Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences最新文献

The car manufacturers continue their offer of mobility services around a customer who is no longer only owner of a vehicle but also simple temporary user. To improve the customer experience, we need to identify the real driver by using decentralized identity on the blockchain, coupled with a biometric system.In this article, based on the experience of a concrete project, we have evaluated the several biometrical methods for capturing information and their reliability in the automotive industry. We will share the lesson learned and the remaining tasks. This elegant means of identifying and exchanging data across customer journeys will open new opportunities between stakeholders. This collaborative co-creation will constitute a digital transformation in the interactions within an ecosystem.

The use of blockchain technology seems particularly relevant to meet cybersecurity needs in the digital health sector such as : secure exchange and sharing of health data, early detection of vulnerabilities in information systems and medical connected devices, protecting the integrity of medical research. Blockchain will also enable dynamic risk assessment specific to the health sector and cyber insurance focus analysis, and provides an infrastructure for virtual reality, augmented reality and the metaverse in health where new applications, for patients, health professionals and the world of research will emerge.

For a long time, telecommuting was an atypical and little-used form of work organization. But the health crisis has changed all that. The rise of telecommuting has led to a radical transformation of the professional landscape. Its impact on the health of teleworkers is both major and little-known. In particular, the psychosocial risks induced by this work organization are difficult to grasp. What’s more, the law applicable to the protection of health in the workplace has not been adapted. All these circumstances call into question the need to create a common set of rules specific to telecommuting.

The impact of climate change on PDO and PGI production can provide an excellent laboratory for verifying precisely whether, and to what extent, climate risks are perceived in a sector so closely linked to territories and climate; whether climate change requires a modification of the agricultural production model and the legal model to enable production to adapt to climate risks and sustainability requirements, particularly in the light of new « sui generis » human rights such as biocultural rights.

The digital advertising environment influences children’s food choices in a context of over-representation of fatty, sweet and salty products. Restricting this influence proves complex, given the variety and novelty of the marketing techniques used, subject to legal regimes that combine traditional branches of market law with new rules specific to the digital environment. Despite the assertion of children’s rights in relation to the digital environment, minors and their health are not sufficiently protected. Few rules exist (ban on concealed advertising, health messages, targeting of children’s advertising, etc.), and none really limits children’s exposure to digital advertising for nutritionally unbalanced foods.

The organization of work through the remote practice of professional activity maintains a strong link with the notion of workload, given the implications that can be generated in terms of duration, work intensification and therefore overload for the teleworker. The legal mobilization of this notion is developing with the very expansion of the practice of telecommuting. Under the banner of the employer’s general safety obligation, case law and legislation are likely to evolve (by reinforcing the obligation to control and monitor workloads), as is the case with the « forfait en jours » system, another flexible work organization method.

The shift from electronic identification to digital identity is indicative of a shift in the spirit of the European texts. Whereas the legislator had thought of a purely technical identification process in 2014, in 2021 it is focusing on the role of the individual. The individual must be at the heart of the decision-making process as soon as data relating to his or her identity are concerned. In this sense, identity must now be self-sovereign. To achieve this, blockchain appears to be a particularly suitable technology. For this reason, it is being pushed by the European institutions and is included in the regulations currently being discussed at EU level. However, the appropriateness of its adoption deserves to be questioned.

After being enthusiastic, insurers are now increasingly reluctant to exploit the blockchain. The innovative technology promising a better customer relationship and a reduction in fraud associated with automated contract management seems promising. That is the reason why it is interesting to confront blockchain technology with insurance requirements. Thus, the contribution, without wanting to be exhaustive of the various difficulties generated by the blockchain, proposes to highlight some of them by targeting in turn the insurance of property, liability or even of person. The problems, mainly of a technical nature, could justify a temporary withdrawal from the insurance market in view of the advantages presented by the use of these technologies.

Smart contracts, which are computer programmes that run automatically when pre-programmed conditions are met, will impact the contractual process, especially when their development focuses on the contract formation phase. The use of digital oracles, which transmit information from the real world to the digital world, to trigger the application of the smart contract may degrade the quality of consent, replacing it with mere assent.