Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1045161
Ling Li, L. Ren, Xiaoqing Zhan, Lingzhi Wang, Chang Liu, Meng-xue Zhao, Xi Luo, Zhengzhi Feng, Kuiliang Li
Introduction Irritability, a common symptom included in the 5th Edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), is thought to be associated with multiple emotional disorders. It is commonly seen among college students in isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, its relation with anxiety and depression remains unclear. We aim to study the relation of irritability, anxiety and depression in Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic by using network analysis to understand the co-occurrence of these three disorders. Methods During the COVID-19 pandemic, we recruited 1516 college students from five general universities in China to complete the Irritability, Depression and Anxiety Scale (IDA-S) to analyze the symptom network of irritability, depression and anxiety. Specifically, we assessed the indices of strength centrality and bridge strength for each node in the network. Results Some strongest linkages were found among anxiety symptoms “nervous” and “panic” (weight = 0.36), depression symptoms “sad mood” and “amused” (weight = 0.32), inward irritability items “self-hurt” and “self-harm” (weight = 0.32) and outward items “rough” and “aggressive” (weight = 0.28). The anxiety symptom “panic” had the highest strength value, followed by the inward irritability symptom “annoyed”. The nodes “ease” and “sleep” had the lowest strength value. In addition, the anxiety symptom “relax” had the highest bridge strength value, followed by inward irritability symptom “annoyed”. Conclusion This study explored the characteristics of a network of irritability, depression and anxiety symptoms among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that anxiety and irritability symptoms played an important role in the network. The findings provide evidence for prevention and intervention for college students' mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"The relationship between irritability, depression and anxiety among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A network analysis","authors":"Ling Li, L. Ren, Xiaoqing Zhan, Lingzhi Wang, Chang Liu, Meng-xue Zhao, Xi Luo, Zhengzhi Feng, Kuiliang Li","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1045161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1045161","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Irritability, a common symptom included in the 5th Edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), is thought to be associated with multiple emotional disorders. It is commonly seen among college students in isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, its relation with anxiety and depression remains unclear. We aim to study the relation of irritability, anxiety and depression in Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic by using network analysis to understand the co-occurrence of these three disorders. Methods During the COVID-19 pandemic, we recruited 1516 college students from five general universities in China to complete the Irritability, Depression and Anxiety Scale (IDA-S) to analyze the symptom network of irritability, depression and anxiety. Specifically, we assessed the indices of strength centrality and bridge strength for each node in the network. Results Some strongest linkages were found among anxiety symptoms “nervous” and “panic” (weight = 0.36), depression symptoms “sad mood” and “amused” (weight = 0.32), inward irritability items “self-hurt” and “self-harm” (weight = 0.32) and outward items “rough” and “aggressive” (weight = 0.28). The anxiety symptom “panic” had the highest strength value, followed by the inward irritability symptom “annoyed”. The nodes “ease” and “sleep” had the lowest strength value. In addition, the anxiety symptom “relax” had the highest bridge strength value, followed by inward irritability symptom “annoyed”. Conclusion This study explored the characteristics of a network of irritability, depression and anxiety symptoms among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that anxiety and irritability symptoms played an important role in the network. The findings provide evidence for prevention and intervention for college students' mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81462278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1114565
Elin Nylander, J. Hermansson, G. Nygren
Introduction Information from parents and teachers are essential in the treatment monitoring of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Rating scales are infrequently used in the treatment monitoring, and clinicians are signalling logistic barriers in the administration of rating scales in clinical settings. Here, we aimed to try out a new easy-to-use scale to facilitate information sharing between parents, teachers, and medical staff, in the treatment of childhood ADHD. Methods We examined the SNABB scale in a clinical sample of 27 child- and adolescent patients with any type of ADHD, in a routine clinical setting. We compared the outcome of the new SNABB scale with the commonly used Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Teacher and Parent ADHD rating scale—version IV (SNAP-IV). Results The SNABB questions concerning ADHD cardinal symptoms hyperactivity and impulsivity were associated with the concurrent SNAP-IV subscale, with moderate to strong correlations. The SNABB inattention question failed all associations with the concurrent SNAP-IV inattention subscale. A secondary finding was that the SNABB mood regulation question correlated with the SNAP-IV ODD-subscale at all three measure points. Conclusion Present pilot study brings promising results for the possibility to carry out larger scale studies concerning the psychometric properties of the SNABB scale.
{"title":"The SNABB ADHD treatment scale—An easy-to-use scale on treatment monitoring in childhood ADHD: A pilot study","authors":"Elin Nylander, J. Hermansson, G. Nygren","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1114565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1114565","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Information from parents and teachers are essential in the treatment monitoring of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Rating scales are infrequently used in the treatment monitoring, and clinicians are signalling logistic barriers in the administration of rating scales in clinical settings. Here, we aimed to try out a new easy-to-use scale to facilitate information sharing between parents, teachers, and medical staff, in the treatment of childhood ADHD. Methods We examined the SNABB scale in a clinical sample of 27 child- and adolescent patients with any type of ADHD, in a routine clinical setting. We compared the outcome of the new SNABB scale with the commonly used Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Teacher and Parent ADHD rating scale—version IV (SNAP-IV). Results The SNABB questions concerning ADHD cardinal symptoms hyperactivity and impulsivity were associated with the concurrent SNAP-IV subscale, with moderate to strong correlations. The SNABB inattention question failed all associations with the concurrent SNAP-IV inattention subscale. A secondary finding was that the SNABB mood regulation question correlated with the SNAP-IV ODD-subscale at all three measure points. Conclusion Present pilot study brings promising results for the possibility to carry out larger scale studies concerning the psychometric properties of the SNABB scale.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78827099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1052115
Danilo Dimitri, Giuliana Delia, Maurizio Arduino, Nazarena Turco, F. Fioretto
Research aim The aim of this study is to focus on the main neurophysiological aspects of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the current pharmacological treatment used for the management of hyperactivity and attention deficits in children aged 6-20 years with a diagnosis of ASD, not associated with other genetic or epileptic disorders, such as Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), Tuberous Sclerosis, Kleefstra Syndrome or Angelman Syndrome. Methods This mini review was conducted according to the P.I.C.O. model and according to the PRISMA guidelines. The keywords used were: autism spectrum disorder; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; attention deficit disorder; methylphenidate; ritalin; ADHD; youth autism; childhood autism; childhood autism spectrum disorder; adolescent autism. The strings produced were compared and selected by a third independent clinician. The PubMed and PsycArticles search yielded a total of 3,200 articles. For their inclusion, the 3,200 articles were examined by two clinicians who ultimately selected 28 (15 clinical trials and 13 reviews/meta-analyses) articles analysed according to their consistency with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Conclusions Three main aspects emerged from the review: (1) According to the existing literature, new randomized controlled trials are needed to ensure a better understanding of the most effective drug treatments for dual-diagnosed ASD-ADHD patients and of the related behavioural effects. Currently, the use of drugs varies depending on psychiatric comorbidity, symptoms, age and gender and there is no univocal reference therapy; (2) Methylphenidate (MPH) has currently been shown to be the most suitable drug for the treatment of hyperactivity and inattention in individuals diagnosed with ASD and ADHD; (3) There is a need to create and evaluate appropriate tests to analyse more specific patterns of behaviour presented in the two conditions.
{"title":"Observing the behavioural effects of methylphenidate in children and adolescents with ASD-ADHD dual diagnosis: A mini review","authors":"Danilo Dimitri, Giuliana Delia, Maurizio Arduino, Nazarena Turco, F. Fioretto","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1052115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1052115","url":null,"abstract":"Research aim The aim of this study is to focus on the main neurophysiological aspects of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the current pharmacological treatment used for the management of hyperactivity and attention deficits in children aged 6-20 years with a diagnosis of ASD, not associated with other genetic or epileptic disorders, such as Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), Tuberous Sclerosis, Kleefstra Syndrome or Angelman Syndrome. Methods This mini review was conducted according to the P.I.C.O. model and according to the PRISMA guidelines. The keywords used were: autism spectrum disorder; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; attention deficit disorder; methylphenidate; ritalin; ADHD; youth autism; childhood autism; childhood autism spectrum disorder; adolescent autism. The strings produced were compared and selected by a third independent clinician. The PubMed and PsycArticles search yielded a total of 3,200 articles. For their inclusion, the 3,200 articles were examined by two clinicians who ultimately selected 28 (15 clinical trials and 13 reviews/meta-analyses) articles analysed according to their consistency with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Conclusions Three main aspects emerged from the review: (1) According to the existing literature, new randomized controlled trials are needed to ensure a better understanding of the most effective drug treatments for dual-diagnosed ASD-ADHD patients and of the related behavioural effects. Currently, the use of drugs varies depending on psychiatric comorbidity, symptoms, age and gender and there is no univocal reference therapy; (2) Methylphenidate (MPH) has currently been shown to be the most suitable drug for the treatment of hyperactivity and inattention in individuals diagnosed with ASD and ADHD; (3) There is a need to create and evaluate appropriate tests to analyse more specific patterns of behaviour presented in the two conditions.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76675214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1094206
Daphna G. Dollberg, Keren Hanetz-Gamliel
This review outlines the literature concerning the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on parenting, focusing on how childhood trauma in parents might impede the development of adaptive parental mentalizing skills. Non-adaptive parental mentalizing may lead to non-mentalizing cycles between parents and children, which can put the child's mental health at risk. When parents who have endured ACEs have to cope with their children's mental health problems, they may have to deal with a double dose of parental stress related to their own traumatic history and their children's emotional difficulties. This heightened parental stress may further shake the parents' mentalizing skills. In line with this special issue's topic, we propose the promoting and restoring of parental mentalizing as a treatment goal for parents who have endured ACEs and whose children face mental health difficulties. We review the empirical and clinical evidence regarding the benefits of effective parental mentalizing and the availability of techniques to enhance it. We argue that working therapeutically and focusing on supporting and advancing parental mentalizing is an effective and feasible treatment goal with parents who endured ACEs. We demonstrate how we use these interventions through fictional vignettes from our therapeutic work and offer recommendations for clinical work with parents with traumatic histories.
{"title":"Therapeutic work to enhance parental mentalizing for parents with ACEs to support their children's mental health: A theoretical and clinical review","authors":"Daphna G. Dollberg, Keren Hanetz-Gamliel","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1094206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1094206","url":null,"abstract":"This review outlines the literature concerning the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on parenting, focusing on how childhood trauma in parents might impede the development of adaptive parental mentalizing skills. Non-adaptive parental mentalizing may lead to non-mentalizing cycles between parents and children, which can put the child's mental health at risk. When parents who have endured ACEs have to cope with their children's mental health problems, they may have to deal with a double dose of parental stress related to their own traumatic history and their children's emotional difficulties. This heightened parental stress may further shake the parents' mentalizing skills. In line with this special issue's topic, we propose the promoting and restoring of parental mentalizing as a treatment goal for parents who have endured ACEs and whose children face mental health difficulties. We review the empirical and clinical evidence regarding the benefits of effective parental mentalizing and the availability of techniques to enhance it. We argue that working therapeutically and focusing on supporting and advancing parental mentalizing is an effective and feasible treatment goal with parents who endured ACEs. We demonstrate how we use these interventions through fictional vignettes from our therapeutic work and offer recommendations for clinical work with parents with traumatic histories.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73330652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1118665
Abdelrahman Al-Saadi, Dena Al-Thani
Introduction Emotions are a vital component of human interaction. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face severe difficulties in sensing and interpreting the emotions of others, as well as responding emotionally appropriately. Developers are producing many mobile applications to assist ASD children in improving their facial expression detection and reaction abilities and increasing their independence. Objective This systematic review aims to explore the mobile application in helping children with ASD to identify and express their feeling. Methods The inclusion and exclusion articles for our analysis were mapped using the PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis diagram. The studies were retrieved from the following four databases: Google Scholar, Scopus, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Additionally, two screening processes were used to determine relevant literature. Reading the title and abstract was the initial step, followed by reading the complete content. Finally, the authors display the results using a narrative synthesis. Results From four electronic databases, we retrieved 659 articles. six studies that met our inclusion criteria were included in the systematic review. More details about inclusion and exclusion criteria can be found in the Eligibility criteria. Conclusion This systematic review sheds light on current research that employed mobile applications to improve emotion detection and expression in children with ASD. This smartphone application has the potential to empower autistic children by assisting them in expressing their emotions and enhancing their ability to recognize emotions. However, it is currently deemed essential to assess the effectiveness of mobile applications for remediation through more rigorous methodological research. For example, most included studies were quantitative and focused on statical measurements. However, there is an immediate need for more incredible research in this area to include qualitative research and to consider large samples, control groups and placebo, prolonged treatment durations, and follow-up to see whether improvements are sustainable and to ensure the effectiveness of applications.
{"title":"Mobile Application to identify and recognize emotions for children with autism: A systematic review","authors":"Abdelrahman Al-Saadi, Dena Al-Thani","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1118665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1118665","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Emotions are a vital component of human interaction. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face severe difficulties in sensing and interpreting the emotions of others, as well as responding emotionally appropriately. Developers are producing many mobile applications to assist ASD children in improving their facial expression detection and reaction abilities and increasing their independence. Objective This systematic review aims to explore the mobile application in helping children with ASD to identify and express their feeling. Methods The inclusion and exclusion articles for our analysis were mapped using the PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis diagram. The studies were retrieved from the following four databases: Google Scholar, Scopus, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Additionally, two screening processes were used to determine relevant literature. Reading the title and abstract was the initial step, followed by reading the complete content. Finally, the authors display the results using a narrative synthesis. Results From four electronic databases, we retrieved 659 articles. six studies that met our inclusion criteria were included in the systematic review. More details about inclusion and exclusion criteria can be found in the Eligibility criteria. Conclusion This systematic review sheds light on current research that employed mobile applications to improve emotion detection and expression in children with ASD. This smartphone application has the potential to empower autistic children by assisting them in expressing their emotions and enhancing their ability to recognize emotions. However, it is currently deemed essential to assess the effectiveness of mobile applications for remediation through more rigorous methodological research. For example, most included studies were quantitative and focused on statical measurements. However, there is an immediate need for more incredible research in this area to include qualitative research and to consider large samples, control groups and placebo, prolonged treatment durations, and follow-up to see whether improvements are sustainable and to ensure the effectiveness of applications.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89022021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-23DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1104637
Ayobello Ayotunde, K. Siegel, Adelaide Feibel, L. Benoit, Andrés Martin
Objectives We sought to embellish a child and adolescent mental health space by creating and displaying a large painting imbued with meaning and symbolism specific to the field. In it, we featured a broad array of trainees in the disciplines of child psychiatry, psychology, and social work. We used the portraiture sessions as opportunities for participants to reflect on their professional trajectories and developmental progression. Methods The lead author painted Heritage and Legacy, a 6 × 4 ft oil painting of 15 trainees (8 women), between February 2020 and December 2022. Each studio sitting lasted approximately four hours and included an in-depth interview that was recorded and transcribed for qualitative analysis. We used narrative inquiry as our analytic approach, a method that attends to unique stories and aims to make meaning out of individuals' life experiences. Results We organized our analytic framework chronologically: (1) Heritage (past influences); (2) Becoming (the current process of professionalization); and (3) Legacy (reflections about the future). Through these life stages, we consider findings from three complementary vantage points: (1) the unique methodology of using a collective portrait as the basis for a qualitative study using narrative inquiry; (2) the participants' individual and collective trajectories of professionalization and professional identity formation; and (3) their transitions and legacy—including through mentorship and generativity, as much as through concrete objects and places, such as the oil painting itself and the space in which it will permanently reside. Conclusions The lengthy process of creating an oil canvas depicting a multidisciplinary group of professionals in training proved a powerful vehicle for self-reflection by those portrayed. It has yielded insights of broader relevance to the training and education of the next generation of practitioners.
{"title":"Narratives of heritage and legacy: Child and adolescent mental health trainees portrayed","authors":"Ayobello Ayotunde, K. Siegel, Adelaide Feibel, L. Benoit, Andrés Martin","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1104637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1104637","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives We sought to embellish a child and adolescent mental health space by creating and displaying a large painting imbued with meaning and symbolism specific to the field. In it, we featured a broad array of trainees in the disciplines of child psychiatry, psychology, and social work. We used the portraiture sessions as opportunities for participants to reflect on their professional trajectories and developmental progression. Methods The lead author painted Heritage and Legacy, a 6 × 4 ft oil painting of 15 trainees (8 women), between February 2020 and December 2022. Each studio sitting lasted approximately four hours and included an in-depth interview that was recorded and transcribed for qualitative analysis. We used narrative inquiry as our analytic approach, a method that attends to unique stories and aims to make meaning out of individuals' life experiences. Results We organized our analytic framework chronologically: (1) Heritage (past influences); (2) Becoming (the current process of professionalization); and (3) Legacy (reflections about the future). Through these life stages, we consider findings from three complementary vantage points: (1) the unique methodology of using a collective portrait as the basis for a qualitative study using narrative inquiry; (2) the participants' individual and collective trajectories of professionalization and professional identity formation; and (3) their transitions and legacy—including through mentorship and generativity, as much as through concrete objects and places, such as the oil painting itself and the space in which it will permanently reside. Conclusions The lengthy process of creating an oil canvas depicting a multidisciplinary group of professionals in training proved a powerful vehicle for self-reflection by those portrayed. It has yielded insights of broader relevance to the training and education of the next generation of practitioners.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84926970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1106228
P. Alfieri, Federica Alice Maria Montanaro, M. Macchiaiolo, M. Collotta, C. Caciolo, Paolo Galassi, F. M. Panfili, Fabiana Cortellessa, M. Zollino, M. Chinali, M. Accadia, M. Seri, A. Bartuli, C. Mammi', M. Tartaglia, S. Vicari, M. Priolo
Malan syndrome (MALNS) is an ultra-rare genetic disorder caused by heterozygous chromosomal microdeletions involving the 19p13.2 region or loss-of-function variants in the NFIX gene. It is characterized by specific phenotypical features, intellectual disability (ID), and limitations in adaptive functioning and behavioral problems. In a previous work, we defined the cognitive, adaptive, linguistic and visuomotor ability profiles in a group of 15 MALNS individuals, providing quantitative data from standardized evaluations. Here, we further extend the characterization of MALNS by analyzing the behavioral and psychopathological comorbidities of the same cohort, administering standardized tests. Children were evaluated from October 2020 to January 2022. Retrospective data analysis was also performed. Assessment consisted of clinical observations, structured parent interviews, and parent-reported questionnaires. For each scale, comparisons between subtests were performed. Results of our analysis show that the most prevalent psychiatric comorbidities are represented by anxiety symptoms (including GAD, separation anxiety and specific phobias), ADHD, autistic symptoms, and social and attention problems. Of note, minimal or no signs of ASD were observed. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the psychopathological and behavioral comorbidities, together with cognitive impairment, language problems and sensory difficulties interfere with development, daily activities and social participation, therefore contributing to the severity of the disability associated with MALNS. Awareness of this profile by professionals and caregivers can promote prompt diagnosis and support cognitive and behavioral development.
{"title":"Behavioral profiling in children and adolescents with Malan syndrome","authors":"P. Alfieri, Federica Alice Maria Montanaro, M. Macchiaiolo, M. Collotta, C. Caciolo, Paolo Galassi, F. M. Panfili, Fabiana Cortellessa, M. Zollino, M. Chinali, M. Accadia, M. Seri, A. Bartuli, C. Mammi', M. Tartaglia, S. Vicari, M. Priolo","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1106228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1106228","url":null,"abstract":"Malan syndrome (MALNS) is an ultra-rare genetic disorder caused by heterozygous chromosomal microdeletions involving the 19p13.2 region or loss-of-function variants in the NFIX gene. It is characterized by specific phenotypical features, intellectual disability (ID), and limitations in adaptive functioning and behavioral problems. In a previous work, we defined the cognitive, adaptive, linguistic and visuomotor ability profiles in a group of 15 MALNS individuals, providing quantitative data from standardized evaluations. Here, we further extend the characterization of MALNS by analyzing the behavioral and psychopathological comorbidities of the same cohort, administering standardized tests. Children were evaluated from October 2020 to January 2022. Retrospective data analysis was also performed. Assessment consisted of clinical observations, structured parent interviews, and parent-reported questionnaires. For each scale, comparisons between subtests were performed. Results of our analysis show that the most prevalent psychiatric comorbidities are represented by anxiety symptoms (including GAD, separation anxiety and specific phobias), ADHD, autistic symptoms, and social and attention problems. Of note, minimal or no signs of ASD were observed. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the psychopathological and behavioral comorbidities, together with cognitive impairment, language problems and sensory difficulties interfere with development, daily activities and social participation, therefore contributing to the severity of the disability associated with MALNS. Awareness of this profile by professionals and caregivers can promote prompt diagnosis and support cognitive and behavioral development.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85747473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2022.1099406
B. Galling, H. Brauer, Pia Struck, Amanda Krogmann, Mirja H. Gross-Hemmi, A. Prehn-Kristensen, Susanne Mudra
Background There is increasing evidence that regulatory problems (RPs), such as excessive crying, sleeping or feeding problems in infancy, could be associated with the development of behavioral problems in childhood. In this meta-analysis we aimed to investigate the strength and characteristics of this association. Methods A systematic literature search (PubMed/PsycInfo, until 15/08/2021) for longitudinal prospective studies of infants with RPs and at least one follow-up assessment reporting incidence and/or severity of behavioral problems was conducted. The primary outcomes were (i) the cumulative incidence of behavioral problems in children (2–14 years) with previous RPs and (ii) the difference between children with/without previous RPs with regard to the incidence and severity of externalizing, internalizing and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Additionally, we analyzed behavioral problems of children with previous single, multiple or no RPs and with respect to age at follow-up. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were added. Results 30 meta-analyzed studies reported on 34,582 participants (nRP = 5091, ncontrol = 29,491; age: baseline = 6.5 ± 4.5 months, follow-up = 5.5 ± 2.8 years) with excessive crying (studies = 13, n = 1577), sleeping problems (studies = 9, n = 2014), eating problems (studies = 3, n = 105), any single (studies = 2, n = 201) or multiple RPs (studies = 9, n = 1194). The cumulative incidence for behavioral problems during childhood was 23.3% in children with RPs. Behavioral problems were significantly more pronounced in infants with RPs compared to healthy controls (SMD = 0.381, 95% CI = 0.296–0.466, p < .001), particularly with multiple RPs (SMD = 0.291, p = 0.018). Conclusions Findings suggest that RPs in infancy are associated with overall behavioral problems (externalizing or internalizing behavior and ADHD symptoms) in childhood. Our data cannot explain linked developmental trajectories and underlying factors. However, detection of affected infants may help to adapt supportive measures to the individual familial needs to promote the parent-child-relationship and prevent the development of child behavioral problems from early on.
{"title":"The impact of crying, sleeping, and eating problems in infants on childhood behavioral outcomes: A meta-analysis","authors":"B. Galling, H. Brauer, Pia Struck, Amanda Krogmann, Mirja H. Gross-Hemmi, A. Prehn-Kristensen, Susanne Mudra","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2022.1099406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2022.1099406","url":null,"abstract":"Background There is increasing evidence that regulatory problems (RPs), such as excessive crying, sleeping or feeding problems in infancy, could be associated with the development of behavioral problems in childhood. In this meta-analysis we aimed to investigate the strength and characteristics of this association. Methods A systematic literature search (PubMed/PsycInfo, until 15/08/2021) for longitudinal prospective studies of infants with RPs and at least one follow-up assessment reporting incidence and/or severity of behavioral problems was conducted. The primary outcomes were (i) the cumulative incidence of behavioral problems in children (2–14 years) with previous RPs and (ii) the difference between children with/without previous RPs with regard to the incidence and severity of externalizing, internalizing and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Additionally, we analyzed behavioral problems of children with previous single, multiple or no RPs and with respect to age at follow-up. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were added. Results 30 meta-analyzed studies reported on 34,582 participants (nRP = 5091, ncontrol = 29,491; age: baseline = 6.5 ± 4.5 months, follow-up = 5.5 ± 2.8 years) with excessive crying (studies = 13, n = 1577), sleeping problems (studies = 9, n = 2014), eating problems (studies = 3, n = 105), any single (studies = 2, n = 201) or multiple RPs (studies = 9, n = 1194). The cumulative incidence for behavioral problems during childhood was 23.3% in children with RPs. Behavioral problems were significantly more pronounced in infants with RPs compared to healthy controls (SMD = 0.381, 95% CI = 0.296–0.466, p < .001), particularly with multiple RPs (SMD = 0.291, p = 0.018). Conclusions Findings suggest that RPs in infancy are associated with overall behavioral problems (externalizing or internalizing behavior and ADHD symptoms) in childhood. Our data cannot explain linked developmental trajectories and underlying factors. However, detection of affected infants may help to adapt supportive measures to the individual familial needs to promote the parent-child-relationship and prevent the development of child behavioral problems from early on.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89143987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-08DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1099527
S. Lesinskienė, Greta Stonkutė, R. Šambaras
Background Pica is an eating disorder in which a person feels the urge to eat non-nutritious, non-food substances. It can occur at any age; however, a higher prevalence is observed among children with mental health issues and pregnant women. Recently, additional attention has been given to the role of sensory sensitivity in eating disorders. Aim of the study To examine the prevalence of pica in preschool children and explore the associations with increased sensory sensitivity traits and rates of internalizing and externalizing difficulties. Methodology Parents/guardians of children aged 3–6 years were asked to complete an anonymous online questionnaire containing demographic data, questions regarding the peculiarities of children's eating, sensory sensitivity. Furthermore, a Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was also completed. This study included 655 participants. Of those 655, 41 study participants who did not complete the questionnaire were excluded. The final sample consisted of 614 participants who had completed the questionnaire. Results Approximately, 3.7% of participants indicated that their child ate non-nutritious, non-food substances. Children with increased sensory sensitivity traits in response to sounds (p = 0.008), visual stimuli (p < 0.001), and skin contact (p = 0.006) ate significantly more non-nutritious non-food substances. Those who had higher scores on internalizing and externalizing difficulties had more difficulties associated with eating. Children who had increased sensory sensitivity to sounds, visual stimuli, or skin contact had significantly more internalizing difficulties (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between higher externalizing difficulties and increased sensory sensitivity to sounds, visual stimuli, skin contact, or smells (p > 0.05). Conclusions Children with increased sensory sensitivity traits were more likely to eat inedible substances than those without. Furthermore, children who had increased sensory sensitivity traits were significantly more picky about food and had more internalizing difficulties. It is important for specialists to combine clinical data on the characteristics of a child's development, including sensory, eating, and emotional health aspects.
{"title":"Pica in childhood: Prevalence and developmental comorbidity","authors":"S. Lesinskienė, Greta Stonkutė, R. Šambaras","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1099527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1099527","url":null,"abstract":"Background Pica is an eating disorder in which a person feels the urge to eat non-nutritious, non-food substances. It can occur at any age; however, a higher prevalence is observed among children with mental health issues and pregnant women. Recently, additional attention has been given to the role of sensory sensitivity in eating disorders. Aim of the study To examine the prevalence of pica in preschool children and explore the associations with increased sensory sensitivity traits and rates of internalizing and externalizing difficulties. Methodology Parents/guardians of children aged 3–6 years were asked to complete an anonymous online questionnaire containing demographic data, questions regarding the peculiarities of children's eating, sensory sensitivity. Furthermore, a Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was also completed. This study included 655 participants. Of those 655, 41 study participants who did not complete the questionnaire were excluded. The final sample consisted of 614 participants who had completed the questionnaire. Results Approximately, 3.7% of participants indicated that their child ate non-nutritious, non-food substances. Children with increased sensory sensitivity traits in response to sounds (p = 0.008), visual stimuli (p < 0.001), and skin contact (p = 0.006) ate significantly more non-nutritious non-food substances. Those who had higher scores on internalizing and externalizing difficulties had more difficulties associated with eating. Children who had increased sensory sensitivity to sounds, visual stimuli, or skin contact had significantly more internalizing difficulties (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between higher externalizing difficulties and increased sensory sensitivity to sounds, visual stimuli, skin contact, or smells (p > 0.05). Conclusions Children with increased sensory sensitivity traits were more likely to eat inedible substances than those without. Furthermore, children who had increased sensory sensitivity traits were significantly more picky about food and had more internalizing difficulties. It is important for specialists to combine clinical data on the characteristics of a child's development, including sensory, eating, and emotional health aspects.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78451556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2022.1045808
Lei Wang, Qianqian Chen, Zhenzhen Peng, Caixia Ye, Xinyi Zhou
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of intervention programs in reducing school bullying, a 6-week series of grit training courses was designed and developed. Methods Using a quasi-experimental design, 163 middle school students were selected as the experimental group and 201 middle school students as the control group to test the implementation effect of the grit training course. Results The intervention program significantly reduced the traditional bullying behavior of the bullies and the traditional victimization of victims. Conclusion The 6-week grit course has produced positive results in reducing school bullying. In the future, school-based courses with the theme of grit can be designed to achieve the purpose of preventing school bullying by improving the positive qualities of individuals.
{"title":"Six-week grit training course reduces school bullying: A quasi-experimental study","authors":"Lei Wang, Qianqian Chen, Zhenzhen Peng, Caixia Ye, Xinyi Zhou","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2022.1045808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2022.1045808","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the effectiveness of intervention programs in reducing school bullying, a 6-week series of grit training courses was designed and developed. Methods Using a quasi-experimental design, 163 middle school students were selected as the experimental group and 201 middle school students as the control group to test the implementation effect of the grit training course. Results The intervention program significantly reduced the traditional bullying behavior of the bullies and the traditional victimization of victims. Conclusion The 6-week grit course has produced positive results in reducing school bullying. In the future, school-based courses with the theme of grit can be designed to achieve the purpose of preventing school bullying by improving the positive qualities of individuals.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77280047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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