Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.1.2.38.boisestate
Zeyuan Wang, Zhenliang Zhang, Haoxiang Sima
Under the background of the integration of sports and education, it is of great significance to deepening the training theory of college sports teams. This research puts forward the necessity of using the complexity paradigm to find a more suitable training theory for college sports teams. The training theory of our country is deeply influenced by the simplicity paradigm. The simplicity paradigm is based on reductionism, which believes that the research object comprises simple addition of single elements, showing a linear relationship. There are many general pieces of training in the training arrangement, the preparation period is too long, the special training is not deepened, and the actual training effect is poor. Lack of a composite coaching team, in addition to training and competition tasks, but also team building and management, too exhausted, no time to delve into training theory. When using traditional sports staging theory to make training arrangements, the student-athletes’ particularity should be taken into consideration. University sports teams are affected by the economy and school development, and the strengths of various sports teams are uneven. Universities with superior resources are in a leading position in major competitions, resulting in a significant gap in competition. The development of training theory should be based on the particularity of student-athlete status. The integration and in-depth development will improve the overall level of competition and enhance the driving force of innovative sports team training theory innovation.
{"title":"The Training Theory of Chinese University Sports Teams Based on the Complexity Paradigm","authors":"Zeyuan Wang, Zhenliang Zhang, Haoxiang Sima","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.1.2.38.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.1.2.38.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Under the background of the integration of sports and education, it is of great significance to deepening the training theory of college sports teams. This research puts forward the necessity of using the complexity paradigm to find a more suitable training theory for college sports teams. The training theory of our country is deeply influenced by the simplicity paradigm. The simplicity paradigm is based on reductionism, which believes that the research object comprises simple addition of single elements, showing a linear relationship. There are many general pieces of training in the training arrangement, the preparation period is too long, the special training is not deepened, and the actual training effect is poor. Lack of a composite coaching team, in addition to training and competition tasks, but also team building and management, too exhausted, no time to delve into training theory. When using traditional sports staging theory to make training arrangements, the student-athletes’ particularity should be taken into consideration. University sports teams are affected by the economy and school development, and the strengths of various sports teams are uneven. Universities with superior resources are in a leading position in major competitions, resulting in a significant gap in competition. The development of training theory should be based on the particularity of student-athlete status. The integration and in-depth development will improve the overall level of competition and enhance the driving force of innovative sports team training theory innovation.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67684165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.1.2.31.boisestate
Lu Chen, Xiaozan Wang, Meiyuan Chen, Xizhe Bai
Empirical studies indicate that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) benefited significantly from exercise interventions. Further investigation shows that strength training of non-dominant limbs improves children's athletic ability and cognitive development. This study tested the effectiveness of a strength training intervention on non-dominant limbs for primary school children with ADHD, evaluating its impacts on children’s motor skills. In this experiment, 15 children with ADHD aged 6-10 years were recruited, including 12 boys and 3 girls. All meet the diagnostic criteria of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) for ADHD. Randomly divided into age-matched experimental and control groups, children in the experimental group received intensive training intervention on non-dominant side limbs, and the control group had ADHD Children are not involved in the intervention. Before the experiment, the children and their parents were interviewed on the basic situation of ADHD children. Before and after the experiment, these children of both groups were tested on the TGMD basic motor skills development test and the SNAP-IV scale test, and the parents and children signed the informed consent. The results showed that (1) After the experiment, the experimental group had significantly better overall level of manipulative motor skills and fundamental movement skills than the control group; (2) For the results of SNAP-IV scale, the experimental group (the non-dominant side limb intensive training group) made significantly better progress than the control group (Again, you need to insert t statistics, degree of freedom along with p value here). At the same time, the attention deficit factor of the experimental group and the control group was significantly different before and after the experiment (p < 0.05). More details are needed on the pre- and post-change for both conditions. The results suggest that intensified training on non-dominant limbs can not only improve the motor skills of ADHD children, especially the control ability, but also improve the attention level compared with conventional exercise intervention. It is recommended that strengthening training of non-dominant limbs can be used as more effective exercise intervention for children with ADHD.
{"title":"An Exploratory Study of Strengthening Non-Dominant Side of Exercises on ADHD Children in Primary Schools","authors":"Lu Chen, Xiaozan Wang, Meiyuan Chen, Xizhe Bai","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.1.2.31.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.1.2.31.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Empirical studies indicate that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) benefited significantly from exercise interventions. Further investigation shows that strength training of non-dominant limbs improves children's athletic ability and cognitive development. This study tested the effectiveness of a strength training intervention on non-dominant limbs for primary school children with ADHD, evaluating its impacts on children’s motor skills. In this experiment, 15 children with ADHD aged 6-10 years were recruited, including 12 boys and 3 girls. All meet the diagnostic criteria of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) for ADHD. Randomly divided into age-matched experimental and control groups, children in the experimental group received intensive training intervention on non-dominant side limbs, and the control group had ADHD Children are not involved in the intervention. Before the experiment, the children and their parents were interviewed on the basic situation of ADHD children. Before and after the experiment, these children of both groups were tested on the TGMD basic motor skills development test and the SNAP-IV scale test, and the parents and children signed the informed consent. The results showed that (1) After the experiment, the experimental group had significantly better overall level of manipulative motor skills and fundamental movement skills than the control group; (2) For the results of SNAP-IV scale, the experimental group (the non-dominant side limb intensive training group) made significantly better progress than the control group (Again, you need to insert t statistics, degree of freedom along with p value here). At the same time, the attention deficit factor of the experimental group and the control group was significantly different before and after the experiment (p < 0.05). More details are needed on the pre- and post-change for both conditions. The results suggest that intensified training on non-dominant limbs can not only improve the motor skills of ADHD children, especially the control ability, but also improve the attention level compared with conventional exercise intervention. It is recommended that strengthening training of non-dominant limbs can be used as more effective exercise intervention for children with ADHD.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67684384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.1.2.14.boisestate
Yizhi Zhang, Xiaozan Wang, Mingming Guo
The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of after-school football training in improving the physical fitness of primary school students, so as to provide corresponding Suggestions for carrying out after-school football training in primary schools. A total of 72 students from the experimental primary school of Mouping district, Yantai city, Shandong province, participated in this experimental study, including 36 in the experimental group and 36 in the control group. The experiment was conducted for two semesters. During the experiment period, the experimental group conducted one-hour football training after school from Monday to Thursday afternoon every week, and two hours of football training on Saturday morning every week. The control group conducted sports teaching and extracurricular activities as usual without other intervention. Before and after the experiment, both the experimental group and the control group underwent physical fitness tests according to the physical fitness test standards of Chinese students, including lung capacity, 50-meter run, one-minute skipping rope, sitting forward flexor, and one-minute sit-ups. The test results were all converted to the 100-point system according to the scoring standards. Before the experiment, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in various physical fitness indicators (p > 0.05). After the experiment, the lung capacity score (T = 3.108, p < 0.05), the 50-meter run score (T = 6.593, p < 0.05), the skipping score (T = 9.227, p < 0.05), the sitting forward flexor score (T = 3.742, p < 0.05), and the sit-up score (T = 5.210, p < 0.05) of the experimental group were significantly higher than that of the control group. This study shows that the physical fitness of primary school students can be improved by football training in their spare time. It is suggested to carry out after-school football training activities in primary schools so as to effectively improve the physical fitness of pupils.
本研究的目的是检验课外足球训练对提高小学生体质的有效性，从而为在小学开展课外足球训练提供相应的建议。来自山东省烟台市牟平区实验小学的72名学生参加了本次实验研究，其中实验组36名，对照组36名。这个实验进行了两个学期。实验期间，实验组每周周一至周四下午放学后进行1小时足球训练，周六上午进行2小时足球训练。对照组正常进行体育教学和课外活动，无其他干预。实验前后，实验组和对照组均按照中国学生体质测试标准进行体能测试，包括肺活量、50米跑、1分钟跳绳、坐前屈肌、1分钟仰卧起坐。测试结果全部按照评分标准转换为100分制。实验前，实验组与对照组各项体质指标比较，差异均无统计学意义(p < 0.05)。实验结束后，实验组肺容量评分(T = 3.108, p < 0.05)、50米跑评分(T = 6.593, p < 0.05)、跳远评分(T = 9.227, p < 0.05)、坐前屈肌评分(T = 3.742, p < 0.05)、仰卧起坐评分(T = 5.210, p < 0.05)均显著高于对照组。本研究表明，小学生在课余时间进行足球训练可以提高体质。建议在小学开展课后足球训练活动，有效提高小学生的体质。
{"title":"Experimental Study on the Effectiveness of Extracurricular Football Training for Improving Primary Students Physical Fitness","authors":"Yizhi Zhang, Xiaozan Wang, Mingming Guo","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.1.2.14.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.1.2.14.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of after-school football training in improving the physical fitness of primary school students, so as to provide corresponding Suggestions for carrying out after-school football training in primary schools. A total of 72 students from the experimental primary school of Mouping district, Yantai city, Shandong province, participated in this experimental study, including 36 in the experimental group and 36 in the control group. The experiment was conducted for two semesters. During the experiment period, the experimental group conducted one-hour football training after school from Monday to Thursday afternoon every week, and two hours of football training on Saturday morning every week. The control group conducted sports teaching and extracurricular activities as usual without other intervention. Before and after the experiment, both the experimental group and the control group underwent physical fitness tests according to the physical fitness test standards of Chinese students, including lung capacity, 50-meter run, one-minute skipping rope, sitting forward flexor, and one-minute sit-ups. The test results were all converted to the 100-point system according to the scoring standards. Before the experiment, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in various physical fitness indicators (p > 0.05). After the experiment, the lung capacity score (T = 3.108, p < 0.05), the 50-meter run score (T = 6.593, p < 0.05), the skipping score (T = 9.227, p < 0.05), the sitting forward flexor score (T = 3.742, p < 0.05), and the sit-up score (T = 5.210, p < 0.05) of the experimental group were significantly higher than that of the control group. This study shows that the physical fitness of primary school students can be improved by football training in their spare time. It is suggested to carry out after-school football training activities in primary schools so as to effectively improve the physical fitness of pupils.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67683861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.1.2.12.boisestate
Song Du, Zhenliang Zhang
After being introduced into China, body functional training has been widely applied to the training of high-level athletes (Wang & Liu, 2014; Cui & Qiu, 2013). However, it is still in the exploratory stage in college teaching. In this research, body functional training was designed for the physical characteristics of ordinary college students, and the physical health status of students was monitored in order to understand the promoting effect of body functional training on college students' physical quality. It also provides theoretical and data support for the continuous improvement of body functional training courses. The research process was approved by the institutional review board of Zhengzhou University. Participants were 50 freshmen (non-physical education major, 17-19 years) enrolled into a college in central China. Among them, 25 students (13 female students and 12 male students) were selected as one group. The experimental group and the control group were given body functional training and normal physical exercise for 12 weeks (2 times a week, 1 hour each time), while the other physical activities of each group were the same. Physical fitness test and physical fitness item test were conducted before and after the experiment. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to conduct paired T-test on the data before and after the experiment, and independent sample T-test was conducted on the data before and after the experiment. In terms of physical health, there was no significant difference in body weight and forced vital capacity in the control group (P > 0.05), but significant change in body weight (P < 0.05) and significant increase in FVC (P < 0.01) were observed in the experimental group. From the perspective of physical fitness, the results of the control group showed an improvement trend but not reached a statistical significance (P > 0.05), while the flexibility of the experimental group showed a very significant change (P < 0.01), the strength of lower limbs and upper limbs increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the endurance improved significantly (P < 0.05). The differences between the experimental group and the control group were statistically significant. Body functional training can improve the physical fitness of college students and has a positive effect on improving their physical fitness. In addition, body functional training can be used as an effective training method in college physical education. However, due to the limited of time and ability, experiments were conducted for only 12 weeks, future researchers could make more detailed studies on this training method.
{"title":"Experimental Research of Body Functional Training on Promoting Physical Quality of College Students","authors":"Song Du, Zhenliang Zhang","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.1.2.12.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.1.2.12.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"After being introduced into China, body functional training has been widely applied to the training of high-level athletes (Wang & Liu, 2014; Cui & Qiu, 2013). However, it is still in the exploratory stage in college teaching. In this research, body functional training was designed for the physical characteristics of ordinary college students, and the physical health status of students was monitored in order to understand the promoting effect of body functional training on college students' physical quality. It also provides theoretical and data support for the continuous improvement of body functional training courses. The research process was approved by the institutional review board of Zhengzhou University. Participants were 50 freshmen (non-physical education major, 17-19 years) enrolled into a college in central China. Among them, 25 students (13 female students and 12 male students) were selected as one group. The experimental group and the control group were given body functional training and normal physical exercise for 12 weeks (2 times a week, 1 hour each time), while the other physical activities of each group were the same. Physical fitness test and physical fitness item test were conducted before and after the experiment. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to conduct paired T-test on the data before and after the experiment, and independent sample T-test was conducted on the data before and after the experiment. In terms of physical health, there was no significant difference in body weight and forced vital capacity in the control group (P > 0.05), but significant change in body weight (P < 0.05) and significant increase in FVC (P < 0.01) were observed in the experimental group. From the perspective of physical fitness, the results of the control group showed an improvement trend but not reached a statistical significance (P > 0.05), while the flexibility of the experimental group showed a very significant change (P < 0.01), the strength of lower limbs and upper limbs increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the endurance improved significantly (P < 0.05). The differences between the experimental group and the control group were statistically significant. Body functional training can improve the physical fitness of college students and has a positive effect on improving their physical fitness. In addition, body functional training can be used as an effective training method in college physical education. However, due to the limited of time and ability, experiments were conducted for only 12 weeks, future researchers could make more detailed studies on this training method.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67683502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.1.2.19.boisestate
Ping Gao, Ran Wei, Yuanlong Liu
Research showed that aerobic metabolism is one of the main energy supply for slalom athletes in training and competition (Jan Busta et al., 2018). To assist canoe slalom players improving their performance, it would be beneficial to examine the top canoe slalom athletes’ physical fitness status and their training protocols. By comparing the difference of the fitness status and training protocols, we may develop an optimal training protocol to improve the athletes’ physical fitness and their performance. In this study, the world top athletes and Chinese elite players’ fitness status was compared. The goal was to help Chinese players to reach the top level in world competitions. Fifteen elite canoe slalom players were recruited from the Chinese national team (age: 21 ± 2 years; 3 female and 12 male elite athletes). The fitness tests included bench push and bench pull for maximum strength (1RM) and endurance strength (40% 1RM for 120 seconds). 300-meter speed race in flat water was used as a comparison indicator of athlete's basic paddling speed ability, owing to the courses of slalom races differ. The physiology tests were VO2max, heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (BLA). All the data were collected during the winter training session in 2016. The HSIRB approved the data collection procedures. Descriptive statistics were calculated and analyzed using SPSS 25. The comparisons were made between Chinese elite athletes and world top athletes. For the VO2max/kg, the results showed that the Chinese elite canoe slalom female players (50.8 ± 2.19 ml/kg/min) fell 0.68 standard deviation (SD) lower than the world top level while males (56.03 ± 2.95ml/kg/min) fell 0.70SD lower. The maximum strength of bench push were 96 ± 4.1kg (female)and 125 ± 15.3kg (male). The bench pull were 81 ± 1.4kg (female) and 110 ± 5.8kg (male). The endurance strength repetition results of bench push were 91.3 ± 14.3 (female) and 80.8 ± 7.2 (male), the bench pull were 87 ± 6.7 (female) and 83.3 ± 7.6 (male). The result of 300-meter speed race in flat water showed that the Chinese male kayakers (100.1 ± 0.3s) was significantly slower than international male kayakers (88.1 ± 7.7s) (t = 1.56, p = 0.0594). Chinese male kayakers’ heart rate (170 ± 3 bpm, tested immediately) was slower and lactic acid level (15.4 ± 1.4 mmol/L, tested 3 minutes after) was higher, comparing with the world top kayakers. Chinese elite players’ aerobic metabolism, strength and speed statistically fell behind of world top players in canoe slalom. In order to be competitive at the world top level race (e.g., 202 Tokyo Olympics), the Chinese elite canoe slalom players may need to add more proportion of aerobic training, endurance strength and speed training.This study analyzed the performance of gender differences in value orientation of physical education teachers in junior and senior high schools. Researcher selected 16 middle school PE teachers(8 males and 8 females) in Chi
研究表明，有氧代谢是激流障碍运动员在训练和比赛中的主要能量供应之一(Jan Busta et al.， 2018)。为了帮助皮划艇激流运动员提高成绩，对我国优秀皮划艇激流运动员的体能状况和训练方案进行研究是有益的。通过比较运动员体能状况与训练方案的差异，我们可以制定出最优的训练方案，以提高运动员的体能和成绩。本研究对世界顶级运动员和中国优秀运动员的体能状况进行了比较。目标是帮助中国球员在世界比赛中达到最高水平。从中国国家队招募了15名优秀的皮划艇激流回旋运动员(年龄:21±2岁;3名女运动员和12名男运动员)。体能测试包括卧推和卧拉的最大力量(1RM)和耐力(40% 1RM 120秒)。由于激流回旋比赛的赛道不同，以平水300米速度赛作为运动员基本划水速度能力的比较指标。生理指标为最大摄氧量(VO2max)、心率(HR)和血乳酸(BLA)。所有数据均收集于2016年冬训期间。本数据收集程序已获本会批准。描述性统计数据采用SPSS 25进行计算和分析。将中国优秀运动员与世界顶尖运动员进行了比较。在VO2max/kg方面，我国优秀皮划艇激流女子运动员的VO2max/kg(50.8±2.19 ml/kg/min)比世界顶尖水平低0.68个标准差(SD)，男性运动员的VO2max/kg /min(56.03±2.95ml/kg/min)比世界顶尖水平低0.70个标准差(SD)。卧推的最大力量分别为96±4.1kg(女性)和125±15.3kg(男性)。卧拉力分别为81±1.4kg(女性)和110±5.8kg(男性)。卧推耐力力量重复得分分别为91.3±14.3(女性)和80.8±7.2(男性)，卧拉耐力力量重复得分分别为87±6.7(女性)和83.3±7.6(男性)。平水300米速赛结果显示，中国男子皮艇运动员(100.1±0.3s)明显慢于国际男子皮艇运动员(88.1±7.7s) (t = 1.56, p = 0.0594)。中国男子皮划艇运动员心率(170±3 bpm，立即检测)较慢，乳酸水平(15.4±1.4 mmol/L, 3分钟后检测)高于世界顶级皮划艇运动员。在皮划艇激流赛中，中国优秀选手的有氧代谢、力量和速度均落后于世界顶尖选手。为了在世界顶级赛事(如2020年东京奥运会)上具有竞争力，中国优秀的皮划艇激流回旋运动员可能需要增加有氧训练、耐力力量和速度训练的比例。本研究分析了初高中体育教师价值取向的性别差异表现。研究者在控制环境(对象均在一线城市工作)、学历(相同学历，毕业于同一所大学)、工作年限(3年)的前提下，选取了16名中国中学体育教师(男8女8)。采用价值取向量表和个人访谈法评估被试的价值取向。结果显示，女性教师对自我实现指数和社会责任指数的评价最高，而男性教师更倾向于将教学导向学科掌握和学习过程。采访数据进一步证实了这一说法。与女教师相比，男教师更男性化和权威导向，更有可能在技能习得和基于学生兴趣的体育发展方面占主导地位。而女教师更善于通过表扬、鼓励和耐心沟通的方式进行教学。系统分析男女学生在价值取向上的差异及造成差异的深层原因，是加强体育教学、培养体育人才的必要条件。
{"title":"Examining Physical Fitness and Training Strategies for Chinese Elite Canoe Slalom Players","authors":"Ping Gao, Ran Wei, Yuanlong Liu","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.1.2.19.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.1.2.19.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Research showed that aerobic metabolism is one of the main energy supply for slalom athletes in training and competition (Jan Busta et al., 2018). To assist canoe slalom players improving their performance, it would be beneficial to examine the top canoe slalom athletes’ physical fitness status and their training protocols. By comparing the difference of the fitness status and training protocols, we may develop an optimal training protocol to improve the athletes’ physical fitness and their performance. In this study, the world top athletes and Chinese elite players’ fitness status was compared. The goal was to help Chinese players to reach the top level in world competitions. Fifteen elite canoe slalom players were recruited from the Chinese national team (age: 21 ± 2 years; 3 female and 12 male elite athletes). The fitness tests included bench push and bench pull for maximum strength (1RM) and endurance strength (40% 1RM for 120 seconds). 300-meter speed race in flat water was used as a comparison indicator of athlete's basic paddling speed ability, owing to the courses of slalom races differ. The physiology tests were VO2max, heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (BLA). All the data were collected during the winter training session in 2016. The HSIRB approved the data collection procedures. Descriptive statistics were calculated and analyzed using SPSS 25. The comparisons were made between Chinese elite athletes and world top athletes. For the VO2max/kg, the results showed that the Chinese elite canoe slalom female players (50.8 ± 2.19 ml/kg/min) fell 0.68 standard deviation (SD) lower than the world top level while males (56.03 ± 2.95ml/kg/min) fell 0.70SD lower. The maximum strength of bench push were 96 ± 4.1kg (female)and 125 ± 15.3kg (male). The bench pull were 81 ± 1.4kg (female) and 110 ± 5.8kg (male). The endurance strength repetition results of bench push were 91.3 ± 14.3 (female) and 80.8 ± 7.2 (male), the bench pull were 87 ± 6.7 (female) and 83.3 ± 7.6 (male). The result of 300-meter speed race in flat water showed that the Chinese male kayakers (100.1 ± 0.3s) was significantly slower than international male kayakers (88.1 ± 7.7s) (t = 1.56, p = 0.0594). Chinese male kayakers’ heart rate (170 ± 3 bpm, tested immediately) was slower and lactic acid level (15.4 ± 1.4 mmol/L, tested 3 minutes after) was higher, comparing with the world top kayakers. Chinese elite players’ aerobic metabolism, strength and speed statistically fell behind of world top players in canoe slalom. In order to be competitive at the world top level race (e.g., 202 Tokyo Olympics), the Chinese elite canoe slalom players may need to add more proportion of aerobic training, endurance strength and speed training.This study analyzed the performance of gender differences in value orientation of physical education teachers in junior and senior high schools. Researcher selected 16 middle school PE teachers(8 males and 8 females) in Chi","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67683533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.1.2.24.boisestate
Rui Zhang, Yunjin Zou, Fanghong Yao
The purpose of this study was to examine the influencing factors for Chinese teenager health and possible future route according to the Healthy China 2030 Strategy. Using data from physical fitness test of Han nationality students aged 7-18 years in in 2014, we analyzed the influencing factors and the degree of physical health of Chinese teenagers. Combining dimensionality reduction, visualization and other unsupervised machine learning techniques, 6 physical fitness indicators, including vital capacity, standing long jump, 50-meter run, muscle strength, endurance and grip strength, were converted into 2 two components, accounting for 91% of the total variance. Applying multivariate logistic regression models, we revealed that physical factors were closely related to health, the increase in age and height were accompanied with the improvement in physical health. However, there was a negative correlation between physical education and physical health. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between adequate public health input and higher physical health, while the correlation between social economic level and physical health was weak. To improve teenager’s health, the government should actively carry out national policies and cooperate with a top-level design. The society may integrate resources to help teenagers to keep fit while the school implements policies to guarantee the sustainable development of physical health.
{"title":"Influencing Factors and Future Route of Chinese Teenagers’ Health Based on the Healthy China 2030 Strategy","authors":"Rui Zhang, Yunjin Zou, Fanghong Yao","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.1.2.24.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.1.2.24.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the influencing factors for Chinese teenager health and possible future route according to the Healthy China 2030 Strategy. Using data from physical fitness test of Han nationality students aged 7-18 years in in 2014, we analyzed the influencing factors and the degree of physical health of Chinese teenagers. Combining dimensionality reduction, visualization and other unsupervised machine learning techniques, 6 physical fitness indicators, including vital capacity, standing long jump, 50-meter run, muscle strength, endurance and grip strength, were converted into 2 two components, accounting for 91% of the total variance. Applying multivariate logistic regression models, we revealed that physical factors were closely related to health, the increase in age and height were accompanied with the improvement in physical health. However, there was a negative correlation between physical education and physical health. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between adequate public health input and higher physical health, while the correlation between social economic level and physical health was weak. To improve teenager’s health, the government should actively carry out national policies and cooperate with a top-level design. The society may integrate resources to help teenagers to keep fit while the school implements policies to guarantee the sustainable development of physical health.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67683704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.1.2.15.boisestate
Yuan Yuan, Jian Yang, Ming-Xia Wu
Mobile phone addiction has become a common phenomenon among college students, which seriously affects their physical and mental health. In this process, individuals with a strong sense of loneliness tend to seek social support and belonging in the virtual network, which leads to the occurrence of mobile phone addiction. At the same time, studies have begun to explore ways to reduce mobile phone addiction by improving physical activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of low-level college students' physical exercise on mobile phone addiction, and focuses on the mediating mechanism of loneliness. The mobile phone addiction scale, the physical activity level scale, and the loneliness scale were selected as the subjects. SPSS 23.0 was used to perform descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and bootstrap mediation effect test on the data. There were significant differences in gender dimensions between physical exercise, mobile phone addiction, and loneliness of low-level college students. Correlation analysis shows that there is a significant negative correlation between physical exercise and mobile phone addiction (r = -0.14, P < 0.01) and loneliness (r = -0.15, P < 0.01). Loneliness and mobile phone addiction (r = 0.29, P < 0.01) was significantly positively correlated. The test results of the mediating effect show that the 95% confidence interval of the indirect effect Bootstrap produced by loneliness does not contain a value of 0, indicating that loneliness has a significant mediating effect between the level of physical exercise and mobile phone addiction (standardized effect value = -0.58, Accounted for 29% of the total effect). The level of physical exercise of low-level college students is significantly negatively related to mobile phone addiction and loneliness, and loneliness is significantly positively related to mobile phone addiction. There is a mediating effect of loneliness between physical exercise and mobile phone addiction.
手机成瘾在大学生中已经成为一种普遍现象，严重影响了他们的身心健康。在这个过程中，具有强烈孤独感的个体倾向于在虚拟网络中寻求社会支持和归属感，从而导致手机成瘾的发生。与此同时，研究已经开始探索通过增加体育锻炼来减少手机成瘾的方法。本研究旨在探讨低水平体育锻炼对大学生手机成瘾的影响，并关注孤独感的中介机制。选取手机成瘾量表、体育活动水平量表和孤独感量表作为研究对象。采用SPSS 23.0软件对数据进行描述性统计、相关分析、多元回归分析和bootstrap中介效应检验。低层次大学生体育锻炼、手机成瘾、孤独感在性别维度上存在显著差异。相关分析显示，体育锻炼与手机成瘾(r = -0.14, P < 0.01)、孤独感(r = -0.15, P < 0.01)呈显著负相关。孤独感与手机成瘾呈显著正相关(r = 0.29, P < 0.01)。中介效应的检验结果显示，孤独感产生的间接效应Bootstrap的95%置信区间不包含0的值，说明孤独感在体育锻炼水平与手机成瘾之间具有显著的中介作用(标准化效应值= -0.58，占总效应的29%)。低水平大学生体育锻炼水平与手机成瘾、孤独感呈显著负相关，孤独感与手机成瘾呈显著正相关。孤独感在体育锻炼与手机成瘾之间存在中介作用。
{"title":"The Relationship Between Physical Exercise and Mobile Phone Addiction of College Students from Low Social Classes","authors":"Yuan Yuan, Jian Yang, Ming-Xia Wu","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.1.2.15.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.1.2.15.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile phone addiction has become a common phenomenon among college students, which seriously affects their physical and mental health. In this process, individuals with a strong sense of loneliness tend to seek social support and belonging in the virtual network, which leads to the occurrence of mobile phone addiction. At the same time, studies have begun to explore ways to reduce mobile phone addiction by improving physical activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of low-level college students' physical exercise on mobile phone addiction, and focuses on the mediating mechanism of loneliness. The mobile phone addiction scale, the physical activity level scale, and the loneliness scale were selected as the subjects. SPSS 23.0 was used to perform descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and bootstrap mediation effect test on the data. There were significant differences in gender dimensions between physical exercise, mobile phone addiction, and loneliness of low-level college students. Correlation analysis shows that there is a significant negative correlation between physical exercise and mobile phone addiction (r = -0.14, P < 0.01) and loneliness (r = -0.15, P < 0.01). Loneliness and mobile phone addiction (r = 0.29, P < 0.01) was significantly positively correlated. The test results of the mediating effect show that the 95% confidence interval of the indirect effect Bootstrap produced by loneliness does not contain a value of 0, indicating that loneliness has a significant mediating effect between the level of physical exercise and mobile phone addiction (standardized effect value = -0.58, Accounted for 29% of the total effect). The level of physical exercise of low-level college students is significantly negatively related to mobile phone addiction and loneliness, and loneliness is significantly positively related to mobile phone addiction. There is a mediating effect of loneliness between physical exercise and mobile phone addiction.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67683909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.1.2.30.boisestate
Baofu Wang, Yang Liu, Stacy Imagbe, Senlin Chen
The purpose of this study was to examine differences by gender and grade in middle school students’ physical activity and fitness (PAF) knowledge, physical activity, and sedentary behavior (SB). The study took place at one middle school located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Boys (n = 136) and girls (n = 166) in 6th (n = 129), 7th (n = 96) and 8th (n = 77) completed a PE Metrics written test to assess PAF knowledge. They (N = 312) also completed the validated Youth Activity Profile to report physical activity at school (PAS), physical activity at home (PAH), and SB. Two-way (gender by grade) multivariate analysis of variances (MANOVA) followed by Bonferroni post-hoc multiple comparison analysis were conducted. Box’s M test of covariance matrices showed no statistical violation (M = 37.78, F = .73, p > .05). The two-way MANOVA showed significant gender (Wilks’s λ = .94, F = 4.40, p < .01, 𝜂(2/p)= .06) and grade main effects (Wilks’s λ = .89, F = 4.20, p < .01, 𝜂(2/p) = .05) Subsequent tests of between subjects effect located the significant gender difference in PAS favoring boys (F = 9.3, p < .01, 𝜂(2/p) = .03). Boys and girls showed no significant difference on PAF knowledge, PAH, and SB. Significant grade differences were observed for PAS (F = 8.57, p < .01, 𝜂(2/p) =.06), PAH (F = 8.18, p < .01, 𝜂(2/p) =.05), and SB (F = 4.61, p = .01, 𝜂(2/p) = .03). Sixth grade students showed significantly higher levels of PAS and PAH than 7th and 8th grade students (p < .05 or < .01). Sixth grade students further showed significantly lower SB than 7th grade students (p < .05). This study found boys to be more physically active during school hours than girls, and students in lower grades to be more active than higher grade students. Future school-based interventions should take into account gender and grade-based differences.
摘要本研究旨在探讨中学生身体活动与健康(PAF)知识、身体活动与久坐行为(SB)的性别和年级差异。这项研究是在美国东南部的一所中学进行的。6年级(n = 129)、7年级(n = 96)和8年级(n = 77)的男孩(n = 136)和女孩(n = 166)完成了PE Metrics笔试，以评估PAF知识。他们(N = 312)还完成了经过验证的青少年活动概况，以报告学校体育活动(PAS)、家庭体育活动(PAH)和SB。进行了双向(按年级性别)多变量方差分析(MANOVA)和Bonferroni事后多重比较分析。协方差矩阵的Box’s M检验无统计学违反(M = 37.78, F = 0.73, p = 0.05)。双向方差分析显示显著的性别主效应(Wilks’s λ = .94, F = 4.40, p < 0.01，𝜂(2/p)= .06)和年级主效应(Wilks’s λ = .89, F = 4.20, p < 0.01，𝜂(2/p)= .05)。随后的被试间效应检验发现男孩偏好PAS存在显著的性别差异(F = 9.3, p < 0.01，𝜂(2/p)= .03)。男生和女生在PAF知识、PAH和SB方面差异无统计学意义。PAS (F = 8.57, p < 0.01，𝜂(2/p) = 0.06)、PAH (F = 8.18, p < 0.01，𝜂(2/p) = 0.05)和SB (F = 4.61, p = 0.01，𝜂(2/p) = 0.03)的年级差异有统计学意义。六年级学生PAS和PAH水平显著高于七年级和八年级学生(p < 0.05或< 0.01)。六年级学生进一步显著低于七年级学生(p < 0.05)。这项研究发现，男孩在上学时间比女孩更活跃，低年级学生比高年级学生更活跃。未来以学校为基础的干预措施应考虑到性别和年级差异。
{"title":"Gender and Grade Differences in Knowledge and Behaviors Related to Active Living for Adolescents","authors":"Baofu Wang, Yang Liu, Stacy Imagbe, Senlin Chen","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.1.2.30.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.1.2.30.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine differences by gender and grade in middle school students’ physical activity and fitness (PAF) knowledge, physical activity, and sedentary behavior (SB). The study took place at one middle school located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Boys (n = 136) and girls (n = 166) in 6th (n = 129), 7th (n = 96) and 8th (n = 77) completed a PE Metrics written test to assess PAF knowledge. They (N = 312) also completed the validated Youth Activity Profile to report physical activity at school (PAS), physical activity at home (PAH), and SB. Two-way (gender by grade) multivariate analysis of variances (MANOVA) followed by Bonferroni post-hoc multiple comparison analysis were conducted. Box’s M test of covariance matrices showed no statistical violation (M = 37.78, F = .73, p > .05). The two-way MANOVA showed significant gender (Wilks’s λ = .94, F = 4.40, p < .01, 𝜂(2/p)= .06) and grade main effects (Wilks’s λ = .89, F = 4.20, p < .01, 𝜂(2/p) = .05) Subsequent tests of between subjects effect located the significant gender difference in PAS favoring boys (F = 9.3, p < .01, 𝜂(2/p) = .03). Boys and girls showed no significant difference on PAF knowledge, PAH, and SB. Significant grade differences were observed for PAS (F = 8.57, p < .01, 𝜂(2/p) =.06), PAH (F = 8.18, p < .01, 𝜂(2/p) =.05), and SB (F = 4.61, p = .01, 𝜂(2/p) = .03). Sixth grade students showed significantly higher levels of PAS and PAH than 7th and 8th grade students (p < .05 or < .01). Sixth grade students further showed significantly lower SB than 7th grade students (p < .05). This study found boys to be more physically active during school hours than girls, and students in lower grades to be more active than higher grade students. Future school-based interventions should take into account gender and grade-based differences.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67684340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.1.2.45.boisestate
Xinyue Mao, Xiaozan Wang, Meiyuan Chen
This study aims to verify the attention improvement of ADHD children after sports game intervention, and provide a green and safe intervention path to help ADHD children improve their attention. 16 children with ADHD (experimental group: 10, control group: 5) were selected to carry out exercise game intervention for 24 weeks, 4 times a week, each intervention lasted about 60 minutes. D2 attention test was carried out twice in the experimental group and the control group respectively to observe the attention of children, and the results of attention change in ADHD children before and after the intervention were analyzed. Data were analyzed in SPSS23.0 by independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test. Before the experiment, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the scores of each dimension of attention test. After the experiment, the experimental group had significant differences in TN and CP dimensions, but did not have significant differences in other dimensions. Intervention of rich and interesting sports games can effectively improve the selective attention and concentration ability of ADHD children. Therefore, in order to develop the attention of children with ADHD, sports game environment can be created to carry out challenges of team cooperation.
{"title":"An Empirical Study on the Improvement of Attention by Exercise Game Intervention in Children with ADHD","authors":"Xinyue Mao, Xiaozan Wang, Meiyuan Chen","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.1.2.45.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.1.2.45.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to verify the attention improvement of ADHD children after sports game intervention, and provide a green and safe intervention path to help ADHD children improve their attention. 16 children with ADHD (experimental group: 10, control group: 5) were selected to carry out exercise game intervention for 24 weeks, 4 times a week, each intervention lasted about 60 minutes. D2 attention test was carried out twice in the experimental group and the control group respectively to observe the attention of children, and the results of attention change in ADHD children before and after the intervention were analyzed. Data were analyzed in SPSS23.0 by independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test. Before the experiment, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the scores of each dimension of attention test. After the experiment, the experimental group had significant differences in TN and CP dimensions, but did not have significant differences in other dimensions. Intervention of rich and interesting sports games can effectively improve the selective attention and concentration ability of ADHD children. Therefore, in order to develop the attention of children with ADHD, sports game environment can be created to carry out challenges of team cooperation.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67684370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18122/ijpah.1.2.5.boisestate
S. Dai, Le Wang, Jingfei Yan
Physical literacy, as embodied within physical education, has been vaunted as having increasing importance as a disposition for students of all abilities to establish lifelong adherence to physical activity. Physical education is a school curricular subject that supports the development of the skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary for participating in active and healthy lifestyle. Physical literacy has become a hot topic in the field of physical education in schools in recent years. With the promulgation of "the Development of Core literacy of Chinese Students", the cultivation of Core literacy of Discipline becomes an important direction of deepening curriculum reform in China. The core literacy of physical education and health disciplines plays an important role in promoting students' core literacy. In order to cultivate the core literacy of physical education, we should make good use of every physical education class and reform the traditional physical education teaching model. The Chinese Health Physical Education Curriculum Model has its unique teaching characteristics, and it has positive effects on all dimensions of the core literacy of physical education and health discipline. This study used the Chinese Health Physical Education Curriculum Model to explore how the teaching characteristics of the model are used in physical education and what evidence is currently available to validate this view. This study uses an explorative literature overview with an inductive approach, comparative analysis, and significant themes in published peer reviewed articles, with a focus on physical literacy and physical education, and mathematical statistics method are also used in this study. The results show that the Chinese Physical Education Curriculum Model has an indirect effect on athletic ability, healthy behavior, and sports morality. Through structured exercises and 10 minutes of physical fitness, students' physical activity participation was improved, students' physical and mental health was enhanced, and students' core literacy of physical education and health discipline was promoted. Through the research and discussion on sports ability, healthy behavior and sports morality, this study provides partial support for Chinese healthy physical education curriculum model in promoting the core literacy of physical education disciplines, and provides an important reference for further promoting the development of core literacy of physical education and health disciplines in China.
{"title":"Implementing the Core Literacy of Physical Education and Health Disciplines Through the Chinese Healthy Physical Education Curriculum Model","authors":"S. Dai, Le Wang, Jingfei Yan","doi":"10.18122/ijpah.1.2.5.boisestate","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah.1.2.5.boisestate","url":null,"abstract":"Physical literacy, as embodied within physical education, has been vaunted as having increasing importance as a disposition for students of all abilities to establish lifelong adherence to physical activity. Physical education is a school curricular subject that supports the development of the skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary for participating in active and healthy lifestyle. Physical literacy has become a hot topic in the field of physical education in schools in recent years. With the promulgation of \"the Development of Core literacy of Chinese Students\", the cultivation of Core literacy of Discipline becomes an important direction of deepening curriculum reform in China. The core literacy of physical education and health disciplines plays an important role in promoting students' core literacy. In order to cultivate the core literacy of physical education, we should make good use of every physical education class and reform the traditional physical education teaching model. The Chinese Health Physical Education Curriculum Model has its unique teaching characteristics, and it has positive effects on all dimensions of the core literacy of physical education and health discipline. This study used the Chinese Health Physical Education Curriculum Model to explore how the teaching characteristics of the model are used in physical education and what evidence is currently available to validate this view. This study uses an explorative literature overview with an inductive approach, comparative analysis, and significant themes in published peer reviewed articles, with a focus on physical literacy and physical education, and mathematical statistics method are also used in this study. The results show that the Chinese Physical Education Curriculum Model has an indirect effect on athletic ability, healthy behavior, and sports morality. Through structured exercises and 10 minutes of physical fitness, students' physical activity participation was improved, students' physical and mental health was enhanced, and students' core literacy of physical education and health discipline was promoted. Through the research and discussion on sports ability, healthy behavior and sports morality, this study provides partial support for Chinese healthy physical education curriculum model in promoting the core literacy of physical education disciplines, and provides an important reference for further promoting the development of core literacy of physical education and health disciplines in China.","PeriodicalId":73469,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physical activity and health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67684422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：