Pub Date : 2010-06-30DOI: 10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033738
Jiong Yan, Anne-Kathrin Zschiegner, Jian-chao Xi, J. Barkmann, R. Marggraf
The identification of attitudes has been shown to enhance the prediction of consumer behaviour. Chinese tourist attitudes toward sustainable tourism services received little attention; however, as most work on Chinese tourism is conducted from a supply side perspective. We report results from a study conducted in Beijing and Chengdu (mainland China) on the influence of attitudes on the economic preferences (willingness-to-pay/WTP) for sustainable tourism services (n = 213). Two 'positive' attitude dimensions received very high agreement ratings, but did not influence WTP. In contrast, a 'negative' sceptical attitude had a negative effect on preferences. For illustration, we apply calculated WTP values to tourism development scenarios of two nature- and landscape-oriented destinations in western China. Scenario comparison demonstrates high risks of non-sustainable tourism development. Once the natural and cultural heritage is compromised and the tourism experience is tarnished, improvements in trip convenience may not offset economic losses of tourism value.
{"title":"Is the Chinese tourist ready for sustainable tourism? Attitudes and preferences for sustainable tourism services","authors":"Jiong Yan, Anne-Kathrin Zschiegner, Jian-chao Xi, J. Barkmann, R. Marggraf","doi":"10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033738","url":null,"abstract":"The identification of attitudes has been shown to enhance the prediction of consumer behaviour. Chinese tourist attitudes toward sustainable tourism services received little attention; however, as most work on Chinese tourism is conducted from a supply side perspective. We report results from a study conducted in Beijing and Chengdu (mainland China) on the influence of attitudes on the economic preferences (willingness-to-pay/WTP) for sustainable tourism services (n = 213). Two 'positive' attitude dimensions received very high agreement ratings, but did not influence WTP. In contrast, a 'negative' sceptical attitude had a negative effect on preferences. For illustration, we apply calculated WTP values to tourism development scenarios of two nature- and landscape-oriented destinations in western China. Scenario comparison demonstrates high risks of non-sustainable tourism development. Once the natural and cultural heritage is compromised and the tourism experience is tarnished, improvements in trip convenience may not offset economic losses of tourism value.","PeriodicalId":73431,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Chinese culture and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033738","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66716724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-30DOI: 10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033735
O. Gupta, Yuan-Duen Lee, Y. Wang
The fast development of information technology and the expansion of business globalisation have resulted in organisational restructuring. There have been, however, few successful cases of restructuring. Previous studies have indicated that success of organisational restructuring depends primarily on organisational culture. The 36 Strategies, which are the quintessence of traditional Chinese war tactics, have been part of ordinary life. However, despite their importance, there have been few studies to evaluate the feasibility of applying the 36 Strategies on organisational culture change. This study investigates how the 36 Strategies are correlated to their application in organisational culture.
{"title":"The impact of Chinese philosophy to organisational culture change: the 36 Strategies","authors":"O. Gupta, Yuan-Duen Lee, Y. Wang","doi":"10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033735","url":null,"abstract":"The fast development of information technology and the expansion of business globalisation have resulted in organisational restructuring. There have been, however, few successful cases of restructuring. Previous studies have indicated that success of organisational restructuring depends primarily on organisational culture. The 36 Strategies, which are the quintessence of traditional Chinese war tactics, have been part of ordinary life. However, despite their importance, there have been few studies to evaluate the feasibility of applying the 36 Strategies on organisational culture change. This study investigates how the 36 Strategies are correlated to their application in organisational culture.","PeriodicalId":73431,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Chinese culture and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033735","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66716669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-30DOI: 10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033734
Xiao Ying, Greg Clydesdale
This paper considers the durability of Chinese culture given the introduction of foreign business and consumption patterns into China. It does this by contrasting Chairman Mao's Cultural Revolution, an internally driven attempt to change China's culture, with the cultural effects of globalisation. Although the Cultural Revolution promoted culture based on proletarian values, the technologies lacked the diffusion and production qualities found in the West. This meant the nation was vulnerable to cultural homogenisation when the economy was opened to Western products. With increased wealth, markets for artists and advanced technologies, we can expect a greater indigenous cultural contribution from and a reassertion of China's cultural influence in the future.
{"title":"Two cultural revolutions: globalisation and Mao","authors":"Xiao Ying, Greg Clydesdale","doi":"10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033734","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the durability of Chinese culture given the introduction of foreign business and consumption patterns into China. It does this by contrasting Chairman Mao's Cultural Revolution, an internally driven attempt to change China's culture, with the cultural effects of globalisation. Although the Cultural Revolution promoted culture based on proletarian values, the technologies lacked the diffusion and production qualities found in the West. This meant the nation was vulnerable to cultural homogenisation when the economy was opened to Western products. With increased wealth, markets for artists and advanced technologies, we can expect a greater indigenous cultural contribution from and a reassertion of China's cultural influence in the future.","PeriodicalId":73431,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Chinese culture and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033734","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66716627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-30DOI: 10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033733
T. Daim, Ramin Neshati, Songphon Munkongsujarit
US technology firms have ventured into the Chinese market over the past couple of decades only to find that their potential market opportunities have been sharply curtailed by governmental, social, technology adoption and competitive barriers that they did not anticipate or that they were too quick to dismiss as non-consequential. In this paper, we highlight some of the challenges faced by US software firms with business interests in China. After outlining the major issues faced by these firms and a pithy survey of the relevant academic literature, we delve into our main research question, to-wit: how can US software firms profitably operate in China without compromising their IP portfolios and stem the losses from piracy and other emerging threats?
{"title":"Intellectual property rights considerations for US software firms with business interests in China","authors":"T. Daim, Ramin Neshati, Songphon Munkongsujarit","doi":"10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033733","url":null,"abstract":"US technology firms have ventured into the Chinese market over the past couple of decades only to find that their potential market opportunities have been sharply curtailed by governmental, social, technology adoption and competitive barriers that they did not anticipate or that they were too quick to dismiss as non-consequential. In this paper, we highlight some of the challenges faced by US software firms with business interests in China. After outlining the major issues faced by these firms and a pithy survey of the relevant academic literature, we delve into our main research question, to-wit: how can US software firms profitably operate in China without compromising their IP portfolios and stem the losses from piracy and other emerging threats?","PeriodicalId":73431,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Chinese culture and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033733","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66716614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-30DOI: 10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033737
Carlos Moslares, Ricardo Úbeda
With consumption rising 10?15% per year, there is no doubt about the potential of Chinese wine market. Market share and global exports from Western countries have been continuously increasing starting a trend of annual double digit growth these past years and almost making the Chinese market's limit unreachable. However, there are some facts that seriously affect this trend: the domestic wine production – as demand increases so does domestic production, domestic producers are well aware of the government's goal of self-sufficiency; the market structure – strong domestic producers and distribution difficulties critically influence strategies for exporters; and the wine consumer's behaviour – quite different from European or US markets, affecting price and advertising strategies.
{"title":"China's wine market: strategic considerations for Western exporters","authors":"Carlos Moslares, Ricardo Úbeda","doi":"10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033737","url":null,"abstract":"With consumption rising 10?15% per year, there is no doubt about the potential of Chinese wine market. Market share and global exports from Western countries have been continuously increasing starting a trend of annual double digit growth these past years and almost making the Chinese market's limit unreachable. However, there are some facts that seriously affect this trend: the domestic wine production – as demand increases so does domestic production, domestic producers are well aware of the government's goal of self-sufficiency; the market structure – strong domestic producers and distribution difficulties critically influence strategies for exporters; and the wine consumer's behaviour – quite different from European or US markets, affecting price and advertising strategies.","PeriodicalId":73431,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Chinese culture and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJCCM.2010.033737","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66716711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-30DOI: 10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029404
Anthony Y. H. Fung
This article discusses the cultural effect of a popular Chinese female artist and singer Sammi Cheng and how her persona and stardom might possibly rock the gender values of various Chinese communities. Despite the fact that she openly denies her feminist identity, under the Chinese context, the notion of gender identities is negotiated around her songs and performativity. Culturally unconventional and provoking, Sammi explicitly represents herself as androgynous in the lyrics of her song 'Non Male Non Female'.
本文讨论了中国著名女艺人兼歌手郑sammi的文化影响，以及她的个人形象和明星身份如何可能撼动中国各个社区的性别价值观。尽管她公开否认自己的女权主义身份，但在中国语境下，性别身份的概念是围绕着她的歌曲和表演进行协商的。Sammi在她的歌曲“Non Male Non Female”的歌词中明确地将自己表现为雌雄同体。
{"title":"Rocking gender values: Sammi Cheng's androgynous persona","authors":"Anthony Y. H. Fung","doi":"10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029404","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the cultural effect of a popular Chinese female artist and singer Sammi Cheng and how her persona and stardom might possibly rock the gender values of various Chinese communities. Despite the fact that she openly denies her feminist identity, under the Chinese context, the notion of gender identities is negotiated around her songs and performativity. Culturally unconventional and provoking, Sammi explicitly represents herself as androgynous in the lyrics of her song 'Non Male Non Female'.","PeriodicalId":73431,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Chinese culture and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66716806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-30DOI: 10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029406
Hong-Chi Shiau
As one of the most influential Chinese singers, with an impact extending beyond the merely commercial to include the cultural and political, Teresa (Theresa) Teng (Deng) remained popular throughout Chinese diaspora communities even after her death in 1995. This study examines how Chinese immigrants in the USA derived meanings from media texts related to Teresa Teng, and how they maintained and negotiated their Chinese identity despite their disparate history of migration. Simple and poetic, the lyrics sung by Teng spoke to my informants as they experienced the anxiety of exile and expectations of homecoming. Through Teresa's music, the immigrants reflected upon their experiences of migration as surmountable obstacles leading to acclimation; as loneliness and struggle as well as friendship and intimacy; and as difficult adjustments in conflict with tradition. Generally, the retrieved narratives shared by the owners of Chinese restaurant relate her songs to the sacrifice embodied in their experiences of migration, while others focus on the struggle against adversity and violation by affirming their cultural hybridity and changing social positions. Consequently, this study presents a cultural, historical and critical perspective on the vicissitudes of identity and diaspora.
{"title":"Migration, nostalgia and identity negotiation: Teresa Teng in the Chinese diaspora.","authors":"Hong-Chi Shiau","doi":"10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029406","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the most influential Chinese singers, with an impact extending beyond the merely commercial to include the cultural and political, Teresa (Theresa) Teng (Deng) remained popular throughout Chinese diaspora communities even after her death in 1995. This study examines how Chinese immigrants in the USA derived meanings from media texts related to Teresa Teng, and how they maintained and negotiated their Chinese identity despite their disparate history of migration. Simple and poetic, the lyrics sung by Teng spoke to my informants as they experienced the anxiety of exile and expectations of homecoming. Through Teresa's music, the immigrants reflected upon their experiences of migration as surmountable obstacles leading to acclimation; as loneliness and struggle as well as friendship and intimacy; and as difficult adjustments in conflict with tradition. Generally, the retrieved narratives shared by the owners of Chinese restaurant relate her songs to the sacrifice embodied in their experiences of migration, while others focus on the struggle against adversity and violation by affirming their cultural hybridity and changing social positions. Consequently, this study presents a cultural, historical and critical perspective on the vicissitudes of identity and diaspora.","PeriodicalId":73431,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Chinese culture and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029406","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66716866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-30DOI: 10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029405
Jeroen Groenewegen
In 1994, "Faye's star persona had begun to transform the market logic", argue Anthony Fung and Michael Curtis in 'The anomalies of being Faye (Wong): gender politics in Chinese popular music' (2002, p.273). How does stardom work in the sinophone music industry? Does Faye Wong challenge market logic or reinforce it? What is the market logic of Chinese popular music? What is a pop music star? To answer these questions, I will first focus on Faye Wong's gender politics, coolness and childlike androgyny for a discussion of her theatricality and the construction of stardom across different media and then consider how Faye Wong's sound-image-text results from the more or less concerted efforts of a production team. Can her stardom hold these elements together?
{"title":"Faye Wong: stardom in Chinese popular music","authors":"Jeroen Groenewegen","doi":"10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029405","url":null,"abstract":"In 1994, \"Faye's star persona had begun to transform the market logic\", argue Anthony Fung and Michael Curtis in 'The anomalies of being Faye (Wong): gender politics in Chinese popular music' (2002, p.273). How does stardom work in the sinophone music industry? Does Faye Wong challenge market logic or reinforce it? What is the market logic of Chinese popular music? What is a pop music star? To answer these questions, I will first focus on Faye Wong's gender politics, coolness and childlike androgyny for a discussion of her theatricality and the construction of stardom across different media and then consider how Faye Wong's sound-image-text results from the more or less concerted efforts of a production team. Can her stardom hold these elements together?","PeriodicalId":73431,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Chinese culture and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66716852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-30DOI: 10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029401
C. K. Lum
Marshall McLuhan observed in his 1964 paradigm-shifting classic, Understanding Media, that the "crossings or hybridisations of the media release great new force and energy as by fission or fusion" (p.48) and that the "hybrid or the meeting of two media is a moment of truth and revelation from which new form is born" (p.55). This study seeks to shed light on karaoke as a hybrid media form and on karaoke singing as a complex sense-making experience in an age of interactive electronic media. It reflects upon the implications of the cross-cultural appropriation of music by examining the production and uses of karaoke music videos. The discussion in this study is supported in part by data from ethnographic case studies conducted in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and New York City. Further research on karaoke within the theoretical framework of media and globalisation is suggested.
{"title":"Karaoke and the cross-cultural appropriations of music","authors":"C. K. Lum","doi":"10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029401","url":null,"abstract":"Marshall McLuhan observed in his 1964 paradigm-shifting classic, Understanding Media, that the \"crossings or hybridisations of the media release great new force and energy as by fission or fusion\" (p.48) and that the \"hybrid or the meeting of two media is a moment of truth and revelation from which new form is born\" (p.55). This study seeks to shed light on karaoke as a hybrid media form and on karaoke singing as a complex sense-making experience in an age of interactive electronic media. It reflects upon the implications of the cross-cultural appropriation of music by examining the production and uses of karaoke music videos. The discussion in this study is supported in part by data from ethnographic case studies conducted in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and New York City. Further research on karaoke within the theoretical framework of media and globalisation is suggested.","PeriodicalId":73431,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Chinese culture and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029401","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66716740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-30DOI: 10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029407
M. Paton, P. Henry
A review of the English language academic literature on East Asian business ethical practices reveals an inordinate focus on Confucian values. This paper argues that present day business value systems in East Asia are rooted in a much more complex array of philosophical stances including Legalism, Mohism, Daoism and Buddhism from a traditional perspective, and Christianity, Marxism and the will to power of Nietzsche as more contemporary influences. The paper then posits that the latter influences made great inroads into Chinese culture in particular because of the environmental history of China, and that such environmental influences have been much neglected in the conception of western business ethics. The paper concludes with discussion of the ubiquitous social embedding of marketing that faces the same human and social complexity explored by various East Asian scholars described in this paper. We note that modern marketers often fail to own up to their macro social responsibilities.
{"title":"Human nature and social complexity: a common challenge for Chinese philosophy and marketing","authors":"M. Paton, P. Henry","doi":"10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029407","url":null,"abstract":"A review of the English language academic literature on East Asian business ethical practices reveals an inordinate focus on Confucian values. This paper argues that present day business value systems in East Asia are rooted in a much more complex array of philosophical stances including Legalism, Mohism, Daoism and Buddhism from a traditional perspective, and Christianity, Marxism and the will to power of Nietzsche as more contemporary influences. The paper then posits that the latter influences made great inroads into Chinese culture in particular because of the environmental history of China, and that such environmental influences have been much neglected in the conception of western business ethics. The paper concludes with discussion of the ubiquitous social embedding of marketing that faces the same human and social complexity explored by various East Asian scholars described in this paper. We note that modern marketers often fail to own up to their macro social responsibilities.","PeriodicalId":73431,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Chinese culture and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJCCM.2009.029407","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66716922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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