Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.020302.boisestate
Johnson Mbabazi, Fiona MacGregor, J. Breckon, Dorothy Irene Nalweyiso, A. Rhodes, E. Kunonga, B. Tolchard, J. Teke, L. Nnyanzi
Obesity's multifaceted causes give rise to a complex and diverse range of health associated morbidities and comorbidities, including diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, particularly among British Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) populations within in the UK. As found within the recent COVID-19 pandemic these can have wider reaching implications including increased risk of mortality within this population group. Understanding the potential social determinants of the causes of obesity is essential if effective strategies are to be developed to tackle this. A comprehensive search of the CINAHL, ASSIA and Web of Science databases was undertaken with 148 papers identified. Through application of inclusion and exclusion criteria two papers were included within this review. Inductive content analysis was undertaken, through which four conceptual categories were identified: impact of social culture, the "limitless" consequences of empowerment, the power of knowledge, and external elements. Social determinants such as culture, perception, family, and mental health have been found to impact significantly on the ability of many individuals within the BAME population to effectively engage with obesity and weight loss strategies. A greater understanding of these social determinants is needed if future strategies aimed at addressing the obesity pandemic within this population is to be effective.
肥胖的多方面原因导致了一系列复杂多样的健康相关疾病和合并症，包括糖尿病、高血压和心血管疾病，尤其是在英国的英国亚裔和少数民族(BAME)人群中。正如在最近的2019冠状病毒病大流行中发现的那样，这些可能会产生更广泛的影响，包括增加这一人群的死亡风险。如果要制定有效的策略来解决这个问题，了解肥胖原因的潜在社会决定因素是必不可少的。对CINAHL、ASSIA和Web of Science数据库进行了全面的检索，确定了148篇论文。通过应用纳入和排除标准，两篇论文被纳入本综述。通过归纳内容分析，确定了四个概念类别:社会文化的影响、赋权的“无限”后果、知识的力量和外部因素。社会决定因素，如文化、观念、家庭和心理健康，已被发现对BAME人群中许多个体有效参与肥胖和减肥策略的能力产生重大影响。如果未来旨在解决这一人群中肥胖流行病的战略要有效，就需要对这些社会决定因素有更深入的了解。
{"title":"Tackling the Complexities of the Obesity Pandemic Among the BAME Population in the UK Through Identification of the Social Determinants of Mental Health and Wellbeing","authors":"Johnson Mbabazi, Fiona MacGregor, J. Breckon, Dorothy Irene Nalweyiso, A. Rhodes, E. Kunonga, B. Tolchard, J. Teke, L. Nnyanzi","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.020302.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.020302.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity's multifaceted causes give rise to a complex and diverse range of health associated morbidities and comorbidities, including diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, particularly among British Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) populations within in the UK. As found within the recent COVID-19 pandemic these can have wider reaching implications including increased risk of mortality within this population group. Understanding the potential social determinants of the causes of obesity is essential if effective strategies are to be developed to tackle this. A comprehensive search of the CINAHL, ASSIA and Web of Science databases was undertaken with 148 papers identified. Through application of inclusion and exclusion criteria two papers were included within this review. Inductive content analysis was undertaken, through which four conceptual categories were identified: impact of social culture, the \"limitless\" consequences of empowerment, the power of knowledge, and external elements. Social determinants such as culture, perception, family, and mental health have been found to impact significantly on the ability of many individuals within the BAME population to effectively engage with obesity and weight loss strategies. A greater understanding of these social determinants is needed if future strategies aimed at addressing the obesity pandemic within this population is to be effective.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45323279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.020301.boisestate
Kelly L. Simonton, T. M. Dasinger, Alex C. Garn
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate empirical distinctness and overlap between physical activity (PA) affect and emotions as well as potential unique relationships with PA beliefs and behaviors. Specifically, researchers wanted to explore the level of shared variance amongst discrete emotions and affect, which in effect tested the jingle-jangle fallacy that can be present in psychometric evaluation of related constructs. Participants: College students (N=519; Mage= 20.47) enrolled in PA courses at two universities in the Southeastern United States completed questionnaires concerning their PA related emotions, affect, self-efficacy, and self-reported PA. Methods: Confirmatory factor analysis and structural modeling were used to evaluate factor structure and hypothesized relationships. Results: Sound factor analysis was identified with affect related to several emotions, including strong correlations between enjoyment and positive affect, suggesting some construct and measurement intersection. Regression results showed emotions produced stronger relationships with self-efficacy and PA compared to affect. Conclusions: While conceptual overlap did exist, measuring several discrete emotions over the dichotomous affective measure may be more insightful and provide specificity in explaining PA decisions. More research is needed on the use of PA emotions.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis Between Physical Activity Affect and Discrete Emotions in College Students","authors":"Kelly L. Simonton, T. M. Dasinger, Alex C. Garn","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.020301.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.020301.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate empirical distinctness and overlap between physical activity (PA) affect and emotions as well as potential unique relationships with PA beliefs and behaviors. Specifically, researchers wanted to explore the level of shared variance amongst discrete emotions and affect, which in effect tested the jingle-jangle fallacy that can be present in psychometric evaluation of related constructs.\u0000 Participants: College students (N=519; Mage= 20.47) enrolled in PA courses at two universities in the Southeastern United States completed questionnaires concerning their PA related emotions, affect, self-efficacy, and self-reported PA.\u0000 Methods: Confirmatory factor analysis and structural modeling were used to evaluate factor structure and hypothesized relationships.\u0000 Results: Sound factor analysis was identified with affect related to several emotions, including strong correlations between enjoyment and positive affect, suggesting some construct and measurement intersection. Regression results showed emotions produced stronger relationships with self-efficacy and PA compared to affect.\u0000 Conclusions: While conceptual overlap did exist, measuring several discrete emotions over the dichotomous affective measure may be more insightful and provide specificity in explaining PA decisions. More research is needed on the use of PA emotions.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48198910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.020203.boisestate
Weidong Li, Ping Xiang
Purpose: Positive effects of physical activity on cognitive function among children and adolescents have been observed in previous studies. However, little is known about whether there is a dose-response effect of physical activity on cognitive functioning. Especially, the curvilinear relationship between regular physical activity and cognitive functioning remained unexplored. The purpose of this paper was to review the literature on the dose response effect of physical activity on cognitive function among children and adolescents. Methods: A literature search on key words, title, and abstract with the phrases “physical activity and executive function”, “physical activity and cognition”, and “physical activity and cognitive function” was conducted by the authors on five databases: (a) Academic Search Complete; (b) ERIC; (c) Medline; (d) Pubmed; and (e) SportDiscus. Articles that met the inclusive and exclusive criteria were included in this review. Data including eight variables were extracted by the first author and validated by the second author independently. Results: Only four studies examined the dose-response effects of regular physical activities on cognitive functions. Little evidence is available to support the dose response effect. There is no evidence to support a curvilinear relationship between physical activity and cognitive function. Discussion and Conclusion: Research on the dose response effect of physical activity on cognitive function is still in its infancy. More research is warranted to further advance this line of research. Especially, future research should focus on what constitutes the minimal physical activity for cognitive benefits and what constitutes the optimal PA required to achieve maximal cognitive benefits. Findings from this line of research are critical to guiding future interventions and policies on increasing physical activity and cognitive function among children and adolescents in the United States.
{"title":"A Review on the Dose Response Effect of Regular Physical Activity on Cognitive Function Among Children and Adolescents","authors":"Weidong Li, Ping Xiang","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.020203.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.020203.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Positive effects of physical activity on cognitive function among children and adolescents have \u0000 been observed in previous studies. However, little is known about whether there is a dose-response effect of physical \u0000 activity on cognitive functioning. Especially, the curvilinear relationship between regular physical activity and \u0000 cognitive functioning remained unexplored. The purpose of this paper was to review the literature on the dose response \u0000 effect of physical activity on cognitive function among children and adolescents. Methods: A literature search \u0000 on key words, title, and abstract with the phrases “physical activity and executive function”, “physical activity and cognition”, \u0000 and “physical activity and cognitive function” was conducted by the authors on five databases: (a) Academic Search Complete; (b) \u0000 ERIC; (c) Medline; (d) Pubmed; and (e) SportDiscus. Articles that met the inclusive and exclusive criteria were included in this \u0000 review. Data including eight variables were extracted by the first author and validated by the second author \u0000 independently. Results: Only four studies examined the dose-response effects of regular physical activities on \u0000 cognitive functions. Little evidence is available to support the dose response effect. There is no evidence to support a \u0000 curvilinear relationship between physical activity and cognitive function. Discussion and Conclusion: Research \u0000 on the dose response effect of physical activity on cognitive function is still in its infancy. More research is warranted to \u0000 further advance this line of research. Especially, future research should focus on what constitutes the minimal physical \u0000 activity for cognitive benefits and what constitutes the optimal PA required to achieve maximal cognitive benefits. Findings \u0000 from this line of research are critical to guiding future interventions and policies on increasing physical activity and cognitive \u0000 function among children and adolescents in the United States.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45204372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.020202.boisestate
Wanjiang Zhou, John Jose Palos Perez, Kaitlyn Adams, Zan Gao
Early physical activity (PA) interventions during preschool ages are necessary and critical to cultivate healthy movement behaviors for healthy growth and development. The increasing obesity rate among children is a major public health concern globally, which is largely due to poor adherence to participating in regular PA. Active video game (AVG) interventions have been increasingly used in promoting PA. The narrative review synthesized current literature regarding the effect of AVG interventions on physical health and development indicators among healthy preschoolers. A systematic review was performed in Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, ERIC, PubMed, SPORT Discus, and Web of Science, following the PRISMA guidelines. A total of seven experimental studies were included; two were home-based interventions and four were center-based interventions. Three studies confirmed AVG interventions had a positive effect on the targeted outcomes: fruit and vegetable acceptance, execution function, and perceived competence. All other studies found partially positive effects on PA levels, motor skill competence, fundamental movement skills, or cognitive flexibility. The available evidence suggests that AVGs could be a promising channel to promote PA outcomes that contribute to physical health and development in preschoolers. The results underline advantages and usages of AVG interventions in preschoolers although evidence provided limited robustness. There is a paucity of studies that investigated the effect of AVG PA interventions on physical health and development in healthy preschoolers. Future studies are needed to replicate findings and test feasibility and efficacy of AVG PA interventions.
学龄前早期身体活动干预是培养健康的运动行为以促进健康生长发育的必要和关键。儿童肥胖率的上升是全球主要的公共卫生问题，这在很大程度上是由于参加定期PA的依从性差。主动视频游戏(AVG)干预已越来越多地用于促进PA。叙述性综述综合了目前关于AVG干预对健康学龄前儿童身体健康和发育指标影响的文献。遵循PRISMA指南，在Academic Search Premier、CINAHL、ERIC、PubMed、SPORT Discus和Web of Science中进行系统评价。共纳入7项实验研究;两项是家庭干预，四项是中心干预。三项研究证实，AVG干预对目标结果有积极影响:水果和蔬菜的接受度、执行功能和感知能力。所有其他的研究都发现了部分积极的影响，包括PA水平、运动技能能力、基本运动技能或认知灵活性。现有证据表明，avg可能是促进PA结果的一个有希望的渠道，有助于学龄前儿童的身体健康和发展。结果强调了AVG干预在学龄前儿童中的优势和用途，尽管证据提供有限的稳健性。关于AVG - PA干预对健康学龄前儿童身体健康和发育影响的研究较少。未来的研究需要重复研究结果，并测试AVG - PA干预的可行性和有效性。
{"title":"Effects of Active Video Game Interventions on Physical Health and Development Among Healthy Preschool Children","authors":"Wanjiang Zhou, John Jose Palos Perez, Kaitlyn Adams, Zan Gao","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.020202.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.020202.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Early physical activity (PA) interventions during preschool ages are necessary and critical to cultivate healthy movement \u0000 behaviors for healthy growth and development. The increasing obesity rate among children is a major public health concern \u0000 globally, which is largely due to poor adherence to participating in regular PA. Active video game (AVG) interventions have \u0000 been increasingly used in promoting PA. The narrative review synthesized current literature regarding the effect of AVG \u0000 interventions on physical health and development indicators among healthy preschoolers. A systematic review was performed \u0000 in Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, ERIC, PubMed, SPORT Discus, and Web of Science, following the PRISMA guidelines. A total \u0000 of seven experimental studies were included; two were home-based interventions and four were center-based interventions. \u0000 Three studies confirmed AVG interventions had a positive effect on the targeted outcomes: fruit and vegetable acceptance, \u0000 execution function, and perceived competence. All other studies found partially positive effects on PA levels, motor skill \u0000 competence, fundamental movement skills, or cognitive flexibility. The available evidence suggests that AVGs could be a \u0000 promising channel to promote PA outcomes that contribute to physical health and development in preschoolers. The results \u0000 underline advantages and usages of AVG interventions in preschoolers although evidence provided limited robustness. There \u0000 is a paucity of studies that investigated the effect of AVG PA interventions on physical health and development in healthy \u0000 preschoolers. Future studies are needed to replicate findings and test feasibility and efficacy of AVG PA interventions.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48082643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.020206.boisestate
Suryeon Ryu, P. Rodríguez-González
Health wearable technologies have become popular in recent decades to improve individual physical activity (PA) behavior. Thus, this paper aims to examine the health of wearable-based PA intervention among children and adolescents and provide narrative overviews. This paper retrieved articles based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) experimental design; (2) studies among healthy children and adolescents aged from 5 to 18 years; (3) studies using health wearables as a medium to enhance PA or reduce sedentary behavior; and (4) studies with PA assessments as an outcome. Relevant articles were searched based on recent preceding review papers published in 2021 and 2022. A total of 45 studies were included in this review. Research conducted in the United States was predominant, and the participants' ages varied from 6 to 18 years old. Most interventions were implemented for 6 to 12 weeks, and pedometers seemed to be the most easily accessible device. Regarding intervention fidelity, a brief survey and interview were the most frequently used methods. However, there is a paucity of research reporting intervention fidelity on this topic, leading to uncertainty about research findings.
{"title":"A Review of Health Wearable-Based Physical Activity Interventions Among Children and Adolescents","authors":"Suryeon Ryu, P. Rodríguez-González","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.020206.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.020206.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Health wearable technologies have become popular in recent decades to improve individual physical activity (PA) behavior. \u0000 Thus, this paper aims to examine the health of wearable-based PA intervention among children and adolescents and provide \u0000 narrative overviews. This paper retrieved articles based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) experimental design; (2) \u0000 studies among healthy children and adolescents aged from 5 to 18 years; (3) studies using health wearables as a medium to \u0000 enhance PA or reduce sedentary behavior; and (4) studies with PA assessments as an outcome. Relevant articles were searched \u0000 based on recent preceding review papers published in 2021 and 2022. A total of 45 studies were included in this review. \u0000 Research conducted in the United States was predominant, and the participants' ages varied from 6 to 18 years old. Most \u0000 interventions were implemented for 6 to 12 weeks, and pedometers seemed to be the most easily accessible device. Regarding \u0000 intervention fidelity, a brief survey and interview were the most frequently used methods. However, there is a paucity of research \u0000 reporting intervention fidelity on this topic, leading to uncertainty about research findings.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41876050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.020204.boisestate
Ana West, Joonyoung Lee, Tao Zhang
Using the self-determination theory (SDT) to create a need-supportive teaching environment to promote children’s learning, this study aimed to implement a need-supportive, structured fundamental motor skills (FMS)-based intervention during preschoolers’ 30-minute recess (2 lesson plans; 6 lessons/week for four weeks), and to examine intervention effects on preschoolers’ FMS and perceived competence. Twenty-four preschoolers (Mage = 4.80, SD = 0.32; 54% girls) were randomly assigned to intervention (N = 13) and control (N = 11) groups. Pre- and post-assessments measured actual FMS and perceived competence. A repeated measure MANOVA showed significant improvements between the groups over time in FMS and perceived competence (p < 0.05, Wilk’s Λ = 0.62, partial η2 = 0.38). A follow-up univariate test showed significant group × time differences in locomotor skills, ball skills, and total motor competence (p < 0.05). Cohen’s d results indicated medium to large effect size for the intervention group’s FMS and perceived competence, from pre and post intervention (ds 0.56–1.11). No significant improvements in FMS and perceived competence were observed in the control group. These findings indicate that the intervention can be used to enhance preschoolers’ FMS and perceived competence, which subsequently affect their physical activity and health status.
{"title":"Promoting Preschoolers Actual and Perceived Motor Competence During Recess","authors":"Ana West, Joonyoung Lee, Tao Zhang","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.020204.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.020204.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Using the self-determination theory (SDT) to create a need-supportive teaching environment to promote children’s learning, \u0000 this study aimed to implement a need-supportive, structured fundamental motor skills (FMS)-based intervention during \u0000 preschoolers’ 30-minute recess (2 lesson plans; 6 lessons/week for four weeks), and to examine intervention effects on \u0000 preschoolers’ FMS and perceived competence. Twenty-four preschoolers (Mage = 4.80, SD = 0.32; \u0000 54% girls) were randomly assigned to intervention (N = 13) and control (N = 11) groups. Pre- \u0000 and post-assessments measured actual FMS and perceived competence. A repeated measure MANOVA showed significant improvements \u0000 between the groups over time in FMS and perceived competence (p < 0.05, Wilk’s Λ = 0.62, \u0000 partial η2 = 0.38). A follow-up univariate test showed significant group × time differences in locomotor skills, \u0000 ball skills, and total motor competence (p < 0.05). Cohen’s d results indicated medium to large effect \u0000 size for the intervention group’s FMS and perceived competence, from pre and post intervention (ds 0.56–1.11). \u0000 No significant improvements in FMS and perceived competence were observed in the control group. These findings indicate that the \u0000 intervention can be used to enhance preschoolers’ FMS and perceived competence, which subsequently affect their physical \u0000 activity and health status.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46578224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.020141.boisestate
Yucai Liu
Intelligent fitness assistance device is an intelligent (electromechanical or other power) assistance device. According to the actual situation of students with weak physical fitness, the device gives intelligent help. In order to reduce the difficulty of fitness and improve the fitness efficiency, this study introduced the relevant theories and technologies in the field of intelligent electromechanical into students' fitness. We collected and sorted out corresponding theories and technologies from the field of physical fitness and the field of intelligent electromechanical assistance, sought the integration point of the two interdisciplinary disciplines, took electromechanical assistance as the main technical support, take students with weak physical fitness as the service object, and sorted out and innovated intelligent fitness assistance devices mainly under the guidance and help of experts in physical education and physics. Literature research method, interdisciplinary research method, simulation method (model method) and other methods were used to collect and sort out corresponding technologies based on students' fitness needs and innovation. Aiming at the problems of weak physical fitness and insufficient strength and endurance of students, an intelligent booster device was designed to scientifically improve the fitness level and effect. In the current sports environment of weak national physique, declining physique of students of all ages, and extensive restrictions on students' fitness, sports intelligent fitness assistance device is time-saving and efficient and has strong discipline and technology integration. However, there are integration difficulties between the two. The sports intelligent fitness assistance device promotes the subjective development of students' fitness in multi-dimensional and multi-way from the objective level of hardware, in terms of fitness willingness, operation feasibility Safety controllability and long-term guarantee, which has strong practical significance. The test design is a push up intelligent electromechanical booster device, which is trial manufactured by using electromechanical theory and mature ready-made machines (this time, due to limited funds and technical level, the variable frequency lifting motor that is easy to purchase and test is selected); Computer programming based on single chip microcomputer is used to realize the integration of computer knowledge and sports knowledge. Generally speaking, the concept of this study is basically realized, and the device basically runs normally. In the follow-up research and exploration, the scientific and technological level of research, design and manufacturing will be improved, and more scientific, efficient, and safe devices or equipment will be provided for students' fitness.
{"title":"Difficulties and Solutions of Intelligent Fitness Assistance Device to Help Students with Weak Physical Fitness","authors":"Yucai Liu","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.020141.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.020141.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent fitness assistance device is an intelligent (electromechanical or other power) assistance device. According to the \u0000 actual situation of students with weak physical fitness, the device gives intelligent help. In order to reduce the difficulty \u0000 of fitness and improve the fitness efficiency, this study introduced the relevant theories and technologies in the field of \u0000 intelligent electromechanical into students' fitness. We collected and sorted out corresponding theories and technologies \u0000 from the field of physical fitness and the field of intelligent electromechanical assistance, sought the integration point \u0000 of the two interdisciplinary disciplines, took electromechanical assistance as the main technical support, take students \u0000 with weak physical fitness as the service object, and sorted out and innovated intelligent fitness assistance devices mainly \u0000 under the guidance and help of experts in physical education and physics. Literature research method, interdisciplinary \u0000 research method, simulation method (model method) and other methods were used to collect and sort out corresponding \u0000 technologies based on students' fitness needs and innovation. Aiming at the problems of weak physical fitness and \u0000 insufficient strength and endurance of students, an intelligent booster device was designed to scientifically improve \u0000 the fitness level and effect. In the current sports environment of weak national physique, declining physique of students \u0000 of all ages, and extensive restrictions on students' fitness, sports intelligent fitness assistance device is time-saving \u0000 and efficient and has strong discipline and technology integration. However, there are integration difficulties between \u0000 the two. The sports intelligent fitness assistance device promotes the subjective development of students' fitness in \u0000 multi-dimensional and multi-way from the objective level of hardware, in terms of fitness willingness, operation \u0000 feasibility Safety controllability and long-term guarantee, which has strong practical significance. The test design \u0000 is a push up intelligent electromechanical booster device, which is trial manufactured by using electromechanical theory \u0000 and mature ready-made machines (this time, due to limited funds and technical level, the variable frequency lifting motor \u0000 that is easy to purchase and test is selected); Computer programming based on single chip microcomputer is used to realize \u0000 the integration of computer knowledge and sports knowledge. Generally speaking, the concept of this study is basically \u0000 realized, and the device basically runs normally. In the follow-up research and exploration, the scientific and technological \u0000 level of research, design and manufacturing will be improved, and more scientific, efficient, and safe devices or equipment \u0000 will be provided for students' fitness.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44991383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.020205.boisestate
Senlin Chen, Chelsea L Kracht, Robbie A Beyl, Amanda E Staiano
This study aimed to examine the temporal changes in energy-balance behaviors and home factors in adolescents with normal weight and those with overweight or obesity (OWOB). Adolescents or parent proxies completed survey assessments two to four years before (T0; ), ≤ six months before (T1; ), and ≤ three months after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak (T2; ), to capture energy-balance behaviors (i.e., physical activity [PA], screen time, sleep) and home factors (i.e., food environment, food worry, parent support for PA). At T0 and T1 (before pandemic), participants visited our laboratory for anthropometric measurements. At T2, parent proxies also completed a survey to report the COVID-19 pandemic exposure and impact. The participating families experienced moderate levels of pandemic exposure and impact, although exposure was higher in the OWOB group . Repeated-measure multivariate analyses of covariance (RM-MACOVAs) did not show significant time by weight status interaction effects (; adjusted for race and sex). However, the models detected significant time (T0 vs. T2) by race (White vs. non-White) interaction effect , with greater increase in food worry but less increase in screen time among the non-White group. Graphical visualization depicted some favorable change patterns in adolescents with normal weight (vs. those with OWOB) for certain behaviors and home factors (e.g., number of days per week ≥ 60 mins PA, food worry). These findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic exerted greater adverse effects on adolescents with OWOB and specifically on screen time and food worry among non-White adolescents.
{"title":"Temporal Changes in Energy-Balance Behaviors and Home Factors in Adolescents with Normal Weight and Those with Overweight or Obesity.","authors":"Senlin Chen, Chelsea L Kracht, Robbie A Beyl, Amanda E Staiano","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.020205.boisestate","DOIUrl":"10.18122/ijpah.020205.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to examine the temporal changes in energy-balance behaviors and home factors in adolescents with normal weight and those with overweight or obesity (OWOB). Adolescents or parent proxies completed survey assessments two to four years before (T0; <math><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>82</mn></math>), ≤ six months before (T1; <math><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>68</mn></math>), and ≤ three months after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak (T2; <math><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>82</mn></math>), to capture energy-balance behaviors (i.e., physical activity [PA], screen time, sleep) and home factors (i.e., food environment, food worry, parent support for PA). At T0 and T1 (before pandemic), participants visited our laboratory for anthropometric measurements. At T2, parent proxies also completed a survey to report the COVID-19 pandemic exposure and impact. The participating families experienced moderate levels of pandemic exposure and impact, although exposure was higher in the OWOB group <math><mfenced><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>1,78</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>5.50</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mi>p</mi><mo><</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></mrow></mfenced></math>. Repeated-measure multivariate analyses of covariance (RM-MACOVAs) did not show significant time by weight status interaction effects (<math><mi>p</mi><mo>></mo><mn>0.05</mn></math>; adjusted for race and sex). However, the models detected significant time (T0 vs. T2) by race (White vs. non-White) interaction effect <math><mfenced><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>7,66</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0.81</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mi>p</mi><mo><</mo><mn>0.05</mn></mrow></mfenced></math>, with greater increase in food worry <math><mfenced><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>1,72</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>4.36</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mi>p</mi><mo><</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></mrow></mfenced></math> but less increase in screen time <math><mfenced><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>1,72</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>4.54</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mi>p</mi><mo><</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></mrow></mfenced></math> among the non-White group. Graphical visualization depicted some favorable change patterns in adolescents with normal weight (vs. those with OWOB) for certain behaviors and home factors (e.g., number of days per week ≥ 60 mins PA, food worry). These findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic exerted greater adverse effects on adolescents with OWOB and specifically on screen time and food worry among non-White adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481771/pdf/nihms-1918357.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10577729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.010303.boisestate
Johnson Mbabazi, Fiona MacGregor, Mona Salman, J. Breckon, E. Kunonga, B. Tolchard, L. Nnyanzi
Past research has identified that individuals from BAME communities face health inequalities and report poorer outcomes from numerous health interventions. This study will explore some of the reasons with a focus on the perceptions towards physical activity in the lifestyle prevention of diseases. It will also seek to elicit a range of facilitators and barriers towards improving physical activity lifestyle choices amongst UK BAME adults, including but not limited to those in the individual, structural, environmental and social domains. Furthermore, it will consider the role of ethnicity and culture in the forming of physical activity lifestyle choices. This study was conducted to explore the facilitators and inhibitors of making healthy physical activity lifestyle choices amongst UK BAME adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study will involve 2 phases: a systematic review and a qualitative study phase. The systematic review will be conducted using the PECO (Population, Exposure, Comparison, and Outcome) framework and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) strategy. The qualitative study will be a semi-structured online personal interview of a purposive sample of 12 UK BAME adults residing in Teesside, North East of England (UK). The findings obtained would be useful in designing culturally relevant interventions that seek to improve physical activity lifestyle choices for UK BAME adults and inform future policy guidelines in the UK.
{"title":"Exploring the Barriers and Facilitators to Making Healthy Physical Activity Lifestyle Choices Among UK BAME Adults \u0000 During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study Protocol","authors":"Johnson Mbabazi, Fiona MacGregor, Mona Salman, J. Breckon, E. Kunonga, B. Tolchard, L. Nnyanzi","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.010303.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.010303.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Past research has identified that individuals from BAME communities face health inequalities and report poorer \u0000 outcomes from numerous health interventions. This study will explore some of the reasons with a focus on the \u0000 perceptions towards physical activity in the lifestyle prevention of diseases. It will also seek to elicit a \u0000 range of facilitators and barriers towards improving physical activity lifestyle choices amongst UK BAME adults, \u0000 including but not limited to those in the individual, structural, environmental and social domains. Furthermore, \u0000 it will consider the role of ethnicity and culture in the forming of physical activity lifestyle choices. This \u0000 study was conducted to explore the facilitators and inhibitors of making healthy physical activity lifestyle \u0000 choices amongst UK BAME adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study will involve 2 phases: a systematic \u0000 review and a qualitative study phase. The systematic review will be conducted using the PECO (Population, \u0000 Exposure, Comparison, and Outcome) framework and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and \u0000 meta-analyses (PRISMA) strategy. The qualitative study will be a semi-structured online personal interview \u0000 of a purposive sample of 12 UK BAME adults residing in Teesside, North East of England (UK). The findings \u0000 obtained would be useful in designing culturally relevant interventions that seek to improve physical activity \u0000 lifestyle choices for UK BAME adults and inform future policy guidelines in the UK.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44076708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.010302.boisestate
Ken Murfay, A. Beighle, H. Erwin, Erin Aiello, Sarah Pyszczynski
Purpose/Method: This qualitative case study examined through an interpretive worldview how current high school (HS) physical education (PE) teachers (n=14) implemented online experiences that could have influenced students’ interpretations of their vicarious experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic (spring/fall of 2020). The study sought to better understand teachers’ perceptions of how social modeling of PA was implemented online, how online PA experiences impacted opportunities for social comparison among the students, and what teachers’ opinions of these practices were in relation to supporting students’ PA self-efficacy. Results: The results found that the study participants differed in their opinions on the most effective ways to provide students with PA demonstrations and implement students' PA experiences during online instruction. Many of the teachers relied more on online videos to demonstrate PA, resulting in a decrease in teachers personally modeling PA themselves (theme 1). Due to the stress of the pandemic on students’ well-being, teachers and their school districts prioritized students’ social and emotional health which influenced how teachers had students participate in PA online (theme 2). This resulted in fewer PA experiences with students participating in front of each other and none of the teachers requiring students to model PA for peers online. Conclusion: This study serves as a starting point to better understand how teachers implemented online instructional practices that could have influenced students’ interpretations of their vicarious experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic. The information collected in this study can be used by current PE teachers to design future online practices.
{"title":"Examining Physical Education Teaching Practices During the Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Ken Murfay, A. Beighle, H. Erwin, Erin Aiello, Sarah Pyszczynski","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.010302.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.010302.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose/Method: This qualitative case study examined through an interpretive worldview how current high school (HS) physical education \u0000 (PE) teachers (n=14) implemented online experiences that could have influenced students’ interpretations of their vicarious experiences \u0000 during the Covid-19 pandemic (spring/fall of 2020). The study sought to better understand teachers’ perceptions of how social modeling of \u0000 PA was implemented online, how online PA experiences impacted opportunities for social comparison among the students, and what teachers’ \u0000 opinions of these practices were in relation to supporting students’ PA self-efficacy. Results: The results found that the study \u0000 participants differed in their opinions on the most effective ways to provide students with PA demonstrations and implement students' \u0000 PA experiences during online instruction. Many of the teachers relied more on online videos to demonstrate PA, resulting in a decrease \u0000 in teachers personally modeling PA themselves (theme 1). Due to the stress of the pandemic on students’ well-being, teachers and their \u0000 school districts prioritized students’ social and emotional health which influenced how teachers had students participate in PA online \u0000 (theme 2). This resulted in fewer PA experiences with students participating in front of each other and none of the teachers requiring \u0000 students to model PA for peers online. Conclusion: This study serves as a starting point to better understand how teachers implemented \u0000 online instructional practices that could have influenced students’ interpretations of their vicarious experiences during the Covid-19 \u0000 pandemic. The information collected in this study can be used by current PE teachers to design future online practices.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46883422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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