Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233531
Marwah Yakoop Abdullah, Roaa Ali Alkanderi, Abdulelah Mohammed Alqahtani, Alhassan Ibrahim Alsayed, Sara Talal Alnafisi, Manayir Fayez Alorabi, Sahar Salman Alismail, Mohammed Saud Aljaber, Shyma Abdulaziz Alshabeeb, Salem Waleed Bin Jabal, Mohammed Saad Almalki
Thyroid disorders are clinical conditions that affect and are common to millions of individuals worldwide. Thyroid disorders can lead to symptoms and complications such, as tiredness, changes in weight, shifts in mood, heart related issues and difficulties with fertility. Healthcare practitioners who specialize in care have a role in identifying, treating and overseeing patients, with thyroid disorders. This review covers several aspects, such as the clinical complications, diagnostic approaches, and treatment choices for types of thyroid disorders. it's crucial to recognize multiple signs to identify thyroid dysfunction. Different management plans are introduced. Additionally, it explores the challenges and debates surrounding the management of these disorders, such as the screening strategies to adopt the potential use of new biomarkers for diagnosis purposes, the benefits of combination therapy, and how to manage cases with mild or borderline thyroid dysfunction. To sum up, this review offers insights for healthcare professionals to enhance the level of care for patients who have been diagnosed with thyroid disorders.
{"title":"Assessment and management of thyroid disorders in primary care","authors":"Marwah Yakoop Abdullah, Roaa Ali Alkanderi, Abdulelah Mohammed Alqahtani, Alhassan Ibrahim Alsayed, Sara Talal Alnafisi, Manayir Fayez Alorabi, Sahar Salman Alismail, Mohammed Saud Aljaber, Shyma Abdulaziz Alshabeeb, Salem Waleed Bin Jabal, Mohammed Saad Almalki","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233531","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid disorders are clinical conditions that affect and are common to millions of individuals worldwide. Thyroid disorders can lead to symptoms and complications such, as tiredness, changes in weight, shifts in mood, heart related issues and difficulties with fertility. Healthcare practitioners who specialize in care have a role in identifying, treating and overseeing patients, with thyroid disorders. This review covers several aspects, such as the clinical complications, diagnostic approaches, and treatment choices for types of thyroid disorders. it's crucial to recognize multiple signs to identify thyroid dysfunction. Different management plans are introduced. Additionally, it explores the challenges and debates surrounding the management of these disorders, such as the screening strategies to adopt the potential use of new biomarkers for diagnosis purposes, the benefits of combination therapy, and how to manage cases with mild or borderline thyroid dysfunction. To sum up, this review offers insights for healthcare professionals to enhance the level of care for patients who have been diagnosed with thyroid disorders.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135290536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233524
Alabbas A. Jar, Abdullah A. Khormi, Norah A. Al-khamiss, Atheer A. Alnaim, Zainab F. Alharbi, Hesham A. Holba, Abdullah S. Alshamrani, Anwer A. Khormi, Amani S. Alharbi, Arwa M. Almutairi, Faisal A. Alhegbani
Dentures, as versatile dental prostheses, wield a multifaceted influence on individuals' lives, profoundly affecting both their oral health and overall quality of life. The clinical manifestations of denture-related concerns encompass a spectrum of physical, psychological, and functional dimensions. Physically, dentures restore masticatory function and address aesthetic concerns, bridging the gap between tooth loss and oral functionality. Psychologically, they elevate self-esteem and reduce social anxiety, facilitating enhanced self-confidence and improved social interactions. Functionally, dentures enhance articulation and speech clarity, enabling effective communication. Effective denture management, in the contemporary landscape of dental care, involves a comprehensive approach that combines precision, technology, hygiene, and patient education. Digital dentistry techniques ensure precise denture fitting, and advanced technologies facilitate regular check-ups, leading to well-fitting, comfortable dentures. Meticulous denture hygiene practices prevent oral health complications. Patient education empowers individuals to maintain their oral health effectively, while addressing psychosocial concerns remains a crucial empathetic dimension of patient care. In conclusion, dentures have evolved as transformative solutions for individuals facing tooth loss, addressing clinical manifestations related to impaired oral function, aesthetic concerns, and psychosocial challenges. Modern denture management embraces the latest dental technologies, hygiene practices, and patient-centered approaches to optimize outcomes. Staying current with advancements in denture care ensures that these dental prostheses continue to enhance oral health and overall well-being effectively, reaffirming their indispensable role in modern dentistry.
{"title":"The effect of dentures on oral health and the quality of life","authors":"Alabbas A. Jar, Abdullah A. Khormi, Norah A. Al-khamiss, Atheer A. Alnaim, Zainab F. Alharbi, Hesham A. Holba, Abdullah S. Alshamrani, Anwer A. Khormi, Amani S. Alharbi, Arwa M. Almutairi, Faisal A. Alhegbani","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233524","url":null,"abstract":"Dentures, as versatile dental prostheses, wield a multifaceted influence on individuals' lives, profoundly affecting both their oral health and overall quality of life. The clinical manifestations of denture-related concerns encompass a spectrum of physical, psychological, and functional dimensions. Physically, dentures restore masticatory function and address aesthetic concerns, bridging the gap between tooth loss and oral functionality. Psychologically, they elevate self-esteem and reduce social anxiety, facilitating enhanced self-confidence and improved social interactions. Functionally, dentures enhance articulation and speech clarity, enabling effective communication. Effective denture management, in the contemporary landscape of dental care, involves a comprehensive approach that combines precision, technology, hygiene, and patient education. Digital dentistry techniques ensure precise denture fitting, and advanced technologies facilitate regular check-ups, leading to well-fitting, comfortable dentures. Meticulous denture hygiene practices prevent oral health complications. Patient education empowers individuals to maintain their oral health effectively, while addressing psychosocial concerns remains a crucial empathetic dimension of patient care. In conclusion, dentures have evolved as transformative solutions for individuals facing tooth loss, addressing clinical manifestations related to impaired oral function, aesthetic concerns, and psychosocial challenges. Modern denture management embraces the latest dental technologies, hygiene practices, and patient-centered approaches to optimize outcomes. Staying current with advancements in denture care ensures that these dental prostheses continue to enhance oral health and overall well-being effectively, reaffirming their indispensable role in modern dentistry.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233523
Maha A. Munshi, Hanan A. Almozher, Fatimah A. Alqahtani, Mohamed M. Youssef, Abeer S. Almtere, Basel K. Alsadoon, Lubna S. Alotheem, Lama F. Alhowirini, Abdullah M. Alotaibi, Abdullah A. Almutairi, Ali H. Assiri
Periodontal diseases primarily occur due, to infections and inflammation that affect the gums and bone structures supporting the teeth. In the stage, known as gingivitis the gums may become swollen turn red and bleed easily. These health issues not impact health but also have broader implications for overall well-being, including tooth loss, discomfort, bad breath and an increased vulnerability, to chronic illnesses. The main objective of this review is to examine aspects pertaining to diseases encompassing clinical indications, methods, for diagnosis, available treatment choices, and preventive strategies. This research meticulously examines the types of these diseases, their stages, and their causes. It also discusses the approaches and criteria used to diagnose these conditions. Additionally, the paper provides an evaluation of treatment alternatives and strategic frameworks, for managing pathologies. This includes both surgical approaches, well as supportive therapies. The paper emphasizes the importance of measures. Maintaining oral health through consistent dental hygiene practices, regular dental checkups, and necessary lifestyle adjustments. In conclusion, while periodontal diseases pose challenges in practice they can be controlled and prevented through collaboration, between dental practitioners, dental hygienists, and active patient participation.
{"title":"Types, accuracy, and efficacy of salivary biomarkers in periodontal diagnosis","authors":"Maha A. Munshi, Hanan A. Almozher, Fatimah A. Alqahtani, Mohamed M. Youssef, Abeer S. Almtere, Basel K. Alsadoon, Lubna S. Alotheem, Lama F. Alhowirini, Abdullah M. Alotaibi, Abdullah A. Almutairi, Ali H. Assiri","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233523","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontal diseases primarily occur due, to infections and inflammation that affect the gums and bone structures supporting the teeth. In the stage, known as gingivitis the gums may become swollen turn red and bleed easily. These health issues not impact health but also have broader implications for overall well-being, including tooth loss, discomfort, bad breath and an increased vulnerability, to chronic illnesses. The main objective of this review is to examine aspects pertaining to diseases encompassing clinical indications, methods, for diagnosis, available treatment choices, and preventive strategies. This research meticulously examines the types of these diseases, their stages, and their causes. It also discusses the approaches and criteria used to diagnose these conditions. Additionally, the paper provides an evaluation of treatment alternatives and strategic frameworks, for managing pathologies. This includes both surgical approaches, well as supportive therapies. The paper emphasizes the importance of measures. Maintaining oral health through consistent dental hygiene practices, regular dental checkups, and necessary lifestyle adjustments. In conclusion, while periodontal diseases pose challenges in practice they can be controlled and prevented through collaboration, between dental practitioners, dental hygienists, and active patient participation.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135392086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233526
Ainaa A. Alsharif, Faisal S. Masaud, Khalid A. Binjabaan, Naif M. Alwadai, Faisal A. Maroof, Ibrahim A. Shabel, Reham M. Daghriri, Reem M. Alsakr, Alrbab M. Aljeshi, Ali J. Alboori, Nadin S. Mulla
The oral health of pediatric patients is a significant concern, with dental injuries being a common occurrence in this vulnerable population. Traumatic injuries to immature teeth, characterized by incomplete root development and open apices, present unique challenges that require specialized clinical management. Understanding the anatomy and developmental characteristics of immature teeth is crucial for effective management. Historically, apexification procedures relied on calcium hydroxide, but advancements in dental pulp biology led to regenerative endodontics, a transformative approach that preserves pulp vitality while promoting apical closure. Contemporary techniques include calcium hydroxide apexification, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apexification, and regenerative endodontics, each with its advantages and considerations. Patient selection, radiographic assessment, choice of biocompatible materials, and post-operative care are key components of contemporary apexification protocols. Advanced imaging modalities like cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enhance diagnostic accuracy. Challenges in apexification procedures include infection control, the risk of root fractures, and dealing with resorption phenomena. Moreover, pediatric patients require special attention to address compliance and psychological factors. The long-term outcomes of apexification procedures extend beyond clinical and radiographic parameters and encompass growth and development as well as the quality of life of pediatric patients. Preservation of arch integrity, prevention of malocclusion, and maintaining oral health-related quality of life are vital considerations.
{"title":"Management and outcomes of apexification procedures in traumatized immature teeth","authors":"Ainaa A. Alsharif, Faisal S. Masaud, Khalid A. Binjabaan, Naif M. Alwadai, Faisal A. Maroof, Ibrahim A. Shabel, Reham M. Daghriri, Reem M. Alsakr, Alrbab M. Aljeshi, Ali J. Alboori, Nadin S. Mulla","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233526","url":null,"abstract":"The oral health of pediatric patients is a significant concern, with dental injuries being a common occurrence in this vulnerable population. Traumatic injuries to immature teeth, characterized by incomplete root development and open apices, present unique challenges that require specialized clinical management. Understanding the anatomy and developmental characteristics of immature teeth is crucial for effective management. Historically, apexification procedures relied on calcium hydroxide, but advancements in dental pulp biology led to regenerative endodontics, a transformative approach that preserves pulp vitality while promoting apical closure. Contemporary techniques include calcium hydroxide apexification, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apexification, and regenerative endodontics, each with its advantages and considerations. Patient selection, radiographic assessment, choice of biocompatible materials, and post-operative care are key components of contemporary apexification protocols. Advanced imaging modalities like cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enhance diagnostic accuracy. Challenges in apexification procedures include infection control, the risk of root fractures, and dealing with resorption phenomena. Moreover, pediatric patients require special attention to address compliance and psychological factors. The long-term outcomes of apexification procedures extend beyond clinical and radiographic parameters and encompass growth and development as well as the quality of life of pediatric patients. Preservation of arch integrity, prevention of malocclusion, and maintaining oral health-related quality of life are vital considerations.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135392087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233525
Jamal M. Alqahtani, Sarah A. Alzaid, Omar A. Aldhaban, Elaf D. Alshdokhe, Saleh A. Alhellal, Yazeed R. Alotaibi, Hassan A. Alyami, Salman S. Albalawi, Hassan M. Alharthi, Maram M. Hakami, Atheer A. Alblowi
Orthodontic treatments aim to enhance teeth functionality and aesthetics through various methods like permanent, removable, and functional appliances. These interventions may involve teeth removal, surgical procedures for alignment, and even jaw position adjustments. The treatment typically starts with the placement of an orthodontic device, followed by periodic adjustments. One major concern for patients is the associated pain, directly linked to the applied force. Various devices influence pain intensity, with fixed devices being more painful. Pain peaks after certain adjustments, like placing separators, and is attributed to decreased blood flow due to brace-induced force. Pain is the primary reason some patients consider discontinuing treatment. Pain management involves both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, including the promising but still under-researched low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and light emitting diodes (LEDs). Dietary changes also play a role during treatment due to pain. Proper nutrition and oral hygiene guidance are essential from orthodontists and general dentists.
{"title":"An overview of analgesic methodologies in orthodontics","authors":"Jamal M. Alqahtani, Sarah A. Alzaid, Omar A. Aldhaban, Elaf D. Alshdokhe, Saleh A. Alhellal, Yazeed R. Alotaibi, Hassan A. Alyami, Salman S. Albalawi, Hassan M. Alharthi, Maram M. Hakami, Atheer A. Alblowi","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233525","url":null,"abstract":"Orthodontic treatments aim to enhance teeth functionality and aesthetics through various methods like permanent, removable, and functional appliances. These interventions may involve teeth removal, surgical procedures for alignment, and even jaw position adjustments. The treatment typically starts with the placement of an orthodontic device, followed by periodic adjustments. One major concern for patients is the associated pain, directly linked to the applied force. Various devices influence pain intensity, with fixed devices being more painful. Pain peaks after certain adjustments, like placing separators, and is attributed to decreased blood flow due to brace-induced force. Pain is the primary reason some patients consider discontinuing treatment. Pain management involves both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, including the promising but still under-researched low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and light emitting diodes (LEDs). Dietary changes also play a role during treatment due to pain. Proper nutrition and oral hygiene guidance are essential from orthodontists and general dentists.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233522
Alabbas Abdulghani Jar, Adel Shabib Alotaibi, Hussain Ali Alqahtani, Ghaida Ali Alshaqaqeq, Hosam Ibraheem Alandanoosi, Sultan Rubayan Alsulami, Latifa Abdulrahman Alosaimi, Awatef Sliman Alyahya, Musab Abdullah Alsulami, Abdulrhman Awad Almohammadi, Saud Obaid Aljaghthami
Breastfeeding is a fundamental aspect of infant nutrition and development. However, children born with cleft lip and palate face unique challenges in breastfeeding due to structural anomalies in their facial and oral regions. This study explores the intricate landscape of CLP, covering its epidemiology, complex etiology involving genetic and environmental factors, and the specific challenges breastfeeding children with CLP and their mothers encounter. This review emphasizes the critical role of surgical interventions in CLP management, discussing the timing, techniques, and outcomes of these procedures. While surgical repair of CLP can enhance breastfeeding outcomes, it may also introduce temporary complications, including feeding difficulties, pain, and discomfort. Addressing these challenges requires a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare professionals, specialized feeding equipment, emotional support, and targeted interventions. Moreover, the emotional well-being of mothers of infants with CLP is highlighted as an essential component of breastfeeding success. Maternal stress and emotional distress can hinder breastfeeding, emphasizing the importance of emotional support and counseling services. Successful breastfeeding in children with CLP is achievable with the right strategies and support systems, like comprehensive care, which acknowledges the complexity of CLP and emphasizes the need for a collaborative healthcare approach to ensure that children with CLP receive optimal nutrition and care during their critical early developmental stages.
{"title":"Breastfeeding in children with cleft lip and palate and its effect on surgical outcomes","authors":"Alabbas Abdulghani Jar, Adel Shabib Alotaibi, Hussain Ali Alqahtani, Ghaida Ali Alshaqaqeq, Hosam Ibraheem Alandanoosi, Sultan Rubayan Alsulami, Latifa Abdulrahman Alosaimi, Awatef Sliman Alyahya, Musab Abdullah Alsulami, Abdulrhman Awad Almohammadi, Saud Obaid Aljaghthami","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233522","url":null,"abstract":"Breastfeeding is a fundamental aspect of infant nutrition and development. However, children born with cleft lip and palate face unique challenges in breastfeeding due to structural anomalies in their facial and oral regions. This study explores the intricate landscape of CLP, covering its epidemiology, complex etiology involving genetic and environmental factors, and the specific challenges breastfeeding children with CLP and their mothers encounter. This review emphasizes the critical role of surgical interventions in CLP management, discussing the timing, techniques, and outcomes of these procedures. While surgical repair of CLP can enhance breastfeeding outcomes, it may also introduce temporary complications, including feeding difficulties, pain, and discomfort. Addressing these challenges requires a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare professionals, specialized feeding equipment, emotional support, and targeted interventions. Moreover, the emotional well-being of mothers of infants with CLP is highlighted as an essential component of breastfeeding success. Maternal stress and emotional distress can hinder breastfeeding, emphasizing the importance of emotional support and counseling services. Successful breastfeeding in children with CLP is achievable with the right strategies and support systems, like comprehensive care, which acknowledges the complexity of CLP and emphasizes the need for a collaborative healthcare approach to ensure that children with CLP receive optimal nutrition and care during their critical early developmental stages.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233515
Fahad Ahmed Alzahrani, Hatim Osama Alhelali, Khalid Itran Alismail, Khaled Soud Alraddadi, Mohammed Saeed Alghamdi, Khalid Hassan Alzhrani, Muhammad Abdulrahman Alahmadi, Bader Abdullah Alzahrani, Saleh Ali Alshehri, Nourhan Sulaiman Basyouni, Jawad Najeeb Almarzooq
Acute urinary retention, which is an emergency presents a significant challenge, for healthcare providers especially among elderly men. This condition often leads to dysfunction and genital pain causing distress and anxiety for those affected. The likelihood of experiencing acute urinary retention increases with age, with men in their 70s facing a 10% risk that escalates to, over 30% in their 80s. Dealing with both dysfunction and acute pain adds complexity to the clinical management of these cases. This summary highlights the role played by emergency physicians in the management of this troubling urologic emergency. The initial approach involves conducting an evaluation that includes assessing medical history performing physical examinations and conducting relevant diagnostic tests. Promptly identifying the causes, which can range from prostatic hyperplasia and urethral strictures to infections or neurogenic conditions is crucial. Pain relief is an immediate concern, prompting the administration of analgesics to alleviate patient discomfort. Concurrently, urinary catheterization, skillfully performed by the emergency physician, effectively resolves the urinary obstruction, providing substantial relief. Referral to urologists ensures a comprehensive etiological assessment and the formulation of an individualized management plan. In summary, effectively managing retention, with associated erectile dysfunction and genital pain, requires a collaborative effort between emergency physicians and urological specialists. By identifying the cause, providing skilled pain management and expertly performing urinary catheterization emergency physicians play a crucial role in relieving patient discomfort.
{"title":"Approach to diagnosis and treatment to urologic emergencies","authors":"Fahad Ahmed Alzahrani, Hatim Osama Alhelali, Khalid Itran Alismail, Khaled Soud Alraddadi, Mohammed Saeed Alghamdi, Khalid Hassan Alzhrani, Muhammad Abdulrahman Alahmadi, Bader Abdullah Alzahrani, Saleh Ali Alshehri, Nourhan Sulaiman Basyouni, Jawad Najeeb Almarzooq","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233515","url":null,"abstract":"Acute urinary retention, which is an emergency presents a significant challenge, for healthcare providers especially among elderly men. This condition often leads to dysfunction and genital pain causing distress and anxiety for those affected. The likelihood of experiencing acute urinary retention increases with age, with men in their 70s facing a 10% risk that escalates to, over 30% in their 80s. Dealing with both dysfunction and acute pain adds complexity to the clinical management of these cases. This summary highlights the role played by emergency physicians in the management of this troubling urologic emergency. The initial approach involves conducting an evaluation that includes assessing medical history performing physical examinations and conducting relevant diagnostic tests. Promptly identifying the causes, which can range from prostatic hyperplasia and urethral strictures to infections or neurogenic conditions is crucial. Pain relief is an immediate concern, prompting the administration of analgesics to alleviate patient discomfort. Concurrently, urinary catheterization, skillfully performed by the emergency physician, effectively resolves the urinary obstruction, providing substantial relief. Referral to urologists ensures a comprehensive etiological assessment and the formulation of an individualized management plan. In summary, effectively managing retention, with associated erectile dysfunction and genital pain, requires a collaborative effort between emergency physicians and urological specialists. By identifying the cause, providing skilled pain management and expertly performing urinary catheterization emergency physicians play a crucial role in relieving patient discomfort.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233514
Nizar Abdulaziz Alghamdi, Ahmad Daifallah Alghamdi, Sanad Safir Alotaibi, Turki Abdullah Alzahrani, Nouf Saeed Albeshri, Nahar Nasar Albarakati, Ali Jelan Najei
Illicit drug use is an intricate challenge that currently affects an individual's health and overall well-being. This review study provides insight into the availability of information regarding the examination of the signs, treatment approaches, and broader consequences related to health problems among individuals who use drugs. The clinical indicators of drug consumption on oral health encompass issues such as dry mouth (xerostomia), gum problems, teeth grinding (bruxism), and dental cavities. These manifestations contribute to immediate discomfort and elevate the risk of long-term dental complications, underscoring the pressing need for intervention and care. Effective management strategies involve a comprehensive approach, incorporating preventive measures, timely treatment, and a compassionate understanding of the unique challenges faced by drug users. Preventive efforts, such as education and regular dental check-ups, serve as critical components in mitigating the clinical manifestations. Treatment strategies, including restorative procedures and periodontal therapy, play a pivotal role in addressing immediate oral health concerns. However, the management of oral health issues extends beyond the dental chair. Acknowledging the hurdles faced by individuals who use drugs, including economic factors and social prejudice, underscores the significance of adopting a comprehensive approach to providing support and assistance. Integrating oral health services with substance abuse treatment presents a promising avenue for comprehensive healthcare. This collaborative approach addresses oral health issues and acknowledges the bidirectional relationship between substance abuse and oral health. In summary, it is essential to comprehend the relationship between illicit drug use and oral health. By implementing management strategies, we can potentially reduce suffering, improve quality of life, and enhance health for individuals affected by substance abuse. This holistic approach emphasizes the significance of acknowledging and addressing these population’s health requirements within a broader healthcare framework.
{"title":"Oral manifestations found among illicit drugs users","authors":"Nizar Abdulaziz Alghamdi, Ahmad Daifallah Alghamdi, Sanad Safir Alotaibi, Turki Abdullah Alzahrani, Nouf Saeed Albeshri, Nahar Nasar Albarakati, Ali Jelan Najei","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233514","url":null,"abstract":"Illicit drug use is an intricate challenge that currently affects an individual's health and overall well-being. This review study provides insight into the availability of information regarding the examination of the signs, treatment approaches, and broader consequences related to health problems among individuals who use drugs. The clinical indicators of drug consumption on oral health encompass issues such as dry mouth (xerostomia), gum problems, teeth grinding (bruxism), and dental cavities. These manifestations contribute to immediate discomfort and elevate the risk of long-term dental complications, underscoring the pressing need for intervention and care. Effective management strategies involve a comprehensive approach, incorporating preventive measures, timely treatment, and a compassionate understanding of the unique challenges faced by drug users. Preventive efforts, such as education and regular dental check-ups, serve as critical components in mitigating the clinical manifestations. Treatment strategies, including restorative procedures and periodontal therapy, play a pivotal role in addressing immediate oral health concerns. However, the management of oral health issues extends beyond the dental chair. Acknowledging the hurdles faced by individuals who use drugs, including economic factors and social prejudice, underscores the significance of adopting a comprehensive approach to providing support and assistance. Integrating oral health services with substance abuse treatment presents a promising avenue for comprehensive healthcare. This collaborative approach addresses oral health issues and acknowledges the bidirectional relationship between substance abuse and oral health. In summary, it is essential to comprehend the relationship between illicit drug use and oral health. By implementing management strategies, we can potentially reduce suffering, improve quality of life, and enhance health for individuals affected by substance abuse. This holistic approach emphasizes the significance of acknowledging and addressing these population’s health requirements within a broader healthcare framework.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233478
Shivanand Savatagi, Stephen John, Dileep S. Natekar, Suma S. Kumachagi
Background: In the realm of health and wellbeing, the cursed part is illness. Times elapsed, the health problems and challenges evolved constantly. In 1980s the first case of HIV was reported and according to world health organization 36.9 million people worldwide are living with HIV/AIDS. Life of people living with HIV/AIDS is challenging as opportunistic infections and their life style keeps their health status dynamic. The present study was done to assess and identify the level of general health status of immuno-compromised people at selected ART center, Gadag, Karnataka. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on assessment of general health status of PLHIV using standard general health questionnaire-28 at ART center, GIMS, Gadag from May 2022 to December 2022. Total 300 samples were chosen using purposive sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was done using version SPSS 20.0. Results: The majority 90% (270) respondents were in state of distress or caseness and10% (30) of respondents were in state of wellbeing or no caseness. Conclusions: our study concluded thatoverall general health status of PLHIV swung towards state of distress, the main reason for this being inaccessibility of health care services & disruption in availability and accessibility of ART services
{"title":"A cross sectional study to assess the general health status of immune compromised people at selected art center, Gadag district","authors":"Shivanand Savatagi, Stephen John, Dileep S. Natekar, Suma S. Kumachagi","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233478","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In the realm of health and wellbeing, the cursed part is illness. Times elapsed, the health problems and challenges evolved constantly. In 1980s the first case of HIV was reported and according to world health organization 36.9 million people worldwide are living with HIV/AIDS. Life of people living with HIV/AIDS is challenging as opportunistic infections and their life style keeps their health status dynamic. The present study was done to assess and identify the level of general health status of immuno-compromised people at selected ART center, Gadag, Karnataka. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on assessment of general health status of PLHIV using standard general health questionnaire-28 at ART center, GIMS, Gadag from May 2022 to December 2022. Total 300 samples were chosen using purposive sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was done using version SPSS 20.0. Results: The majority 90% (270) respondents were in state of distress or caseness and10% (30) of respondents were in state of wellbeing or no caseness. Conclusions: our study concluded thatoverall general health status of PLHIV swung towards state of distress, the main reason for this being inaccessibility of health care services & disruption in availability and accessibility of ART services","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135813133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233426
Ime Usanga, Remi Abiola Oladigbolu, Emem Xavier, Donald Akpenna, Usen Daniel, Adewale Akinjeji, Irene Esu, Prince Obinna Anyanwu, Abah Ehiowoicho Peter, Chinyerem Immanuel, Adetunji Adedokun, Valentine Nnamdi Nnanna, Claire Majekodunmi, David Iniama Ekpenyong, Friday Abbah, Mmenyene-Abasi Udom, Janet Olude, Henry Afamefune Nwafejeokwu, David Orojo
Background: There has been limited use of stage of change model in scaling up self-care for optimal adherence to ART. The study aimed to assess the pattern of behavior and its associated factors among recipients of care (RoC) receiving treatment in Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 RoC between August and October 2022. The pattern of behavior of RoC was determined using descriptive statistics, and factors associated with behavior were assessed using chi-square analysis and subsequently binary logistic regression at an alpha level of <0.05 at a 95% confidence interval using SPSS version 25. Results: Out of 423 recipients on care interviewed, 85% were in maintenance phase, and 13% in action phase. The correlates of behaviors of RoC were HIV diagnosis and on ART for over a year (p<0.001), residing in rural settings (p<0.001), and those in clinically stable DSD models (p<0.001). Over 87% of those in maintenance phase were adherent to ART, however, this was not statistically significant (p=0.21). Conclusions: Almost all the RoC were in good behavior and majority of them were adherent to ART. The factors associated with behavior of recipients of care were those diagnosed and on ART for over a year, residing in rural settings, and those in clinically stable differentiated service delivery (DSD) models. Interventions that utilize stage of change model to scale up the self-care of RoC particularly among those in the urban settings is highly imperative.
{"title":"Is adherence to antiretroviral therapy by recipients of HIV care and treatment receiving care in Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria determined by their behaviors? A cross-sectional study","authors":"Ime Usanga, Remi Abiola Oladigbolu, Emem Xavier, Donald Akpenna, Usen Daniel, Adewale Akinjeji, Irene Esu, Prince Obinna Anyanwu, Abah Ehiowoicho Peter, Chinyerem Immanuel, Adetunji Adedokun, Valentine Nnamdi Nnanna, Claire Majekodunmi, David Iniama Ekpenyong, Friday Abbah, Mmenyene-Abasi Udom, Janet Olude, Henry Afamefune Nwafejeokwu, David Orojo","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233426","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There has been limited use of stage of change model in scaling up self-care for optimal adherence to ART. The study aimed to assess the pattern of behavior and its associated factors among recipients of care (RoC) receiving treatment in Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 RoC between August and October 2022. The pattern of behavior of RoC was determined using descriptive statistics, and factors associated with behavior were assessed using chi-square analysis and subsequently binary logistic regression at an alpha level of <0.05 at a 95% confidence interval using SPSS version 25. Results: Out of 423 recipients on care interviewed, 85% were in maintenance phase, and 13% in action phase. The correlates of behaviors of RoC were HIV diagnosis and on ART for over a year (p<0.001), residing in rural settings (p<0.001), and those in clinically stable DSD models (p<0.001). Over 87% of those in maintenance phase were adherent to ART, however, this was not statistically significant (p=0.21). Conclusions: Almost all the RoC were in good behavior and majority of them were adherent to ART. The factors associated with behavior of recipients of care were those diagnosed and on ART for over a year, residing in rural settings, and those in clinically stable differentiated service delivery (DSD) models. Interventions that utilize stage of change model to scale up the self-care of RoC particularly among those in the urban settings is highly imperative.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135813791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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