Mohammed Al-Rubaii, Mohammed Al-Shargabi, Dhafer Al-Shehri
Efficient hole cleaning during drilling operations is critical to maintain a high rate of penetration and smooth drilling, leading to minimum drilling problems and economical drilling efficiency. This process involves several important factors, including pipe-sticking incidents, higher cuttings concentrations in the annulus, noisy vibration of the drill string, erratic equivalent circulating density, lost circulation incidents, well control incidents, geomechanical hole section instability, tight spots during tripping operations, and excessive usage of chemical additives for conditioning hole sections and mud. Various approaches, including correlations, methodologies, developments, algorithms, equipment, charts, field experience, chemicals, and studies involving experiments, can be used to enhance the efficiency of hole cleaning. The development of hole-cleaning models is important for use as hole-cleaning indicators to ensure optimized drilling efficiency. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the complex field of hole cleaning in the oil and gas industry. It includes techniques, tools, models, and chemical additives. It also encompasses drilling engineering, operations, and chemistry. To facilitate the transit of drill cuttings, maintain hole section stability, cool and lubricate the drill bit, and transmit hydraulic horsepower, this article outlines the important roles of drilling fluids. The significance of chemical additives, including nanoparticles, natural and modified polymers, and synthetic polymers, in preserving wellbore stability, improving drilling efficiency, and lowering drill bit wear is also covered in the study. It concludes by making recommendations for further study to clarify hole cleaning for the reader to facilitate and boost drilling efficiency.
{"title":"Hole Cleaning during Drilling Oil and Gas Wells: A Review for Hole-Cleaning Chemistry and Engineering Parameters","authors":"Mohammed Al-Rubaii, Mohammed Al-Shargabi, Dhafer Al-Shehri","doi":"10.1155/2023/6688500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6688500","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient hole cleaning during drilling operations is critical to maintain a high rate of penetration and smooth drilling, leading to minimum drilling problems and economical drilling efficiency. This process involves several important factors, including pipe-sticking incidents, higher cuttings concentrations in the annulus, noisy vibration of the drill string, erratic equivalent circulating density, lost circulation incidents, well control incidents, geomechanical hole section instability, tight spots during tripping operations, and excessive usage of chemical additives for conditioning hole sections and mud. Various approaches, including correlations, methodologies, developments, algorithms, equipment, charts, field experience, chemicals, and studies involving experiments, can be used to enhance the efficiency of hole cleaning. The development of hole-cleaning models is important for use as hole-cleaning indicators to ensure optimized drilling efficiency. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the complex field of hole cleaning in the oil and gas industry. It includes techniques, tools, models, and chemical additives. It also encompasses drilling engineering, operations, and chemistry. To facilitate the transit of drill cuttings, maintain hole section stability, cool and lubricate the drill bit, and transmit hydraulic horsepower, this article outlines the important roles of drilling fluids. The significance of chemical additives, including nanoparticles, natural and modified polymers, and synthetic polymers, in preserving wellbore stability, improving drilling efficiency, and lowering drill bit wear is also covered in the study. It concludes by making recommendations for further study to clarify hole cleaning for the reader to facilitate and boost drilling efficiency.","PeriodicalId":7345,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138548214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kazi Naimul Hoque, Francisco Presuel-Moreno, Manzurul Nazim
Two distinct binary blended concrete mixes were prepared for the study. The first mix involved a cement replacement of 50% slag, denoted as SL. The second mix incorporated a cement replacement of 20% fly ash, referred to as FA. No chlorides were added during the preparation of these concrete specimens. To accelerate chloride transport, electromigration was employed by placing specimens with varying reservoir lengths (ranging from 2.5 cm to 17.5 cm) on their top surfaces. These reservoirs were subsequently filled with a 10% NaCl solution. In this paper, corrosion propagation was monitored over a period of approximately 650 days using electrochemical measurements such as open circuit potential, linear polarization resistance (LPR), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The evolution of rebar potential, polarization resistance, solution resistance, and corrosion current were analyzed to understand the corrosion behavior. This paper focuses on how the length of the solution reservoirs influences the corrosion-related parameters such as polarization resistance, solution resistance, rebar potential, and corrosion current. During the monitored propagation period, the corrosion current values (last 7 sets of readings) exhibited higher magnitudes for the embedded rebars in specimens made with SL mix in comparison to those made with FA mix. Corrosion current measurements likewise showed an increasing trend as the reservoir lengths increased. None of the specimens had any visible cracks or corroded products that could reach the concrete surface throughout the monitored period. The experimental results provide insights into the corrosion mechanisms and the effectiveness of accelerated corrosion techniques in simulating real-life conditions.
{"title":"Accelerated Electromigration Approach to Evaluate Chloride-Induced Corrosion of Steel Rebar Embedded in Concrete","authors":"Kazi Naimul Hoque, Francisco Presuel-Moreno, Manzurul Nazim","doi":"10.1155/2023/6686519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6686519","url":null,"abstract":"Two distinct binary blended concrete mixes were prepared for the study. The first mix involved a cement replacement of 50% slag, denoted as SL. The second mix incorporated a cement replacement of 20% fly ash, referred to as FA. No chlorides were added during the preparation of these concrete specimens. To accelerate chloride transport, electromigration was employed by placing specimens with varying reservoir lengths (ranging from 2.5 cm to 17.5 cm) on their top surfaces. These reservoirs were subsequently filled with a 10% NaCl solution. In this paper, corrosion propagation was monitored over a period of approximately 650 days using electrochemical measurements such as open circuit potential, linear polarization resistance (LPR), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The evolution of rebar potential, polarization resistance, solution resistance, and corrosion current were analyzed to understand the corrosion behavior. This paper focuses on how the length of the solution reservoirs influences the corrosion-related parameters such as polarization resistance, solution resistance, rebar potential, and corrosion current. During the monitored propagation period, the corrosion current values (last 7 sets of readings) exhibited higher magnitudes for the embedded rebars in specimens made with SL mix in comparison to those made with FA mix. Corrosion current measurements likewise showed an increasing trend as the reservoir lengths increased. None of the specimens had any visible cracks or corroded products that could reach the concrete surface throughout the monitored period. The experimental results provide insights into the corrosion mechanisms and the effectiveness of accelerated corrosion techniques in simulating real-life conditions.","PeriodicalId":7345,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138541572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tchedele Langollo Yannick, Bilkissou Alim, Njoya Mfokou Abdou Nasser, Oumar Ali Taïga, Njoya Moussa Jalil, Belinga Essama Boum Raphael, Mache Jacques Richard
The present work is a comparative study of sand mortars from various geological origins to highlight their influence on mortar qualities. Five different sands and the cement CEM II/B–P 42.5R were used to produce mortars with similar water/cement ratios (W/C). These are the “Sanaga” sand from the Sanaga River, the “Wouri” sand from the Wouri River, the Nyambaka basalt sand, the Meiganga granite sand, and the Leboudi gneiss sand. The physical, chemical, and mineralogical features of these sands were used to characterize and classify them. They were then used to formulate mortars, which were analyzed and compared. According to the results of the mortar setting time tests, the initial setting time ranges from 195 minutes for Sanaga sand mortar (MS04) to 210 minutes for gneiss sand mortar (MGN03), passing Wouri sand mortar (MW05) with 200 minutes, basalt sand mortar (MB01) with 198 minutes, and granite sand mortar (MGR02) with 196 minutes. The final setting time ranged from 496 minutes (MGR02) to 510 minutes (MGN03), with an average of 300 minutes added to the initial setting time. The flexural strength tests of the mortars reveal that crushed sands outperform alluvial sands. They range from 1.64 to 2.18 MPa after 2 days, 3 to 3.90 MPa after 7 days, and 7 to 14.84 MPa after 28 days. The results of the compressive strength tests show that quarry sand mortars have greater average compressive strengths than alluvial sand mortars, with basalt sand providing the greatest performance. These strengths range from 6.35 to 10.83 MPa after 2 days, 7.55 to 18.96 MPa after 7 days, and 22.81 to 34.58 MPa after 28 days, with the MB01 being the best sand. These findings reveal that the geological origin of sands, which specifies certain of their physicochemical and mineralogical attributes, has an impact on the properties of mortars. This impact is also influenced by granulometry and organic matter concentration.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Mortars Made with Sands of Different Geological Origin","authors":"Tchedele Langollo Yannick, Bilkissou Alim, Njoya Mfokou Abdou Nasser, Oumar Ali Taïga, Njoya Moussa Jalil, Belinga Essama Boum Raphael, Mache Jacques Richard","doi":"10.1155/2023/5139325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5139325","url":null,"abstract":"The present work is a comparative study of sand mortars from various geological origins to highlight their influence on mortar qualities. Five different sands and the cement CEM II/B–P 42.5R were used to produce mortars with similar water/cement ratios (W/C). These are the “Sanaga” sand from the Sanaga River, the “Wouri” sand from the Wouri River, the Nyambaka basalt sand, the Meiganga granite sand, and the Leboudi gneiss sand. The physical, chemical, and mineralogical features of these sands were used to characterize and classify them. They were then used to formulate mortars, which were analyzed and compared. According to the results of the mortar setting time tests, the initial setting time ranges from 195 minutes for Sanaga sand mortar (MS04) to 210 minutes for gneiss sand mortar (MGN03), passing Wouri sand mortar (MW05) with 200 minutes, basalt sand mortar (MB01) with 198 minutes, and granite sand mortar (MGR02) with 196 minutes. The final setting time ranged from 496 minutes (MGR02) to 510 minutes (MGN03), with an average of 300 minutes added to the initial setting time. The flexural strength tests of the mortars reveal that crushed sands outperform alluvial sands. They range from 1.64 to 2.18 MPa after 2 days, 3 to 3.90 MPa after 7 days, and 7 to 14.84 MPa after 28 days. The results of the compressive strength tests show that quarry sand mortars have greater average compressive strengths than alluvial sand mortars, with basalt sand providing the greatest performance. These strengths range from 6.35 to 10.83 MPa after 2 days, 7.55 to 18.96 MPa after 7 days, and 22.81 to 34.58 MPa after 28 days, with the MB01 being the best sand. These findings reveal that the geological origin of sands, which specifies certain of their physicochemical and mineralogical attributes, has an impact on the properties of mortars. This impact is also influenced by granulometry and organic matter concentration.","PeriodicalId":7345,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138541552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dan Dang, Mei Lei, Xinyi Jiang, Rui Song, Gaimeng Yan, Wenju Liu
Sodium alginate-lanthanum (SA/Lan) hydrogel spheres were prepared by ion cross-linking method to remove Congo Red (CR) in an aqueous solution. The adsorption performance was assessed through batch experiments. The experiment revealed that the highest adsorption capacity of SA/Lan for CR was achieved when the mass concentration of La3+ was 1%, the dosage was 2 g·L−1, the initial concentration of CR was 30 mg·L−1, the adsorption time was 60 min, and the reaction temperature was 25°C. The adsorption capacity of 10.81 mg·g−1 was the corresponding figure. The adsorption process was consistent with the Langmuir and pseudosecond-order models.
{"title":"Preparation and Adsorption Performance on Congo Red of Sodium Alginate-Lanthanum Hydrogel Spheres","authors":"Dan Dang, Mei Lei, Xinyi Jiang, Rui Song, Gaimeng Yan, Wenju Liu","doi":"10.1155/2023/6020950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6020950","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium alginate-lanthanum (SA/Lan) hydrogel spheres were prepared by ion cross-linking method to remove Congo Red (CR) in an aqueous solution. The adsorption performance was assessed through batch experiments. The experiment revealed that the highest adsorption capacity of SA/Lan for CR was achieved when the mass concentration of La<sup>3+</sup> was 1%, the dosage was 2 g·L<sup>−1</sup>, the initial concentration of CR was 30 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>, the adsorption time was 60 min, and the reaction temperature was 25°C. The adsorption capacity of 10.81 mg·g<sup>−1</sup> was the corresponding figure. The adsorption process was consistent with the Langmuir and pseudosecond-order models.","PeriodicalId":7345,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138541551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baozhi Li, Weiwei Han, Shuyin Wu, Yanyan Shi, Pan Wang, Xiaoguo Wang
This paper aims to disclose the properties of the chemical grouting materials under different conditions. Firstly, the water-soluble polyurethane (WPU) slurry, oil-soluble polyurethane (OPU) slurry, epoxy resin (EP) slurry, a slurry mixed by WPU slurry, and OPU slurry marked as (WPU + OPU) slurry were selected to test the properties. The setting time, volume shrinkage, and adhesive strength were measured under room conditions and water conditions. Then, the tunnel construction joints were simulated, and the injectability and water blocking effect were analyzed to evaluate the suitability of the different grouting slurry. In addition, the results were applied in the water leakage management of the Taihu Lake tunnel project. The test results showed that each of the four materials had its performance advantages and disadvantages and provided vital guidance for the engineering application.
{"title":"Properties and Application of Chemical Grouting Materials for Construction Joint Leakage","authors":"Baozhi Li, Weiwei Han, Shuyin Wu, Yanyan Shi, Pan Wang, Xiaoguo Wang","doi":"10.1155/2023/1970245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1970245","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to disclose the properties of the chemical grouting materials under different conditions. Firstly, the water-soluble polyurethane (WPU) slurry, oil-soluble polyurethane (OPU) slurry, epoxy resin (EP) slurry, a slurry mixed by WPU slurry, and OPU slurry marked as (WPU + OPU) slurry were selected to test the properties. The setting time, volume shrinkage, and adhesive strength were measured under room conditions and water conditions. Then, the tunnel construction joints were simulated, and the injectability and water blocking effect were analyzed to evaluate the suitability of the different grouting slurry. In addition, the results were applied in the water leakage management of the Taihu Lake tunnel project. The test results showed that each of the four materials had its performance advantages and disadvantages and provided vital guidance for the engineering application.","PeriodicalId":7345,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138541571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Piled raft foundations are composite foundations that combine piles and raft to support civil engineering structure and to reduce the settlement. The data were obtained from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In this study, the effects of raft thickness, number of piles, pile length, spacing of piles, and pile diameter on the response of piled-raft foundations were investigated using the finite element-based program Plaxis 3D for layered soils (medium to very stiff high plastic silty clay and medium to very dense silty sand soil) subjected to uniform vertical loading. The results showed that increasing the thickness of the raft from 0.7 m to 1.7 m reduced the differential settlement by 78.21% when there were 16 piles. However, the maximum settlement also increased by 2.81%. Increasing the number of piles from 4 to 16 reduced the maximum settlement by 22.09% for a pile spacing of 4D. Moreover, increasing the pile length from 9 m to 15 m contributed to a 19.49% reduction in the total settlement for a pile spacing of 5D. Therefore, the current study provides a useful framework for analyzing and designing large piled-raft foundations.
{"title":"Performance Optimization of Piled Raft Foundations in Layered Soil under Uniform Vertical Loading Using Plaxis 3D","authors":"Biya Degefu Teji, Argaw Asha Ashango","doi":"10.1155/2023/6693876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6693876","url":null,"abstract":"Piled raft foundations are composite foundations that combine piles and raft to support civil engineering structure and to reduce the settlement. The data were obtained from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In this study, the effects of raft thickness, number of piles, pile length, spacing of piles, and pile diameter on the response of piled-raft foundations were investigated using the finite element-based program Plaxis 3D for layered soils (medium to very stiff high plastic silty clay and medium to very dense silty sand soil) subjected to uniform vertical loading. The results showed that increasing the thickness of the raft from 0.7 m to 1.7 m reduced the differential settlement by 78.21% when there were 16 piles. However, the maximum settlement also increased by 2.81%. Increasing the number of piles from 4 to 16 reduced the maximum settlement by 22.09% for a pile spacing of 4D. Moreover, increasing the pile length from 9 m to 15 m contributed to a 19.49% reduction in the total settlement for a pile spacing of 5D. Therefore, the current study provides a useful framework for analyzing and designing large piled-raft foundations.","PeriodicalId":7345,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138543685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Jensin Joshua, Dalbir Singh, Y. Murali Krishna, P. Sivaprakasam, D. Raja Joseph, P. S. Venkatanarayanan
The application of composite materials has increased so drastically in the aerospace industry. The Impact strength signifies the importance of composite materials when exposed to suddenly applied loads. This paper is focused on describing the behavior of interwoven kevlar/glass-epoxy and kevlar/basalt-epoxy composite laminate under high-velocity bullet impact. The composite lamina of kevlar/glass and that of kevlar/basalt are prepared using three different weaving techniques. The composite laminates are prepared using the compression moulding technique. The laminates have been subjected to high-velocity bullet impact. The velocity range is from 220 m/s to 260 m/s. The impact damage area in the laminate has been assessed through ultrasonic pulse echo submerged nondestructive technique. The impact strength has been calculated using the damaged area derived using the impact energy absorbed by the laminate. The results have shown that the maximum impact which found out to be kevlar/basalt (KB 1 × 1) is 28.24 J/cm2.
{"title":"Estimation of Impact Strength of Kevlar/Basalt and Kevlar/Glass Interwoven Composite Laminate after High-Velocity Bullet Impact","authors":"J. Jensin Joshua, Dalbir Singh, Y. Murali Krishna, P. Sivaprakasam, D. Raja Joseph, P. S. Venkatanarayanan","doi":"10.1155/2023/8933844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8933844","url":null,"abstract":"The application of composite materials has increased so drastically in the aerospace industry. The Impact strength signifies the importance of composite materials when exposed to suddenly applied loads. This paper is focused on describing the behavior of interwoven kevlar/glass-epoxy and kevlar/basalt-epoxy composite laminate under high-velocity bullet impact. The composite lamina of kevlar/glass and that of kevlar/basalt are prepared using three different weaving techniques. The composite laminates are prepared using the compression moulding technique. The laminates have been subjected to high-velocity bullet impact. The velocity range is from 220 m/s to 260 m/s. The impact damage area in the laminate has been assessed through ultrasonic pulse echo submerged nondestructive technique. The impact strength has been calculated using the damaged area derived using the impact energy absorbed by the laminate. The results have shown that the maximum impact which found out to be kevlar/basalt (KB 1 × 1) is 28.24 J/cm<sup>2</sup>.","PeriodicalId":7345,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138541573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chandrasekaran Palanisamy, Ganeshprabhu Parvathikumar, S. Gnanasekaran, Samson Jerold Samuel Chelladurai, S. Sivananthan, B. Adhavan, N. K. Geetha, Ramesh Arthanari, Solomon Tibebu
Cement-based materials are increasingly and widely employed in infrastructure development; however, they pollute our environment by generating carbon dioxide, which is detrimental to our civilization. In self-cleaning concrete, photocatalysts accelerate the decomposition of organic particles; thus, photocatalytic degradation of gaseous pollutants could reduce pollution. The incorporation of photocatalytic components enhanced the mechanical self-cleaning properties of cement mortar. In this study, 4–6 percent by weight of rutile TiO2 was added to mortar, and the results were compared to those of a control sample. On the proposed mortar cubes, both fresh mortar and hardening mortar experiments were conducted. Because the initial and final setting times of TiO2 differ from those of conventional cement mortar, the surplus TiO2water-cement ratio had to be modified. The adaptability of the sol-gel method enables the use of various process parameters to influence the properties of the produced TiO2 nanoparticles. The compressive strength was calculated for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, and an ultrasonic velocity test was performed after 28 days. On mortar samples, acid and sulfate attack experiments were performed. The M-3 mortar mixture containing 5% rutile exhibited the highest level of strength compared to the other mixtures. The M-3 exhibits a strength that is 10.96% greater than that of the control mix. The impact of acid and sulfate attack on the strength of mix M-2 is relatively modest in comparison to other mixtures. Using RhB (rhodamine color) discoloration under UV light, such as sunlight, the photocatalytic mortar is concentrated; a typical test for self-cleaning cementitious materials reveals the presence of more photocatalytic material, which yields the best results.
{"title":"Study on the Behavior of Self-Cleaning Impregnated Photocatalyst (Tio2) with Cement Mortar","authors":"Chandrasekaran Palanisamy, Ganeshprabhu Parvathikumar, S. Gnanasekaran, Samson Jerold Samuel Chelladurai, S. Sivananthan, B. Adhavan, N. K. Geetha, Ramesh Arthanari, Solomon Tibebu","doi":"10.1155/2023/3571526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3571526","url":null,"abstract":"Cement-based materials are increasingly and widely employed in infrastructure development; however, they pollute our environment by generating carbon dioxide, which is detrimental to our civilization. In self-cleaning concrete, photocatalysts accelerate the decomposition of organic particles; thus, photocatalytic degradation of gaseous pollutants could reduce pollution. The incorporation of photocatalytic components enhanced the mechanical self-cleaning properties of cement mortar. In this study, 4–6 percent by weight of rutile TiO<sub>2</sub> was added to mortar, and the results were compared to those of a control sample. On the proposed mortar cubes, both fresh mortar and hardening mortar experiments were conducted. Because the initial and final setting times of TiO<sub>2</sub> differ from those of conventional cement mortar, the surplus TiO<sub>2</sub>water-cement ratio had to be modified. The adaptability of the sol-gel method enables the use of various process parameters to influence the properties of the produced TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles. The compressive strength was calculated for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, and an ultrasonic velocity test was performed after 28 days. On mortar samples, acid and sulfate attack experiments were performed. The M-3 mortar mixture containing 5% rutile exhibited the highest level of strength compared to the other mixtures. The M-3 exhibits a strength that is 10.96% greater than that of the control mix. The impact of acid and sulfate attack on the strength of mix M-2 is relatively modest in comparison to other mixtures. Using RhB (rhodamine color) discoloration under UV light, such as sunlight, the photocatalytic mortar is concentrated; a typical test for self-cleaning cementitious materials reveals the presence of more photocatalytic material, which yields the best results.","PeriodicalId":7345,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138505023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Tanimoto, Toshiya Iwata, H. Yamaoka, M. Yamada, Kana Kobori
Polylactide (PLA) latex particle covered with polypeptide chains were prepared by means of solvent exchange method from PLA and PLA-block-polypeptide block copolymer solutions. PLA segment of the block copolymer and PLA homopolymer formed a core of the particle, and the polypeptide segment of the block copolymer, which is designed as tightly fixed biodegradable emulsifier, formed corona around the particle surface. This picture was supported by the fact that zeta-potential of PLA latex particle covered with polypeptide segment was different from that of bare PLA particle because of the presence of the ionizable group in the polypeptide chains. To clarify the effect of the ionizable group on conformation of the polypeptide chain, the relation between the polypeptide chain length and the area occupied by the single block chain was evaluated. The result that the occupied area per a polypeptide chain was linearly increased with the increase in the polypeptide chain length indicates that the polypeptide chains trail on the particle surface and did not take helical structures.
{"title":"Conformational Study of Polypeptide Chains Grafted on the Surface of Polylactide Latex Particle","authors":"S. Tanimoto, Toshiya Iwata, H. Yamaoka, M. Yamada, Kana Kobori","doi":"10.1155/2009/196950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/196950","url":null,"abstract":"Polylactide (PLA) latex particle covered with polypeptide chains were prepared by means of solvent exchange method from PLA and PLA-block-polypeptide block copolymer solutions. PLA segment of the block copolymer and PLA homopolymer formed a core of the particle, and the polypeptide segment of the block copolymer, which is designed as tightly fixed biodegradable emulsifier, formed corona around the particle surface. This picture was supported by the fact that zeta-potential of PLA latex particle covered with polypeptide segment was different from that of bare PLA particle because of the presence of the ionizable group in the polypeptide chains. To clarify the effect of the ionizable group on conformation of the polypeptide chain, the relation between the polypeptide chain length and the area occupied by the single block chain was evaluated. The result that the occupied area per a polypeptide chain was linearly increased with the increase in the polypeptide chain length indicates that the polypeptide chains trail on the particle surface and did not take helical structures.","PeriodicalId":7345,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2009/196950","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64188912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasir Uddin, F. Ko, J. Xiong, B. Farouk, F. Capaldi
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are dispersed into polyacrylonitrile polymer solution and then assembled into continuous nanocomposite yarns through the drum-tape co-electrospinning process to facilitate the translation of CNT properties to higher order structures. We explore the dispersion of CNTs in a polymer matrix, the process of obtaining continuous yarn through electrospinning, and the surface morphology and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite yarn.
{"title":"Process, Structure, and Properties of Electrospun Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Nanocomposite Yarns","authors":"Nasir Uddin, F. Ko, J. Xiong, B. Farouk, F. Capaldi","doi":"10.1155/2009/868917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/868917","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are dispersed into polyacrylonitrile polymer solution and then assembled into continuous nanocomposite yarns through the drum-tape co-electrospinning process to facilitate the translation of CNT properties to higher order structures. We explore the dispersion of CNTs in a polymer matrix, the process of obtaining continuous yarn through electrospinning, and the surface morphology and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite yarn.","PeriodicalId":7345,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2009/868917","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64209943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：