Abstract Dual-phase duplex stainless steel (DSS) has shown outstanding strength. Joining DSS alloy is challenging due to the formation of embrittling precipitates and metallurgical changes during the welding process. Generally, the quality of a weld joint is strongly influenced by the welding conditions. Mathematical models were developed to achieve high-quality welds and predict the ideal bead geometry to achieve optimal mechanical properties. Artificial neural networks are computational models used to address complex nonlinear relationships between input and output variables. It is one of the powerful modeling techniques, based on a statistical approach, presently practiced in engineering for complex relationships that are difficult to explain with physical models. For this study robotic GMAW welding process manufactured the duplex stainless steel welds at different welding conditions. Two tensile specimens were manufactured from each welded plate, resulting in 14 tensile specimens. This research focuses on predicting the yield strength, tensile stress, elongation, and fracture location of duplex stainless steel SAF 2205 welds using back-propagation neural networks. The predicted values of tensile strength were later on compared with experimental values obtained through the tensile test. The results indicate <2% of error between observed and predicted values of mechanical properties when using the neural network model. In addition, it was observed that the tensile strength values of the welds were higher than the base metal and that this increased when increasing the arc current. The welds’ yield strength and elongation values are lower than the base metal by 6%, ~ 9.75%, respectively. The yield strength and elongation decrease might be due to microstructural changes when arc energy increases during the welding.
{"title":"Prediction of Mechanical Properties as a Function of Welding Variables in Robotic Gas Metal Arc Welding of Duplex Stainless Steels SAF 2205 Welds Through Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"C. Payares-Asprino","doi":"10.2478/adms-2021-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/adms-2021-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dual-phase duplex stainless steel (DSS) has shown outstanding strength. Joining DSS alloy is challenging due to the formation of embrittling precipitates and metallurgical changes during the welding process. Generally, the quality of a weld joint is strongly influenced by the welding conditions. Mathematical models were developed to achieve high-quality welds and predict the ideal bead geometry to achieve optimal mechanical properties. Artificial neural networks are computational models used to address complex nonlinear relationships between input and output variables. It is one of the powerful modeling techniques, based on a statistical approach, presently practiced in engineering for complex relationships that are difficult to explain with physical models. For this study robotic GMAW welding process manufactured the duplex stainless steel welds at different welding conditions. Two tensile specimens were manufactured from each welded plate, resulting in 14 tensile specimens. This research focuses on predicting the yield strength, tensile stress, elongation, and fracture location of duplex stainless steel SAF 2205 welds using back-propagation neural networks. The predicted values of tensile strength were later on compared with experimental values obtained through the tensile test. The results indicate <2% of error between observed and predicted values of mechanical properties when using the neural network model. In addition, it was observed that the tensile strength values of the welds were higher than the base metal and that this increased when increasing the arc current. The welds’ yield strength and elongation values are lower than the base metal by 6%, ~ 9.75%, respectively. The yield strength and elongation decrease might be due to microstructural changes when arc energy increases during the welding.","PeriodicalId":7327,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science","volume":"73 4 1","pages":"75 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84723451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This research aimed to study the induction in-situ heated hybrid friction stir welding (IAFSW) method to join AA5052 aluminium alloy with X12Cr13 stainless steel (SS) to enhance joint strength. The potency of this method on the mechanical properties and microstructural characterizations were also investigated. The results show that the transverse tensile strength gained was 94% of the AA5052 base metal that is 229.5 MPa. This superior strength was achieved due to the annealing that happened to the AA 5052 region and elevated plastic flow in the weld zone by the in-situ induction heating, which resulted in the elongation of the weld region. The microstructure characterization indicates that a refined grain structure was gained in the nugget zone without defects.
{"title":"Induction Assisted Hybrid Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Materials AA5052 Aluminium Alloy and X12Cr13 Stainless Steel","authors":"Dhanesh G. Mohan, J. Tomków, S. Gopi","doi":"10.2478/adms-2021-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/adms-2021-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research aimed to study the induction in-situ heated hybrid friction stir welding (IAFSW) method to join AA5052 aluminium alloy with X12Cr13 stainless steel (SS) to enhance joint strength. The potency of this method on the mechanical properties and microstructural characterizations were also investigated. The results show that the transverse tensile strength gained was 94% of the AA5052 base metal that is 229.5 MPa. This superior strength was achieved due to the annealing that happened to the AA 5052 region and elevated plastic flow in the weld zone by the in-situ induction heating, which resulted in the elongation of the weld region. The microstructure characterization indicates that a refined grain structure was gained in the nugget zone without defects.","PeriodicalId":7327,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science","volume":"42 1","pages":"17 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73927206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Trzepieciński, H. Lemu, Łukasz Chodoła, Daniel Ficek, Ireneusz Szczęsny
Abstract This paper presents a method of determining the coefficient of friction in metal forming using multilayer perceptron based on experimental data obtained from the pin-on-disk tribometer. As test material, deep-drawing quality DC01, DC03 and DC05 steel sheets were used. The experimental results show that the coefficient of friction depends on the measured angle from the rolling direction and corresponds to the surface topography. The number of input variables of the artificial neural network was optimized using genetic algorithms. In this process, surface parameters of the sheet, sheet material parameters, friction conditions and pressure force were used as input parameters to train the artificial neural network. Some of the obtained results have pointed out that genetic algorithm can successfully be applied to optimize the training set. The trained multilayer perceptron predicted the value of the friction coefficient for the DC04 sheet. It was found that the tested steel sheet exhibits anisotropic tribological properties. The highest values of the coefficient of friction under dry friction conditions were registered for sheet DC05, which had the lowest value of the yield stress. Prediction results of coefficient of friction by multilayer perceptron were in qualitative and quantitative agreement with the experimental ones.
{"title":"Modelling Anisotropic Phenomena of Friction of Deep-Drawing Quality Steel Sheets Using Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"T. Trzepieciński, H. Lemu, Łukasz Chodoła, Daniel Ficek, Ireneusz Szczęsny","doi":"10.2478/adms-2021-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/adms-2021-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents a method of determining the coefficient of friction in metal forming using multilayer perceptron based on experimental data obtained from the pin-on-disk tribometer. As test material, deep-drawing quality DC01, DC03 and DC05 steel sheets were used. The experimental results show that the coefficient of friction depends on the measured angle from the rolling direction and corresponds to the surface topography. The number of input variables of the artificial neural network was optimized using genetic algorithms. In this process, surface parameters of the sheet, sheet material parameters, friction conditions and pressure force were used as input parameters to train the artificial neural network. Some of the obtained results have pointed out that genetic algorithm can successfully be applied to optimize the training set. The trained multilayer perceptron predicted the value of the friction coefficient for the DC04 sheet. It was found that the tested steel sheet exhibits anisotropic tribological properties. The highest values of the coefficient of friction under dry friction conditions were registered for sheet DC05, which had the lowest value of the yield stress. Prediction results of coefficient of friction by multilayer perceptron were in qualitative and quantitative agreement with the experimental ones.","PeriodicalId":7327,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science","volume":"78 1","pages":"31 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85376496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article presents the results of experimental studies determining the influence of the type of adhesive on the static strength properties of the Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) composite joint determined on the basis of the T-peel test. As part of the static tests on peeling joints, a comparison of peak load and stiffness for individual joints was made. The fracture surfaces were also analyzed, showing various failure mechanisms. It was shown that the variant of joints made with the Enguard BP72A polyester adhesive was characterized by the highest strength properties with a mean peak load of 836.73 N.
{"title":"Influence of the Type of Adhesive on the Properties of the GFRP Composite Adhesive Joint, Determined on the Basis of the Static T-Peel Test","authors":"A. Kubit, T. Katrňák, T. Pytlowany","doi":"10.2478/adms-2021-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/adms-2021-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents the results of experimental studies determining the influence of the type of adhesive on the static strength properties of the Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) composite joint determined on the basis of the T-peel test. As part of the static tests on peeling joints, a comparison of peak load and stiffness for individual joints was made. The fracture surfaces were also analyzed, showing various failure mechanisms. It was shown that the variant of joints made with the Enguard BP72A polyester adhesive was characterized by the highest strength properties with a mean peak load of 836.73 N.","PeriodicalId":7327,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science","volume":"134 1","pages":"63 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79406405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A significant number of investigations have been reported on the elaboration and characterization of Polymer/Clays composites, via different methods. In our work, new composites materials were successfully prepared by in-situ polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP), in presence of two different types of Algerian modified clays (Maghnia and Mostaganem), noted (BC) and (MC), respectively. Different percentage clays (1 wt%, 3 wt% and 5 wt%) have been used. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis reveals the variation of glass transition temperature (Tg) of the copolymer in the composite materials. We show a decrease glass transition temperature (Tg) from 147°C to 131°C for P4VP-BC and from 147°C to 124°C for P4VP-MC according to the increase percentage of clays. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows good stability of composite materials at high temperature. Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and 1H NMR spectroscopy are used to show the presence of the clays in the materials.
{"title":"Plasticizing Properties Improvement of Poly (4-Vinylpyridine)/Clay Composites: Effect of Composition and Clay Nature","authors":"F. Dergal, D. Lerari, K. Bacharı","doi":"10.2478/adms-2021-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/adms-2021-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A significant number of investigations have been reported on the elaboration and characterization of Polymer/Clays composites, via different methods. In our work, new composites materials were successfully prepared by in-situ polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP), in presence of two different types of Algerian modified clays (Maghnia and Mostaganem), noted (BC) and (MC), respectively. Different percentage clays (1 wt%, 3 wt% and 5 wt%) have been used. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis reveals the variation of glass transition temperature (Tg) of the copolymer in the composite materials. We show a decrease glass transition temperature (Tg) from 147°C to 131°C for P4VP-BC and from 147°C to 124°C for P4VP-MC according to the increase percentage of clays. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows good stability of composite materials at high temperature. Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and 1H NMR spectroscopy are used to show the presence of the clays in the materials.","PeriodicalId":7327,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"5 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89371076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This research mainly concentrates on eco-friendly construction material. Production of cement and concrete industries release huge amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and greenhouse gases which affect the environment and also there is a demand in construction material by man-made or nature. The construction sector finds an economic and eco-friendly cement replacement material to achieve the demand for green concrete that improve the energy conservation and better energy saving material. In marine Bio-refinery waste produce huge quantity of calcium carbonate, whose disposal is cause of major concern. Pre-eminent solution for this problem is utilizing the marine shell waste in cement and concrete. It revises the manufacturing process to reduce the raw material usage in production and adoptable material for global warming. Therefore, the researchers focus on marine waste sea shells as the replacement material in construction industry to save the energy and also give sustainable green material. As per the previous studies by the researchers to determine the chemical composition, specific gravity, water absorption, particle size distribution of seashells and also compressive, flexural and tensile strength of concrete. It shows the seashell is filler material that slightly increases the strength when compared to the conventional materials and therefore the sea shells are suitable for the construction field to manufacture the cement and concrete with eco-friendly manner.
{"title":"A Review on Utilizing the Marine Biorefinery Waste in Construction Raw Materials to Reduce Land Pollution and Enhance Green Environment","authors":"Monisha Ravi, Balasubramanian Murugesan, Arul Jeyakumar, Kiranmayi Raparthi","doi":"10.2478/adms-2021-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/adms-2021-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research mainly concentrates on eco-friendly construction material. Production of cement and concrete industries release huge amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and greenhouse gases which affect the environment and also there is a demand in construction material by man-made or nature. The construction sector finds an economic and eco-friendly cement replacement material to achieve the demand for green concrete that improve the energy conservation and better energy saving material. In marine Bio-refinery waste produce huge quantity of calcium carbonate, whose disposal is cause of major concern. Pre-eminent solution for this problem is utilizing the marine shell waste in cement and concrete. It revises the manufacturing process to reduce the raw material usage in production and adoptable material for global warming. Therefore, the researchers focus on marine waste sea shells as the replacement material in construction industry to save the energy and also give sustainable green material. As per the previous studies by the researchers to determine the chemical composition, specific gravity, water absorption, particle size distribution of seashells and also compressive, flexural and tensile strength of concrete. It shows the seashell is filler material that slightly increases the strength when compared to the conventional materials and therefore the sea shells are suitable for the construction field to manufacture the cement and concrete with eco-friendly manner.","PeriodicalId":7327,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"43 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83582764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-13DOI: 10.11648/J.AM.20211002.12
S. Saxena, Punya Saluja, J. Krishna, T. Basu
Environment is witnessing an extensive increase in persistent and bioactive micro pollutants from the last few decades. Since most clinical modalities are flooded with antibiotics, environmental samples such as sewage treatment effluents, surface water and secondary water drainage etc. reveal the presence of bio-recalcitrant antibiotics worldwide, ergo there is a spurring rise in antibiotic resistant microorganisms. In order to circumvent the escalating concentration of amoxicillin (microgram/liter) we contrived a potential metal organic framework (MOF) and lab tested it for catalytic functionality. A zinc-porphyrin MOF using Tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin H2TCPP (>97%) as a ligand and Zinc acetate as a metal salt was solvo-thermally synthesized. The morphological and structural characterization were performed using FESEM, XRD, EDAX, FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The fabricated MOF catalyst exhibits sterling ability of amoxicillin degradation in a dark environment at room temperature, accounting a degradation efficiency of about 97.3% in a 0.1 mg/ml concentration. 90 minutes of catalyst exposure to the antibiotic shows maximum degradation after which there is no further change in amoxicillin concentration. First time we have exploited electrochemical cyclic voltametric (CV) measurement to monitor the degradation process which was validated by FTIR recording, and noticed that the degradation process followed a first order kinetics. We have also discussed the morphological stability of the fabricated Zn porphyrin MOF after antibiotic exposure and reported a comparative outline between catalytic efficiency of different MOF species. High porosity and effective charge transfer between carboxyphenyl) porphyrin ligand to vacant d orbital of Zn+2 are pivotal factors for effective sorption and degradation of amoxicillin antibiotics dark at room temperature. We would expect the developed Zn porphyrin MOF is very promising for successful commercial application due to its energy efficiency (dark) and simple process for effective degradation of antibiotics.
{"title":"Morphological and Structural Elucidation of Room Temperature Catalytic Degradation of Amoxicillin Antibiotic Using Zinc Porphyrin Metal Organic Framework","authors":"S. Saxena, Punya Saluja, J. Krishna, T. Basu","doi":"10.11648/J.AM.20211002.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AM.20211002.12","url":null,"abstract":"Environment is witnessing an extensive increase in persistent and bioactive micro pollutants from the last few decades. Since most clinical modalities are flooded with antibiotics, environmental samples such as sewage treatment effluents, surface water and secondary water drainage etc. reveal the presence of bio-recalcitrant antibiotics worldwide, ergo there is a spurring rise in antibiotic resistant microorganisms. In order to circumvent the escalating concentration of amoxicillin (microgram/liter) we contrived a potential metal organic framework (MOF) and lab tested it for catalytic functionality. A zinc-porphyrin MOF using Tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin H2TCPP (>97%) as a ligand and Zinc acetate as a metal salt was solvo-thermally synthesized. The morphological and structural characterization were performed using FESEM, XRD, EDAX, FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The fabricated MOF catalyst exhibits sterling ability of amoxicillin degradation in a dark environment at room temperature, accounting a degradation efficiency of about 97.3% in a 0.1 mg/ml concentration. 90 minutes of catalyst exposure to the antibiotic shows maximum degradation after which there is no further change in amoxicillin concentration. First time we have exploited electrochemical cyclic voltametric (CV) measurement to monitor the degradation process which was validated by FTIR recording, and noticed that the degradation process followed a first order kinetics. We have also discussed the morphological stability of the fabricated Zn porphyrin MOF after antibiotic exposure and reported a comparative outline between catalytic efficiency of different MOF species. High porosity and effective charge transfer between carboxyphenyl) porphyrin ligand to vacant d orbital of Zn+2 are pivotal factors for effective sorption and degradation of amoxicillin antibiotics dark at room temperature. We would expect the developed Zn porphyrin MOF is very promising for successful commercial application due to its energy efficiency (dark) and simple process for effective degradation of antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":7327,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90614849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-15DOI: 10.11648/J.AM.20211002.11
M. Sall, Alassane Traoré, A. Wade, P. Gueye, S. Diouf, G. Dieye, Djibril Diop
Recycling of wastes and their by-products is attracting increasing interest worldwide because of the high environmental impact in the cement, concrete and other industries. This work deals with the study of the physico-chemical characteristics of binders based on sewage sludge ashes and lime. In a first step, we used X-ray fluorescence to determine the chemical composition of ash, lime and binders. This allowed us to see that the chemical composition of sewage sludge ash is similar to that of cement. We then used X-ray diffraction to identify the main mineralogical phases in the samples. Compressive strengths of mortars containing 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of SSA showed that SSA has a long-term positive effect which might be related to a slight pozzolanic activity. The L4 binder consisting of 80% fine ash and 20% lime has a higher compressive strength than the others. The binder setting start time is greater than that of cement but shorter than that of lime. The study of the thermophysical properties of the L4 binder shows that it has a higher thermal resistance than cement and clay mortars. Moreover, it heats up less quickly because of its low effusivity compared to the latter two. This analysis highlighted the principal characteristics that must be taken into account to use SSA correctly in lime-based materials.
{"title":"Potential Use of Sewage Sludge Ash in Lime-Based Materials","authors":"M. Sall, Alassane Traoré, A. Wade, P. Gueye, S. Diouf, G. Dieye, Djibril Diop","doi":"10.11648/J.AM.20211002.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AM.20211002.11","url":null,"abstract":"Recycling of wastes and their by-products is attracting increasing interest worldwide because of the high environmental impact in the cement, concrete and other industries. This work deals with the study of the physico-chemical characteristics of binders based on sewage sludge ashes and lime. In a first step, we used X-ray fluorescence to determine the chemical composition of ash, lime and binders. This allowed us to see that the chemical composition of sewage sludge ash is similar to that of cement. We then used X-ray diffraction to identify the main mineralogical phases in the samples. Compressive strengths of mortars containing 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of SSA showed that SSA has a long-term positive effect which might be related to a slight pozzolanic activity. The L4 binder consisting of 80% fine ash and 20% lime has a higher compressive strength than the others. The binder setting start time is greater than that of cement but shorter than that of lime. The study of the thermophysical properties of the L4 binder shows that it has a higher thermal resistance than cement and clay mortars. Moreover, it heats up less quickly because of its low effusivity compared to the latter two. This analysis highlighted the principal characteristics that must be taken into account to use SSA correctly in lime-based materials.","PeriodicalId":7327,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75418162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-08DOI: 10.11648/j.am.20211001.12
G. Ekoko, P. O. Lohohola, J. L. Muswema, Hercule Mulenda Kalele, O. M. Mvele, Joseph K.-K. Lobo, Désiré Kabuya Tshibangu
Magnetic cobalt ferrite has wide spread applications, especially as catalyst for the conversion of alkenes to related aldehydes. Despite several studies found in the literature concerning the fabrication of cobalt ferrite, none has reported on gamma irradiation as a tool for the synthesis of submicrometer sized inverse spinel CoFe2O4. The actual investigation reports on the application of γ-irradiation method for the synthesis of superparamagnetic CoFe2O4, using metal salts precursors and organic reagents. The material fabrication occurs in two main steps as sofar described. The obtained powder was isolated after irradiation and was characterized using X-ray diffraction method, transmission electron microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible measurements and vibrating sample magnetometer. Furthermore, the X-ray diffraction data revealed the presence of a reverse spinel structure. The magnetic properties of the fabricated powder exhibited the measured lower coercivity and remanence, demonstrating that the spinel powders are made of superparamagnetic particles and finally, to gain information about the photocatalytic properties of the synthetized material, the room temperature recorded optical measurements for different samples proved that these powder materials may probably exhibit new opportunities which could improve their high photocatalytic efficiency under visible light. The prepared materials could be used as potetentiel candididates for the oxidation of organics compounds.
{"title":"Characterization of Supermagnetic Cobalt Ferrite Submicrometer Particles Fabricated Under γ–Irradiation","authors":"G. Ekoko, P. O. Lohohola, J. L. Muswema, Hercule Mulenda Kalele, O. M. Mvele, Joseph K.-K. Lobo, Désiré Kabuya Tshibangu","doi":"10.11648/j.am.20211001.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20211001.12","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic cobalt ferrite has wide spread applications, especially as catalyst for the conversion of alkenes to related aldehydes. Despite several studies found in the literature concerning the fabrication of cobalt ferrite, none has reported on gamma irradiation as a tool for the synthesis of submicrometer sized inverse spinel CoFe2O4. The actual investigation reports on the application of γ-irradiation method for the synthesis of superparamagnetic CoFe2O4, using metal salts precursors and organic reagents. The material fabrication occurs in two main steps as sofar described. The obtained powder was isolated after irradiation and was characterized using X-ray diffraction method, transmission electron microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible measurements and vibrating sample magnetometer. Furthermore, the X-ray diffraction data revealed the presence of a reverse spinel structure. The magnetic properties of the fabricated powder exhibited the measured lower coercivity and remanence, demonstrating that the spinel powders are made of superparamagnetic particles and finally, to gain information about the photocatalytic properties of the synthetized material, the room temperature recorded optical measurements for different samples proved that these powder materials may probably exhibit new opportunities which could improve their high photocatalytic efficiency under visible light. The prepared materials could be used as potetentiel candididates for the oxidation of organics compounds.","PeriodicalId":7327,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73055342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The mechanical properties of the Al-7075 material, which is used in important areas such as automotive, aviation and defense industry, are still being studied by researchers. In this study, the effects of different proportions of Nb additives on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the rapidly solidified Al-7075 alloy was investigated. Rapid solidification processes were carried out with a single roller melt spinner at a disk surface speed of 25 m / s. Microstructure characterization was performed by using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction. According to the results, the Nb additive significantly increased the micro hardness of the Al-7075 alloy. The microhardness of the sample added with 0.5% by weight of Nb is 0.9 GPa. This value is 3 times higher than the sample without Nb added. The Nb contribution has led to modification of the dimensions and shapes of both α-Al and intermetallic phases. Nb addition reduced the average grain size from 9.1 µm to 2.46 µm.
Al-7075材料在汽车、航空和国防工业等重要领域的应用，其力学性能仍在研究中。研究了不同比例Nb添加剂对快速凝固Al-7075合金组织和力学性能的影响。采用单辊熔融纺丝机在25 m / s的圆盘表面速度下进行快速凝固，并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和x射线衍射对其微观结构进行表征。结果表明，Nb的加入显著提高了Al-7075合金的显微硬度。添加0.5%重量Nb的样品显微硬度为0.9 GPa。该值比未添加Nb的样品高3倍。Nb的加入改变了α-Al相和金属间相的尺寸和形状。Nb的加入使平均晶粒尺寸从9.1µm减小到2.46µm。
{"title":"The Effects of Nb Addition on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Melt Spun Al-7075 Alloy","authors":"M. F. Kılıçaslan, Saad Ibrahim Elburni, B. Akgul","doi":"10.2478/adms-2021-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/adms-2021-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The mechanical properties of the Al-7075 material, which is used in important areas such as automotive, aviation and defense industry, are still being studied by researchers. In this study, the effects of different proportions of Nb additives on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the rapidly solidified Al-7075 alloy was investigated. Rapid solidification processes were carried out with a single roller melt spinner at a disk surface speed of 25 m / s. Microstructure characterization was performed by using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction. According to the results, the Nb additive significantly increased the micro hardness of the Al-7075 alloy. The microhardness of the sample added with 0.5% by weight of Nb is 0.9 GPa. This value is 3 times higher than the sample without Nb added. The Nb contribution has led to modification of the dimensions and shapes of both α-Al and intermetallic phases. Nb addition reduced the average grain size from 9.1 µm to 2.46 µm.","PeriodicalId":7327,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"16 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81877043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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