JBI database of systematic reviews and implementation reports最新文献

Objective: The objective of this review is to develop an aggregated synthesis of qualitative and quantitative reviews to derive recommendations for policy and practice relevant to clinical supervision (CS).

Introduction: Clinical supervision is a process where supervisors and supervisees engage in guided evaluation and reflection on current practice to enhance future practice. Recent studies have demonstrated the positive impact of CS on patient outcomes; however, the impact of CS on organizational outcomes is less clear. Therefore, this review will investigate organization outcomes and how health practitioners experience and view CS.

Inclusion criteria: This review will consider quantitative and qualitative studies on health professional supervisees in nutrition and dietetics, occupational therapy, physiotherapy, psychology, podiatry, social work, speech pathology and exercise physiology in hospitals and community settings. The quantitative component will include studies on the effects of CS based on staff retention and recruitment, intent to stay, intent to leave, job satisfaction and quality of work life, burnout and absenteeism. The qualitative component will consider studies that explore health professional supervisees' experiences on CS related to organizational outcomes.

Methods: CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, PEDro and Scopus will be searched for studies published in English, without a date limit. Both quantitative and qualitative studies will be screened for inclusion and critically appraised for methodological quality, and both types of data extracted using JBI tools for mixed methods systematic reviews. A convergent segregated approach to synthesis and integration will be used. The findings of each single method synthesis will be configured according to JBI methodology.

Objective: This review aims to assess the differences in surgical outcomes between hernioplasty using low-cost mesh and surgical mesh in adults undergoing elective hernioplasty in low- and middle-income countries.

Introduction: The use of untreated mosquito netting in inguinal hernioplasty in low- and middle-income countries has been well described in the literature, with two recent limited systematic reviews finding equivalent postoperative surgical outcomes. This comprehensive review, across a wider set of databases and gray literature, will assess a broader set of outcomes including patient and surgeon preference and sterility, report more granular complication outcomes, and include other low-cost mesh alternatives such as resterilized surgical mesh and indigenous products, alongside mosquito net mesh.

Inclusion criteria: Adult patients undergoing elective inguinal hernioplasty with mesh in low- and middle-income countries.

Methods: Electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library) and gray literature databases and trial registers will be searched for experimental studies, either randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials, comparing hernioplasty with surgical mesh versus low-cost mesh, published in any language from 2000 to the present. Two independent reviewers will conduct the literature search, screen titles and abstracts, assess full-text studies for inclusion, assess methodological quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool, and extract data using a custom extraction tool. Synthesis will involve pooling for statistical meta-analysis with either a random-effects or fixed-effects model, as appropriate, and where this is not possible, findings will be presented in narrative form.

Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42019136028.

Objective: The objectives of this review are to examine whether overweight/obese children experience more dental caries compared with non-overweight/non-obese children, and to identify common risk factors associated with both conditions.

Introduction: Systematic reviews have shown that any evidence on a link between overweight and/or obesity and dental caries remains inconclusive. This relationship has not been assessed for children under six years of age with primary dentition. Therefore, an updated systematic review of this topic is necessary as its findings will be important for young children, clinicians, researchers and policy makers.

Inclusion criteria: Studies examining children under six years of age and with complete primary dentition at the time of dental caries assessment will be included. The exposure of interest is the overweight and/or obesity status of children under six years of age. The outcome is dental caries in children with complete primary dentition. There will be no restriction on setting, date or language.

Methods: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PsycINFO, ProQuest Central, Scopus, CINAHL, and Google Scholar will be searched for eligible studies. The electronic database search will be supplemented by OpenGrey and Grey Literature Report databases, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, and the International Association for Dental Research conference websites. Two reviewers will independently screen and select studies, assess methodological quality and extract data. Meta-analysis will be performed, if possible, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Summary of Findings presented.

Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42018085292.

Objective: The objective of the current review is to examine the association between exposure to strategies or interventions to retain health workers in rural and remote areas of high-income countries and improved retention rates.

Introduction: Attracting and retaining sufficient healthcare staff to provide adequate services for residents of rural and remote areas is an international problem. High-income countries have specific challenges in staffing remote and rural areas; despite the majority of the population clustering in large cities, a significant number of communities are in rural, remote or frontier areas which may be perceived as less attractive locations in which to live and work.

Inclusion criteria: The review will consider studies that include health workers in high-income countries where participants have been exposed to interventions, support measures or incentive programs to increase retention or workforce length of employment or reduce turnover for health workers in rural and remote areas. Analytical observational studies, case-control studies, analytical cross-sectional studies, descriptive observational study designs, and descriptive cross-sectional studies published from 2010 will be eligible for inclusion.

Methods: We will use the JBI methodology for reviews of risk and etiology. A range of databases will be searched. Two reviewers will screen, critically appraise eligible articles, and extract data from included studies. Data synthesis will be conducted, where feasible, with RevMan 5.3.5. A random effects model will be used to conduct meta-analyses. We will assess the certainty of the findings using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Review objective: This review aims to synthesize the best available evidence on the experiences of family caregivers in caring for their critically ill children who have been hospitalized in a pediatric intensive care unit.

Introduction: The participation of family caregivers in providing health care for critically ill children is increasingly important. Family caregivers are defined as adult family members, including parents and siblings, and are often described as hidden patients, as their health can be neglected when caring for others. Understanding how family caregivers of critically ill children describe their experience will be beneficial in providing family-centered care to these children.

Inclusion criteria: This review will consider studies that include adult family caregivers caring for children hospitalized with critical illness in pediatric intensive care units. Any family with a child experiencing a life-threatening illness that may result in significant morbidity or mortality will be considered. Studies that disclose the physical, psychosocial, financial and spiritual experiences of family caregivers will be considered with no geographical limitation. Only English-language studies will be included, with no date limitation.

Method: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Scopus, ASSIA, SciELO, and Google Scholar will be searched for relevant papers following the completion of the three-step search process. Retrieval of full-text studies, assessment of methodological quality and data extraction will be performed independently by two reviewers. Meta-aggregation will be performed, and a ConQual presented.

Objective: The objective of this review is to systematically examine the effectiveness of adjuvant photoactivated chromophore for keratitis - corneal collagen cross-linking (PACK-CXL) versus standard antimicrobial treatment alone for corneal healing in patients with infectious keratitis.

Introduction: Infectious keratitis is a major cause for corneal blindness globally. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy is currently the standard treatment, but there is a growing need for alternative or adjuvant antimicrobial treatment, due to the emerging antimicrobial resistance, long treatment duration and cost of treatment. Photoactivated chromophore for keratitis - corneal collagen cross-linking has been increasingly used as an adjuvant treatment for infectious keratitis but high-quality evidence is limited.

Inclusion criteria: This review will consider studies that include patients with infectious keratitis, encompassing bacterial, fungal, acanthamoeba, viral, mixed or culture-negative presumed infectious keratitis cases. Patients who have a previous history of infectious keratitis before the study or those that had less than seven days' follow-up from the start of the treatment will be excluded.

Methods: The electronic databases to be searched will include MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Only English articles will be included. Titles, abstracts and full text of the relevant studies will be assessed by two independent reviewers. The extracted data will include specific details about the study, including authors and study title, year of publication, sample size, populations, and study methods. A meta-analysis will be performed for the included randomized controlled trials when there are sufficient similarities in the reporting of outcome measures.

Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42019131290.