Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100169
Dayana Arakelyan , Diana Abisheva , Kuralay Rustembekkyzy , Takhmina Kerim , Timur Sh Atabaev
This study explores the synthesis of flake-like CuO structures via a hydrothermal route and examines their applicability in wastewater treatment through model dye degradation and in hydrogen evolution boosting via catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH4. Under optimized conditions, involving low CuO dosage and minimal H2O2 addition, nearly complete removal of Methylene blue (MB) dye (Co = 3 × 10−5 M) was observed within 30 min with apparent constant rate of k = 0.1124 min−1. The prepared flake-like CuO structures exhibit significant promise for wastewater treatment owing to their low production cost, efficient performance with minimal CuO and H2O2 input, excellent recyclability, and enhanced apparent rate constant as compared to other CuO-based photocatalysts. Furthermore, the introduction even of a small amount of CuO flake-like structures significantly enhanced the H2 evolution efficiency during the catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH4. Overall, the prepared CuO flake-like structures exhibit excellent potential for wastewater photocatalytic treatment and for improved hydrogen evolution via sodium borohydride hydrolysis.
{"title":"Hydrothermal synthesis of CuO flake-like structures for efficient degradation of model pollutant dye under solar light illumination and improved hydrogen evolution via catalytic NaBH4 hydrolysis","authors":"Dayana Arakelyan , Diana Abisheva , Kuralay Rustembekkyzy , Takhmina Kerim , Timur Sh Atabaev","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the synthesis of flake-like CuO structures via a hydrothermal route and examines their applicability in wastewater treatment through model dye degradation and in hydrogen evolution boosting via catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH<sub>4</sub>. Under optimized conditions, involving low CuO dosage and minimal H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> addition, nearly complete removal of Methylene blue (MB) dye (C<sub>o</sub> = 3 × 10<sup>−5</sup> M) was observed within 30 min with apparent constant rate of k = 0.1124 min<sup>−1</sup>. The prepared flake-like CuO structures exhibit significant promise for wastewater treatment owing to their low production cost, efficient performance with minimal CuO and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> input, excellent recyclability, and enhanced apparent rate constant as compared to other CuO-based photocatalysts. Furthermore, the introduction even of a small amount of CuO flake-like structures significantly enhanced the H<sub>2</sub> evolution efficiency during the catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH<sub>4</sub>. Overall, the prepared CuO flake-like structures exhibit excellent potential for wastewater photocatalytic treatment and for improved hydrogen evolution via sodium borohydride hydrolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100167
Sourav Ganguly, Tanishq Khurana, Kiran Raj
Janus colloids, distinguished by their structural anisotropy and contrasting physicochemical characteristics, have emerged as a robust and versatile platform in the realm of therapeutic sciences, particularly in the domain of targeted drug delivery. Their unique structural asymmetry enables directional interactions, compartmentalized loading, and programmable responsiveness, which are critical features for multifunctional therapeutic applications. This review presents an in-depth overview of Janus colloidal particle synthesis, with a particular emphasis on microfluidic fabrication techniques that offer exceptional control, scalability, and reproducibility. We begin by outlining the foundational principles underlying Janus particle design, followed by an in-depth discussion of key microfluidic strategies such as the co-flowing approach, electrokinetic co-jetting technique, etc. These methods are critically compared in terms of their ability to engineer particle morphology, spatial material distribution, and interfacial properties. In addition, modelling and simulation approaches for Janus particle fabrication are discussed to provide a theoretical perspective complementing experimental advances. The review then examines recent advances in drug delivery, highlighting the utility of Janus systems for controlled release, synergistic co-delivery, and site-specific targeting. By integrating multiple functionalities into a single carrier, Janus microparticles address longstanding challenges in therapeutic delivery. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and highlight future directions grounded in these, with the hope that this contribution will help inform researchers and further advance the fabrication strategies of Janus colloids-based drug delivery systems.
{"title":"Synthesis of Janus colloids: A comprehensive review with emphasis on microfluidic approaches and drug delivery applications","authors":"Sourav Ganguly, Tanishq Khurana, Kiran Raj","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Janus colloids, distinguished by their structural anisotropy and contrasting physicochemical characteristics, have emerged as a robust and versatile platform in the realm of therapeutic sciences, particularly in the domain of targeted drug delivery. Their unique structural asymmetry enables directional interactions, compartmentalized loading, and programmable responsiveness, which are critical features for multifunctional therapeutic applications. This review presents an in-depth overview of Janus colloidal particle synthesis, with a particular emphasis on microfluidic fabrication techniques that offer exceptional control, scalability, and reproducibility. We begin by outlining the foundational principles underlying Janus particle design, followed by an in-depth discussion of key microfluidic strategies such as the co-flowing approach, electrokinetic co-jetting technique, etc. These methods are critically compared in terms of their ability to engineer particle morphology, spatial material distribution, and interfacial properties. In addition, modelling and simulation approaches for Janus particle fabrication are discussed to provide a theoretical perspective complementing experimental advances. The review then examines recent advances in drug delivery, highlighting the utility of Janus systems for controlled release, synergistic co-delivery, and site-specific targeting. By integrating multiple functionalities into a single carrier, Janus microparticles address longstanding challenges in therapeutic delivery. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and highlight future directions grounded in these, with the hope that this contribution will help inform researchers and further advance the fabrication strategies of Janus colloids-based drug delivery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Industrial heavy metal contamination in water poses a significant threat to both the environment and human health, necessitating the development of affordable and effective remediation solutions. This study introduces a novel chitosan–argan nutshell bio-composite bead cross-linked in situ with glutaraldehyde (CS/ANS@GA), which exhibits enhanced mechanical stability and serves as an eco-friendly adsorbent for the efficient removal of Pb (II) and Cd(II). The bio-composite beads were thoroughly characterized using swelling tests, XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX, confirming their semi-crystalline structure and functionalities, as well as their high porosity and accessible adsorption active sites. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the effects of pH, adsorbent dose, and contact time to achieve high removal efficiencies of Pb (II) and Cd (II). The synthesized beads exhibited Sips isotherm behavior, indicating a heterogeneous surface with maximum adsorption capacities of 433 mg g−1 (Pb) and 391 mg.g−1 (Cd). Thermodynamic analysis revealed an endothermic and spontaneous process, while Avrami kinetics suggested a complex adsorption mechanism involving pore diffusion, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonding. Remarkably, the CS/ANS@GA beads maintained an efficiency of over 90 % after three adsorption–desorption cycles. These results highlight the potential of CS/ANS@GA beads as a sustainable, high-performance material for removing heavy metals from water.
{"title":"Cross-linked chitosan-argan nutshell bio-composite beads: Optimization using Box-Behnken design and adsorption mechanism for Pb (II) and Cd (II) removal","authors":"Fatima Zahra Falah , Touria El Ghailassi , Samia Yousfi , Ahmed Moussaif , Mohamed Essalhi , Hasna Hamdane , Mouna Latifa Bouamrani","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industrial heavy metal contamination in water poses a significant threat to both the environment and human health, necessitating the development of affordable and effective remediation solutions. This study introduces a novel chitosan–argan nutshell bio-composite bead cross-linked in situ with glutaraldehyde (CS/ANS@GA), which exhibits enhanced mechanical stability and serves as an eco-friendly adsorbent for the efficient removal of Pb (II) and Cd(II). The bio-composite beads were thoroughly characterized using swelling tests, XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX, confirming their semi-crystalline structure and functionalities, as well as their high porosity and accessible adsorption active sites. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the effects of pH, adsorbent dose, and contact time to achieve high removal efficiencies of Pb (II) and Cd (II). The synthesized beads exhibited Sips isotherm behavior, indicating a heterogeneous surface with maximum adsorption capacities of 433 mg g<sup>−1</sup> (Pb) and 391 mg.g<sup>−1</sup> (Cd). Thermodynamic analysis revealed an endothermic and spontaneous process, while Avrami kinetics suggested a complex adsorption mechanism involving pore diffusion, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonding. Remarkably, the CS/ANS@GA beads maintained an efficiency of over 90 % after three adsorption–desorption cycles. These results highlight the potential of CS/ANS@GA beads as a sustainable, high-performance material for removing heavy metals from water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaterite, one of the calcium carbonate polymorphs, has been widely used as a bone-filling material, an efficient template for drug delivery, and pulp capping. However, vaterite is thermodynamically unstable and easily transformed into more stable polymorphs, namely calcite and aragonite. Carbonation is one common method to produce vaterite, yet it is hard to produce pure vaterite. In the present study, water and different types of alcohol (methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-propanol) were employed as solvents to synthesize high-purity nanovaterite. Interestingly, only methanol produced pure vaterite with crystallite and particle sizes of 16.24 and 2327 nm, respectively. While ethanol produced a mixture of vaterite and calcite, other solvents produced pure calcites with different sizes. For the first time, methanol solvent assisted vaterite production from Palimanan's natural limestone. The prepared vaterite from natural limestone exhibited a large pore size (43.30 nm) with crystallite and particle sizes of 18.06 and 1202 nm, respectively.
{"title":"Alcohol-assisted vaterite nanoparticles production from Palimanan natural limestone via carbonation method","authors":"Ria Fitria Pryliana , Ainul Maghfirah , Grandprix T.M. Kadja","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vaterite, one of the calcium carbonate polymorphs, has been widely used as a bone-filling material, an efficient template for drug delivery, and pulp capping. However, vaterite is thermodynamically unstable and easily transformed into more stable polymorphs, namely calcite and aragonite. Carbonation is one common method to produce vaterite, yet it is hard to produce pure vaterite. In the present study, water and different types of alcohol (methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-propanol) were employed as solvents to synthesize high-purity nanovaterite. Interestingly, only methanol produced pure vaterite with crystallite and particle sizes of 16.24 and 2327 nm, respectively. While ethanol produced a mixture of vaterite and calcite, other solvents produced pure calcites with different sizes. For the first time, methanol solvent assisted vaterite production from Palimanan's natural limestone. The prepared vaterite from natural limestone exhibited a large pore size (43.30 nm) with crystallite and particle sizes of 18.06 and 1202 nm, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A nanocomposite of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs: P25) modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was synthesized using a simple mixing method, with varying TiO2 NP mass ratios (5–20 wt%). The nanocomposites were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Photocatalytic degradation performance was evaluated using methylene blue as a model organic pollutant under solar light irradiation. FE-SEM images confirmed the effective dispersion of TiO2 NPs within SWCNT bundles, while FTIR analysis verified the incorporation of both TiO2 NPs and SWCNTs. Adding SWCNTs extended TiO2's light absorption from the ultraviolet to the visible range, enhancing photocatalytic degradation under solar light compared to TiO2. Tauc plot analysis revealed TiO2NPs have an indirect energy band gap of 3.24 eV, while the SWCNTs/TiO2 nanocomposites with a 1:5 mass ratio showed a direct energy band gap of 1.22 eV. The SWCNTs/TiO2 nanocomposite (1:5) exhibited the highest specific surface area. Photocatalytic experiments with this ratio achieved up to 99 % removal of methylene blue within 60 min of sunlight exposure. Furthermore, SWCNTs can accelerate the formation of TiO2 NPs sludge within 2 h. The SWCNTs-supported TiO2 sludge is reusable in catalytic applications, helping to minimize waste disposal concerns.
{"title":"Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants under solar irradiation using single-walled carbon nanotube/titanium dioxide nanocomposites","authors":"Areeya Aeimbhu, Jamaree Amonkosolpan, Wichuda Boonyaratgalin, Nopmanee Supanam","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A nanocomposite of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs: P25) modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was synthesized using a simple mixing method, with varying TiO<sub>2</sub> NP mass ratios (5–20 wt%). The nanocomposites were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Photocatalytic degradation performance was evaluated using methylene blue as a model organic pollutant under solar light irradiation. FE-SEM images confirmed the effective dispersion of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs within SWCNT bundles, while FTIR analysis verified the incorporation of both TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs and SWCNTs. Adding SWCNTs extended TiO<sub>2</sub>'s light absorption from the ultraviolet to the visible range, enhancing photocatalytic degradation under solar light compared to TiO<sub>2</sub>. Tauc plot analysis revealed TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs have an indirect energy band gap of 3.24 eV, while the SWCNTs/TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposites with a 1:5 mass ratio showed a direct energy band gap of 1.22 eV. The SWCNTs/TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite (1:5) exhibited the highest specific surface area. Photocatalytic experiments with this ratio achieved up to 99 % removal of methylene blue within 60 min of sunlight exposure. Furthermore, SWCNTs can accelerate the formation of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs sludge within 2 h. The SWCNTs-supported TiO<sub>2</sub> sludge is reusable in catalytic applications, helping to minimize waste disposal concerns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100158
Peili Wang, Xiaomei Pei, Binglei Song, Zhao Chen, Zhenggang Cui
Pickering emulsions have been widely applied in various fields. In this work, oligomeric amines (2N-Cn-2N, n = 6, 8, 10) with two secondary and two tertiary amine groups were successfully synthesized. Pickering emulsions were stabilized by using silica nanoparticles and oligomeric amines with an oil-water ratio of 1:1 (v/v). At a fixed silica particle concentration of 0.2 wt%, the minimum concentrations of oligomeric amines 2N-Cn-2N (n = 6, 8, 10) required to stabilize the emulsion are 0.3, 0.3, and 0.06 mM, respectively, which decrease significantly with increasing spacer chain length. Contact angle experiments revealed that the in situ hydrophobization of nanoparticles was caused by the surface adsorption of amine molecules. Different with the previously reported silica particles modified by oppositely charged surfactants, the major interactions between the oligomeric amines and silica nanoparticles are hydrogen bonds instead of electrostatic attractions. The Pickering emulsion remained stable at 80 °C for at least 72 h without phase separation. In addition, the system exhibits pH responsiveness, and the emulsion can be cycled between demulsification and emulsification state for over 5 times by alternating addition of HCl and NaOH. This work provides a novel approach for the in situ hydrophobization of nanoparticles through hydrogen bonding and can be widely applied in the fields of medicine and cosmetics.
{"title":"Pickering emulsions synergistically stabilized by oligomeric amines and silica nanoparticles","authors":"Peili Wang, Xiaomei Pei, Binglei Song, Zhao Chen, Zhenggang Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pickering emulsions have been widely applied in various fields. In this work, oligomeric amines (2N-C<sub>n</sub>-2N, n = 6, 8, 10) with two secondary and two tertiary amine groups were successfully synthesized. Pickering emulsions were stabilized by using silica nanoparticles and oligomeric amines with an oil-water ratio of 1:1 (v/v). At a fixed silica particle concentration of 0.2 wt%, the minimum concentrations of oligomeric amines 2N-C<sub>n</sub>-2N (n = 6, 8, 10) required to stabilize the emulsion are 0.3, 0.3, and 0.06 mM, respectively, which decrease significantly with increasing spacer chain length. Contact angle experiments revealed that the in situ hydrophobization of nanoparticles was caused by the surface adsorption of amine molecules. Different with the previously reported silica particles modified by oppositely charged surfactants, the major interactions between the oligomeric amines and silica nanoparticles are hydrogen bonds instead of electrostatic attractions. The Pickering emulsion remained stable at 80 °C for at least 72 h without phase separation. In addition, the system exhibits pH responsiveness, and the emulsion can be cycled between demulsification and emulsification state for over 5 times by alternating addition of HCl and NaOH. This work provides a novel approach for the in situ hydrophobization of nanoparticles through hydrogen bonding and can be widely applied in the fields of medicine and cosmetics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100154
Hangyu Chen , Xiaodong Jia , Michael Fairweather , Timothy N. Hunter
This study investigates the influence of hydrophobicity on particle adsorption by examining the behavior of hydrophobized silica particles at air-water interfaces. Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) trough studies of butanol (‘SiO-butane’) and hexanol (‘SiO-hexane’) esterified particles provided contrasting behavior. The SiO-butane particles formed weaker particle layers that underwent partial collapse with compression, leading to formations significantly below hexagonal close-packed estimates. In contrast, the SiO-hexane particles exhibited improved monolayer behavior and longer-range stability. Droplet surface tensions demonstrated that the hydrophobic particles significantly altered the dynamic tension during adsorption, when methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) was added as a co-surfactant. Short-term modeling elucidated the role of diffusion and energy barriers on adsorption dynamics, with SiO-hexane having reduced diffusion coefficients with respect to SiO-butane and unmodified particles. Despite this reduced diffusion, long-term modeling allowed calculation of adsorption coefficients (ka), which for SiO-hexane particles were ∼200 × greater than for unmodified particles at low 0.1 wt% particle concentrations and over 1000 × greater at 2 wt%. Overall, the results provide quantitative insights into the profound influence of hydrophobicity on particle adsorption, particularly in crowded surface environments. Importantly, a diffusion-only mechanism is inadequate to explain adsorption dynamics for these larger colloids and the gravity-driven contribution must be considered in early-stage kinetics.
{"title":"Influence of wettability on diffusion limited nanoparticle adsorption at gas-liquid interfaces","authors":"Hangyu Chen , Xiaodong Jia , Michael Fairweather , Timothy N. Hunter","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of hydrophobicity on particle adsorption by examining the behavior of hydrophobized silica particles at air-water interfaces. Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) trough studies of butanol (‘SiO-butane’) and hexanol (‘SiO-hexane’) esterified particles provided contrasting behavior. The SiO-butane particles formed weaker particle layers that underwent partial collapse with compression, leading to formations significantly below hexagonal close-packed estimates. In contrast, the SiO-hexane particles exhibited improved monolayer behavior and longer-range stability. Droplet surface tensions demonstrated that the hydrophobic particles significantly altered the dynamic tension during adsorption, when methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) was added as a co-surfactant. Short-term modeling elucidated the role of diffusion and energy barriers on adsorption dynamics, with SiO-hexane having reduced diffusion coefficients with respect to SiO-butane and unmodified particles. Despite this reduced diffusion, long-term modeling allowed calculation of adsorption coefficients (<em>k</em><sub><em>a</em></sub>), which for SiO-hexane particles were ∼200 × greater than for unmodified particles at low 0.1 wt% particle concentrations and over 1000 × greater at 2 wt%. Overall, the results provide quantitative insights into the profound influence of hydrophobicity on particle adsorption, particularly in crowded surface environments. Importantly, a diffusion-only mechanism is inadequate to explain adsorption dynamics for these larger colloids and the gravity-driven contribution must be considered in early-stage kinetics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100155
Sri Juari Santosa , Muhammad Hadi , Adhi Dwi Hatmanto , Salwaa Mumtaazah Darmanastri , Eny Kusrini , Khoirina Dwi Nugrahaningtyas , Anwar Usman
A novel eco-friendly method was established to synthesize ultra-small silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-decorated chitosan films with strong antibacterial activity. The AgNPs were produced by reducing AgNO3 with glucose derived from sucrose hydrolysis under alkaline conditions (pH ∼12.06) in a chitosan matrix, yielding spherical particles (∼8.6 nm) at an optimal 1:4 Ag+ to sucrose molar ratio. Mixing the resulting Chit-AgNPs colloid with glycerol in equal volumes produced a biodegradable Chit-AgNPs/G1 film with mechanical properties that meet biodegradable plastic standards. Antibacterial tests against B. subtilis and E. coli revealed that the film exhibited markedly higher efficacy than its precursors and was comparable or even superior to standard controls (amoxicillin and betadine). Overall, the Chit-AgNPs/G1 film demonstrates exceptional antibacterial performance, positioning it as one of the most effective chitosan–AgNP composites reported to date.
{"title":"A novel eco-friendly method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-decorated chitosan film having high antibacterial efficacy","authors":"Sri Juari Santosa , Muhammad Hadi , Adhi Dwi Hatmanto , Salwaa Mumtaazah Darmanastri , Eny Kusrini , Khoirina Dwi Nugrahaningtyas , Anwar Usman","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel eco-friendly method was established to synthesize ultra-small silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-decorated chitosan films with strong antibacterial activity. The AgNPs were produced by reducing AgNO<sub>3</sub> with glucose derived from sucrose hydrolysis under alkaline conditions (pH ∼12.06) in a chitosan matrix, yielding spherical particles (∼8.6 nm) at an optimal 1:4 Ag<sup>+</sup> to sucrose molar ratio. Mixing the resulting Chit-AgNPs colloid with glycerol in equal volumes produced a biodegradable Chit-AgNPs/G1 film with mechanical properties that meet biodegradable plastic standards. Antibacterial tests against <em>B. subtilis</em> and <em>E. coli</em> revealed that the film exhibited markedly higher efficacy than its precursors and was comparable or even superior to standard controls (amoxicillin and betadine). Overall, the Chit-AgNPs/G1 film demonstrates exceptional antibacterial performance, positioning it as one of the most effective chitosan–AgNP composites reported to date.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaolin, a natural clay mineral characterized by its kaolinite layers and silicate structure, exhibits high adsorbent properties, a low specific surface area, exceptional stability, and environmental friendliness. These attributes make kaolinite suitable for a wide range of applications. Conversely, the limited surface hydroxyl groups, low ion exchange capacity, and inability to absorb visible light indicate that pure kaolin or kaolinite is not an effective material for photocatalysis and performs inadequately in other applications. Fortunately, the unique physical and chemical properties of kaolinite render it as a suitable semiconductor carrier. By utilizing kaolin as a carrier, the poor activity, narrow spectral response, and limited electron transport of pure photocatalysts can be addressed, while also restricting the aggregation of nanoparticles. Thus, the usage of pure kaolin/kaolinite as a catalyst and adsorbent demonstrates to improve adsorption and catalytic performance, many modification techniques are now used, such as heat treatment (increases its surface area and porosity), acid modification (boosts the availability of active sites for improved adsorption and catalytic reactions), metal modification (introduces additional active sites), inorganic modification (improve thermal stability and photocatalytic performance), and organic modification (increase hydrophobicity). This review paper offers a structured overview of the use of kaolinite-supported nanocomposites across various applications, including adsorption, photocatalytic pollutant degradation, catalytic degradation, and antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The review also demonstrates the effectiveness and methods of combining nanomaterials with naturally occurring or modified kaolinite, as well as the limitations of kaolinite's present application and the mechanics underlying adsorption, catalytic, photocatalytic techniques and pollutant removal.
{"title":"Nano modified kaolin-based materials and their application: A review","authors":"Kedir Seid Mohammed , Minaleshewa Atlabachew , Getahun Worku Derbie , Biniam Abdu Berhie","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kaolin, a natural clay mineral characterized by its kaolinite layers and silicate structure, exhibits high adsorbent properties, a low specific surface area, exceptional stability, and environmental friendliness. These attributes make kaolinite suitable for a wide range of applications. Conversely, the limited surface hydroxyl groups, low ion exchange capacity, and inability to absorb visible light indicate that pure kaolin or kaolinite is not an effective material for photocatalysis and performs inadequately in other applications. Fortunately, the unique physical and chemical properties of kaolinite render it as a suitable semiconductor carrier. By utilizing kaolin as a carrier, the poor activity, narrow spectral response, and limited electron transport of pure photocatalysts can be addressed, while also restricting the aggregation of nanoparticles. Thus, the usage of pure kaolin/kaolinite as a catalyst and adsorbent demonstrates to improve adsorption and catalytic performance, many modification techniques are now used, such as heat treatment (increases its surface area and porosity), acid modification (boosts the availability of active sites for improved adsorption and catalytic reactions), metal modification (introduces additional active sites), inorganic modification (improve thermal stability and photocatalytic performance), and organic modification (increase hydrophobicity). This review paper offers a structured overview of the use of kaolinite-supported nanocomposites across various applications, including adsorption, photocatalytic pollutant degradation, catalytic degradation, and antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The review also demonstrates the effectiveness and methods of combining nanomaterials with naturally occurring or modified kaolinite, as well as the limitations of kaolinite's present application and the mechanics underlying adsorption, catalytic, photocatalytic techniques and pollutant removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100160
Krassimir D. Danov , Gergana M. Radulova , Jordan T. Petkov , Yee Wei Ung
The shear rheology of linear wormlike micellar solutions (WMSs) is described by both Poisson renewal (PRM) and shuffling (SFM) models with different values of the model parameters. For low shear strains and rates of strains, the micellar solutions behave as a Maxwellian body with constant elasticity and viscosity. The excellent description of experimental data in the literature using PRM or SFM suggests that both models predict identical dependencies of the dynamic storage and loss moduli on the frequency of oscillations. It is shown in the literature, that the PRM becomes equivalent to the SFM, when the breaking time is constant, τbr, and the characteristic reptation time, τrep, is equal to π2τd0, where τd0 is the reptation time evaluated with respect to the average length of the chain. Three independent rheological tests (apparent viscosity vs shear rate, stress vs strain at constant shear rates, strain oscillations at low amplitudes and different frequencies) are applied to low, medium, and high zero-shear viscosity WMSs to obtain the PRM and SFM model parameters (elasticity, viscosity, relaxation, breaking, and reptation times). The known closed-form analytical expression for the Laplace image of the stress relaxation function and the respective infinite series for the complex modulus give possibility for the reported here precise systematic calculations of the storage and elastic moduli, the crossover frequency, and the elasticity for all values of ζbr = τbr/τrep ≤ 100. The predictions of the PRM length-dependent breaking-time versions are indistinguishable from those of the SFM for the obtained universal dependencies of the characteristic time, τB0, on ζbr. The applicability of the Vasquez–Cook–McKinley and the single-mode Oldroyd 8-constant models to describe the rheological behavior of WMSs is tested. The theoretical findings and conclusions are confirmed experimentally and illustrate the self-consistency of the used rheological regimes.
{"title":"On the rheology of linear wormlike micellar solutions","authors":"Krassimir D. Danov , Gergana M. Radulova , Jordan T. Petkov , Yee Wei Ung","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shear rheology of linear wormlike micellar solutions (WMSs) is described by both Poisson renewal (PRM) and shuffling (SFM) models with different values of the model parameters. For low shear strains and rates of strains, the micellar solutions behave as a Maxwellian body with constant elasticity and viscosity. The excellent description of experimental data in the literature using PRM or SFM suggests that both models predict identical dependencies of the dynamic storage and loss moduli on the frequency of oscillations. It is shown in the literature, that the PRM becomes equivalent to the SFM, when the breaking time is constant, <em>τ</em><sub>br</sub>, and the characteristic reptation time, <em>τ</em><sub>rep</sub>, is equal to <em>π</em><sup>2</sup><em>τ</em><sub>d0</sub>, where <em>τ</em><sub>d0</sub> is the reptation time evaluated with respect to the average length of the chain. Three independent rheological tests (apparent viscosity vs shear rate, stress vs strain at constant shear rates, strain oscillations at low amplitudes and different frequencies) are applied to low, medium, and high zero-shear viscosity WMSs to obtain the PRM and SFM model parameters (elasticity, viscosity, relaxation, breaking, and reptation times). The known closed-form analytical expression for the Laplace image of the stress relaxation function and the respective infinite series for the complex modulus give possibility for the reported here precise systematic calculations of the storage and elastic moduli, the crossover frequency, and the elasticity for all values of <em>ζ</em><sub>br</sub> = <em>τ</em><sub>br</sub>/<em>τ</em><sub>rep</sub> ≤ 100. The predictions of the PRM length-dependent breaking-time versions are indistinguishable from those of the SFM for the obtained universal dependencies of the characteristic time, <em>τ</em><sub>B0</sub>, on <em>ζ</em><sub>br</sub>. The applicability of the Vasquez–Cook–McKinley and the single-mode Oldroyd 8-constant models to describe the rheological behavior of WMSs is tested. The theoretical findings and conclusions are confirmed experimentally and illustrate the self-consistency of the used rheological regimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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