JCIS open最新文献_第2页

Wettability based separation of ionomer-containing ultrafine particles for PEM water electrolyzer recycling 基于润湿性的含离聚体超细颗粒分离用于PEM水电解槽循环利用

Q3 Materials Science

JCIS open

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100161

Sohyun Ahn , Siddhi Kulkarni , Suvarna Patil , Urs A. Peuker , Martin Rudolph

As green hydrogen production via proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMELs) continues to scale up, the development of effective recycling processes for end-of-life components is becoming increasingly important. In PEMELs, ultrafine catalyst particles exhibit significant differences in hydrophobicity, which serve as a basis for selective separation. In this study, two separation techniques based on hydrophobicity differences (liquid–liquid particle separation and emulsion-based froth flotation) were proposed for particle recovery. Since catalyst inks contain amphiphilic ionomers as binders in addition to the particles, their influence on wettability-based separation was investigated. To clarify this effect, we investigated the physicochemical characteristics of ionomer-coated particles. Key parameters such as particle size, surface area (BET), and zeta potential were measured, and their impact on wettability was assessed. The results show that ionomer adsorption leads to a notable reduction in the hydrophobicity contrast, thereby hindering their selective separation. To address this issue, a dispersant was introduced to both separation processes. This addition improved the recovery performance, under conditions where the hydrophobicity difference was reduced (LLPS: recovery increased from 10 % to 70 %, froth flotation: approx. 15 % improvement). Although the addition of dispersants improved the recovery performance, the separation efficiency remained lower than that observed under ionomer-free conditions (over 95 % of recoveries in both processes). The findings highlight the complex interactions between particles, ionomers, and reagents in dispersion systems. Further investigation into these interactions is necessary to develop more robust and scalable recycling strategies. A deeper understanding of the physicochemical mechanisms will provide valuable insight into the design of selective separation processes for catalyst recovery in PEMEL systems.

随着质子交换膜水电解槽（PEMELs）绿色制氢的规模不断扩大，开发有效的报废部件回收工艺变得越来越重要。在PEMELs中，超细催化剂颗粒表现出显著的疏水性差异，这是选择性分离的基础。在本研究中，提出了两种基于疏水性差异的分离技术（液-液颗粒分离和乳化泡沫浮选）来回收颗粒。由于催化剂油墨除含有颗粒外还含有两亲性离聚物作为粘合剂，因此研究了它们对润湿性分离的影响。为了阐明这种效应，我们研究了离子单体包覆颗粒的物理化学特性。测量了颗粒大小、表面积（BET）和zeta电位等关键参数，并评估了它们对润湿性的影响。结果表明，离子异构体的吸附导致疏水性对比明显降低，从而阻碍了它们的选择性分离。为了解决这个问题，在两个分离过程中都引入了分散剂。在疏水性差减小的条件下，该添加剂提高了回收率（LLPS：回收率从10%提高到70%，泡沫浮选：约为70%）。改善15%)。虽然分散剂的加入提高了回收性能，但分离效率仍然低于无离聚体条件下的分离效率（两种工艺的回收率均在95%以上）。这些发现突出了分散系统中粒子、离聚体和试剂之间复杂的相互作用。进一步研究这些相互作用是必要的，以制定更强大和可扩展的回收策略。对物理化学机制的深入了解将为PEMEL系统中催化剂回收的选择性分离过程的设计提供有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

On the rheology of linear wormlike micellar solutions 线性虫状胶束溶液的流变学研究

Q3 Materials Science

JCIS open

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100160

Krassimir D. Danov , Gergana M. Radulova , Jordan T. Petkov , Yee Wei Ung

The shear rheology of linear wormlike micellar solutions (WMSs) is described by both Poisson renewal (PRM) and shuffling (SFM) models with different values of the model parameters. For low shear strains and rates of strains, the micellar solutions behave as a Maxwellian body with constant elasticity and viscosity. The excellent description of experimental data in the literature using PRM or SFM suggests that both models predict identical dependencies of the dynamic storage and loss moduli on the frequency of oscillations. It is shown in the literature, that the PRM becomes equivalent to the SFM, when the breaking time is constant, τ_br, and the characteristic reptation time, τ_rep, is equal to π²τ_d0, where τ_d0 is the reptation time evaluated with respect to the average length of the chain. Three independent rheological tests (apparent viscosity vs shear rate, stress vs strain at constant shear rates, strain oscillations at low amplitudes and different frequencies) are applied to low, medium, and high zero-shear viscosity WMSs to obtain the PRM and SFM model parameters (elasticity, viscosity, relaxation, breaking, and reptation times). The known closed-form analytical expression for the Laplace image of the stress relaxation function and the respective infinite series for the complex modulus give possibility for the reported here precise systematic calculations of the storage and elastic moduli, the crossover frequency, and the elasticity for all values of ζ_br = τ_br/τ_rep ≤ 100. The predictions of the PRM length-dependent breaking-time versions are indistinguishable from those of the SFM for the obtained universal dependencies of the characteristic time, τ_B0, on ζ_br. The applicability of the Vasquez–Cook–McKinley and the single-mode Oldroyd 8-constant models to describe the rheological behavior of WMSs is tested. The theoretical findings and conclusions are confirmed experimentally and illustrate the self-consistency of the used rheological regimes.

用泊松更新（PRM）和洗牌（SFM）模型描述了线性虫状胶束溶液（WMSs）的剪切流变特性。当剪切应变和应变速率较低时，胶束溶液表现为具有恒定弹性和粘度的麦克斯韦体。文献中使用PRM或SFM对实验数据的出色描述表明，这两种模型预测了动态存储和损耗模量对振荡频率的相同依赖关系。文献表明，当断裂时间τbr为常数时，特征重复时间τrep等于π2τd0，其中τd0为对链的平均长度求出的重复时间，PRM等于SFM。对低、中、高零剪切粘度wms进行了三个独立的流变试验（表观粘度与剪切速率、恒定剪切速率下的应力与应变、低振幅和不同频率下的应变振荡），获得了PRM和SFM模型参数（弹性、粘度、松弛、断裂和重复次数）。已知的应力松弛函数的拉普拉斯像的封闭解析表达式和相应的复模量的无穷级数为本文报道的精确系统计算存储模量和弹性模量、交叉频率以及对于所有的ζbr = τbr/τrep≤100的弹性提供了可能。对于特征时间τB0对ζbr的普遍依赖，PRM的预测与SFM的预测是无法区分的。测试了Vasquez-Cook-McKinley和单模Oldroyd 8常数模型描述WMSs流变行为的适用性。理论结果和结论在实验中得到了证实，并说明了所用流变体系的自洽性。

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引用次数: 0

Alcohol-assisted vaterite nanoparticles production from Palimanan natural limestone via carbonation method 用碳酸化法从Palimanan天然石灰石中制备醇助水晶石纳米颗粒

Q3 Materials Science

JCIS open

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100159

Ria Fitria Pryliana , Ainul Maghfirah , Grandprix T.M. Kadja

Vaterite, one of the calcium carbonate polymorphs, has been widely used as a bone-filling material, an efficient template for drug delivery, and pulp capping. However, vaterite is thermodynamically unstable and easily transformed into more stable polymorphs, namely calcite and aragonite. Carbonation is one common method to produce vaterite, yet it is hard to produce pure vaterite. In the present study, water and different types of alcohol (methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-propanol) were employed as solvents to synthesize high-purity nanovaterite. Interestingly, only methanol produced pure vaterite with crystallite and particle sizes of 16.24 and 2327 nm, respectively. While ethanol produced a mixture of vaterite and calcite, other solvents produced pure calcites with different sizes. For the first time, methanol solvent assisted vaterite production from Palimanan's natural limestone. The prepared vaterite from natural limestone exhibited a large pore size (43.30 nm) with crystallite and particle sizes of 18.06 and 1202 nm, respectively.

钙矾石是碳酸钙多晶体中的一种，已被广泛用作骨填充材料、有效的药物传递模板和牙髓封盖。然而，水晶石在热力学上是不稳定的，很容易转化为更稳定的多晶物，即方解石和文石。碳酸化是生产钒矾的一种常用方法，但制备纯钒矾的难度较大。本研究以水和不同类型的醇（甲醇、乙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、1-丙醇）为溶剂合成了高纯度的纳米水土。有趣的是，只有甲醇能产生纯的水晶石，晶粒尺寸分别为16.24 nm和2327 nm。乙醇产生的是水晶石和方解石的混合物，而其他溶剂产生的是不同大小的纯方解石。甲醇溶剂首次辅助Palimanan天然石灰石生产水晶石。天然石灰石制备的水晶石孔径较大（43.30 nm），晶粒尺寸为18.06 nm，颗粒尺寸为1202 nm。

引用次数: 0

Pickering emulsions synergistically stabilized by oligomeric amines and silica nanoparticles 由低聚胺和二氧化硅纳米颗粒协同稳定的皮克林乳状液

Q3 Materials Science

JCIS open

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100158

Peili Wang, Xiaomei Pei, Binglei Song, Zhao Chen, Zhenggang Cui

Pickering emulsions have been widely applied in various fields. In this work, oligomeric amines (2N-C_n-2N, n = 6, 8, 10) with two secondary and two tertiary amine groups were successfully synthesized. Pickering emulsions were stabilized by using silica nanoparticles and oligomeric amines with an oil-water ratio of 1:1 (v/v). At a fixed silica particle concentration of 0.2 wt%, the minimum concentrations of oligomeric amines 2N-C_n-2N (n = 6, 8, 10) required to stabilize the emulsion are 0.3, 0.3, and 0.06 mM, respectively, which decrease significantly with increasing spacer chain length. Contact angle experiments revealed that the in situ hydrophobization of nanoparticles was caused by the surface adsorption of amine molecules. Different with the previously reported silica particles modified by oppositely charged surfactants, the major interactions between the oligomeric amines and silica nanoparticles are hydrogen bonds instead of electrostatic attractions. The Pickering emulsion remained stable at 80 °C for at least 72 h without phase separation. In addition, the system exhibits pH responsiveness, and the emulsion can be cycled between demulsification and emulsification state for over 5 times by alternating addition of HCl and NaOH. This work provides a novel approach for the in situ hydrophobization of nanoparticles through hydrogen bonding and can be widely applied in the fields of medicine and cosmetics.

皮克林乳剂已广泛应用于各个领域。本文成功合成了具有两个仲胺和两个叔胺基团的低聚胺（2N-Cn-2N, n = 6,8,10）。采用二氧化硅纳米颗粒和低聚胺，油水比为1:1 （v/v）稳定酸洗乳状液。在固定的二氧化硅颗粒浓度为0.2 wt%时，稳定乳状液所需的低聚胺2N-Cn-2N （n = 6、8、10）的最小浓度分别为0.3、0.3和0.06 mM，随着间隔链长度的增加，其浓度显著降低。接触角实验表明，纳米颗粒的原位疏水是由胺分子的表面吸附引起的。不同于之前报道的由带相反电荷的表面活性剂修饰的二氧化硅颗粒，低聚胺与二氧化硅纳米颗粒之间的主要相互作用是氢键而不是静电吸引。皮克林乳状液在80℃下保持稳定至少72 h而不发生相分离。此外，该体系具有pH响应性，通过HCl和NaOH的交替加入，乳液可以在破乳和乳化状态之间循环5次以上。本研究为纳米颗粒的氢键原位疏水提供了一种新的途径，在医药、化妆品等领域具有广泛的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants under solar irradiation using single-walled carbon nanotube/titanium dioxide nanocomposites 单壁碳纳米管/二氧化钛纳米复合材料在太阳辐照下光催化降解有机污染物的研究

Q3 Materials Science

JCIS open

Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100157

Areeya Aeimbhu, Jamaree Amonkosolpan, Wichuda Boonyaratgalin, Nopmanee Supanam

A nanocomposite of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs: P25) modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was synthesized using a simple mixing method, with varying TiO₂ NP mass ratios (5–20 wt%). The nanocomposites were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Photocatalytic degradation performance was evaluated using methylene blue as a model organic pollutant under solar light irradiation. FE-SEM images confirmed the effective dispersion of TiO₂ NPs within SWCNT bundles, while FTIR analysis verified the incorporation of both TiO₂ NPs and SWCNTs. Adding SWCNTs extended TiO₂'s light absorption from the ultraviolet to the visible range, enhancing photocatalytic degradation under solar light compared to TiO₂. Tauc plot analysis revealed TiO₂NPs have an indirect energy band gap of 3.24 eV, while the SWCNTs/TiO₂ nanocomposites with a 1:5 mass ratio showed a direct energy band gap of 1.22 eV. The SWCNTs/TiO₂ nanocomposite (1:5) exhibited the highest specific surface area. Photocatalytic experiments with this ratio achieved up to 99 % removal of methylene blue within 60 min of sunlight exposure. Furthermore, SWCNTs can accelerate the formation of TiO₂ NPs sludge within 2 h. The SWCNTs-supported TiO₂ sludge is reusable in catalytic applications, helping to minimize waste disposal concerns.

采用简单的混合方法合成了单壁碳纳米管（SWCNTs）修饰的二氧化钛纳米颗粒（TiO2 NPs: P25）纳米复合材料，其TiO2 NP质量比为5-20 wt%。采用场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）、布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒（BET）分析、x射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和紫外-可见漫反射光谱（DRS）对纳米复合材料进行了表征。以亚甲基蓝为模型有机污染物，评价了其在日光照射下的光催化降解性能。FE-SEM图像证实了TiO2 NPs在SWCNTs束内的有效分散，而FTIR分析证实了TiO2 NPs和SWCNTs的结合。加入SWCNTs将TiO2的光吸收从紫外光扩展到可见光范围，与TiO2相比，增强了太阳光下的光催化降解能力。Tauc图分析显示，TiO2纳米复合材料的间接能带隙为3.24 eV，而质量比为1:5的SWCNTs/TiO2纳米复合材料的直接能带隙为1.22 eV。SWCNTs/TiO2纳米复合材料（1:5）的比表面积最高。光催化实验与此比例实现了高达99%的亚甲基蓝去除60分钟的阳光照射。此外，SWCNTs可以在2小时内加速TiO2 NPs污泥的形成。SWCNTs支持的TiO2污泥在催化应用中可重复使用，有助于最大限度地减少废物处理问题。

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引用次数: 0

Inverting g(r) to u(r): The test-particle insertion method 将g(r)逆化为u(r)：测试粒子插入法

Q3 Materials Science

JCIS open

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100156

Clare R. Rees-Zimmerman , Angus Heafield , Daniel Ellerbeck , Adam Edward Stones , Roel P.A. Dullens , Dirk G.A.L. Aarts

Inverting the radial distribution function,

g (r)

, to a pair potential,

u (r)

, can be achieved by a variety of methods. Test-particle insertion has recently emerged as an efficient inverse method for finding

u (r)

. The method can analyse both simulated and experimental data, and the only input required is equilibrium snapshots of particle coordinates. This paper explains the method in detail and its implementation, sharing example code. We demonstrate intricacies in the number and placement of test particles and their effect on efficiency, as well as practical advice for applying the method to experimental data. This includes strategies and code for dealing with non-periodic boundary conditions, choice of inversion cutoff distance and the effect of particles sticking. We also discuss how the method performs at higher density and its limitations.

将径向分布函数g(r)转化为对势u(r)，可以通过多种方法实现。测试粒子插入最近成为一种求u(r)的有效逆方法。该方法可以同时分析模拟数据和实验数据，并且只需要输入粒子坐标的平衡快照。本文详细说明了该方法及其实现，并给出了示例代码。我们演示了测试粒子的数量和放置及其对效率的影响的复杂性，以及将该方法应用于实验数据的实用建议。这包括处理非周期边界条件的策略和代码、反演截止距离的选择和粒子粘附的影响。我们还讨论了该方法在高密度下的性能及其局限性。

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引用次数: 0

A novel eco-friendly method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-decorated chitosan film having high antibacterial efficacy 一种新型的环保方法合成具有高抗菌效果的银纳米粒子修饰壳聚糖膜

Q3 Materials Science

JCIS open

Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100155

Sri Juari Santosa , Muhammad Hadi , Adhi Dwi Hatmanto , Salwaa Mumtaazah Darmanastri , Eny Kusrini , Khoirina Dwi Nugrahaningtyas , Anwar Usman

A novel eco-friendly method was established to synthesize ultra-small silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-decorated chitosan films with strong antibacterial activity. The AgNPs were produced by reducing AgNO₃ with glucose derived from sucrose hydrolysis under alkaline conditions (pH ∼12.06) in a chitosan matrix, yielding spherical particles (∼8.6 nm) at an optimal 1:4 Ag⁺ to sucrose molar ratio. Mixing the resulting Chit-AgNPs colloid with glycerol in equal volumes produced a biodegradable Chit-AgNPs/G1 film with mechanical properties that meet biodegradable plastic standards. Antibacterial tests against B. subtilis and E. coli revealed that the film exhibited markedly higher efficacy than its precursors and was comparable or even superior to standard controls (amoxicillin and betadine). Overall, the Chit-AgNPs/G1 film demonstrates exceptional antibacterial performance, positioning it as one of the most effective chitosan–AgNP composites reported to date.

建立了一种新型的环保方法，合成了具有强抗菌活性的超小银纳米颗粒修饰壳聚糖膜。AgNPs是在碱性条件下（pH ~ 12.06）用蔗糖水解得到的葡萄糖在壳聚糖基质中还原AgNO3制备的，以最佳的1:4 Ag+与蔗糖的摩尔比生成球形颗粒（~ 8.6 nm）。将所得的Chit-AgNPs胶体与等体积的甘油混合，制成可生物降解的Chit-AgNPs/G1薄膜，其机械性能符合可生物降解塑料标准。对枯草芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌试验表明，该薄膜的效果明显高于其前体，与标准对照（阿莫西林和倍他定）相当，甚至优于后者。总的来说，chit - agnp /G1薄膜表现出卓越的抗菌性能，使其成为迄今为止报道的最有效的壳聚糖- agnp复合材料之一。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of wettability on diffusion limited nanoparticle adsorption at gas-liquid interfaces 润湿性对扩散受限纳米颗粒在气液界面吸附的影响

Q3 Materials Science

JCIS open

Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100154

Hangyu Chen , Xiaodong Jia , Michael Fairweather , Timothy N. Hunter

This study investigates the influence of hydrophobicity on particle adsorption by examining the behavior of hydrophobized silica particles at air-water interfaces. Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) trough studies of butanol (‘SiO-butane’) and hexanol (‘SiO-hexane’) esterified particles provided contrasting behavior. The SiO-butane particles formed weaker particle layers that underwent partial collapse with compression, leading to formations significantly below hexagonal close-packed estimates. In contrast, the SiO-hexane particles exhibited improved monolayer behavior and longer-range stability. Droplet surface tensions demonstrated that the hydrophobic particles significantly altered the dynamic tension during adsorption, when methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) was added as a co-surfactant. Short-term modeling elucidated the role of diffusion and energy barriers on adsorption dynamics, with SiO-hexane having reduced diffusion coefficients with respect to SiO-butane and unmodified particles. Despite this reduced diffusion, long-term modeling allowed calculation of adsorption coefficients (k_a), which for SiO-hexane particles were ∼200 × greater than for unmodified particles at low 0.1 wt% particle concentrations and over 1000 × greater at 2 wt%. Overall, the results provide quantitative insights into the profound influence of hydrophobicity on particle adsorption, particularly in crowded surface environments. Importantly, a diffusion-only mechanism is inadequate to explain adsorption dynamics for these larger colloids and the gravity-driven contribution must be considered in early-stage kinetics.

本研究通过观察疏水性二氧化硅颗粒在空气-水界面的行为，探讨了疏水性对颗粒吸附的影响。Langmuir-Blodgett （LB）通过研究丁醇（‘ sio -丁烷’）和己醇（‘ sio -己烷’）酯化颗粒提供了对比的行为。sio -丁烷颗粒形成了较弱的颗粒层，这些颗粒层在压缩过程中经历了部分坍塌，导致地层明显低于六方紧密堆积的估计。相比之下，sio -己烷颗粒表现出更好的单层行为和更长的范围稳定性。液滴表面张力表明，当加入甲基异丁基甲醇（MIBC）作为助表面活性剂时，疏水颗粒在吸附过程中显著改变了动态张力。短期模型阐明了扩散和能量势垒对吸附动力学的作用，硅己烷相对于硅丁烷和未修饰的颗粒具有降低的扩散系数。尽管这种扩散减少了，但长期建模允许计算吸附系数（ka），在低0.1 wt%的颗粒浓度下，sio -己烷颗粒的吸附系数比未改性颗粒大200倍，在2 wt%的颗粒浓度下，吸附系数比未改性颗粒大1000倍以上。总的来说，这些结果为疏水性对颗粒吸附的深刻影响提供了定量的见解，特别是在拥挤的表面环境中。重要的是，仅扩散机制不足以解释这些较大胶体的吸附动力学，在早期动力学中必须考虑重力驱动的贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Cross-linked chitosan-argan nutshell bio-composite beads: Optimization using Box-Behnken design and adsorption mechanism for Pb (II) and Cd (II) removal 交联壳聚糖-坚果壳生物复合微球：Box-Behnken设计优化吸附Pb （II）和Cd （II）的机理

Q3 Materials Science

JCIS open

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100152

Fatima Zahra Falah , Touria El Ghailassi , Samia Yousfi , Ahmed Moussaif , Mohamed Essalhi , Hasna Hamdane , Mouna Latifa Bouamrani

Industrial heavy metal contamination in water poses a significant threat to both the environment and human health, necessitating the development of affordable and effective remediation solutions. This study introduces a novel chitosan–argan nutshell bio-composite bead cross-linked in situ with glutaraldehyde (CS/ANS@GA), which exhibits enhanced mechanical stability and serves as an eco-friendly adsorbent for the efficient removal of Pb (II) and Cd(II). The bio-composite beads were thoroughly characterized using swelling tests, XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX, confirming their semi-crystalline structure and functionalities, as well as their high porosity and accessible adsorption active sites. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the effects of pH, adsorbent dose, and contact time to achieve high removal efficiencies of Pb (II) and Cd (II). The synthesized beads exhibited Sips isotherm behavior, indicating a heterogeneous surface with maximum adsorption capacities of 433 mg g⁻¹ (Pb) and 391 mg.g⁻¹ (Cd). Thermodynamic analysis revealed an endothermic and spontaneous process, while Avrami kinetics suggested a complex adsorption mechanism involving pore diffusion, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonding. Remarkably, the CS/ANS@GA beads maintained an efficiency of over 90 % after three adsorption–desorption cycles. These results highlight the potential of CS/ANS@GA beads as a sustainable, high-performance material for removing heavy metals from water.

水中的工业重金属污染对环境和人类健康构成重大威胁，因此有必要制定负担得起的有效补救办法。本研究介绍了一种新型的壳聚糖-坚果果壳生物复合材料-戊二醛原位交联（CS/ANS@GA），该材料具有增强的机械稳定性，是一种高效去除Pb （II）和Cd（II）的环保吸附剂。通过膨胀测试、XRD、FTIR和SEM-EDX对生物复合微珠进行了全面表征，证实了它们的半晶结构和功能，以及它们的高孔隙率和可接近的吸附活性位点。采用响应面法优化了pH、吸附剂剂量和接触时间对Pb （II）和Cd （II）去除效果的影响。合成的微球表现出Sips等温行为，表明其表面不均匀，最大吸附量为433 mg g−1 （Pb）和391 mg g−1 （Cd）。热力学分析表明吸附过程为吸热自发过程，而Avrami动力学分析表明吸附机制复杂，包括孔隙扩散、静电相互作用和氢键。值得注意的是，经过三次吸附-解吸循环后，CS/ANS@GA微球的效率保持在90%以上。这些结果突出了CS/ANS@GA微珠作为一种可持续的高性能材料去除水中重金属的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Nano modified kaolin-based materials and their application: A review 纳米改性高岭土基材料及其应用综述

Q3 Materials Science

JCIS open

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100153

Kedir Seid Mohammed , Minaleshewa Atlabachew , Getahun Worku Derbie , Biniam Abdu Berhie

Kaolin, a natural clay mineral characterized by its kaolinite layers and silicate structure, exhibits high adsorbent properties, a low specific surface area, exceptional stability, and environmental friendliness. These attributes make kaolinite suitable for a wide range of applications. Conversely, the limited surface hydroxyl groups, low ion exchange capacity, and inability to absorb visible light indicate that pure kaolin or kaolinite is not an effective material for photocatalysis and performs inadequately in other applications. Fortunately, the unique physical and chemical properties of kaolinite render it as a suitable semiconductor carrier. By utilizing kaolin as a carrier, the poor activity, narrow spectral response, and limited electron transport of pure photocatalysts can be addressed, while also restricting the aggregation of nanoparticles. Thus, the usage of pure kaolin/kaolinite as a catalyst and adsorbent demonstrates to improve adsorption and catalytic performance, many modification techniques are now used, such as heat treatment (increases its surface area and porosity), acid modification (boosts the availability of active sites for improved adsorption and catalytic reactions), metal modification (introduces additional active sites), inorganic modification (improve thermal stability and photocatalytic performance), and organic modification (increase hydrophobicity). This review paper offers a structured overview of the use of kaolinite-supported nanocomposites across various applications, including adsorption, photocatalytic pollutant degradation, catalytic degradation, and antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The review also demonstrates the effectiveness and methods of combining nanomaterials with naturally occurring or modified kaolinite, as well as the limitations of kaolinite's present application and the mechanics underlying adsorption, catalytic, photocatalytic techniques and pollutant removal.

高岭土是一种天然粘土矿物，具有高岭石层和硅酸盐结构，具有高吸附性、低比表面积、优异的稳定性和环境友好性。这些特性使高岭石适用于广泛的应用。相反，有限的表面羟基、低离子交换能力和不能吸收可见光表明，纯高岭土或高岭石不是光催化的有效材料，在其他应用中表现不佳。幸运的是，高岭石独特的物理和化学性质使其成为合适的半导体载体。利用高岭土作为载体，可以解决纯光催化剂活性差、光谱响应窄、电子传递受限的问题，同时也限制了纳米颗粒的聚集。因此，使用纯高岭土/高岭土作为催化剂和吸附剂可以改善吸附和催化性能，现在使用了许多改性技术，如热处理（增加其表面积和孔隙度），酸改性（提高活性位点的可用性，以改善吸附和催化反应），金属改性（引入额外的活性位点），无机改性（提高热稳定性和光催化性能），和有机改性（增加疏水性）。本文综述了高岭石纳米复合材料在各种应用中的应用，包括吸附、光催化污染物降解、催化降解、抗菌和抗氧化活性。综述了纳米材料与天然高岭石或改性高岭石结合的有效性和方法，以及高岭石目前应用的局限性以及吸附、催化、光催化技术和污染物去除的机理。

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引用次数: 0