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Healthy Food Voucher Programs: Global Evidence on Structure, Implementation, and Nutrition-Related Outcomes 健康食品券计划:结构、实施和营养相关结果的全球证据。
IF 9.2 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100530
Jonathan Lara-Arevalo , Camila Corvalan , Isabel Pemjean , Daniela Montes de Oca , Shu Wen Ng , Lindsey Smith Taillie
Healthy food voucher programs (HFVPs) provide lower-income participants with benefits to purchase healthy, nutrient-dense foods and are a promising strategy for improving dietary and nutritional outcomes. HFVPs can complement policies aimed at reducing unhealthy food consumption, contributing to improved food security, dietary outcomes, and reducing nutritional disparities. Understanding the structural factors that make these programs acceptable and effective in improving dietary patterns is essential for designing impactful HFVPs. However, updated evidence on these components is limited. This narrative review focuses on incentive programs that provide voucher benefits for healthy foods, synthesizing global evidence on program structure components (i.e., participant eligibility and enrollment, benefit delivery and timing, eligible products, benefit value, program duration, retail venues, and inclusion of nutrition education) that may influence program impact. It also summarizes diet and nutrition-related outcomes by country’s income level, when possible. Key determinants of program acceptability included positive interactions with program and retail staff, available multilingual information, electronic benefits over physical ones, a variety of eligible healthy foods, and including local markets as participating venues. Additionally, offering remote enrollment options, using mail delivery or electronic benefits to avoid transportation costs, adjusting benefits for inflation and household size, allowing redemption in various retail venues, and coupling benefits with engaging nutrition education activities were factors influencing program effectiveness. Most evidence indicates that HFVPs increase the purchase and consumption of healthy foods, improve food security, and enhance nutrition knowledge. However, mixed results were found regarding diet quality indicators, physical health outcomes, and mental health. Factors such as insufficient benefit size, inflation, and rising food prices, as well as short intervention lengths, contributed to null results. Our findings underscore the potential of HFVPs to improve diets and reduce nutritional disparities; however, addressing identified barriers during program design and implementation is essential to ensure that these programs achieve their goals.
健康食品券计划(HFVPs)为低收入参与者提供购买健康、营养丰富的食品的福利,是改善饮食和营养状况的一种有前景的策略。hfvp可以补充旨在减少不健康食品消费的政策,有助于改善粮食安全、饮食结果和减少营养差距。了解使这些计划在改善饮食模式方面可接受和有效的结构性因素对于设计有效的hfvp至关重要。然而,关于这些成分的最新证据有限。这篇叙述性综述的重点是为健康食品提供代金券福利的激励计划,综合了可能影响计划效果的计划结构组成部分(即参与者资格和登记、福利交付和时间、合格产品、福利价值、计划持续时间、零售场所和营养教育)的全球证据。它还尽可能按国家收入水平总结饮食和营养相关结果。项目可接受性的关键决定因素包括与项目和零售人员的积极互动、可获得的多语言信息、电子产品优于实体产品、各种合格的健康食品,以及将当地市场作为参与场所。此外,提供远程登记选项、使用邮寄或电子福利以避免运输成本、根据通货膨胀和家庭规模调整福利、允许在各种零售场所兑换,以及将福利与参与营养教育活动相结合,都是影响计划有效性的因素。大多数证据表明,hfvp增加了健康食品的购买和消费,改善了粮食安全,并增强了营养知识。然而,在饮食质量指标、身体健康结果和心理健康方面,发现了不同的结果。补贴规模不足、通货膨胀和食品价格上涨以及干预时间短等因素导致了无效结果。我们的研究结果强调了hfvp在改善饮食和减少营养差异方面的潜力;然而,解决方案设计和实施过程中已确定的障碍对于确保这些方案实现其目标至关重要。意义声明:本综述对健康食品券计划的全球证据进行了全面综合,强调了影响其在不同人群中的可接受性和有效性的结构成分。通过强调量身定制的方案设计的重要性和审查影响成功的关键因素,它为未来的政策制定和评估提供了宝贵的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Ingestive Behavior and Precision Nutrition: Part of the Puzzle 摄食行为和精确营养:谜题的一部分。
IF 9.2 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100531
Annabel Biruete , Pius Sarfo Buobu , Robert V Considine , Erisa Met Hoxha , Heather A Eicher-Miller , Kimberly P Kinzig , Anita A Panjwani , Cordelia A Running , Giorgia Rutigliani , Dennis A Savaiano , Amanda Veile , Patricia G Wolf , Richard D Mattes
The marked individual variability in response to common dietary exposures necessitates tailoring of dietary guidance to individuals, or small groups of individuals with similar needs, to optimize health. This is a complex task requiring integration of environmental, cultural, psychological, and biological contributions. Work in the area of precision nutrition is an effort to translate science into practice. A research roadmap developed through a National Institutes of Health conference identified many of the inputs that require quantification. Better characterization of ingestive behaviors is one key area. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize current understanding of the influences of age, sex, body mass index, ethnicity, and genetics on ingestive behaviors, including culture, sensory function, appetite, dietary intake, the gut–brain axis, and microbiome. To do so, the extant literature was accessed through search engines relevant to the various topics covered. Outcomes assessed varied topically. In addition to compiling evidence on the nature and magnitude of these relationships, this review highlights the degree of individual variability in attributes or responses to an intervention. More broadly, it documents: 1) that cause-and-effect relationships are difficult to establish as most are dynamic and interactive; 2) there are inherent and learned contributions to both behavior and biology that will require different considerations and offer different opportunities for manipulation; 3) a focus on intuitive approaches may not be as successful as desired; 4) that external influences can, and often do, override internal influences of biology; and 5) there are multiple ways to construct healthful diets. At the same time, it is vital that improved methods to characterize the multiple relevant inputs to ingestive behavior be developed. It is hoped that the evidence compiled here will inform efforts to develop precision nutrition guidance.
由于常见饮食暴露的显著个体差异,需要针对个人或具有类似需求的小群体量身定制饮食指导,以优化健康。这是一项复杂的任务,需要综合考虑环境、文化、心理和生物方面的贡献。精准营养领域的工作是将科学转化为实践的努力。通过美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)会议制定的研究路线图确定了许多需要量化的投入。更好地描述摄食行为是一个关键领域。这篇叙述性综述的目的是总结目前对年龄、性别、体重指数(BMI)、种族和遗传对摄入行为的影响的理解,包括文化、感觉功能、食欲、饮食摄入、肠脑轴和微生物组。为此,通过与所涵盖的各种主题相关的搜索引擎访问现有文献。评估的结果因地区而异。除了收集有关这些关系的性质和程度的证据外,本综述还强调了对干预的属性或反应的个体差异程度。更广泛地说,它:a)很难建立因果关系的文件,因为大多数文件是动态和互动的;B)行为和生物学都有固有的和后天的贡献,需要不同的考虑,并提供不同的操纵机会;C)专注于直观的方法可能不会像期望的那样成功;D)外部影响可以,而且经常会超越生物学的内部影响;e)有多种方法来构建健康的饮食。同时,至关重要的是,改进的方法来表征多个相关输入的摄食行为的发展。希望这里收集的证据将为制定精确营养指导的努力提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
Nutritional Challenges of Incretin-Based Obesity Management Medications: Implications for Clinical Practice 以肠促胰岛素为基础的肥胖管理药物的营养挑战:对临床实践的影响。
IF 9.2 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100522
Tair Ben-Porat , Shiri Sherf-Dagan , Marilou Côté , Cherie Josephine Miner , Assaf Buch
Several novel incretin-based obesity management medications (OMMs) have recently been approved for chronic weight management in adults with obesity or overweight. These agents have demonstrated substantial weight reduction effects alongside glucoregulatory and cardioprotective benefits. However, the use of incretin-based OMMs presents nutritional challenges that remain insufficiently addressed. These include side effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances and loss of lean body mass, which may compromise nutritional status, reduce energy expenditure, and heighten risk of rebound weight gain, sarcopenia, and frailty. Moreover, although these medications effectively suppress energy intake and reduce food quantity, they may also have unintended effects on diet quality, potentially influencing macronutrient distribution, ultraprocessed food consumption, risk of vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and disordered eating behaviors, which could undermine long-term weight maintenance and the cardiometabolic benefits achieved through these pharmacotherapy agents. Emerging evidence suggests that specific dietary and behavioral strategies, such as higher protein intake, resistance training, nutrient-dense eating patterns, and fostering adaptive eating behaviors, may help mitigate nutritional challenges and physiologic deterioration during significant weight reduction while also supporting cardiometabolic health maintenance. However, the application of these strategies as adjunct treatments alongside the new OMMs remains unclear. This narrative review summarizes the current literature on these issues and proposes dietary interventions and behavioral modification strategies aimed at mitigating the adverse effects that can be associated with incretin-based OMMs. These considerations are increasingly important given the expanding use of these medications, the degree of weight reduction they induce, and the implications for specific at-risk groups, including aging populations prone to muscle and functional decline and individuals with pre-existing conditions of nutritional deficiencies, chronic diseases, and disordered eating patterns.
最近,一些新的基于肠促胰岛素的肥胖管理药物(OMMs)被批准用于肥胖或超重成人的慢性体重管理。这些药物已经证明了大量的减肥效果,以及血糖调节和心脏保护的好处。然而,使用基于肠促胰岛素的OMMs带来的营养挑战仍然没有得到充分解决。这些副作用包括胃肠道(GI)紊乱和瘦体重(LBM)下降,这可能会损害营养状况,减少能量消耗,并增加反弹体重增加、肌肉减少和虚弱的风险。此外,虽然这些药物有效地抑制能量摄入和减少食物量,但它们也可能对饮食质量产生意想不到的影响,可能影响宏量营养素的分布、超加工食品的消费、维生素和矿物质缺乏的风险以及饮食行为紊乱,这可能会破坏这些药物治疗药物实现的长期体重维持和心脏代谢益处。新出现的证据表明,特定的饮食和行为策略,如高蛋白质摄入、抗阻训练、营养密集的饮食模式和培养适应性饮食行为,可能有助于减轻显著减肥期间的营养挑战和生理恶化,同时也支持心脏代谢健康的维持。然而,这些策略作为辅助治疗与新的OMMs的应用仍不清楚。本文总结了目前关于这些问题的文献,并提出了饮食干预和行为改变策略,旨在减轻与基于肠促胰岛素的OMMs相关的不良反应。考虑到这些药物的广泛使用,它们引起的体重减轻程度,以及对特定风险群体的影响,这些考虑变得越来越重要,这些风险群体包括容易出现肌肉和功能衰退的老年人,先前患有营养缺乏、慢性疾病和饮食模式紊乱的个体。
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引用次数: 0
Gut Microbiota and Nutrition in Nursing Homes: Challenges and Translational Approaches for Healthy Aging 肠道微生物群和营养在养老院:挑战和转化方法的健康老龄化。
IF 9.2 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100520
Cristina Jiménez-Arroyo, Natalia Molinero, M Victoria Moreno-Arribas
The growing aging population is leading to an increase in demand for long-term care. This is particularly true in nursing homes, where residents are exposed to various challenges such as immunosenescence, frailty, multimorbidity, and dietary and environmental constraints. These interrelated factors contribute to gut microbiota alterations, underscoring the need for tailored strategies to preserve health and resilience in a long-term care setting. Despite its recognized relevance in healthy aging, the gut microbiome of institutionalized elderly remains markedly understudied. This review provides a comprehensive report of the current evidence on the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and aging among nursing-home residents. The available literature suggests that both aging and institutional living contribute to a less favorable microbiome profile, and several contributing factors, many of them dietary, have been identified. Altered gastrointestinal physiology, malnutrition, and other common conditions in residential care, such as functional or cognitive impairments, frequently lead to changes in food intake that affect the gut ecosystem. Decline in immune system, increased infection risk, sarcopenia, cognitive deterioration, and high medication burden have also been linked to microbiota disruptions in this population. Importantly, adjusting several modifiable features of institutional care, particularly those related to diet and lifestyle, may help counteract these effects by supporting gut health. We further examine how appropriate nutritional strategies can positively influence gut microbiota composition and function, offering a pathway to promote resilience and functionality even in the presence of geriatric syndromes. In addition to identifying these challenges, this review outlines feasible, microbiota-informed strategies to improve quality of life and health outcomes. These include individualized dietary adaptations, targeted supplementation, physical activity interventions, and the integration of digital and artificial intelligence tools to support personalized nutrition. Finally, we highlight the need for standardized protocols and implementation science frameworks to enhance clinical translation, thereby advancing an integrative and as yet underrepresented perspective on microbiota-based strategies to promote healthier aging trajectories in institutionalized elderly.
日益增长的老龄化人口增加了对长期护理的需求,特别是在养老院,那里的居民面临着一系列挑战,如免疫衰老、虚弱、多种疾病以及饮食和环境限制。这些相互关联的因素有助于肠道微生物群的改变,强调需要制定量身定制的策略,以在长期护理环境中保持健康和适应能力。尽管肠道微生物组与健康老龄化的相关性得到了公认,但对制度化老年人的肠道微生物组的研究仍显着不足。这篇综述提供了一个全面的综合目前的证据之间的相互作用的饮食,肠道微生物群,和老化在养老院的居民。现有文献表明,衰老本身和机构生活都导致了不太有利的微生物群特征。已经确定了几个影响因素,其中许多是饮食因素。胃肠生理机能改变、营养不良以及住院护理中的常见情况,如功能或认知障碍,往往会导致食物摄入的变化,从而影响肠道生态系统。此外,免疫系统下降、感染风险增加、肌肉减少、认知退化和高药物负担也与这一人群的微生物群破坏有关。重要的是,机构护理的一些可改变的特征——特别是与饮食和生活方式有关的特征——可能有助于通过支持肠道健康来抵消这些影响。我们进一步研究了适当的营养策略如何积极影响肠道微生物群的组成和功能,提供了一种促进恢复力和功能的途径,即使在老年综合征存在的情况下。除了确定这些挑战之外,该综述还概述了可行的、了解微生物群的策略,以改善生活质量和健康结果。这些措施包括个性化饮食调整、有针对性的补充、身体活动干预,以及整合数字和人工智能工具以支持个性化营养。最后,我们强调需要标准化的协议和实施科学框架,以加强临床翻译-推进基于微生物群的综合视角,以促进制度化老年人更健康的衰老轨迹。意义声明:这篇综述是第一个全面整合老年人机构背景下饮食-微生物群相互作用的综述,综合了老年学、营养学和微生物学证据,同时提出了可行的、多模式的策略来增强弹性和支持养老院环境中的健康老龄化。
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引用次数: 0
Universal Subconstructs of a Healthy Diet for Children and Adolescents: A Critical Review 儿童和青少年健康饮食的普遍亚构:一个重要的回顾。
IF 9.2 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100511
Teresa R Schwendler , Edward A Frongillo , Hope C Craig , Giles T Hanley-Cook , Isabela Fleury Sattamini , Chika Hayashi , Vrinda Mehra , Alissa M Pries , Kuntal Saha , Jennifer C Coates
To monitor diets among children and adolescents, a thorough understanding of the underlying subconstructs of a healthy diet is needed to inform what should be measured. The aim of this study was to identify universal subconstructs of a healthy diet for children and adolescents aged 2–19 y, understand alignment with subconstructs for adults, and inform recommendations for metrics that aim to monitor the healthiness of diets among children and adolescents at global and national levels. A critical narrative review was carried out in 3 phases. Phase 1: A systematic review of literature published between 2014 and 2024 was conducted. A subset of articles (n = 100) was purposefully sampled based on predefined characteristics. Then, content analysis was performed to identify subconstructs of healthy diets. Phase 2: The identified dietary subconstructs were compared with the 6 subconstructs for adults recognized by the Healthy Diets Monitoring Initiative (HDMI). Phase 3: The identified subconstructs were compared with existing healthy diet metrics concurrently identified by HDMI as suitable for global monitoring of child and adolescent diets. Eight subconstructs specific to children and adolescents were identified: nutrient, energy, and food group requirements; foods and nutrients to limit or avoid; food group diversity and variety; macronutrient and energy balance; nutrient-rich foods or food groups; food safety; eating frequency; and eating regularity. Compared with the 6 subconstructs of adult healthy diets identified by HDMI, 2 subconstructs differed in their operationalization and 2 child- and adolescent-specific subconstructs were considered to be not conceptually distinct. Diet metrics identified as suitable for global monitoring of child and adolescent diets reflect nutrient, energy, and food group requirements; foods and nutrients to limit or avoid; and food group diversity and variety but no other diet subconstructs. The findings inform the development and validation of healthy diet metrics for children and adolescents.
背景:为了监测儿童和青少年的饮食,需要全面了解健康饮食的潜在亚结构,以告知应该测量什么。目的:确定2-19岁儿童和青少年健康饮食的普遍亚构,了解与成人亚构的一致性,并为旨在监测全球和国家层面儿童和青少年饮食健康的指标提供建议。方法:分三个阶段进行批判性叙事回顾。第一阶段:对2014年至2024年间发表的文献进行系统回顾。文章的一个子集(n=100)基于预定义的特征有目的地采样。然后,内容分析用于确定健康饮食的亚结构。第二阶段:将确定的饮食亚结构与健康饮食监测倡议(HDMI)认可的成人饮食亚结构进行比较。第3阶段:将确定的亚结构与HDMI同时确定的适用于全球儿童和青少年饮食监测的现有健康饮食指标进行比较。结果:确定了儿童和青少年特有的8个亚结构:营养、能量和食物组需求;要限制或避免的食物和营养;食物群体的多样性和多样性;常量营养素和能量平衡;营养丰富的食物或食物组;食品安全;饮食频率;还有饮食规律。与HDMI确定的成人健康饮食的六个亚构相比,两个亚构在操作上存在差异,两个儿童和青少年特异性亚构被认为在概念上没有区别。确定的适用于全球监测儿童和青少年饮食的饮食指标反映了营养、能量和食物组的需求;要限制或避免的食物和营养;食物群体的多样性和多样性,但没有其他饮食结构。结论:研究结果为儿童和青少年健康饮食指标的制定和验证提供了信息。
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引用次数: 0
Folate 叶酸。
IF 9.2 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100519
Zoe Lofft , Timothy J Green , Angela M Devlin
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引用次数: 0
Nutritional Factors and Arrhythmic Risk in Long QT Syndrome: A Narrative Review of Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence 营养因素与长QT综合征的心律失常风险:机制和临床证据的叙述性回顾。
IF 9.2 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100525
Andrea Mazzanti , Matteo Floriano , Deni Kukavica , Alessandro Trancuccio , Silvia G Priori
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an umbrella term for a group of genetic cardiac channelopathies characterized by prolonged ventricular repolarization and increased risk of life-threatening arrhythmias. Although β-blockers and lifestyle modifications remain central to management, specific dietary components may influence repolarization and arrhythmic risk, particularly in genetically predisposed individuals. This review summarizes mechanistic and clinical evidence on the electrophysiological effects of selected nutrients, food constituents, and supplements—including grapefruit juice, licorice, over-the-counter products, and energy drinks. Gene–nutrient interactions and their impact on ion channel function, drug metabolism, and electrolyte balance are discussed. The second part of the review outlines genotype-specific considerations, such as potassium supplementation and dietary guidance for rare forms of LQTS, including Andersen-Tawil and Timothy syndromes. Clinical data are presented in tabular format to facilitate interpretation. By integrating mechanistic and clinical data, the review aims to support dietary counseling and inform clinical decision making in the management of LQTS.
长QT综合征(LQTS)是一组遗传性心脏通道病变的总称,其特征是心室复极延长和危及生命的心律失常风险增加。虽然-受体阻滞剂和生活方式的改变仍然是治疗的核心,但特定的饮食成分可能会影响复极和心律失常风险,特别是在遗传易感个体中。这篇综述总结了选定的营养素、食品成分和补充剂(包括葡萄柚汁、甘草、非处方产品和能量饮料)的电生理作用的机理和临床证据。讨论了基因-营养相互作用及其对离子通道功能、药物代谢和电解质平衡的影响。第二部分概述了基因型特异性考虑因素,如钾补充和罕见LQTS的饮食指导,包括Andersen-Tawil综合征和Timothy综合征。临床数据以表格形式呈现,以方便解释。通过整合机制和临床数据,本综述旨在为LQTS管理的饮食咨询和临床决策提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
Plant-Based Diets and Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 植物性饮食和认知结果:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 9.2 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100537
Catherine Bigras , Riccardo Mazzoli , Danielle Laurin , Marcella Malavolti , Giulia Barbolini , Marco Vinceti , Jean-Philippe Drouin-Chartier , Tommaso Filippini
Although plant-rich dietary patterns like the Mediterranean and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diets have been linked to cognitive benefits, the role of predominantly plant-based diets is less understood. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the association between plant-based diets and cognitive outcomes. A literature search was conducted in Medline and Embase using keywords related to plant-based diets (e.g., “vegetarian diet”) and cognitive outcomes (e.g., “dementia”). Studies of any design were eligible. Reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were conducted on prospective studies that examined the same dietary exposure and cognitive outcome, using fixed-effects regression models. Twenty-two studies were included, with considerable variability in methodologies and outcomes. Plant-based diets were defined either categorically (e.g., vegetarian compared with nonvegetarian), or using indices of adherence, such as the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), with higher scores reflecting higher adherence. Two meta-analyses, each based on 2 high-quality prospective cohort studies, examined associations between plant-based diet indices and cognitive outcomes. For cognitive impairment, pooled odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for highest compared with lowest quartiles were 0.61 (0.55, 0.68; I2 = 97.1%) for plant-based diet index (PDI) and 0.68 (0.62, 0.75; I2 = 84.3%) for hPDI. For dementia, pooled hazard ratios were 1.03 (0.91, 1.17; I2 = 0%) for PDI, 0.85 (0.75, 0.97; I2 = 0%) for hPDI, and 1.17 (1.03, 1.33; I2 = 60.3%) for unhealthful PDI. These findings suggest that dietary patterns emphasizing healthful plant-based foods and limiting less healthful plant foods and animal products are associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment and risk of dementia. However, findings across individual studies were inconsistent, highlighting the need for further high-quality research.
This review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022380055.
虽然像地中海饮食和MIND饮食这样富含植物的饮食模式与认知益处有关,但主要以植物为基础的饮食的作用却鲜为人知。本系统综述旨在评估植物性饮食与认知结果之间的关系。方法:在Medline和Embase中使用与植物性饮食相关的关键词进行文献检索。“素食”)和认知结果(例如:“痴呆”)。任何设计的研究都是合格的。审稿人独立筛选研究,提取数据,并使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估质量。使用固定效应回归模型对前瞻性研究进行了荟萃分析,这些研究检查了相同的饮食暴露和认知结果。结果:纳入了22项研究,在方法和结果上有相当大的差异。植物性饮食要么被分类定义(例如,素食者与非素食者),要么使用坚持指标,如健康植物性饮食指数(hPDI),得分越高,坚持程度越高。两项荟萃分析均基于两项高质量的前瞻性队列研究,研究了植物性饮食指数与认知结果之间的关系。对于认知障碍,PDI最高四分位数与最低四分位数的合并or (95% CI)为0.61 (0.55,0.68;I2=97.1%), hPDI为0.68 (0.62,0.75;I2=84.3%)。对于痴呆症,PDI的合并hr为1.03 (0.91,1.17;I2=0%), hPDI的合并hr为0.85 (0.75,0.97;I2=0%),不健康PDI (uPDI)的合并hr为1.17 (1.03,1.33;I2=60.3%)。结论:这些发现表明,强调健康的植物性食物和限制不健康的植物性食物和动物产品的饮食模式与认知障碍和痴呆风险较低相关。然而,个别研究的结果不一致,强调需要进一步的高质量研究。
{"title":"Plant-Based Diets and Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Catherine Bigras ,&nbsp;Riccardo Mazzoli ,&nbsp;Danielle Laurin ,&nbsp;Marcella Malavolti ,&nbsp;Giulia Barbolini ,&nbsp;Marco Vinceti ,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Drouin-Chartier ,&nbsp;Tommaso Filippini","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although plant-rich dietary patterns like the Mediterranean and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diets have been linked to cognitive benefits, the role of predominantly plant-based diets is less understood. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the association between plant-based diets and cognitive outcomes. A literature search was conducted in Medline and Embase using keywords related to plant-based diets (e.g., “vegetarian diet”) and cognitive outcomes (e.g., “dementia”). Studies of any design were eligible. Reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were conducted on prospective studies that examined the same dietary exposure and cognitive outcome, using fixed-effects regression models. Twenty-two studies were included, with considerable variability in methodologies and outcomes. Plant-based diets were defined either categorically (e.g., vegetarian compared with nonvegetarian), or using indices of adherence, such as the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), with higher scores reflecting higher adherence. Two meta-analyses, each based on 2 high-quality prospective cohort studies, examined associations between plant-based diet indices and cognitive outcomes. For cognitive impairment, pooled odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for highest compared with lowest quartiles were 0.61 (0.55, 0.68; <em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 97.1%) for plant-based diet index (PDI) and 0.68 (0.62, 0.75; <em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 84.3%) for hPDI. For dementia, pooled hazard ratios were 1.03 (0.91, 1.17; <em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 0%) for PDI, 0.85 (0.75, 0.97; <em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 0%) for hPDI, and 1.17 (1.03, 1.33; <em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 60.3%) for unhealthful PDI. These findings suggest that dietary patterns emphasizing healthful plant-based foods and limiting less healthful plant foods and animal products are associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment and risk of dementia. However, findings across individual studies were inconsistent, highlighting the need for further high-quality research.</div><div>This review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022380055.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 100537"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reference Values for Minerals in Human Milk: the Mothers, Infants and Lactation Quality (MILQ) Study 母乳中矿物质的参考值:母亲、婴儿和哺乳质量(MILQ)研究。
IF 9.2 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100431
Lindsay H Allen , M Munirul Islam , Gilberto Kac , Kim F Michaelsen , Sophie E Moore , Maria Andersson , Janet M Peerson , Andrew M Doel , Daphna K Dror , Setareh Shahab-Ferdows , Daniela de Barros Mucci , Gabriela Torres Silva , Daniela Hampel
This fifth article in the series presenting reference values for nutrients in human milk describes minerals. The Mothers, Infants and Lactation Quality (MILQ) and Early-MILQ studies collected human milk samples throughout the first 8.5 mo of lactation in 1242 well-nourished women in Bangladesh, Brazil, Denmark, and The Gambia. All minerals were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Although pooled MILQ medians from 1 to 6 mo are within ∼10% of the concentration used by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) for magnesium, potassium, calcium, and copper, they are ∼50% of the IOM value for zinc and selenium, and ∼75% of the IOM value for sodium and iron. For zinc, sodium, and iron, the discrepancy can be explained by the IOM’s use of values from early lactation (<3 mo) when the milk nutrient concentrations are higher; in contrast, for potassium the IOM benchmark concentration is consistent with later lactation (6 mo) in MILQ. Pooled median MILQ phosphorus from 1 to 6 mo is 120% of the concentration selected by the IOM. Milk iodine concentrations in MILQ varied among sites, reflecting the differing national policies for salt iodization. Total daily median mineral intakes from 1 to 6 mo were 49%–55% of IOM adequate intakes (AIs) for zinc and selenium, 74%–90% of AIs for sodium, iron, and magnesium, and 110%–125% of AIs for copper, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus. For zinc, sodium, iron, and potassium, differences can be explained by the reference time frame during lactation. The MILQ study mineral concentrations are provided as percentile curves to enable comparison and interpretation. Importantly, the MILQ data show marked changes in milk mineral concentrations during the first 6 mo of lactation, an observation often missed because of the absence of data representing a spectrum of time postpartum in previously published data.
本系列的第五篇文章介绍了母乳中营养素的参考值,描述了矿物质。母亲、婴儿和哺乳质量(MILQ)和早期MILQ研究收集了孟加拉国、巴西、丹麦和冈比亚1242名营养良好的妇女在哺乳期前8.5个月的母乳样本。所有矿物均采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定。虽然从1到6个月的合并MILQ中位数在医学研究所(IOM)使用的镁、钾、钙和铜浓度的10%以内,但它们是锌和硒的IOM值的50%,钠和铁的IOM值的75%。对于锌、钠和铁,这种差异可以用IOM使用哺乳期早期的数值来解释(
{"title":"Reference Values for Minerals in Human Milk: the Mothers, Infants and Lactation Quality (MILQ) Study","authors":"Lindsay H Allen ,&nbsp;M Munirul Islam ,&nbsp;Gilberto Kac ,&nbsp;Kim F Michaelsen ,&nbsp;Sophie E Moore ,&nbsp;Maria Andersson ,&nbsp;Janet M Peerson ,&nbsp;Andrew M Doel ,&nbsp;Daphna K Dror ,&nbsp;Setareh Shahab-Ferdows ,&nbsp;Daniela de Barros Mucci ,&nbsp;Gabriela Torres Silva ,&nbsp;Daniela Hampel","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This fifth article in the series presenting reference values for nutrients in human milk describes minerals. The Mothers, Infants and Lactation Quality (MILQ) and Early-MILQ studies collected human milk samples throughout the first 8.5 mo of lactation in 1242 well-nourished women in Bangladesh, Brazil, Denmark, and The Gambia. All minerals were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Although pooled MILQ medians from 1 to 6 mo are within ∼10% of the concentration used by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) for magnesium, potassium, calcium, and copper, they are ∼50% of the IOM value for zinc and selenium, and ∼75% of the IOM value for sodium and iron. For zinc, sodium, and iron, the discrepancy can be explained by the IOM’s use of values from early lactation (&lt;3 mo) when the milk nutrient concentrations are higher; in contrast, for potassium the IOM benchmark concentration is consistent with later lactation (6 mo) in MILQ. Pooled median MILQ phosphorus from 1 to 6 mo is 120% of the concentration selected by the IOM. Milk iodine concentrations in MILQ varied among sites, reflecting the differing national policies for salt iodization. Total daily median mineral intakes from 1 to 6 mo were 49%–55% of IOM adequate intakes (AIs) for zinc and selenium, 74%–90% of AIs for sodium, iron, and magnesium, and 110%–125% of AIs for copper, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus. For zinc, sodium, iron, and potassium, differences can be explained by the reference time frame during lactation. The MILQ study mineral concentrations are provided as percentile curves to enable comparison and interpretation. Importantly, the MILQ data show marked changes in milk mineral concentrations during the first 6 mo of lactation, an observation often missed because of the absence of data representing a spectrum of time postpartum in previously published data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100431"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to ‘Optimal Intake of Animal-Source Foods: A Scoping Review to Inform a New WHO Guideline’ [Advances in Nutrition 16 (2025) 100467] “动物源食品的最佳摄入量:为世卫组织新指南提供信息的范围审查”[营养进展16(2025)100467]的勘误表。
IF 9.2 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100507
Magali Rios-Leyvraz , Jason Montez
{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Optimal Intake of Animal-Source Foods: A Scoping Review to Inform a New WHO Guideline’ [Advances in Nutrition 16 (2025) 100467]","authors":"Magali Rios-Leyvraz ,&nbsp;Jason Montez","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100507","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 10","pages":"Article 100507"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Advances in Nutrition
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