Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100169
Dayana Arakelyan , Diana Abisheva , Kuralay Rustembekkyzy , Takhmina Kerim , Timur Sh Atabaev
This study explores the synthesis of flake-like CuO structures via a hydrothermal route and examines their applicability in wastewater treatment through model dye degradation and in hydrogen evolution boosting via catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH4. Under optimized conditions, involving low CuO dosage and minimal H2O2 addition, nearly complete removal of Methylene blue (MB) dye (Co = 3 × 10−5 M) was observed within 30 min with apparent constant rate of k = 0.1124 min−1. The prepared flake-like CuO structures exhibit significant promise for wastewater treatment owing to their low production cost, efficient performance with minimal CuO and H2O2 input, excellent recyclability, and enhanced apparent rate constant as compared to other CuO-based photocatalysts. Furthermore, the introduction even of a small amount of CuO flake-like structures significantly enhanced the H2 evolution efficiency during the catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH4. Overall, the prepared CuO flake-like structures exhibit excellent potential for wastewater photocatalytic treatment and for improved hydrogen evolution via sodium borohydride hydrolysis.
{"title":"Hydrothermal synthesis of CuO flake-like structures for efficient degradation of model pollutant dye under solar light illumination and improved hydrogen evolution via catalytic NaBH4 hydrolysis","authors":"Dayana Arakelyan , Diana Abisheva , Kuralay Rustembekkyzy , Takhmina Kerim , Timur Sh Atabaev","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the synthesis of flake-like CuO structures via a hydrothermal route and examines their applicability in wastewater treatment through model dye degradation and in hydrogen evolution boosting via catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH<sub>4</sub>. Under optimized conditions, involving low CuO dosage and minimal H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> addition, nearly complete removal of Methylene blue (MB) dye (C<sub>o</sub> = 3 × 10<sup>−5</sup> M) was observed within 30 min with apparent constant rate of k = 0.1124 min<sup>−1</sup>. The prepared flake-like CuO structures exhibit significant promise for wastewater treatment owing to their low production cost, efficient performance with minimal CuO and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> input, excellent recyclability, and enhanced apparent rate constant as compared to other CuO-based photocatalysts. Furthermore, the introduction even of a small amount of CuO flake-like structures significantly enhanced the H<sub>2</sub> evolution efficiency during the catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH<sub>4</sub>. Overall, the prepared CuO flake-like structures exhibit excellent potential for wastewater photocatalytic treatment and for improved hydrogen evolution via sodium borohydride hydrolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100168
Mehmet Melikoglu
Biosurfactants, microbial-derived surface-active molecules, present a sustainable and effective alternative to synthetic chemicals in the petroleum industry. This review examines their multifaceted roles in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and bioremediation of environments contaminated by crude oil and its refined fractions. In EOR, biosurfactants significantly reduce interfacial tension and alter wettability, enhancing oil mobilization as demonstrated by laboratory-scale core flooding (e.g., 31–44 % additional oil recovery) and micromodel studies. Their integration with nanoparticles and polymers further boosts recovery efficiency, with peak performance reaching up to 95.1 % oil recovery. For bioremediation, biosurfactants increase hydrocarbon bioavailability, accelerating the degradation of various petroleum compounds in soil and water. Research shows impressive biodegradation rates, with some consortia achieving over 95 % crude oil degradation, resulting in a reliable mean degradation/removal rate of 92.3 % across reported studies analyzed in this study. Production advancements focus on cost-effective, sustainable feedstocks like agricultural and industrial wastes, optimizing fermentation processes, and developing efficient downstream recovery methods. Detailed characterization efforts, supported by advanced analytical and computational tools (e.g., molecular dynamics simulations), are deepening the understanding of biosurfactant properties, stability under harsh conditions, and precise mechanisms of action. Despite significant progress, future research must address scaling up production for industrial application, validating performance in complex, real-world reservoir and environmental settings, and thoroughly elucidating molecular-level structure-function relationships for rational design. Integrating biosurfactant technology into holistic, circular economy models for pollution management represents a crucial step towards a more sustainable petroleum sector.
{"title":"Biosurfactants for enhanced oil recovery and bioremediation in the modern petroleum industry: A global review","authors":"Mehmet Melikoglu","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biosurfactants, microbial-derived surface-active molecules, present a sustainable and effective alternative to synthetic chemicals in the petroleum industry. This review examines their multifaceted roles in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and bioremediation of environments contaminated by crude oil and its refined fractions. In EOR, biosurfactants significantly reduce interfacial tension and alter wettability, enhancing oil mobilization as demonstrated by laboratory-scale core flooding (e.g., 31–44 % additional oil recovery) and micromodel studies. Their integration with nanoparticles and polymers further boosts recovery efficiency, with peak performance reaching up to 95.1 % oil recovery. For bioremediation, biosurfactants increase hydrocarbon bioavailability, accelerating the degradation of various petroleum compounds in soil and water. Research shows impressive biodegradation rates, with some consortia achieving over 95 % crude oil degradation, resulting in a reliable mean degradation/removal rate of 92.3 % across reported studies analyzed in this study. Production advancements focus on cost-effective, sustainable feedstocks like agricultural and industrial wastes, optimizing fermentation processes, and developing efficient downstream recovery methods. Detailed characterization efforts, supported by advanced analytical and computational tools (e.g., molecular dynamics simulations), are deepening the understanding of biosurfactant properties, stability under harsh conditions, and precise mechanisms of action. Despite significant progress, future research must address scaling up production for industrial application, validating performance in complex, real-world reservoir and environmental settings, and thoroughly elucidating molecular-level structure-function relationships for rational design. Integrating biosurfactant technology into holistic, circular economy models for pollution management represents a crucial step towards a more sustainable petroleum sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100167
Sourav Ganguly, Tanishq Khurana, Kiran Raj
Janus colloids, distinguished by their structural anisotropy and contrasting physicochemical characteristics, have emerged as a robust and versatile platform in the realm of therapeutic sciences, particularly in the domain of targeted drug delivery. Their unique structural asymmetry enables directional interactions, compartmentalized loading, and programmable responsiveness, which are critical features for multifunctional therapeutic applications. This review presents an in-depth overview of Janus colloidal particle synthesis, with a particular emphasis on microfluidic fabrication techniques that offer exceptional control, scalability, and reproducibility. We begin by outlining the foundational principles underlying Janus particle design, followed by an in-depth discussion of key microfluidic strategies such as the co-flowing approach, electrokinetic co-jetting technique, etc. These methods are critically compared in terms of their ability to engineer particle morphology, spatial material distribution, and interfacial properties. In addition, modelling and simulation approaches for Janus particle fabrication are discussed to provide a theoretical perspective complementing experimental advances. The review then examines recent advances in drug delivery, highlighting the utility of Janus systems for controlled release, synergistic co-delivery, and site-specific targeting. By integrating multiple functionalities into a single carrier, Janus microparticles address longstanding challenges in therapeutic delivery. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and highlight future directions grounded in these, with the hope that this contribution will help inform researchers and further advance the fabrication strategies of Janus colloids-based drug delivery systems.
{"title":"Synthesis of Janus colloids: A comprehensive review with emphasis on microfluidic approaches and drug delivery applications","authors":"Sourav Ganguly, Tanishq Khurana, Kiran Raj","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Janus colloids, distinguished by their structural anisotropy and contrasting physicochemical characteristics, have emerged as a robust and versatile platform in the realm of therapeutic sciences, particularly in the domain of targeted drug delivery. Their unique structural asymmetry enables directional interactions, compartmentalized loading, and programmable responsiveness, which are critical features for multifunctional therapeutic applications. This review presents an in-depth overview of Janus colloidal particle synthesis, with a particular emphasis on microfluidic fabrication techniques that offer exceptional control, scalability, and reproducibility. We begin by outlining the foundational principles underlying Janus particle design, followed by an in-depth discussion of key microfluidic strategies such as the co-flowing approach, electrokinetic co-jetting technique, etc. These methods are critically compared in terms of their ability to engineer particle morphology, spatial material distribution, and interfacial properties. In addition, modelling and simulation approaches for Janus particle fabrication are discussed to provide a theoretical perspective complementing experimental advances. The review then examines recent advances in drug delivery, highlighting the utility of Janus systems for controlled release, synergistic co-delivery, and site-specific targeting. By integrating multiple functionalities into a single carrier, Janus microparticles address longstanding challenges in therapeutic delivery. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and highlight future directions grounded in these, with the hope that this contribution will help inform researchers and further advance the fabrication strategies of Janus colloids-based drug delivery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100165
Yendry Regina Corrales Ureña , Ingo Lieberwirth , Paul-Ludwig Michael Noeske , Frandy Arroyo Vargas , Diego Batista Menezes , Reinaldo Pereira-Reyes , José Roberto Vega-Baudrit
Nature has evolved sophisticated surface architectures to achieve non-wettability and self-cleaning performance under challenging environmental conditions. In this study, we elucidate the multiscale chemical and structural mechanisms underlying the exceptional water-repellent and anti-adhesive properties of the velvet worm Epiperipatus biolleyi. By integrating cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiling, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and contact angle measurements, we reveal a synergistic system composed of hierarchical micropapillae bearing overhanging tiptop scales and surrounded by nanowrinkles. We further show that the cuticle is biomineralized with calcium–magnesium carbonate phases beneath a waxy organic layer. This multiscale architecture yields water contact angles exceeding 130° and sustains a persistent, plastron-like gas layer upon immersion. The presence of overhanging scales with re-entrant curvature (ψ ≈ 34°), together with the surrounding nanowrinkles, inhibits wetting even under pressures higher than atmospheric pressure, as supported by COMSOL Multiphysics 2D simulations. The waxy layers that coat the micro- and nanostructures—composed primarily of long-chain fatty acid amides and fatty acids—further enhance the anti-adhesive behavior. This study also provides the first evidence in Onychophora of extensive cuticular biomineralization, where carbonate dissolution can locally liberate CO2, contributing to the formation and maintenance of a protective gas plastron around the microstructures. Together, these findings demonstrate that the integration of hierarchical micro- and nanostructures, a biomineralized cuticle, and a biochemical surface coating is essential to the unique anti-adhesive properties of E. biolleyi, underscoring its potential as a model for designing biomimetic, low-adhesion surface technologies.
{"title":"Key features enabling water repellency in velvet worm skin: Overhanging scales and carbonate-wax synergy","authors":"Yendry Regina Corrales Ureña , Ingo Lieberwirth , Paul-Ludwig Michael Noeske , Frandy Arroyo Vargas , Diego Batista Menezes , Reinaldo Pereira-Reyes , José Roberto Vega-Baudrit","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nature has evolved sophisticated surface architectures to achieve non-wettability and self-cleaning performance under challenging environmental conditions. In this study, we elucidate the multiscale chemical and structural mechanisms underlying the exceptional water-repellent and anti-adhesive properties of the velvet worm <em>Epiperipatus biolleyi</em>. By integrating cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiling, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and contact angle measurements, we reveal a synergistic system composed of hierarchical micropapillae bearing overhanging tiptop scales and surrounded by nanowrinkles. We further show that the cuticle is biomineralized with calcium–magnesium carbonate phases beneath a waxy organic layer. This multiscale architecture yields water contact angles exceeding 130° and sustains a persistent, plastron-like gas layer upon immersion. The presence of overhanging scales with re-entrant curvature (ψ ≈ 34°), together with the surrounding nanowrinkles, inhibits wetting even under pressures higher than atmospheric pressure, as supported by COMSOL Multiphysics 2D simulations. The waxy layers that coat the micro- and nanostructures—composed primarily of long-chain fatty acid amides and fatty acids—further enhance the anti-adhesive behavior. This study also provides the first evidence in Onychophora of extensive cuticular biomineralization, where carbonate dissolution can locally liberate CO<sub>2</sub>, contributing to the formation and maintenance of a protective gas plastron around the microstructures. Together, these findings demonstrate that the integration of hierarchical micro- and nanostructures, a biomineralized cuticle, and a biochemical surface coating is essential to the unique anti-adhesive properties of <em>E. biolleyi</em>, underscoring its potential as a model for designing biomimetic, low-adhesion surface technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100166
Ivon Y. Calibio Giraldo , Fiorela Ghilini , Eduardo Prieto , Carolina Díaz , Patricia L. Schilardi
Protein self-assembly at interfaces provides a versatile strategy to engineer functional coatings with applications spanning nanomedicine and advanced materials. Medical tubing-associated infections remain a critical healthcare challenge, driven by biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance. We present a simple and scalable strategy to address this problem using bovine serum albumin (BSA) amyloid-like coatings applied to polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a widely used biomaterial and glass, as model surface. The coatings were formed by controlled disulfide reduction with dithiothreitol (DTT), yielding robust, adherent films stable under aqueous and mechanical stress. In contrast to earlier syntheses with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), the DTT-based method provides a safer, low-cost route that preserves the physicochemical and anti-biofouling properties of the coatings.
Physicochemical characterization revealed that the coatings altered wettability, nanoscale roughness, and interfacial chemistry, resulting in strong suppression of both bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus) and mammalian cell adhesion. Importantly, the anti-adhesive properties originated from the chemical nature of the amyloid aggregates rather than topography alone, emphasizing the role of molecular interactions in modulating cell–surface behavior. While coatings alone suppressed bacterial colonization, residual loads approached infection-risk thresholds; combining the coatings with vancomycin at one-eigth the minimum inhibitory concentration achieved complete eradication of sessile and planktonic bacteria. The observed synergy illustrates that functional protein films serve as interfacial coadjuvants, enhancing antibiotic action while minimizing dosage, thereby limiting the development of resistance. Consequently, amyloid aggregates represent a class of self-assembled nanostructures that connect fundamental colloid and interface science with practical biomedical applications.
{"title":"Functional protein films as interfacial coadjuvants: A synergistic strategy to enhance antibiotic efficacy and suppress biofilms","authors":"Ivon Y. Calibio Giraldo , Fiorela Ghilini , Eduardo Prieto , Carolina Díaz , Patricia L. Schilardi","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protein self-assembly at interfaces provides a versatile strategy to engineer functional coatings with applications spanning nanomedicine and advanced materials. Medical tubing-associated infections remain a critical healthcare challenge, driven by biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance. We present a simple and scalable strategy to address this problem using bovine serum albumin (BSA) amyloid-like coatings applied to polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a widely used biomaterial and glass, as model surface. The coatings were formed by controlled disulfide reduction with dithiothreitol (DTT), yielding robust, adherent films stable under aqueous and mechanical stress. In contrast to earlier syntheses with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), the DTT-based method provides a safer, low-cost route that preserves the physicochemical and anti-biofouling properties of the coatings.</div><div>Physicochemical characterization revealed that the coatings altered wettability, nanoscale roughness, and interfacial chemistry, resulting in strong suppression of both bacterial (<em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>) and mammalian cell adhesion. Importantly, the anti-adhesive properties originated from the chemical nature of the amyloid aggregates rather than topography alone, emphasizing the role of molecular interactions in modulating cell–surface behavior. While coatings alone suppressed bacterial colonization, residual loads approached infection-risk thresholds; combining the coatings with vancomycin at one-eigth the minimum inhibitory concentration achieved complete eradication of sessile and planktonic bacteria. The observed synergy illustrates that functional protein films serve as interfacial coadjuvants, enhancing antibiotic action while minimizing dosage, thereby limiting the development of resistance. Consequently, amyloid aggregates represent a class of self-assembled nanostructures that connect fundamental colloid and interface science with practical biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The commercial world has made significant progress in lithium-based battery technology over the past three decades. The history of lithium-based batteries spans a lengthy timeline of substantial innovations and setbacks, beginning with the first lithium-metal anodes and continuing to the current generation of commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This review records the historical evolution of lithium-based batteries, from early lithium-metal prototypes hindered by dendrite formation and safety concerns to the commercialization of LIBs in 1991. We will also investigate the significant contribution that material science has made to the development of LIBs. Due to advances in LIB research and the numerous materials under investigation, several subfields of materials science have attracted varying degrees of research focus. Initial research into lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) mainly concentrated on solid-state physics as the primary area of interest. However, in the latter half of the 20th century, researchers focused on studying the morphological features of electrode materials. These properties included surface coating, porosity, size, and form. That helps identify the specific anode and cathode materials that will be compatible with future generations of batteries. To provide a comprehensive picture of LIB's development over history, this analysis will also offer an in-depth explanation of the circumstances that have driven the numerous technological advances.
{"title":"Historical perspective in technological advances in lithium-ion battery development","authors":"Rajasekar Krishnan , Vinitha Packirisamy , Deva Palani , Rajabhuvaneswari Ariyamuthu","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The commercial world has made significant progress in lithium-based battery technology over the past three decades. The history of lithium-based batteries spans a lengthy timeline of substantial innovations and setbacks, beginning with the first lithium-metal anodes and continuing to the current generation of commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This review records the historical evolution of lithium-based batteries, from early lithium-metal prototypes hindered by dendrite formation and safety concerns to the commercialization of LIBs in 1991. We will also investigate the significant contribution that material science has made to the development of LIBs. Due to advances in LIB research and the numerous materials under investigation, several subfields of materials science have attracted varying degrees of research focus. Initial research into lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) mainly concentrated on solid-state physics as the primary area of interest. However, in the latter half of the 20th century, researchers focused on studying the morphological features of electrode materials. These properties included surface coating, porosity, size, and form. That helps identify the specific anode and cathode materials that will be compatible with future generations of batteries. To provide a comprehensive picture of LIB's development over history, this analysis will also offer an in-depth explanation of the circumstances that have driven the numerous technological advances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100162
Joshua Lommes , Volkmar Stenzel , Andreas Hartwig
One effective strategy to improve the barrier performance of polymeric coating layers is the incorporation of layered silicate particles. This study investigates how the drying technology of silicates—specifically freeze-drying versus oven-drying—affects the permeation properties of the coatings. Modified layered silicates, prepared using both drying methods, are incorporated in varying amounts into polyimide coatings. The arrangement, orientation, and exfoliation of the particles are analysed using SEM. Results indicate that a higher proportion of layered silicates enhances the tortuosity of the diffusion pathway, thereby reducing permeability. Furthermore, permeation measurements of oxygen and water vapor, along with the calculated activation energies, reveal distinct differences in the permeation mechanisms of these gases through the coating films, highlighting the significant impact of the drying method on the barrier properties of the coatings.
{"title":"Permeation mechanism of gas molecules through polyimide barrier coatings with freeze- and oven-dried modified layered silicates","authors":"Joshua Lommes , Volkmar Stenzel , Andreas Hartwig","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One effective strategy to improve the barrier performance of polymeric coating layers is the incorporation of layered silicate particles. This study investigates how the drying technology of silicates—specifically freeze-drying versus oven-drying—affects the permeation properties of the coatings. Modified layered silicates, prepared using both drying methods, are incorporated in varying amounts into polyimide coatings. The arrangement, orientation, and exfoliation of the particles are analysed using SEM. Results indicate that a higher proportion of layered silicates enhances the tortuosity of the diffusion pathway, thereby reducing permeability. Furthermore, permeation measurements of oxygen and water vapor, along with the calculated activation energies, reveal distinct differences in the permeation mechanisms of these gases through the coating films, highlighting the significant impact of the drying method on the barrier properties of the coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100161
Sohyun Ahn , Siddhi Kulkarni , Suvarna Patil , Urs A. Peuker , Martin Rudolph
As green hydrogen production via proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMELs) continues to scale up, the development of effective recycling processes for end-of-life components is becoming increasingly important. In PEMELs, ultrafine catalyst particles exhibit significant differences in hydrophobicity, which serve as a basis for selective separation. In this study, two separation techniques based on hydrophobicity differences (liquid–liquid particle separation and emulsion-based froth flotation) were proposed for particle recovery. Since catalyst inks contain amphiphilic ionomers as binders in addition to the particles, their influence on wettability-based separation was investigated. To clarify this effect, we investigated the physicochemical characteristics of ionomer-coated particles. Key parameters such as particle size, surface area (BET), and zeta potential were measured, and their impact on wettability was assessed. The results show that ionomer adsorption leads to a notable reduction in the hydrophobicity contrast, thereby hindering their selective separation. To address this issue, a dispersant was introduced to both separation processes. This addition improved the recovery performance, under conditions where the hydrophobicity difference was reduced (LLPS: recovery increased from 10 % to 70 %, froth flotation: approx. 15 % improvement). Although the addition of dispersants improved the recovery performance, the separation efficiency remained lower than that observed under ionomer-free conditions (over 95 % of recoveries in both processes). The findings highlight the complex interactions between particles, ionomers, and reagents in dispersion systems. Further investigation into these interactions is necessary to develop more robust and scalable recycling strategies. A deeper understanding of the physicochemical mechanisms will provide valuable insight into the design of selective separation processes for catalyst recovery in PEMEL systems.
{"title":"Wettability based separation of ionomer-containing ultrafine particles for PEM water electrolyzer recycling","authors":"Sohyun Ahn , Siddhi Kulkarni , Suvarna Patil , Urs A. Peuker , Martin Rudolph","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As green hydrogen production via proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMELs) continues to scale up, the development of effective recycling processes for end-of-life components is becoming increasingly important. In PEMELs, ultrafine catalyst particles exhibit significant differences in hydrophobicity, which serve as a basis for selective separation. In this study, two separation techniques based on hydrophobicity differences (liquid–liquid particle separation and emulsion-based froth flotation) were proposed for particle recovery. Since catalyst inks contain amphiphilic ionomers as binders in addition to the particles, their influence on wettability-based separation was investigated. To clarify this effect, we investigated the physicochemical characteristics of ionomer-coated particles. Key parameters such as particle size, surface area (BET), and zeta potential were measured, and their impact on wettability was assessed. The results show that ionomer adsorption leads to a notable reduction in the hydrophobicity contrast, thereby hindering their selective separation. To address this issue, a dispersant was introduced to both separation processes. This addition improved the recovery performance, under conditions where the hydrophobicity difference was reduced (LLPS: recovery increased from 10 % to 70 %, froth flotation: approx. 15 % improvement). Although the addition of dispersants improved the recovery performance, the separation efficiency remained lower than that observed under ionomer-free conditions (over 95 % of recoveries in both processes). The findings highlight the complex interactions between particles, ionomers, and reagents in dispersion systems. Further investigation into these interactions is necessary to develop more robust and scalable recycling strategies. A deeper understanding of the physicochemical mechanisms will provide valuable insight into the design of selective separation processes for catalyst recovery in PEMEL systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100160
Krassimir D. Danov , Gergana M. Radulova , Jordan T. Petkov , Yee Wei Ung
The shear rheology of linear wormlike micellar solutions (WMSs) is described by both Poisson renewal (PRM) and shuffling (SFM) models with different values of the model parameters. For low shear strains and rates of strains, the micellar solutions behave as a Maxwellian body with constant elasticity and viscosity. The excellent description of experimental data in the literature using PRM or SFM suggests that both models predict identical dependencies of the dynamic storage and loss moduli on the frequency of oscillations. It is shown in the literature, that the PRM becomes equivalent to the SFM, when the breaking time is constant, τbr, and the characteristic reptation time, τrep, is equal to π2τd0, where τd0 is the reptation time evaluated with respect to the average length of the chain. Three independent rheological tests (apparent viscosity vs shear rate, stress vs strain at constant shear rates, strain oscillations at low amplitudes and different frequencies) are applied to low, medium, and high zero-shear viscosity WMSs to obtain the PRM and SFM model parameters (elasticity, viscosity, relaxation, breaking, and reptation times). The known closed-form analytical expression for the Laplace image of the stress relaxation function and the respective infinite series for the complex modulus give possibility for the reported here precise systematic calculations of the storage and elastic moduli, the crossover frequency, and the elasticity for all values of ζbr = τbr/τrep ≤ 100. The predictions of the PRM length-dependent breaking-time versions are indistinguishable from those of the SFM for the obtained universal dependencies of the characteristic time, τB0, on ζbr. The applicability of the Vasquez–Cook–McKinley and the single-mode Oldroyd 8-constant models to describe the rheological behavior of WMSs is tested. The theoretical findings and conclusions are confirmed experimentally and illustrate the self-consistency of the used rheological regimes.
{"title":"On the rheology of linear wormlike micellar solutions","authors":"Krassimir D. Danov , Gergana M. Radulova , Jordan T. Petkov , Yee Wei Ung","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shear rheology of linear wormlike micellar solutions (WMSs) is described by both Poisson renewal (PRM) and shuffling (SFM) models with different values of the model parameters. For low shear strains and rates of strains, the micellar solutions behave as a Maxwellian body with constant elasticity and viscosity. The excellent description of experimental data in the literature using PRM or SFM suggests that both models predict identical dependencies of the dynamic storage and loss moduli on the frequency of oscillations. It is shown in the literature, that the PRM becomes equivalent to the SFM, when the breaking time is constant, <em>τ</em><sub>br</sub>, and the characteristic reptation time, <em>τ</em><sub>rep</sub>, is equal to <em>π</em><sup>2</sup><em>τ</em><sub>d0</sub>, where <em>τ</em><sub>d0</sub> is the reptation time evaluated with respect to the average length of the chain. Three independent rheological tests (apparent viscosity vs shear rate, stress vs strain at constant shear rates, strain oscillations at low amplitudes and different frequencies) are applied to low, medium, and high zero-shear viscosity WMSs to obtain the PRM and SFM model parameters (elasticity, viscosity, relaxation, breaking, and reptation times). The known closed-form analytical expression for the Laplace image of the stress relaxation function and the respective infinite series for the complex modulus give possibility for the reported here precise systematic calculations of the storage and elastic moduli, the crossover frequency, and the elasticity for all values of <em>ζ</em><sub>br</sub> = <em>τ</em><sub>br</sub>/<em>τ</em><sub>rep</sub> ≤ 100. The predictions of the PRM length-dependent breaking-time versions are indistinguishable from those of the SFM for the obtained universal dependencies of the characteristic time, <em>τ</em><sub>B0</sub>, on <em>ζ</em><sub>br</sub>. The applicability of the Vasquez–Cook–McKinley and the single-mode Oldroyd 8-constant models to describe the rheological behavior of WMSs is tested. The theoretical findings and conclusions are confirmed experimentally and illustrate the self-consistency of the used rheological regimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaterite, one of the calcium carbonate polymorphs, has been widely used as a bone-filling material, an efficient template for drug delivery, and pulp capping. However, vaterite is thermodynamically unstable and easily transformed into more stable polymorphs, namely calcite and aragonite. Carbonation is one common method to produce vaterite, yet it is hard to produce pure vaterite. In the present study, water and different types of alcohol (methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-propanol) were employed as solvents to synthesize high-purity nanovaterite. Interestingly, only methanol produced pure vaterite with crystallite and particle sizes of 16.24 and 2327 nm, respectively. While ethanol produced a mixture of vaterite and calcite, other solvents produced pure calcites with different sizes. For the first time, methanol solvent assisted vaterite production from Palimanan's natural limestone. The prepared vaterite from natural limestone exhibited a large pore size (43.30 nm) with crystallite and particle sizes of 18.06 and 1202 nm, respectively.
{"title":"Alcohol-assisted vaterite nanoparticles production from Palimanan natural limestone via carbonation method","authors":"Ria Fitria Pryliana , Ainul Maghfirah , Grandprix T.M. Kadja","doi":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jciso.2025.100159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vaterite, one of the calcium carbonate polymorphs, has been widely used as a bone-filling material, an efficient template for drug delivery, and pulp capping. However, vaterite is thermodynamically unstable and easily transformed into more stable polymorphs, namely calcite and aragonite. Carbonation is one common method to produce vaterite, yet it is hard to produce pure vaterite. In the present study, water and different types of alcohol (methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-propanol) were employed as solvents to synthesize high-purity nanovaterite. Interestingly, only methanol produced pure vaterite with crystallite and particle sizes of 16.24 and 2327 nm, respectively. While ethanol produced a mixture of vaterite and calcite, other solvents produced pure calcites with different sizes. For the first time, methanol solvent assisted vaterite production from Palimanan's natural limestone. The prepared vaterite from natural limestone exhibited a large pore size (43.30 nm) with crystallite and particle sizes of 18.06 and 1202 nm, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73541,"journal":{"name":"JCIS open","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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