Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233484
Maria N. N. Nepembe, Taimi Amakali-Nauiseb, Olivia Emvula
The aim of the study was to explore and describe the perceptions of second year nursing degree student’s academic performance through e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic at University of Namibia Main Campus, Windhoek. A qualitative research design was adopted and a total number of sixteen (16) second-year nursing students were interviewed. An interview guide, an audio recorder and field notes were used as the data collection instruments. Convenience, purposive sampling was employed. Key themes which emerged from the study were: Student nurse’s perceptions regarding their e-learning experience; Student nurse’s perceptions regarding the availability of studying and learning resources such as gadgets and internet, Student nurses’ perceptions of the e-learning environment. The study revealed that student nurses during e-learning were negatively affected by many factors, such as lack of electronic resources (laptops, smart phones), low phone storage to download big files, slow internet connections/poor network coverage for telecom network (TN) in some areas, limited internet data (TN mobile 10 GB) provided by the institution monthly, limited time to complete online assessment, less effort from lecturers (dropping notes on the forum and not teaching compared to face-to-face learning), workload at home doing house chores and not excused for online lessons, living in remote areas with no electricity, cheating of students during online tests and assessments. The study recommends an increased in the amount of internet for telecom network (TN mobile) data provided monthly by the institution, lecturers to give sufficient time to complete online tests and assessments, and to develop a system that detects cheating.
{"title":"Perceptions of undergraduate student nurses on e-learning at University of Namibia Main Campus, Windhoek: a lesson learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Maria N. N. Nepembe, Taimi Amakali-Nauiseb, Olivia Emvula","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233484","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to explore and describe the perceptions of second year nursing degree student’s academic performance through e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic at University of Namibia Main Campus, Windhoek. A qualitative research design was adopted and a total number of sixteen (16) second-year nursing students were interviewed. An interview guide, an audio recorder and field notes were used as the data collection instruments. Convenience, purposive sampling was employed. Key themes which emerged from the study were: Student nurse’s perceptions regarding their e-learning experience; Student nurse’s perceptions regarding the availability of studying and learning resources such as gadgets and internet, Student nurses’ perceptions of the e-learning environment. The study revealed that student nurses during e-learning were negatively affected by many factors, such as lack of electronic resources (laptops, smart phones), low phone storage to download big files, slow internet connections/poor network coverage for telecom network (TN) in some areas, limited internet data (TN mobile 10 GB) provided by the institution monthly, limited time to complete online assessment, less effort from lecturers (dropping notes on the forum and not teaching compared to face-to-face learning), workload at home doing house chores and not excused for online lessons, living in remote areas with no electricity, cheating of students during online tests and assessments. The study recommends an increased in the amount of internet for telecom network (TN mobile) data provided monthly by the institution, lecturers to give sufficient time to complete online tests and assessments, and to develop a system that detects cheating.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233505
Ekjot Kaur, Prabhjeet Kaur
The overall prevalence of obesity worldwide has approximately tripled between 1975 and 2016. In 2016, 13% of the world’s population aged 18 and above (11% men, 15% women), were found to be obese.
{"title":"Obesity: the silent pandemic","authors":"Ekjot Kaur, Prabhjeet Kaur","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233505","url":null,"abstract":"The overall prevalence of obesity worldwide has approximately tripled between 1975 and 2016. In 2016, 13% of the world’s population aged 18 and above (11% men, 15% women), were found to be obese.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233434
Tasha Siame, Kaampwe Muzandu, Andrew Kataba, Ethel M’Kandawire
Background: This study focused on addressing health risks attributed to lead (Pb) contamination in groundwater, prompted by its known connection to negative health outcomes. It investigated the extent of Pb exposure through groundwater consumption near areas surrounding the former lead mine in Kabwe and non-mining areas in Lusaka, Zambia. The study compared the health risks of consuming Pb-contaminated groundwater in Kabwe's mining vicinity and Lusaka's non-mining areas. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study collected 61 borehole samples from both areas and analyzed Pb levels using atomic absorption spectrometry. Health risks were evaluated via estimated daily intakes (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and target cancer risk (TCR) assessments. Statistical analysis employed the Mann-Whitney U test due to non-normal data distribution. Results: Pb concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05) in mining areas (median=0.131 mg/l) than in non-mining areas (median=0.071 mg/l). Alarmingly, 91% of mining and 74% of non-mining samples exceeded world health organization limits. Particularly, EDIs for adults and children from mining areas exceeded recommended intakes. However, THQs were <1, indicating no immediate adverse health effects. Equally important, TCRs fell within USEPA's acceptable range, suggesting negligible cancer risk associated with Pb exposure. Conclusions: The elevated EDIs in both mining and certain non-mining areas suggest potentially toxic health effects. Notably, the THQ values below 1 imply no immediate health risks. TCRs within acceptable limits underscore a minimal cancer risk. As a result, addressing elevated Pb levels in groundwater is critical in both study areas to mitigate potential health effects associated with Pb exposure.
{"title":"Comparative determination of human health risks associated with consumption of groundwater contaminated with lead in selected areas surrounding the former lead mine in Kabwe and non-mining areas in Lusaka, Zambia","authors":"Tasha Siame, Kaampwe Muzandu, Andrew Kataba, Ethel M’Kandawire","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233434","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study focused on addressing health risks attributed to lead (Pb) contamination in groundwater, prompted by its known connection to negative health outcomes. It investigated the extent of Pb exposure through groundwater consumption near areas surrounding the former lead mine in Kabwe and non-mining areas in Lusaka, Zambia. The study compared the health risks of consuming Pb-contaminated groundwater in Kabwe's mining vicinity and Lusaka's non-mining areas. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study collected 61 borehole samples from both areas and analyzed Pb levels using atomic absorption spectrometry. Health risks were evaluated via estimated daily intakes (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and target cancer risk (TCR) assessments. Statistical analysis employed the Mann-Whitney U test due to non-normal data distribution. Results: Pb concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05) in mining areas (median=0.131 mg/l) than in non-mining areas (median=0.071 mg/l). Alarmingly, 91% of mining and 74% of non-mining samples exceeded world health organization limits. Particularly, EDIs for adults and children from mining areas exceeded recommended intakes. However, THQs were <1, indicating no immediate adverse health effects. Equally important, TCRs fell within USEPA's acceptable range, suggesting negligible cancer risk associated with Pb exposure. Conclusions: The elevated EDIs in both mining and certain non-mining areas suggest potentially toxic health effects. Notably, the THQ values below 1 imply no immediate health risks. TCRs within acceptable limits underscore a minimal cancer risk. As a result, addressing elevated Pb levels in groundwater is critical in both study areas to mitigate potential health effects associated with Pb exposure.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aging care is critical. Hence, the best-known newly developed technologies must be provided to the older population. This paper explains the need for mapping of strategies that must address preventive and promotional care and sickness management, empowering geriatric services, and guaranteeing optimal rehabilitation for the elderly population of India. Databases considered to carry out the literature review was Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science. Scientific articles published in English were only considered. Apart from scientific articles, government report, and newspaper articles, were also reviewed. Data was managed in Mendeley software. Articles based on elderly residing in urban populations and other age groups were excluded from the study. There are multiple barriers between the elderly beneficiaries and the healthcare services which stop the utilization of healthcare services. It can be demographic, aging, geographic, economic, accessibility, psychological, housing, transportation, medical, and social. Financial security is the top reason for not availing of healthcare services, followed by the perception that the ailment is not serious enough. The second reason was the unavailability of accessible healthcare facilities. Therefore, elderly people residing in rural regions, are more prone to varying diseases and are vulnerable to health inequity among other age groups in India. Considering the projected demography, it will only get worse until there is an intervention and feasible infrastructure, healthcare facilities, and services are provided in collaboration with local stakeholders and program monitors.
老年人护理至关重要。因此，最著名的新开发的技术必须提供给老年人。这篇论文解释了绘制战略地图的必要性，这些战略必须解决预防和促进护理和疾病管理问题，赋予老年服务权力，并保证印度老年人口的最佳康复。考虑进行文献综述的数据库为Scopus、PubMed和Web of Science。只考虑用英文发表的科学文章。除了科学文章外，政府报告和报纸文章也被审查。数据在Mendeley软件中进行管理。基于居住在城市人口中的老年人和其他年龄组的文章被排除在研究之外。老年受益人与保健服务之间存在多重障碍，阻碍了老年人利用保健服务。它可以是人口，老龄化，地理，经济，可达性，心理，住房，交通，医疗和社会。经济安全是不使用医疗保健服务的首要原因，其次是认为疾病不够严重。第二个原因是缺乏无障碍的保健设施。因此，居住在农村地区的老年人更容易患各种疾病，并且容易受到印度其他年龄组之间的健康不平等的影响。考虑到预计的人口统计数据，在与当地利益相关者和方案监督者合作提供干预措施和可行的基础设施、医疗保健设施和服务之前，情况只会变得更糟。
{"title":"Barriers to access healthcare among the elderly population in rural regions of India","authors":"Ilham Zaidi, Twinkle Sharma, Shikhar Chaudhary, Ayesha Alam, Sahifa Anjum, Jagadeeswari Vardha","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233498","url":null,"abstract":"Aging care is critical. Hence, the best-known newly developed technologies must be provided to the older population. This paper explains the need for mapping of strategies that must address preventive and promotional care and sickness management, empowering geriatric services, and guaranteeing optimal rehabilitation for the elderly population of India. Databases considered to carry out the literature review was Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science. Scientific articles published in English were only considered. Apart from scientific articles, government report, and newspaper articles, were also reviewed. Data was managed in Mendeley software. Articles based on elderly residing in urban populations and other age groups were excluded from the study. There are multiple barriers between the elderly beneficiaries and the healthcare services which stop the utilization of healthcare services. It can be demographic, aging, geographic, economic, accessibility, psychological, housing, transportation, medical, and social. Financial security is the top reason for not availing of healthcare services, followed by the perception that the ailment is not serious enough. The second reason was the unavailability of accessible healthcare facilities. Therefore, elderly people residing in rural regions, are more prone to varying diseases and are vulnerable to health inequity among other age groups in India. Considering the projected demography, it will only get worse until there is an intervention and feasible infrastructure, healthcare facilities, and services are provided in collaboration with local stakeholders and program monitors.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233464
Lalita D. Hiremath, Nidhi Sharma, Sudeepa D., H. R. Shivaramakrishna, Nandkishor Warbhe, Ashwini Lonimath, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja
Background: The study aimed to evaluate the implementation status of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) at medical colleges in Karnataka, India, and identify the challenges encountered by the medical college core committee members. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 14 medical colleges in 2019-20, using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on various NTEP components. Results: The implementation status of NTEP activities was categorized as adequate, partially adequate, or inadequate. Results showed that certain activities such as TB notification, DMC infrastructure, TB-HIV coordination, and the formation of the NTEP core committee were adequately implemented. However, challenges such as work overload, lack of dedicated manpower, and salary constraints were encountered. Conclusions: Overall, the medical colleges involved in the study were actively implementing NTEP, but there is still room for improvement to fully optimize the implementation.
{"title":"Practices and challenges in implementing tuberculosis program at medical colleges in Karnataka, India","authors":"Lalita D. Hiremath, Nidhi Sharma, Sudeepa D., H. R. Shivaramakrishna, Nandkishor Warbhe, Ashwini Lonimath, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233464","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study aimed to evaluate the implementation status of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) at medical colleges in Karnataka, India, and identify the challenges encountered by the medical college core committee members. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 14 medical colleges in 2019-20, using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on various NTEP components. Results: The implementation status of NTEP activities was categorized as adequate, partially adequate, or inadequate. Results showed that certain activities such as TB notification, DMC infrastructure, TB-HIV coordination, and the formation of the NTEP core committee were adequately implemented. However, challenges such as work overload, lack of dedicated manpower, and salary constraints were encountered. Conclusions: Overall, the medical colleges involved in the study were actively implementing NTEP, but there is still room for improvement to fully optimize the implementation.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233483
Bosmia Kavita Kiritkumar, Pitchai Pothiraj
Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are emerging problems and it occurs when there is a mismatch between the physical requirements of the job and the physical capacity of the human body. Study aimed to find out the prevalence of WMSDs, the influence of varied working posture and level of physical activity (PA) for the development of WMSDs amongst the sewing machine operators. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study and conducted in a garment industry at Vapi, Gujrat. By purposive sampling technique, 100 sewing machine operators having minimum one year of experience, in the age group of 18-60 years were recruited with their consent. Örebro Musculoskeletal pain questionnaire (ÖMPQ), Rapid Entire Body Assessment tool (REBA), Quick Exposure Check tool (QEC) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was administered to all the participants. Data was analyzed using SPSS 24 software. Descriptive statistics applied for categorical variables, Spearman Rank correlation coefficient (r) was calculated for the relationship between PA and WMSDs. Results: This study revealed the prevalence of WMSDs as 70% and low back pain was the commonest complaint. REBA demonstrated that 55% of participants were at high musculoskeletal risk and 44% were at very high risk. QEC identified that neck region had very high exposure risk for the development of WMSDs. The level of PA shows no association with WMSDs (r = 0.040, p=0.62). Conclusions: Sewing machine operators of this study adopted a poor working posture which corresponds to the development of high musculoskeletal risk and an increased prevalence of WMSDs.
{"title":"Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and analysis of working posture using rapid entire body assessment tool amongst the sewing machine operators in a garment industry: a cross sectional study","authors":"Bosmia Kavita Kiritkumar, Pitchai Pothiraj","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233483","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are emerging problems and it occurs when there is a mismatch between the physical requirements of the job and the physical capacity of the human body. Study aimed to find out the prevalence of WMSDs, the influence of varied working posture and level of physical activity (PA) for the development of WMSDs amongst the sewing machine operators. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study and conducted in a garment industry at Vapi, Gujrat. By purposive sampling technique, 100 sewing machine operators having minimum one year of experience, in the age group of 18-60 years were recruited with their consent. Örebro Musculoskeletal pain questionnaire (ÖMPQ), Rapid Entire Body Assessment tool (REBA), Quick Exposure Check tool (QEC) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was administered to all the participants. Data was analyzed using SPSS 24 software. Descriptive statistics applied for categorical variables, Spearman Rank correlation coefficient (r) was calculated for the relationship between PA and WMSDs. Results: This study revealed the prevalence of WMSDs as 70% and low back pain was the commonest complaint. REBA demonstrated that 55% of participants were at high musculoskeletal risk and 44% were at very high risk. QEC identified that neck region had very high exposure risk for the development of WMSDs. The level of PA shows no association with WMSDs (r = 0.040, p=0.62). Conclusions: Sewing machine operators of this study adopted a poor working posture which corresponds to the development of high musculoskeletal risk and an increased prevalence of WMSDs.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233469
Vaishali Prabhu, A. Srividya, Suresh T., Praveena Babu
Background: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education is the mode of education that depends on digital medium of information transfer for delivery of course content and related learning experiences. Its focus is on utilization of different technologies in order to support, enhance, and optimise the delivery of information. ICT can be used in many ways to help both the students and the teachers gain knowledge on a particular topic/subject. The present study was inclined to look into the attitude of teacher for the hearing impaired towards usage of ICT in classrooms. Methods: Questionnaire which consists of attitude of teachers towards ICT. The questionnaire used for this study was adopted and modified from the original questionnaire designed by Gulbahar and Guven (2008), Ghavifekr and Athirah (2015) that is considered suitable for this research. Descriptive statistics was carried out for analyzing the data in SPSS version 20.0. Results: For all the questions framed to elicit positive opinions, the median values were either 4 i.e. agree is the common response of all the judges. For questions framed to elicit the common response is either disagree or strongly disagree. The responses of the judges suggest that they consider ICT to be helpful for teaching-learning of hearing impaired children. Conclusions: The study was able to demonstrate that ICT tools have gained popularity among the teachers of hearing impaired included in the study.
背景:教育中的信息通信技术(ICT)是一种依靠信息传递的数字媒介来传递课程内容和相关学习体验的教育模式。它的重点是利用不同的技术来支持、增强和优化信息的传递。信息通信技术可以通过多种方式帮助学生和教师获得特定主题/主题的知识。本研究旨在探讨听力障碍教师对课堂使用信息通信技术的态度。方法:采用问卷调查法，调查教师对信息通信技术的态度。本研究使用的问卷采用了Gulbahar and Guven(2008)、Ghavifekr and Athirah(2015)认为适合本研究的原始问卷，并对其进行了修改。使用SPSS 20.0版本对数据进行描述性统计。结果:对于所有旨在引出积极意见的问题，中位数为4，即同意是所有评委的共同反应。通常的回答是不同意或强烈不同意。评委的反应显示，他们认为资讯科技对听障儿童的教与学有帮助。结论:本研究能够证明ICT工具在被研究的听障教师中越来越受欢迎。
{"title":"An insight into attitude about usage of ICT by teachers in school for hearing impaired","authors":"Vaishali Prabhu, A. Srividya, Suresh T., Praveena Babu","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233469","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education is the mode of education that depends on digital medium of information transfer for delivery of course content and related learning experiences. Its focus is on utilization of different technologies in order to support, enhance, and optimise the delivery of information. ICT can be used in many ways to help both the students and the teachers gain knowledge on a particular topic/subject. The present study was inclined to look into the attitude of teacher for the hearing impaired towards usage of ICT in classrooms. Methods: Questionnaire which consists of attitude of teachers towards ICT. The questionnaire used for this study was adopted and modified from the original questionnaire designed by Gulbahar and Guven (2008), Ghavifekr and Athirah (2015) that is considered suitable for this research. Descriptive statistics was carried out for analyzing the data in SPSS version 20.0. Results: For all the questions framed to elicit positive opinions, the median values were either 4 i.e. agree is the common response of all the judges. For questions framed to elicit the common response is either disagree or strongly disagree. The responses of the judges suggest that they consider ICT to be helpful for teaching-learning of hearing impaired children. Conclusions: The study was able to demonstrate that ICT tools have gained popularity among the teachers of hearing impaired included in the study.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233437
Mannaa K. Aldowsari, Ayman M. Sulimany, Saad S. Bin Saleh, Modhi Alhussain, Daniyah Alsuhaibani, Wasayef Alwasil, Hebah M. Hamdan
Background: This study aimed to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of cases and types of dental procedures performed under conscious sedation for children at Dental University Hospital (DUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period between 2019-2021. Methods: This retrospective chart review study used digital and paper records for data collection. The sample was comprised of children aged 3 to 11 years of age who received dental treatment under conscious sedation from 2019 to 2021 at DUH. Descriptive statistics were presented, and negative binomial regression analysis was performed to assess the difference in the number of performed procedures by different academic year. Results: Two hundred and twenty-seven subjects had dental treatment under conscious sedation from 2019 to 2021. Most of the sample were Saudi (88.5%) and classified as ASA I (97.8%). The number of sedation cases were almost 55% lower than the number of cases that were done in 2020 and almost 62% lower than the cases that were performed in 2019. There was a significant decrease in the pulp therapy and preventive procedures (p=0.03, and p=0.02, respectively). No statistically significant differences were found in other procedures. Conclusions: There was a considerably huge decrease in the number of cases treated under conscious sedation as an effect of the pandemic. Pulp therapy and preventive procedures were the most affected. Our findings indicate the need to establish a protocol for delivering dental care while ensuring the safety of the patients in such difficult situations.
{"title":"The effect of COVID-19 on dental treatment under conscious sedation in children: a retrospective study at Dental University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Mannaa K. Aldowsari, Ayman M. Sulimany, Saad S. Bin Saleh, Modhi Alhussain, Daniyah Alsuhaibani, Wasayef Alwasil, Hebah M. Hamdan","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233437","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of cases and types of dental procedures performed under conscious sedation for children at Dental University Hospital (DUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period between 2019-2021. Methods: This retrospective chart review study used digital and paper records for data collection. The sample was comprised of children aged 3 to 11 years of age who received dental treatment under conscious sedation from 2019 to 2021 at DUH. Descriptive statistics were presented, and negative binomial regression analysis was performed to assess the difference in the number of performed procedures by different academic year. Results: Two hundred and twenty-seven subjects had dental treatment under conscious sedation from 2019 to 2021. Most of the sample were Saudi (88.5%) and classified as ASA I (97.8%). The number of sedation cases were almost 55% lower than the number of cases that were done in 2020 and almost 62% lower than the cases that were performed in 2019. There was a significant decrease in the pulp therapy and preventive procedures (p=0.03, and p=0.02, respectively). No statistically significant differences were found in other procedures. Conclusions: There was a considerably huge decrease in the number of cases treated under conscious sedation as an effect of the pandemic. Pulp therapy and preventive procedures were the most affected. Our findings indicate the need to establish a protocol for delivering dental care while ensuring the safety of the patients in such difficult situations.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135813276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233465
Divya Sawhney, N. K. Goel, Savita Prashar, Kirtan Rana
Background: Infectious diseases continue to pose a serious threat to public health as pandemic or epidemic. Good knowledge about the emerging diseases and perception about the severity of disease is important to control these situations. The current study was undertaken to assess the preparedness of medical students in terms of level of knowledge, perception and willingness to volunteer during pandemics. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 medical students using simple random sampling method. A self-structured and validated questionnaire was used to collect data which was then analyzed using frequencies, mean, t-test, Chi square test and ANOVA. Results: The overall knowledge scores among majority (59.8%) students belonged to ‘very good’ category while 7.5% obtained ‘unsatisfactory’ scores. Mean scores for knowledge were significantly different in different stratified groups. One third participants were stressful during earlier pandemic. 68.5% strongly stated that being healthy and prior vaccination were important factor for preparedness and willingness to volunteer. Besides personal protective equipment (PPE), separate accommodation and transportation for volunteering duration and psychological support are other crucial factors. Conclusions: Majority of the students in the study displayed adequate preparedness in terms of knowledge, awareness and willingness during the recent pandemics. However, the level of risk perception was evident. By imparting good knowledge and prior training about the pandemic, preventive strategies, tackling stress and identifying and addressing other relevant issues, medical college students can prove to be an asset for facing a pandemic like situation in our country.
{"title":"Preparedness and perception of pandemics among medical students","authors":"Divya Sawhney, N. K. Goel, Savita Prashar, Kirtan Rana","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233465","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infectious diseases continue to pose a serious threat to public health as pandemic or epidemic. Good knowledge about the emerging diseases and perception about the severity of disease is important to control these situations. The current study was undertaken to assess the preparedness of medical students in terms of level of knowledge, perception and willingness to volunteer during pandemics. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 medical students using simple random sampling method. A self-structured and validated questionnaire was used to collect data which was then analyzed using frequencies, mean, t-test, Chi square test and ANOVA. Results: The overall knowledge scores among majority (59.8%) students belonged to ‘very good’ category while 7.5% obtained ‘unsatisfactory’ scores. Mean scores for knowledge were significantly different in different stratified groups. One third participants were stressful during earlier pandemic. 68.5% strongly stated that being healthy and prior vaccination were important factor for preparedness and willingness to volunteer. Besides personal protective equipment (PPE), separate accommodation and transportation for volunteering duration and psychological support are other crucial factors. Conclusions: Majority of the students in the study displayed adequate preparedness in terms of knowledge, awareness and willingness during the recent pandemics. However, the level of risk perception was evident. By imparting good knowledge and prior training about the pandemic, preventive strategies, tackling stress and identifying and addressing other relevant issues, medical college students can prove to be an asset for facing a pandemic like situation in our country.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135813941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV), both enteric hepatitis viruses, are transmitted through the feco-oral route. These infections can range from asymptomatic or subclinical cases to acute viral hepatitis, occasionally leading to mortality. To gain an understanding of the disease and develop effective management strategies, comprehending the disease burden is essential. This study aimed to provide insights into the prevalence of enteric transmitted hepatitis viruses among individuals with acute hepatitis in the Delhi region. Methods: A retrospective investigation was conducted at a prominent tertiary care super specialty hospital in Delhi, spanning from February 2019 to December 2022. Serum samples from patients suspected of having hepatitis and sent for HAV and HEV testing were included. The samples underwent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect HAV and HEV immunoglobulin (Ig)M antibodies. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS software version 21, employing Chi-square and Fischer exact tests where applicable. Results: Throughout the study period, a total of 1275 samples were incorporated. Viral etiology was evident in 197 patients (15.45%). Among these, IgM HAV was identified in 142 patients (11.13%), and IgM HEV was present in 55 patients (4.31%). HAV infection was notably more prevalent in the pediatric age group (20.89% or 89/426; p<0.001), while HEV was significantly more common among adolescents and adults (5.77% or 49/849; p<0.001). Conclusions: Regular surveillance of enteric transmitted viruses causing hepatitis should encompass both hospital and community levels to accurately gauge disease burden and evolving epidemiology.
{"title":"Trends in seroprevalence of enteric transmitted hepatitis virus infections at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi: a 4-year review","authors":"Arpita Panda, Belinda Jothi J., Pooja Yadav, Shilpee Kumar","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233463","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV), both enteric hepatitis viruses, are transmitted through the feco-oral route. These infections can range from asymptomatic or subclinical cases to acute viral hepatitis, occasionally leading to mortality. To gain an understanding of the disease and develop effective management strategies, comprehending the disease burden is essential. This study aimed to provide insights into the prevalence of enteric transmitted hepatitis viruses among individuals with acute hepatitis in the Delhi region.\u0000Methods: A retrospective investigation was conducted at a prominent tertiary care super specialty hospital in Delhi, spanning from February 2019 to December 2022. Serum samples from patients suspected of having hepatitis and sent for HAV and HEV testing were included. The samples underwent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect HAV and HEV immunoglobulin (Ig)M antibodies. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS software version 21, employing Chi-square and Fischer exact tests where applicable.\u0000Results: Throughout the study period, a total of 1275 samples were incorporated. Viral etiology was evident in 197 patients (15.45%). Among these, IgM HAV was identified in 142 patients (11.13%), and IgM HEV was present in 55 patients (4.31%). HAV infection was notably more prevalent in the pediatric age group (20.89% or 89/426; p<0.001), while HEV was significantly more common among adolescents and adults (5.77% or 49/849; p<0.001).\u0000Conclusions: Regular surveillance of enteric transmitted viruses causing hepatitis should encompass both hospital and community levels to accurately gauge disease burden and evolving epidemiology.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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