnoses assigned over the first 15 physician visits.\u0000Results: Males had proportionally more dental caries diagnosed. Diagnoses were made predominantly by general practitioners. Within the dental caries cohort group, associated ICD diagnoses were over-represented in both odds ratios and within individual ICD diagnoses on the first diagnosis and over the first 15 diagnoses in time.\u0000Conclusion: Dental caries diagnosed in very young children before the age of four are associated with multi-morbidity over subsequent years. Sex differences and patterns of associated morbidity may contribute to a better understanding of early life vulnerability to dental caries and their sequelae.","PeriodicalId":72781,"journal":{"name":"Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44304557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.04.01
A. Jenzer, Macarius Abdelsayed, J. James, Kyle B Frazier, Brian Sellers, R. Abdelsayed
The surgical ciliated cyst is an iatrogenic lesion occurring after surgeries in which the Schneiderian membrane has been exposed, such as in orthognathic surgery or maxillary sinus procedures. This lesion has been infrequently documented in western countries. In this case series, we present three cases of surgical ciliated cysts of the maxilla.
{"title":"Surgical Ciliated Cyst of the Maxilla: A Case-Series of Three Cases","authors":"A. Jenzer, Macarius Abdelsayed, J. James, Kyle B Frazier, Brian Sellers, R. Abdelsayed","doi":"10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.04.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.04.01","url":null,"abstract":"The surgical ciliated cyst is an iatrogenic lesion occurring after surgeries in which the Schneiderian membrane has been exposed, such as in orthognathic surgery or maxillary sinus procedures. This lesion has been infrequently documented in western countries. In this case series, we present three cases of surgical ciliated cysts of the maxilla.","PeriodicalId":72781,"journal":{"name":"Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42201365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-23DOI: 10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.03.03
Gurel H.G., Z. Novruzov, M. Behruzoglu
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of the treatment with the twin block and modified twin block appliances in growing patients with Class 2 malocclusion. Materials and Methods: A cephalometric analysis was performed in 51 patients. The twin block sample consisted of 23 patients, 10-girls and 13-boys (mean age 10.46±0.71 years at the start of treatment, T1, and 12.84±0.78 years at the end of active treatment, T2). The modified twin block sample consisted of 28 patients, 18 girls and 15 boys (mean age 11.78±0.91 years at T1, and 13.32±0.56 years at T2). The twin block activators were used during the day, except for eating time, and the modified ones were used only at night. Duration of the treatment was 16-20 months. The changes from T2 to T1 and the differences between the groups were compared with the analysis of variance. Results: SNB angle in the twin block group showed 1.25±1.39 degrees change and in the modified twin block group, it exhibited 3.69±1.01 degrees change. Overjet in the group with twin block decreased 4.58±1.59 mm, and in the group with modified twin block it decreased 4.43±1.41 mm. In the modified twin block group, there was more retrusion of upper incisors in comparison with the twin block group. Accordingly, under the effect of modified twin block, retrusion of the upper lip was observed. Conclusion: Through modifying the twin block appliance, it is possible to ensure the comfort of the patients by reducing the daily usage, to reposition the mandibula forward and to correct overjet and sagittal dento-skeletal relationships without increasing facial height and to improve positions of upper incisors and lips.
{"title":"Comparison of Two Protocols for the Treatment of Class 2 Malocclusion","authors":"Gurel H.G., Z. Novruzov, M. Behruzoglu","doi":"10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of the treatment with the twin block and modified twin block appliances in growing patients with Class 2 malocclusion.\u0000Materials and Methods: A cephalometric analysis was performed in 51 patients. The twin block sample consisted of 23 patients, 10-girls and 13-boys (mean age 10.46±0.71 years at the start of treatment, T1, and 12.84±0.78 years at the end of active treatment, T2). The modified twin block sample consisted of 28 patients, 18 girls and 15 boys (mean age 11.78±0.91 years at T1, and 13.32±0.56 years at T2). The twin block activators were used during the day, except for eating time, and the modified ones were used only at night. Duration of the treatment was 16-20 months. The changes from T2 to T1 and the differences between the groups were compared with the analysis of variance.\u0000Results: SNB angle in the twin block group showed 1.25±1.39 degrees change and in the modified twin block group, it exhibited 3.69±1.01 degrees change. Overjet in the group with twin block decreased 4.58±1.59 mm, and in the group with modified twin block it decreased 4.43±1.41 mm. In the modified twin block group, there was more retrusion of upper incisors in comparison with the twin block group. Accordingly, under the effect of modified twin block, retrusion of the upper lip was observed.\u0000Conclusion: Through modifying the twin block appliance, it is possible to ensure the comfort of the patients by reducing the daily usage, to reposition the mandibula forward and to correct overjet and sagittal dento-skeletal relationships without increasing facial height and to improve positions of upper incisors and lips.","PeriodicalId":72781,"journal":{"name":"Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42485504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-18DOI: 10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.03.04
Lara Pepita de Souza Oliveira, Moises Aleli Gomes, Jefter Haad Ruiz da Silva, C. C. Silva, D. G. Pontes, Diego Ferreira Regalado
Direct restorations in composite resin require superficial rugosity appropriate to guarantee a surface free of biofilm buildup, which interferes with the durability of the restoration, its properties and the aesthetic aspect. Thus, it is relevant to know the behaviour of the finishing and polishing systems. The in vitro study aimed to compare the polishing efficiency of three different polishing systems in promoting the surface smoothness of a nanocomposite resin. Sixty specimens of the nanocomposite resin Filtek Z350 XT (3M) were made, randomly divided into three groups (n=20), according to the tested polishing systems: Enhance (Dentsply), DFL Polishers, and Sof-Lex Spiral (3M). The surface rugosity of the samples was measured by means of the rugosimeter equipment. The data were analysed through statistical tests: ANOVA two-way and post-hoc Tukey. The results indicated Sof-Lex (3M) polishing discs as the ones with the lowest average surface rugosity (0.13µm), presenting statistically significant results (p<0.05); followed by the abrasive rubbers of the DFL system (0.17 µm) and the Enhance system (Dentsply), which showed greater average surface rugosity (0.30 µm). The lowest surface rugosity of the composite resin evaluated in this study (Z350 XT- 3M) was obtained after polishing with the multi-step system (Sof-Lex), from the same manufacturer.
{"title":"The Effect of Three Polishing Systems on the Surface Rugosity of One Composite Resin","authors":"Lara Pepita de Souza Oliveira, Moises Aleli Gomes, Jefter Haad Ruiz da Silva, C. C. Silva, D. G. Pontes, Diego Ferreira Regalado","doi":"10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.03.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.03.04","url":null,"abstract":"Direct restorations in composite resin require superficial rugosity appropriate to guarantee a surface free of biofilm buildup, which interferes with the durability of the restoration, its properties and the aesthetic aspect. Thus, it is relevant to know the behaviour of the finishing and polishing systems. The in vitro study aimed to compare the polishing efficiency of three different polishing systems in promoting the surface smoothness of a nanocomposite resin. Sixty specimens of the nanocomposite resin Filtek Z350 XT (3M) were made, randomly divided into three groups (n=20), according to the tested polishing systems: Enhance (Dentsply), DFL Polishers, and Sof-Lex Spiral (3M). The surface rugosity of the samples was measured by means of the rugosimeter equipment. The data were analysed through statistical tests: ANOVA two-way and post-hoc Tukey. The results indicated Sof-Lex (3M) polishing discs as the ones with the lowest average surface rugosity (0.13µm), presenting statistically significant results (p<0.05); followed by the abrasive rubbers of the DFL system (0.17 µm) and the Enhance system (Dentsply), which showed greater average surface rugosity (0.30 µm). The lowest surface rugosity of the composite resin evaluated in this study (Z350 XT- 3M) was obtained after polishing with the multi-step system (Sof-Lex), from the same manufacturer.","PeriodicalId":72781,"journal":{"name":"Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49347427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.31487/J.DOBCR.2021.03.01
Juan Fernando Buestán Zambrano, María de Lourdes Rodríguez Coyago
Introduction: Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor that is aggressive and localised in nature, listed as the first or second most prevalent odontogenic tumor and rarely tends to metastasis, but when it does, it receives the definition adopted by the WHO in 2017 of metastasizing ameloblastoma. Materials and Methods: This systematic review of clinical case reports of metastasizing ameloblastoma from the last 10 years, collected from PubMed, ScienceDirect and Cochrane digital databases, aims to search for association between clinical/pathological and/or molecular parameters of ameloblastoma and its metastatic potential. Results: The targeted search yielded 14 publications with a total of 18 clinical cases, which showed a mean age for diagnosis of metastasizing ameloblastoma of 46 years, with no gender predilection and a high probability of occurrence in the yellow Asian race, favouring a pattern of distant dissemination. The highest frequency of metastasis was associated with mandibular primary lesions diagnosed in young patients, and the most frequently found variant was the multicystic solid type, follicular subtype; distant metastasis was the predominant form of presentation, with the lungs being the main target. Conclusion: At the moment, there is nothing that can predict metastatic potential in ameloblastoma. More standardised studies exploring the molecular terrain are needed, as this is a key and understudied factor.
{"title":"Metastasizing Ameloblastoma: A Systematic Review in Search of Clinicopathological Predictors","authors":"Juan Fernando Buestán Zambrano, María de Lourdes Rodríguez Coyago","doi":"10.31487/J.DOBCR.2021.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.DOBCR.2021.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor that is aggressive and localised in nature, \u0000listed as the first or second most prevalent odontogenic tumor and rarely tends to metastasis, but when it \u0000does, it receives the definition adopted by the WHO in 2017 of metastasizing ameloblastoma.\u0000Materials and Methods: This systematic review of clinical case reports of metastasizing ameloblastoma \u0000from the last 10 years, collected from PubMed, ScienceDirect and Cochrane digital databases, aims to search \u0000for association between clinical/pathological and/or molecular parameters of ameloblastoma and its \u0000metastatic potential.\u0000Results: The targeted search yielded 14 publications with a total of 18 clinical cases, which showed a mean \u0000age for diagnosis of metastasizing ameloblastoma of 46 years, with no gender predilection and a high \u0000probability of occurrence in the yellow Asian race, favouring a pattern of distant dissemination. The highest \u0000frequency of metastasis was associated with mandibular primary lesions diagnosed in young patients, and \u0000the most frequently found variant was the multicystic solid type, follicular subtype; distant metastasis was \u0000the predominant form of presentation, with the lungs being the main target.\u0000Conclusion: At the moment, there is nothing that can predict metastatic potential in ameloblastoma. More \u0000standardised studies exploring the molecular terrain are needed, as this is a key and understudied factor.\u0000","PeriodicalId":72781,"journal":{"name":"Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42516889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.02.06
Nillima Sharma, Mamta Parashar, Mansi Mathur, S. Rasania, S. Dwivedi, Mita Singh, Sneha Gupta
Background: Periodontitis is an extension of inflammation to the supporting tissue of the tooth. Prevalence varies worldwide with a higher prevalence in Asian countries and in India as reported. Literature reports that the sub-gingival microflora and the continuous latent endotoxemia originating from the periodontal pockets is a risk factor for the damage to vascular endothelial integrity, platelet function and blood coagulation leading to periodontal disease playing a role in etiopathogenesis of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease. Aim: To study periodontitis and other risk factor that correlates with CAD among the adult urban population. Settings & Design: Clinic based case control study carried out in medicine and dental outpatient departments (OPD) of Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences & Research and associated HAH Centenary Hospital, New Delhi. Minimum sample size was calculated to be 140. A 1:3 case to control ratio was taken. Methods & Materials: Periodontal Index (Russell Index) was utilized in our study to grade periodontal health status. Statistical Analysis: The data was analysed using SPSS 21.0 version. Categorical variables were tested for significance using Chi square test and multiple logistic regression was used for predicting the probability of cases with cardiac problems having periodontitis. Results: 30 (21.4%) participants were recruited as cases and 110 (78.6%) as controls. Among the cases the Mean Russell score for case was 3.98 ± 0.70 and control group was 3.11 ± 0.68, respectively. Among the total subjects 76.4% showed a RI score of ≥3 indicative of established destructive and terminal periodontal disease and 23.5% constituted the beginning of destructive periodontal disease. Conclusion: Severity of periodontitis was noted in cases as compared to controls. Findings suggest the relationship between CAD and periodontal disease.
{"title":"Periodontitis and Other Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease among Adults: A Case Control Study in Delhi, India","authors":"Nillima Sharma, Mamta Parashar, Mansi Mathur, S. Rasania, S. Dwivedi, Mita Singh, Sneha Gupta","doi":"10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.dobcr.2021.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Periodontitis is an extension of inflammation to the supporting tissue of the tooth. Prevalence varies worldwide with a higher prevalence in Asian countries and in India as reported. Literature reports that the sub-gingival microflora and the continuous latent endotoxemia originating from the periodontal pockets is a risk factor for the damage to vascular endothelial integrity, platelet function and blood coagulation leading to periodontal disease playing a role in etiopathogenesis of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease.\u0000Aim: To study periodontitis and other risk factor that correlates with CAD among the adult urban population.\u0000Settings & Design: Clinic based case control study carried out in medicine and dental outpatient departments (OPD) of Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences & Research and associated HAH Centenary Hospital, New Delhi. Minimum sample size was calculated to be 140. A 1:3 case to control ratio was taken.\u0000Methods & Materials: Periodontal Index (Russell Index) was utilized in our study to grade periodontal health status.\u0000Statistical Analysis: The data was analysed using SPSS 21.0 version. Categorical variables were tested for significance using Chi square test and multiple logistic regression was used for predicting the probability of cases with cardiac problems having periodontitis.\u0000Results: 30 (21.4%) participants were recruited as cases and 110 (78.6%) as controls. Among the cases the Mean Russell score for case was 3.98 ± 0.70 and control group was 3.11 ± 0.68, respectively. Among the total subjects 76.4% showed a RI score of ≥3 indicative of established destructive and terminal periodontal disease and 23.5% constituted the beginning of destructive periodontal disease.\u0000Conclusion: Severity of periodontitis was noted in cases as compared to controls. Findings suggest the relationship between CAD and periodontal disease.","PeriodicalId":72781,"journal":{"name":"Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44707820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.31487/J.DOBCR.2021.02.08
Amreen Bashir, P. A. Lambert
Introduction: Toothbrushes can readily become contaminated with microbes during use and storage. They present a potential hazard of cross-contamination and subsequent infection. Aims: To investigate the nature and level of microbial contamination of used toothbrushes and influence of participant lifestyle. Methods and Results: 103 used toothbrushes were donated, and microbial contents were determined by microbial culture and identification. 97% of toothbrushes revealed contamination. The microbial loads ranged from 0-1010 cfu/brush with median values of around 107, with Candida isolated in the highest levels. 90% of toothbrushes were stored in bathrooms presumably exposed to environmental contamination and 72% revealed the presence of enteric bacteria including Klebsiella, Serratia and Enterobacter. 50% of participants kept toothbrushes for >3 months and 40% retained toothbrushes for 4-6 months; microbial loads were fully established during the first three months of use and did not increase further with prolonged use. Only 57% of participants brushed their teeth twice a day and 41% brushed once a day. Conclusion: Used toothbrushes are heavily contaminated and the presence of potentially pathogenic microorganisms constitutes a potential health risk. Significance and Impact of Study: There is an under-recognised risk of cross-contamination/infection, especially when multiple users store toothbrushes in close contact. Guidance on toothbrush age, brushing frequency and storage is not being followed. Further education is required to improve public awareness.
{"title":"Quantitative Assessment of Microbial Contamination and Patterns of Public Behaviour with Used Toothbrushes: Implications of Storage and Replacement","authors":"Amreen Bashir, P. A. Lambert","doi":"10.31487/J.DOBCR.2021.02.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.DOBCR.2021.02.08","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Toothbrushes can readily become contaminated with microbes during use and storage. They present a potential hazard of cross-contamination and subsequent infection.\u0000Aims: To investigate the nature and level of microbial contamination of used toothbrushes and influence of participant lifestyle.\u0000Methods and Results: 103 used toothbrushes were donated, and microbial contents were determined by microbial culture and identification. 97% of toothbrushes revealed contamination. The microbial loads ranged from 0-1010 cfu/brush with median values of around 107, with Candida isolated in the highest levels. 90% of toothbrushes were stored in bathrooms presumably exposed to environmental contamination and 72% revealed the presence of enteric bacteria including Klebsiella, Serratia and Enterobacter. 50% of participants kept toothbrushes for >3 months and 40% retained toothbrushes for 4-6 months; microbial loads were fully established during the first three months of use and did not increase further with prolonged use. Only 57% of participants brushed their teeth twice a day and 41% brushed once a day.\u0000Conclusion: Used toothbrushes are heavily contaminated and the presence of potentially pathogenic microorganisms constitutes a potential health risk.\u0000Significance and Impact of Study: There is an under-recognised risk of cross-contamination/infection, especially when multiple users store toothbrushes in close contact. Guidance on toothbrush age, brushing frequency and storage is not being followed. Further education is required to improve public awareness.","PeriodicalId":72781,"journal":{"name":"Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42575079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-07DOI: 10.31487/J.DOBCR.2021.02.07
L. May, A. Brown, Alexis A. Kordis, C. Cotterill, V. Pardi
Objectives: This study’s objective was to evaluate if exercise during pregnancy, a healthy diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and calcium, and the mother’s educational level influenced the dental health measures of caries risk and tooth eruption of their offspring. Methods: Women with children 6 years and younger completed questionnaires regarding PA and diet (PUFA-rich, calcium-rich (Ca) dairy foods) during pregnancy and education level prior to their child’s dental examination. T-tests were used to compare exercisers and non-exercisers; correlation and regression analyses were conducted to determine relationships and predictors of child dental health, respectively. Results: Eighty-two mother-child pairs were analysed. Exercisers had trends of increased PUFA (p=0.07) and Ca-rich dairy foods (p=0.12) to non-exercisers during pregnancy. Ca-rich dairy foods during pregnancy had positive associations with primary tooth count (p=0.004), mixed surface count (p=0.02), and tooth eruption (p=0.04). Controlling for maternal education and exercise, tooth eruption was predicted by PUFA summary and cheese consumption while dairy summary predicted primary tooth count; caries risk was predicted by maternal education; primary surface caries was associated with exercise duration. Conclusion: During pregnancy, calcium-rich dairy and PUFA-rich foods influenced child tooth eruption and thus tooth count, while exercise duration was associated with primary surface caries. Maternal education was associated with lower caries risk. Our findings support educating women on calcium intake and appropriate exercise levels during pregnancy, plus oral health counseling for their child.
{"title":"The Influence of Diet, Exercise and Education Level During Pregnancy on Child Cavities and Tooth Eruption","authors":"L. May, A. Brown, Alexis A. Kordis, C. Cotterill, V. Pardi","doi":"10.31487/J.DOBCR.2021.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.DOBCR.2021.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study’s objective was to evaluate if exercise during pregnancy, a healthy diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and calcium, and the mother’s educational level influenced the dental health measures of caries risk and tooth eruption of their offspring.\u0000Methods: Women with children 6 years and younger completed questionnaires regarding PA and diet (PUFA-rich, calcium-rich (Ca) dairy foods) during pregnancy and education level prior to their child’s dental examination. T-tests were used to compare exercisers and non-exercisers; correlation and regression analyses were conducted to determine relationships and predictors of child dental health, respectively.\u0000Results: Eighty-two mother-child pairs were analysed. Exercisers had trends of increased PUFA (p=0.07) and Ca-rich dairy foods (p=0.12) to non-exercisers during pregnancy. Ca-rich dairy foods during pregnancy had positive associations with primary tooth count (p=0.004), mixed surface count (p=0.02), and tooth eruption (p=0.04). Controlling for maternal education and exercise, tooth eruption was predicted by PUFA summary and cheese consumption while dairy summary predicted primary tooth count; caries risk was predicted by maternal education; primary surface caries was associated with exercise duration.\u0000Conclusion: During pregnancy, calcium-rich dairy and PUFA-rich foods influenced child tooth eruption and thus tooth count, while exercise duration was associated with primary surface caries. Maternal education was associated with lower caries risk. Our findings support educating women on calcium intake and appropriate exercise levels during pregnancy, plus oral health counseling for their child.","PeriodicalId":72781,"journal":{"name":"Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43082998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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