Objective: The objective of the systematic review is to summarize the incidence, prevalence, risk factors and health consequences of polypharmacy in adults in South Asia.
Introduction: Several studies have been conducted in South Asia on the incidence, prevalence, risk factors and health consequences of polypharmacy in adults. Until now, no systematic review has been conducted on this topic.
Inclusion criteria: Related epidemiological studies conducted on adults (aged 18 years and over) and residing in any country within South Asia (i.e. Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) will be eligible for inclusion.
Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, BNI, Web of Science, Scopus and AMED databases will be searched to identify published studies. The search for unpublished studies will be undertaken in EThOS, OpenGrey and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Databases will be searched from their inception dates and no language restrictions will be applied. The JBI systematic review methodology will be followed to conduct the review. Data synthesis will be conducted using narrative synthesis and meta-analyses, where appropriate.
Objective: The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of serial focused ultrasound of the lungs (FLUS) and/or inferior vena cava (IVC) compared to standard care for monitoring patients with acute dyspnea.
Introduction: Acute dyspnea is one of the most common complaints reported by patients in hospital emergency departments, and has high in-hospital mortality rates. The current methods of monitoring patients with acute dyspnea lack both sensitivity and specificity. Point-of-care FLUS and IVC is a promising monitoring tool, but an overview of the existing evidence is absent.
Inclusion criteria: This review will include studies of adult patients admitted to hospital with acute dyspnea that is examined via FLUS, IVC or both a minimum of twice during hospitalization compared to standard care.
Methods: The following electronic databases will be searched: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Gray literature will be sought in OpenGrey and ProQuest. The search is limited to articles written in English, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian and German. Articles published before 2003 will be excluded from the search and duplicates will be removed. Two independent reviewers will screen and critically appraise the included studies and perform the data extraction. If possible, data will be synthesized with statistical meta-analysis; otherwise, data will be presented in narrative form.
Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42018116608.
Objective: The objective of the systematic review is to explore adult patients' experiences using electronic personal health records (e-PHRs) for chronic non-communicable disease self-management.
Introduction: Self-management is a key component of chronic disease management. One of the strategies to support self-management in patients with chronic disease is the use of e-PHRs. Electronic personal health records offer patients the opportunity to actively engage with their own health information, promote continuity of care and collaboration through disease tracking, and provide patients and providers with an ongoing connection. To adopt e-PHRs and maximize any benefits for chronic disease management, they should align with patients' values and preferences.
Inclusion criteria: The review will include qualitative studies that explore the experiences of adult patients (aged 18 years and over) with a chronic non-communicable disease who have used e-PHR for the self-management of their condition. This review will consider studies conducted in any setting or country.
Methods: The systematic review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence, with meta-aggregation as the method of synthesis. Published studies will be searched in CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase and Scopus. Gray literature will also be considered. Critical appraisal and data extraction will be conducted using the appropriate JBI tools. Extracted data will be aggregated and analyzed to produce a set of synthesized findings that can be used to develop evidence-informed recommendations for the use of e-PHRs in chronic disease self-management.
Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42019133301.
Objective: The objective of this review is to conduct comprehensive appraisal and synthesis of evidence on risk factors for hypertensive crisis and, specifically, hypertensive emergencies among adult patients with hypertension.
Introduction: Hypertensive crisis is the most extreme form of poorly controlled hypertension that may lead to acute target organ damage (hypertensive emergency). Hypertensive crisis is associated with increased mortality, high utilization of health care and escalated healthcare costs.
Inclusion criteria: This review will include epidemiological studies with participants over 18 years old with diagnosis of hypertension. The review will exclude pediatric, pregnant and postpartum patients. The review will consider studies that explore risk factors for hypertensive crisis, defined as an acute elevation of blood pressure equal or above 180/110 mmHg.
Methods: The search strategy aims to find both published and unpublished studies. The databases to be searched will include MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Web of Science. Following the search, all identified studies will be screened against the inclusion criteria. Selected studies will be critically appraised for methodological quality. Data on exposures and outcomes will be extracted from papers included in the review. Quantitative data, where possible, will be pooled in meta-analysis. Effect sizes expressed as odds ratio and their 95% confidence intervals will be calculated. Heterogeneity of studies will be assessed statistically. Subgroup analysis to determine the association of risk factors with hypertensive emergencies will be conducted, if possible. Where statistical pooling is not possible, the findings will be presented in a narrative form.
Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42019140093.
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