Advances in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Mediterranean Diet, Semen Quality, and Medically Assisted Reproductive Outcomes in the Male Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Rashmi Agarwal ,&nbsp;Jordi Salas-Salvadó ,&nbsp;Estefanía Davila-Cordova ,&nbsp;Sangeetha Shyam ,&nbsp;María Fernández de la Puente ,&nbsp;Maite Pérez Azurmendi ,&nbsp;Nancy Babio ,&nbsp;Albert Salas-Huetos","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental pollution, sedentary lifestyles, and unhealthy dietary patterns have been hypothesized as the main modifiable factors of human semen quality decline. The study aimed to assess the associations between an a priori-defined Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence and semen quality parameters or medically assisted reproductive (MAR) outcomes in males. A systematic review was conducted with studies from PubMed, Embase, or Scopus databases until October 2024. A priori-defined MedDiet adherence was considered as exposure and conventional semen quality parameters as the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included MAR outcomes, reproductive hormone concentrations, and sperm DNA fragmentation. A quality assessment was performed using the NHLBI tool. Meta-analysis was conducted following Cochrane guidelines. A subgroup analysis was done for healthy participants and those from fertility clinics separately. A sensitivity analysis was performed to check the influential studies. A qualitative analysis was performed on 11 eligible articles (<em>n</em> = 2558 individuals). Data from 9 observational studies showed a positive association between the adherence to MedDiet and semen volume (1/9), sperm concentration (5/9 studies), count (5/9), total motility (5/9), progressive motility (4/9), vitality (1/9), normal morphology (2/9), or follicular stimulating hormone (1/9). Among these, the links between MedDiet adherence and MAR outcomes were prospectively explored only in 1 study, which reported no association. A total of 8 studies were eligible for meta-analysis (<em>n</em> = 1835 individuals). Total MedDiet adherence showed a significant positive association with sperm count (24.37 M spz.; 1.30–47.44; <em>I</em>² = 89%), total motility (8.81%; 2.26–15.37; <em>I</em>² = 88%), progressive motility (7.49%; 1.47–13.50; <em>I</em>² = 86%), and normal morphology (1.02%; 0.21–1.82; <em>I</em>² = 77%). Evidence from 2 randomized clinical trial evaluating the effect of MedDiet on semen parameters aligns with the primary results. Evidence from observational studies and clinical trials shows potential benefit of adhering to a MedDiet in terms of seminal quality parameters, but not fertility outcomes.</div><div>This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42024584003.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 100454"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling Spinal Cord Injury Nutrition: Effects of Diet on the Host and Microbiome","authors":"ZeHui Li ,&nbsp;XiaoXin Wang ,&nbsp;HuaYong Du ,&nbsp;WuBo Liu ,&nbsp;ChunJia Zhang ,&nbsp;Zuliyaer Talifu ,&nbsp;Xin Xu ,&nbsp;Yunzhu Pan ,&nbsp;JinMing Zhang ,&nbsp;Han Ke ,&nbsp;DeGang Yang ,&nbsp;Feng Gao ,&nbsp;Yan Yu ,&nbsp;YingLi Jing ,&nbsp;JianJun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe neurological dysfunction with significant nutritional alterations. These alterations are closely associated with gut dysbiosis and neurogenic gut dysfunction after SCI, creating complex interactions that further exacerbate metabolic disturbances and impede neurological recovery. In the context of SCI, diet not only fulfills basic nutritional needs but also serves as an important therapeutic tool to modulate these interactions. This review provides a broad overview of existing research findings, analyzes the impact of existing dietary interventions on SCI, and attempts to clarify the complex relationship between diet and host and gut microbiota. We hope to provide a clear direction for future research and a scientific basis for the development of personalized dietary interventions to improve the nutritional status of patients with SCI, reduce the incidence of complications such as metabolic disorders, and promote the recovery of neurological function and overall quality of life of patients with SCI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 100448"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Aspartame on Glucose, Insulin, and Appetite-Regulating Hormone Responses in Humans: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses","authors":"Lucy R Boxall,&nbsp;Fatemeh Eskandari,&nbsp;Julie Wallis,&nbsp;Aleksandra D Bielat,&nbsp;Katherine M Appleton","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aspartame (L-α-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester) has been implicated in increased risk of several chronic health conditions, yet underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The objective of this work was to systematically identify and summarize all controlled intervention studies investigating the effects of aspartame consumption on glucose, insulin, and appetite-related hormone responses. Five academic databases, 4 trial registries, and additional resources were searched until June 2024. Search hits were screened, in duplicate, for intervention studies of aspartame compared with comparator, which assessed glucose, insulin, and/or any other appetite-regulating hormone. Results were tabulated, and meta-analyses run where ≥10 studies with similar methodology were found. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using RoB-2. Certainty of the evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. One hundred one articles were identified, detailing 100 experiments: 79 acute (≤1 d), 8 medium term (2–30 d), and 13 long term (&gt;30 d). Experiments involved healthy adults, individuals with aspartame sensitivity, and individuals with compromised glucose metabolism, varied widely in aspartame provision and comparator/s, and although almost all assessed glucose and/or insulin responses, few experiments investigated other appetite-regulating hormones. Meta-analyses (acute cross-over studies) revealed few effects of aspartame on blood glucose/insulin compared with vehicle or low-calorie sweeteners (LCS), and lower blood glucose/insulin concentrations compared with sugars, other carbohydrates, or other nutritive elements. Over the medium term and longterm, few effects of aspartame were found, and high heterogeneity between studies remained. Similar effects were found in other populations, and other outcomes, with few adverse events. RoB assessments suggested “some concerns” for the majority of studies. The certainty of the evidence for all outcomes in all populations was judged to be “very low.” Our findings suggest little to no effects of aspartame consumption on glucose metabolism over the short term or the long term. Further studies over the long term, assessing a range of appetite-regulating hormones and comparing aspartame with other LCS, would be of value.</div><div>This study was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42024540781 on April 29, 2024.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 100449"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet-Related Health Inequalities in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review of Observational Studies","authors":"Elena Carrillo-Alvarez ,&nbsp;Rosa Rifà-Ros ,&nbsp;Blanca Salinas-Roca ,&nbsp;Lluís Costa-Tutusaus ,&nbsp;Mafalda Lamas ,&nbsp;Míriam Rodriguez-Monforte","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diet-related health inequalities are a persistent public health challenge in high-income countries, disproportionately affecting socially and economically disadvantaged populations. This study aims to map the existing evidence on diet-related health inequalities in high-income countries through a scoping review of observational studies, identifying populations most affected and key dietary outcomes across social determinants of health. We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase for observational studies published between January 2011 and March 2021. Eligible studies assessed diet-related health outcomes stratified by ≥1 Place of Residence, Race/Ethnicity, Occupation, Gender/Sex, Religion, Education, Socioeconomic Status, and Social Capital (PROGRESS)-Plus determinant. We followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines and registered the review with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42021234567). Data were charted and analyzed thematically according to PROGRESS categories. A total of 163 studies were included. Most studies focused on education, socioeconomic status, and place of residence, whereas fewer addressed gender identity, sexual orientation, or disability. Common dietary indicators included fruit and vegetable intake, dietary patterns, and food group consumption. Evidence consistently showed that lower education and income levels were associated with poorer dietary outcomes. Notably, certain population groups (for example, ethnic minorities, rural residents, and individuals with low education or income) experienced cumulative disadvantages. The scoping review highlights persistent and intersecting diet-related health inequalities in high-income countries. It underscores the need for standardized indicators and intersectional approaches in monitoring, research, and policy making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 100439"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to De Marco et al.","authors":"Dan Liang ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Zhen Luo ,&nbsp;Changwen Ke ,&nbsp;Yingsi Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 100410"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Iodine Deficiency Trends on the Pathophysiology of Selected Populations","authors":"Nicola De Maio ,&nbsp;Fiore Carpenito ,&nbsp;Alberto Carpenito ,&nbsp;Francesco Turco ,&nbsp;Giancarlo Landi ,&nbsp;Margot De Marco","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 100411"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hook, Line, and Thinker: Seafood Nets Benefits for Neurocognitive Development","authors":"J Thomas Brenna","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100415","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 100415"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet Item Details: Reporting Checklist for Feeding Studies Measuring the Dietary Metabolome (DID-METAB Checklist)—Explanation and Elaboration Report on the Development of the Checklist by the DID-METAB Delphi Working Group","authors":"Jessica JA Ferguson ,&nbsp;Erin D Clarke ,&nbsp;Jordan Stanford ,&nbsp;María Gómez-Martín ,&nbsp;Tammie Jakstas ,&nbsp;Clare E Collins","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolomics is a postgenomic, systems-based discipline offering valuable applications in nutrition research, including the use of objective biomarkers to characterize dietary intake and metabolic responses more accurately. A scoping review identified the need for reporting guidance on dietary information in the form of a checklist to ensure reproducibility of human feeding studies that are measuring the diet-related metabolome. In this study, we aimed to gain consensus on a core outcome set pertaining to diet-related item details (DIDs) and recommendations for reporting DIDs to inform development of a reporting checklist. The goal of this checklist is to guide researchers on the minimum level of content and detail required for reporting dietary information in human feeding studies measuring the metabolome. A 2-stage online Delphi process encompassing 5 survey rounds with international experts in clinical trial design, feeding study intervention implementation, metabolomics, and/or human biospecimen analyses was conducted. A core outcome set encompassing 29 DIDs and accompanying recommendations was developed across 5 domains: dietary intervention—modeling (8 DIDs), dietary intervention—implementation (3 DIDs), dietary assessment (9 DIDs), adherence and compliance monitoring (4 DIDs), and bias (5 DIDs). The reporting guideline (DID-METAB Checklist) was generated and accepted by the international expert working group in the final survey round. All experts agreed that relevant journals should include the checklist as a suggested reporting tool for relevant studies and/or used alongside existing reporting tools. This report provides examples, explanations and elaboration for each recommendation including examples from published literature and references. The DID-METAB Checklist will be a key tool to advance the standardized reporting for feeding studies assessing the metabolome. Implementation of this tool will enable the ability to better interpret data and ensure global utility of results for furthering the advancement of metabolomics in nutrition research and future precision and personalized nutrition strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seafood During Pregnancy and Lactation and Child Neurocognitive Development: A Systematic Review","authors":"Lauren E O’Connor,&nbsp;Maureen K Spill,&nbsp;Sanjoy Saha,&nbsp;Arin A Balalian,&nbsp;Julie S Davis,&nbsp;Amanda J MacFarlane","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Assessing seafood as a food group, rather than as a source of omega-3 fatty acids or contaminants, may better inform dietary guidance for pregnancy and lactation.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to assess relationships between seafood consumption during pregnancy and lactation and neurocognitive development in the child.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three electronic databases were searched up to September 2024 to update a previous search from 2000 to 2019. Articles were included if seafood intake during pregnancy or lactation and a child outcome was assessed [neurocognitive development including cognitive, social–emotional, behavioral, movement/physical, language/communication, and aggregate scores as well as depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)]. Articles were screened at title, abstract, and full-text levels independently by 2 analysts. Data were extracted, quality checked, and synthesized narratively considering the direction, magnitude, and statistical significance of results. The risk of bias was assessed using study design-specific tools. Certainty of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty articles [1 randomized controlled trial (RCT), 24 prospective cohorts, and 1 retrospective cohort] during pregnancy were identified; none for lactation. Evidence suggested relationships between higher seafood consumption and better social–emotional and behavioral development in children and adolescents aged 0–18 y as well as better aggregate scores of development for those &lt;4 y. The certainty of the evidence was very low to moderate due to the lack of RCTs. Evidence for overall cognitive development was inconsistent but higher seafood may be related to better attention, reasoning and problem-solving, and verbal intelligence. However, evidence was limited in the number of studies and ages assessed. Evidence was inconsistent for movement/physical and language/communication development, and a paucity of studies was found for ADHD and ASD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Seafood consumption within currently recommended amounts during pregnancy may be associated with better social–emotional, behavioral, and aggregate scores of development in the child, as well as potentially some aspects of cognitive development.</div><div>This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42023432844.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 100414"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic and Associative Significance of Malnutrition in Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Konstantinos Prokopidis ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Dario Testa ,&nbsp;Christoforos D Giannaki ,&nbsp;Pinelopi Stavrinou ,&nbsp;Eirini Kelaiditi ,&nbsp;Emiel O Hoogendijk ,&nbsp;Nicola Veronese","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malnutrition is a common phenomenon, particularly in those at an increased risk of muscle mass and function losses. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to explore the association of malnutrition with sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults and the prognostic association of malnutrition and sarcopenia compared with sarcopenia alone on all-cause mortality. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception until January 2024. A meta-analysis using a random-effect model was employed, utilizing the Mini Nutritional Assessment malnutrition tool as a continuous and categorical variable. The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42024501521). Malnutrition was significantly associated with a greater risk of sarcopenia [continuous: <em>k</em> = 12, odds ratio (OR): 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18, 1.61, <em>I</em>² = 94.8%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01; categorical: <em>k</em> = 37, OR: 2.99, 95% CI: 2.26, 3.96, <em>I</em>² = 78.3%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01]. Sarcopenia and malnutrition were associated with a higher risk of mortality compared with sarcopenia alone (<em>k</em> = 5, hazard ratio: 4.04, 95% CI: 1.36, 11.94, <em>I</em>² = 92.8%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Metaregression showed age, sex, and number of adjustments did not explain heterogeneity among studies. The included studies had a moderate risk of bias. Malnutrition is associated with higher odds of sarcopenia and their combined presence is a better predictor of all-cause mortality compared with sarcopenia alone, further highlighting the importance of applying interventions to counteract these two closely related phenomena.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 100428"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}