Hygiene and environmental health advances最新文献_第4页

Deciphering the impact of heat wave in the global surge of infectious diseases 解读热浪对全球传染病激增的影响

Hygiene and environmental health advances

Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2025.100135

Mirza Mienur Meher , Marya Afrin , Abdullah Al Bayazid , Md Sayedul Islam , Md Zulfekar Ali

The heat wave is the extreme episodes of climate change which is characterized as prolong period of abnormally elevated environmental temperatures other than the usual weather trends. In recent, the record-breaking environmental temperatures were observed all over the world, especially in the South Asia, Africa, and also in American countries. In Europe, over 70,000 additional deaths have been attributed to heat waves alone in 2022. This extreme climatic event has the implication to health risks and the potential rise in infectious diseases. This review establishes the multifaceted relationship between heat waves and infectious disease dynamics by the integration of existing literature and the emerging evidence from epidemiological, environmental, and laboratory studies. Heat waves create environments that favour the survival and propagation of various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and fungi, thereby accelerate the speed of microbial biodiversity and evolutionary processes of microbes by progressively altering the ecosystem structures. Heat waves enhance the activity and distribution of insect vectors, leading to higher transmission rates of vector-borne sicknesses like dengue fever, chikungunya, malaria, Zika virus, Lyme disease and West Nile fever etc. Heatwave also could have the correlation to emerging antimicrobial resistance and pathogenic infections. Moreover, human behavioural changes during heat waves, may elevate the risk of food, air and waterborne diseases. However, the review provides a comprehensive understanding of how heat waves influence infectious disease dynamics. This review also emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary research, improved disease surveillance, and globally coordinated climate-health strategies to mitigate the risks.

热浪是气候变化的极端事件，其特征是与通常的天气趋势不同，环境温度异常升高的时间延长。近年来，世界各地都出现了破纪录的环境温度，特别是在南亚、非洲和美洲国家。在欧洲，仅2022年就有7万多人死于热浪。这一极端气候事件对健康风险和传染病的潜在增加具有影响。本综述通过整合现有文献和来自流行病学、环境和实验室研究的新证据，建立了热浪与传染病动力学之间的多方面关系。热浪创造了有利于各种病原体（包括病毒、细菌、原生动物和真菌）生存和繁殖的环境，从而通过逐步改变生态系统结构加快了微生物生物多样性和微生物进化过程的速度。热浪加剧了病媒昆虫的活动和分布，导致登革热、基孔肯雅热、疟疾、寨卡病毒、莱姆病和西尼罗热等病媒疾病的传播率上升。热浪还可能与新出现的抗菌素耐药性和致病性感染有关。此外，热浪期间人类行为的变化可能会增加食物、空气和水传播疾病的风险。然而，这篇综述提供了对热浪如何影响传染病动力学的全面理解。本综述还强调了跨学科研究、改进疾病监测和全球协调的气候卫生战略以减轻风险的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of rising ambient temperatures on the mental and physical health of children 环境温度上升对儿童身心健康的影响

Hygiene and environmental health advances

Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2025.100137

Caradee Y Wright , Mary Norval , Natasha Naidoo , Muthise Bulani , Ashraf Coovadia , Linda Theron

Globally, mean ambient temperatures have increased by 1.6 °C between preindustrial level and 2024, alongside a rise in extreme weather events such as heatwaves and droughts. This rapid review synthesizes the existing literature on the risks to children’s physical and mental health due to heat exposure. Comprehensive literature searches were conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. This review highlights the increased risks to children’s physical and mental health from extreme temperatures in several populations. Major health concerns include heat-related illnesses, dehydration, increasing incidence of infectious diseases, reduced cognitive performance, depression and anxiety and the exacerbation of pre-existing conditions. Potential strategies to mitigate these negative health outcomes are proposed, including improved access to cooling solutions, public health interventions, and educational campaigns to improve thermal comfort.

从全球来看，与工业化前至2024年的水平相比，平均环境温度上升了1.6摄氏度，热浪和干旱等极端天气事件也有所增加。这篇快速综述综合了热暴露对儿童身心健康风险的现有文献。使用PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和ScienceDirect进行综合文献检索。这篇综述强调了一些人群中极端温度对儿童身心健康的风险增加。主要的健康问题包括与热有关的疾病、脱水、传染病发病率增加、认知能力下降、抑郁和焦虑以及原有疾病的恶化。提出了减轻这些负面健康后果的潜在战略，包括改善获得冷却解决方案的途径、公共卫生干预措施和改善热舒适的教育运动。

引用次数: 0

Do weekends matter in unraveling the impact of acute temperature exposure on the risk of daily mortality? 在揭示急性温度暴露对每日死亡风险的影响方面，周末是否重要？

Hygiene and environmental health advances

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2025.100134

Keita Wagatsuma , Takahisa Ogawa , Yi-Sheng Yang , Kensuke Uraguchi , Mami Hitachi , Susana Silva , Erik Pieter de Jong , Ya-Yun Cheng , Aurelio Tobias , Masahiro Hashizume

引用次数: 0

Adolescent bone health under threat: PFAS mixtures as drivers of skeletal fragility 青少年骨骼健康受到威胁：PFAS混合物是骨骼脆弱的驱动因素

Hygiene and environmental health advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2025.100133

Jing Li , Shaowei Wu , Tingyu Li , Zichang Liu , Chuchu Kang , Hongli Tan

Evidence regarding the effect of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) on bone minerals density (BMD) at various bone sites and the combined effects of PFAS mixtures is limited, particularly during the critical period of skeletal development. To address this gap, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 1212 adolescents aged 12−19 years in NHANES 2011−2018 to examine the associations of single PFAS and PFAS mixtures with BMD at 11 bone sites and two comprehensive BMD indices. Multiple linear regression showed that serum PFAS concentrations were inversely associated with BMD, with variations according to the specific PFAS and bone site, and exhibiting a sex-specific pattern. Additionally, these associations differed significantly between obese and non-obese individuals, which was confined to boys. Mixture analysis using weighted quantile sum regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression revealed inverse associations between PFAS mixtures and BMD at specific bone sites, and 2-(N-methylperfluoroctanesulfonamido)acetic acid (Me-PFOSA-AcOH) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA) were identified as the dominant contributors to the combined effect of PFAS mixtures on BMD among all participants and girls, respectively. These findings lay a critical foundation for future environmental epidemiology studies and necessitate further exploration and validation of mechanisms through laboratory research.

关于全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFASs）对不同骨骼部位骨矿物质密度（BMD）的影响以及PFAS混合物的综合影响的证据有限，特别是在骨骼发育的关键时期。为了解决这一差距，我们在NHANES 2011 - 2018中对1212名年龄在12 - 19岁的青少年进行了一项横断面研究，以检查单一PFAS和PFAS混合物与11个骨骼部位的骨密度和两个综合骨密度指数的关系。多元线性回归显示，血清PFAS浓度与骨密度呈负相关，根据特定的PFAS和骨骼部位而变化，并表现出性别特异性模式。此外，这些关联在肥胖和非肥胖个体之间存在显著差异，这仅限于男孩。使用加权分位数和回归和贝叶斯核机回归的混合分析显示，PFAS混合物与特定骨骼部位的骨密度呈负相关，2-（n -甲基全氟辛烷磺酸）乙酸（Me-PFOSA-AcOH）和全氟癸酸（PFDeA）被确定为PFAS混合物对所有参与者和女孩骨密度综合影响的主要因素。这些发现为未来的环境流行病学研究奠定了重要的基础，并需要通过实验室研究进一步探索和验证机制。

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引用次数: 0

The dose-dependent effect of acute ozone exposure on lung function and the efficacy of a Boysenberry apple powder blend (BerriQi®) in reducing throat irritation and symptom recovery time in healthy adults 急性臭氧暴露对肺功能的剂量依赖性影响以及Boysenberry apple粉混合物（BerriQi®）在减少健康成人喉咙刺激和症状恢复时间方面的功效

Hygiene and environmental health advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2025.100132

Dominic Lomiwes , Matthew Barnes , Grayson Nicholls , Nayer Ngametua , Greg Sawyer , Alexander P. Kanon , Gowthami Vangala , Odette Shaw

Urbanization and industrialization have impacted air quality and health, with ozone exposure linked to reduced lung function and increased respiratory issues. This study characterised the dose-dependent effect of acute, controlled ambient ozone exposure in an environmental chamber on lung function, then investigated the effect of BerriQi® Boysenberry and apple powder (BerriQi) ozone-induced respiratory irritation symptoms. In an incremental dose study, healthy adults were exposed to 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 ppm ozone for 2 h. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were measured at designated timepoints up to 48 h after ozone exposure. This was followed by a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial, with healthy adults (n = 20) who consumed either BerriQi or a placebo daily for 5 days before being exposed to 0.2 ppm ozone for 2 h. Respiratory irritation symptoms, including throat irritation (TI), soreness of cough (SOC), shortness of breath (SOB), and pain on deep inspiration (PODI), were assessed at designated timepoints up to 48 h after ozone exposure. Our results showed that 0.2 ppm ozone was the maximum tolerated dose that elicited a temporal decline in lung function in healthy participants and that BerriQi supplementation significantly reduced TI (p = 0.04), and may expedite the resolution of SOC, SOB and PODI after acute ozone exposure. These findings suggest that BerriQi may alleviate the severity and duration of ozone-induced respiratory irritation and highlights the potential of BerriQi as a dietary intervention for mitigating the respiratory effects of air pollution.

城市化和工业化影响了空气质量和健康，臭氧暴露与肺功能下降和呼吸问题增加有关。本研究描述了在环境室中急性、受控的环境臭氧暴露对肺功能的剂量依赖效应，然后研究了BerriQi®Boysenberry and apple powder （BerriQi）臭氧诱导的呼吸道刺激症状的影响。在一项增量剂量研究中，健康成人暴露于0.1、0.2或0.3 ppm的臭氧中2小时。在臭氧暴露后48小时内，在指定的时间点测量1秒内的用力肺活量（FVC）和用力呼气量（FEV1）。随后是一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照交叉试验，健康成人（n = 20）每天服用BerriQi或安慰剂5天，然后暴露于0.2 ppm的臭氧中2小时。在臭氧暴露后48小时的指定时间点评估呼吸刺激症状，包括喉咙刺激（TI）、咳嗽痛（SOC）、呼吸短促（SOB）和深度吸气痛（PODI）。我们的研究结果表明，0.2 ppm的臭氧是引起健康参与者肺功能暂时下降的最大耐受剂量，而BerriQi补充剂显著降低了TI (p = 0.04)，并可能加速急性臭氧暴露后SOC， SOB和PODI的解决。这些发现表明，BerriQi可以减轻臭氧引起的呼吸刺激的严重程度和持续时间，并强调了BerriQi作为一种饮食干预来减轻空气污染对呼吸系统的影响的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Associations of childhood per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances with autistic traits and symptom severities among children with and without autism spectrum disorder 儿童全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质与自闭症特征和自闭症谱系障碍儿童症状严重程度的关系

Hygiene and environmental health advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2025.100131

Li-Zi Lin , Nanxiang Jin , Wan-Ting He , Yun-Ting Zhang , Jing-Wen Huang , Li-Xia Liang , Jia-Xin Zhou , Zhe-Qing Zhang , Xin Wang , Zhao-Huan Gui , Ru-Qing Liu , Jing-Jing Liang , Guang-Hui Dong

The associations of childhood legacy and alternatives per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) -related outcomes were seldom discussed. In this case-control study conducted in Guangzhou, China, 6- to 9-year-old children who were clinically confirmed for ASD (case, n = 60) or typical development (TD, n = 180) underwent psychometric tests (autistic traits via Autism Spectrum Quotient-Children and symptom severities via Social Responsiveness Scale), and we tested their plasma concentrations of 16 legacy and alternative PFASs. We used conditional logistic regression models and generalized linear models to test the associations of PFASs exposure with ASD-related outcomes. Higher concentrations of total and linear PFHxS were associated with higher risk of ASD [OR = 2.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-5.67; 2.73, 95%CI: 1.17-6.38] and higher autistic traits among TD children (β = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.03-0.87; 0.44, 95%CI: 0.01- 0.86). In addition, we observed a positive association between symptom severity and 8:2 Cl-PFESA, an alternative PFAS compound, among children with ASD (β =4.90, 95%CI: 0.07-9.72). We did not find joint associations between PFASs mixtures and the outcomes when using multiple-pollutant models. More studies are needed to confirm the PFASs-ASD associations, and the potential hazards of emerging PFASs should not be ignored.

儿童遗存和单氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质替代品（PFASs）与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）相关结果的关系很少被讨论。在中国广州进行的这项病例对照研究中，对临床确诊为ASD的6- 9岁儿童（病例，n = 60）或典型发育（TD, n = 180）进行了心理测量测试（通过自闭症谱系商-儿童进行自闭症特征测试，通过社会反应性量表进行症状严重程度测试），并测试了16种遗传和替代PFASs的血浆浓度。我们使用条件逻辑回归模型和广义线性模型来检验全氟磺酸暴露与自闭症相关结果的关系。总PFHxS和线性PFHxS浓度越高，患ASD的风险越高[OR = 2.44, 95%可信区间（CI）： 1.05-5.67；2.73, 95%CI: 1.17-6.38]和TD儿童较高的自闭症特征(β = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.03-0.87；0.44, 95%ci: 0.01- 0.86)。此外，我们观察到ASD儿童的症状严重程度与8:2 Cl-PFESA（一种替代PFAS化合物）呈正相关（β =4.90, 95%CI: 0.07-9.72）。当使用多污染物模型时，我们没有发现PFASs混合物与结果之间的联合关联。需要更多的研究来证实PFASs与asd的关联，新出现的PFASs的潜在危害不容忽视。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insights into cobalt-induced lung injury: An integrated network toxicology and bioinformatics approach 机制洞察到钴诱导的肺损伤：综合网络毒理学和生物信息学方法

Hygiene and environmental health advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2025.100130

Hongyan Yu , Yingzhu Wang , Yidi Chen , Rong Zhang , Shanfa Yu , Xiaoting Jin , Yuxin Zheng

Background

The widespread environmental contamination by cobalt compounds, coupled with their documented respiratory toxicities, has become a pressing public health concern. Current mechanistic research on the health impacts of these substances lacks coherence and integration, highlighting the need for a comprehensive investigation into the mechanisms of cobalt-induced lung injury.

Methods

Utilizing CTDbase and NetInfer databases, we obtained target genes of cobalt and its compound and ascertained their associated lung adverse outcomes. Disease-related targets were retrieved from OMIM, DisGeNet, GeneCards, and NCBI databases. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify the core targets between compounds and diseases. Based on the DAVID database, enrichment pathways were evaluated by GO and KEGG analyses. Finally, single-cell analysis was conducted to investigate specific cell types implicated in the cobalt-induced lung hazards.

Results

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) was determined as the most critical lung injury associated with cobalt compounds. In total, we identified 275 compound-related and 3146 PH-related targets, ultimately pinpointing 169 overlapping targets. Among these, 28 pivotal co-targets were implicated in cobalt and its compound-induced PH, including IL6, AKT1, TNF, TP53, NFKB1, HIF1A, etc., which were primarily involved in the IL-17, TNF, and HIF-1 signaling pathways. Moreover, monocytes and macrophages were recognized as effector cells underlying the induction of PH by cobalt exposure, with CXCL8 and HIF1A serving as signature genes.

Conclusion

Our study not only elucidates pivotal target genes, pathways, and specific cell types involved in cobalt-induced lung hazards, but also establishes a novel approach to clarify the mechanisms underlying metal toxicity.

钴化合物对环境的广泛污染，加上其有记录的呼吸道毒性，已成为一个紧迫的公共卫生问题。目前关于这些物质对健康影响的机制研究缺乏连贯性和整体性，突出表明需要对钴诱导的肺损伤机制进行全面调查。方法利用CTDbase和NetInfer数据库，获得钴及其化合物的靶基因，并确定其相关的肺部不良后果。从OMIM、DisGeNet、GeneCards和NCBI数据库中检索疾病相关靶点。构建蛋白-蛋白相互作用（PPI）网络，识别化合物与疾病之间的核心靶点。基于DAVID数据库，通过GO和KEGG分析评估富集途径。最后，进行了单细胞分析，以调查与钴诱导的肺部危害有关的特定细胞类型。结果肺动脉高压（pulmonary hypertension， PH）是钴化合物引起的最严重的肺损伤。总共鉴定了275个化合物相关靶点和3146个ph相关靶点，最终确定了169个重叠靶点。其中，28个关键共靶点与钴及其化合物诱导的PH有关，包括IL6、AKT1、TNF、TP53、NFKB1、HIF1A等，主要参与IL-17、TNF和HIF-1信号通路。此外，单核细胞和巨噬细胞被认为是钴暴露诱导PH的效应细胞，其中CXCL8和HIF1A是标志基因。结论本研究不仅阐明了钴致肺危害的关键靶基因、途径和特定细胞类型，而且为阐明金属毒性的机制建立了新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of heavy metals pollution in vegetables grown on irrigated soil and their potential threat to human health and global food security 灌溉土壤蔬菜重金属污染评价及其对人类健康和全球粮食安全的潜在威胁

Hygiene and environmental health advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2025.100129

Bahati J. Manegabe , Titus A.M. Msagati , Adeeyo Adeyemi Ojutalayo , Marie-Médiatrice Kikongo Ntabugi , John B. Dewar , Karin De Bryun

Heavy metals accumulation in vegetables grown on irrigated soils are affected by human-and natural activities. They represent a serious global concern due to the presence of harmful elements in the water used for irrigation that later accumulate in the soil at high level, affecting soil quality, crops and human health. Within the rhizosphere, metals severely affect microbiome and vegetables physiological function, which can compromise vegetable qualities and through their accumulation present a serious threat to consumers. Factors that influence heavy metal availability include the pH, organic matter, crop- and microbial deposits. Plant and associated symbiotic bacteria have evolved strategies to mitigate metal bacterial secretion into rhizosphere, including the siderophores, phytohormones, antibiotics, mucilage, organic acids, phenols, polypeptides, exopolysaccharides (EPS), as well as inorganic ligands such as NH₄⁺, PO₄^3-, and more may chelate heavy metal ions, desirable to decrease the availability and the uptake of heavy metals in plant and bacteria, potentially beneficial to plants and humans. This review focuses on the source of heavy metals in irrigated soils where vegetables are grown, mobility/availability of metals in such soil, uptake/accumulation by the plant, toxicity of these heavy metals to vegetables and human, and the mitigation strategies used by plants and bacteria to reduce the impact of metals on humans via the food chain.

在灌溉土壤上种植的蔬菜中重金属的积累受到人为和自然活动的影响。由于用于灌溉的水中存在有害元素，这些元素后来在土壤中大量积累，影响土壤质量、作物和人类健康，因此它们引起了全球的严重关切。在根际内，金属会严重影响微生物组和蔬菜的生理功能，从而影响蔬菜的品质，并通过其积累对消费者构成严重威胁。影响重金属有效性的因素包括pH值、有机物、作物和微生物沉积物。植物及其相关共生细菌已经进化出减缓金属细菌向根际分泌的策略，包括铁载体、植物激素、抗生素、粘液、有机酸、酚类、多肽、外多糖（EPS），以及无机配体如NH4+、PO43-等可能螯合重金属离子，有助于降低植物和细菌对重金属的可利用性和吸收，对植物和人类都有潜在的益处。本文综述了蔬菜灌溉土壤中重金属的来源、金属在土壤中的流动性/有效性、植物对重金属的吸收/积累、这些重金属对蔬菜和人类的毒性以及植物和细菌通过食物链减少金属对人类影响的缓解策略。

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引用次数: 0

Biomonitoring result of PFAS exposure from Gabreski Air National Firefighting foam among residents in Westhampton, NY 纽约州西汉普顿居民中Gabreski Air国家消防泡沫中PFAS暴露的生物监测结果

Hygiene and environmental health advances

Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2025.100127

Yichun Liu , Eric J. Rose , Karen Wilson , Wanhsiang Hsu , Ming Liu , Monica Nordstrom , Elizabeth J. Mullin , Steven P. Forand

Background

Perfluorooctanoic sulfonic acid (PFOS) and other per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are considered emerging contaminants. The New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) conducted a PFAS biomonitoring program for a sample of the population served by the public water supply in the Westhampton, NY area (n = 161). The objective of this study was to assess PFAS exposure levels in the study area and identify potential risk factors associated with PFAS concentrations.

Methods

Descriptive analyses were conducted to present both demographic and exposure characteristics. Mann-Whitney U Tests were conducted to compare the differences of four PFAS concentrations, PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS and PFNA, respectively, between the study group and the general population age 12 years and above (NHANES 2017–2018). Multiple linear regressions were conducted to examine PFAS concentration levels in relation to demographic and exposure characteristics. A sub-analysis was conducted for the female only study group to examine the associations between PFAS, risk factors and reproductive factors.

Results

The concentrations of PFAS levels in the Westhampton study group were in general higher than the 2017–2018 U.S population. A positive association was found between age, sex, length of residency (LOR) in the study area and local fish consumption and PFAS serum levels. The final model for PFOS concentrations among females in this study shows that the number of pregnancies was inversely associated with PFOS serum levels. These findings are consistent with other biomonitoring studies.

Conclusion

The PFAS serum levels among study population were slightly elevated compared to the general U.S. population, suggesting a possible relation to public drinking water exposure but not indicative of long-term, high-level exposure to PFAS in the area. For a more thorough biomonitoring surveillance, systematic monitoring with more comprehensive questionnaire should be developed for emerging contaminants such as PFAS.

背景：全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和其他单氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）被认为是新兴污染物。纽约州卫生部（NYSDOH）对纽约州西汉普顿地区公共供水服务的人口样本（n = 161）进行了PFAS生物监测计划。本研究的目的是评估研究区域的PFAS暴露水平，并确定与PFAS浓度相关的潜在危险因素。方法进行描述性分析，以显示人口统计学和暴露特征。通过Mann-Whitney U检验，比较研究组与12岁及以上普通人群中PFOS、PFOA、PFHxS和PFNA四种PFAS浓度的差异（NHANES 2017-2018）。采用多元线性回归来检验PFAS浓度水平与人口统计学和暴露特征的关系。对女性研究组进行了一项亚分析，以检查PFAS、危险因素和生殖因素之间的关系。结果西安普顿研究组的PFAS浓度水平总体高于2017-2018年美国人群。研究区域的年龄、性别、居住时间与当地鱼类消费量和PFAS血清水平呈正相关。本研究中女性全氟辛烷磺酸浓度的最终模型表明，怀孕次数与全氟辛烷磺酸血清水平呈负相关。这些发现与其他生物监测研究一致。结论研究人群的PFAS血清水平与美国一般人群相比略有升高，这可能与公共饮用水暴露有关，但并不表明该地区长期高水平暴露于PFAS。为了更彻底地进行生物监测，应该对PFAS等新出现的污染物进行更全面的系统监测和问卷调查。

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引用次数: 0

A systematic review of risks associated with environmental change on refractive and non-refractive ocular health: Special focus on Africa 与环境变化有关的屈光和非屈光眼健康风险的系统审查：特别关注非洲

Hygiene and environmental health advances

Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2025.100128

Emmanuel Elochukwu Okenwa-Vincent , Nathan Riel , Linda S. Pagani

Background

Over the past two decades, the African continent has faced numerous environmental shifts that affect population health. Climate change, rapid urbanization, and air pollution contribute significant risks to human health. The impact of these shifts on refractive and non-refractive ocular health in Africa remains largely empirically undocumented.

Objectives

A systematic review of the risks associated with environmental factors on refractive and non-refractive ocular health, with a specific emphasis on the African context.

Methods

This systematic review over the recent decade, conforming to PRISMA guidelines, spanned two primary databases, PubMed, and Google Scholar. It included a combination of keywords related to ocular health, environmental change, air pollution, climate change, water quality, and other related concepts. In total, it captured 77 articles from 2013 to July 2023 that met review quality guidelines.

Results

The review comprised varied study designs with a notable inclusion of cross-sectional (25·9%), cohort (14·3%), and review articles (36·4%). Findings indicated a significant correlation between air pollutants like PM_2·5 and NO_x with ocular diseases such as dry eye and ocular surface disorders (16·8%), conjunctival disorders (7·8%), and myopia (5·2%). Climate change exacerbated by rising temperatures and UV radiation was implicated in 39% of studies, with a specific focus on its relation to cataracts (5·2%) and retinal-related disorders (10·4%). Additionally, indoor air pollution disproportionately affected women and children in rural settings of Africa.

Conclusions

The data indicate the need for urgent continental and regional policies against air pollution and climate change to safeguard ocular health, especially among vulnerable African populations. The review underscores the need for interdisciplinary policy to address challenges. The documentation of the relationship between environmental factors and ocular health intersects with Sustainable Development Goals that emphasize the need for improved preventive eye care and intervention, particularly among vulnerable populations and rural inhabitants.

背景过去二十年来，非洲大陆面临着许多影响人口健康的环境变化。气候变化、快速城市化和空气污染对人类健康构成重大风险。这些变化对非洲屈光和非屈光眼健康的影响在很大程度上尚无经验记载。目的系统回顾与屈光和非屈光眼健康相关的环境因素的风险，特别强调非洲的背景。方法根据PRISMA指南，对近十年来的文献进行系统回顾，涉及两个主要数据库：PubMed和谷歌Scholar。它包括与眼健康、环境变化、空气污染、气候变化、水质和其他相关概念相关的关键词组合。从2013年到2023年7月，它总共捕获了77篇符合评审质量指南的文章。结果本综述包括多种研究设计，其中包括横断面研究（25.9%）、队列研究（14.3%）和综述文章（36.4%）。结果表明，pm5和NOx等空气污染物与干眼和眼表疾病（16.8%）、结膜疾病（7.8%）、近视（5.2%）等眼部疾病有显著相关性。39%的研究涉及气温上升和紫外线辐射加剧的气候变化，特别关注其与白内障（5.2%）和视网膜相关疾病（10.4%）的关系。此外，室内空气污染对非洲农村妇女和儿童的影响尤为严重。结论：这些数据表明，迫切需要制定针对空气污染和气候变化的大陆和区域政策，以保护眼部健康，特别是在脆弱的非洲人群中。该审查强调需要跨学科政策来应对挑战。环境因素与眼健康之间关系的文献记录与可持续发展目标相一致，可持续发展目标强调需要改进预防性眼保健和干预措施，特别是在弱势群体和农村居民中。

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引用次数: 0