Pub Date : 2021-10-19DOI: 10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-4
K. Muradian, V. Fraifeld
Abstract. Cells and tissues sense and respond to hypercapnia by global activation or down-regulation of hundreds of genes and switching on/off a number of signaling and metabolic pathways. We hypothesize for the first time that such complex rearrangements are hardly possible without subtle guidance by a specific master regulator which we suggest to name hypercapnia-inducible factor (HcIF). Whether there are structural and functional similarities between HcIF and HIF remain to be elucidated. However, there are reasons to believe that, as master genes, HcIF and HIF can cooperate or compete depending on the situation. Only further research will warrant existence of HcIF as a molecular master regulator of the response to hypercapnia. Key words: hypercapnia, hypoxia, gene expression, aging
{"title":"Hypercapnia-inducible factor: a hypothesis","authors":"K. Muradian, V. Fraifeld","doi":"10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Cells and tissues sense and respond to hypercapnia by global activation or down-regulation of hundreds of genes and switching on/off a number of signaling and metabolic pathways. We hypothesize for the first time that such complex rearrangements are hardly possible without subtle guidance by a specific master regulator which we suggest to name hypercapnia-inducible factor (HcIF). Whether there are structural and functional similarities between HcIF and HIF remain to be elucidated. However, there are reasons to believe that, as master genes, HcIF and HIF can cooperate or compete depending on the situation. Only further research will warrant existence of HcIF as a molecular master regulator of the response to hypercapnia.\u0000\u0000Key words: hypercapnia, hypoxia, gene expression, aging","PeriodicalId":73588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ageing and longevity","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88495817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-18DOI: 10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-3
L. Bodretska, I. Shapovalenko, I. Antonyuk-Shcheglova, O. Bondarenko, S. Naskalova, V. Shatilo
Abstract. Purpose of the work: to study the indicators characterizing heart lesions in elderly patients who had carried COVID-19. Materials and methods: 86 patients older than 60 years old, were examined, of whom 56 (32 women and 24 men) who have carried COVID-19 between 3 and 6 months before the study, and 30 patients (12 men and 18 women) who did not have COVID - 19 in the anamnesis. The patients have been examined clinically, electro and echocardiography have been performed. The results. Elderly patients during the post-covid period have complaints of shortness of breath, pain in the heart, swelling, coughing, weakness, which are more stable and intense than before the infection. Patients who have carried COVID-19 demonstrate the signs of a chronic pulmonary heart disease: increase in the size of a right ventricle and decrease of its contractile ability, increase in pressure in a pulmonary artery. Signs of a statistically significant moderate decrease of the contractility in the left ventricular were also identified. Conclusions. The statistically significant changes in the right departments of the heart among the patients with carried COVID-19 with persistent symptoms after infection were defined. Patients who have carried COVID-19 but have no symptoms did not differ statistically from the control group. Key words: COVID-19, old age, post- COVID period, right departments of the heart.
{"title":"COVID-19 associated changes in the right departments of the heart in the elderly people","authors":"L. Bodretska, I. Shapovalenko, I. Antonyuk-Shcheglova, O. Bondarenko, S. Naskalova, V. Shatilo","doi":"10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Purpose of the work: to study the indicators characterizing heart lesions in elderly patients who had carried COVID-19. \u0000Materials and methods: 86 patients older than 60 years old, were examined, of whom 56 (32 women and 24 men) who have carried COVID-19 between 3 and 6 months before the study, and 30 patients (12 men and 18 women) who did not have COVID - 19 in the anamnesis. The patients have been examined clinically, electro and echocardiography have been performed.\u0000The results. Elderly patients during the post-covid period have complaints of shortness of breath, pain in the heart, swelling, coughing, weakness, which are more stable and intense than before the infection. Patients who have carried COVID-19 demonstrate the signs of a chronic pulmonary heart disease: increase in the size of a right ventricle and decrease of its contractile ability, increase in pressure in a pulmonary artery. Signs of a statistically significant moderate decrease of the contractility in the left ventricular were also identified.\u0000Conclusions. The statistically significant changes in the right departments of the heart among the patients with carried COVID-19 with persistent symptoms after infection were defined. Patients who have carried COVID-19 but have no symptoms did not differ statistically from the control group.\u0000Key words: COVID-19, old age, post- COVID period, right departments of the heart.","PeriodicalId":73588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ageing and longevity","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80320729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lee Smith, G. F. López Sánchez, J. Shin, P. Soysal, N. Veronese, K. Kostev, L. Jacob, H. Oh, F. Schuch, L. Butler, Y. Barnett, Christopher Tejun Law, A. Koyanagi
Currently, there are limited data on the association between multimorbidity (i.e., ≥ 2 chronic conditions) and anxiety, especially among the older population in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the association between multimorbidity and anxiety symptoms in a large sample of adults aged ≥ 50 years from six LMICs (China, India, Ghana, Mexico, Russia, South Africa). Cross-sectional, nationally representative, community-based data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) were analysed. A total of 11 chronic physical conditions were assessed. Anxiety symptoms referred to extreme/severe problems with worry or anxiety in the past 30 days. Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analyses were conducted. Data on 34,129 adults aged ≥ 50 years were analysed (mean (SD) age 62.4 (16.0) years; 52.1% females). Compared with no chronic conditions, 2, 3, 4, and ≥ 5 chronic conditions were significantly associated with 1.47 (95% CI = 1.08–1.98), 2.46 (95% CI = 1.74–3.47), 3.04 (95% CI = 2.15–4.30), and 4.70 (95% CI = 2.99–7.38) times higher odds of anxiety symptoms, respectively. A country-wise analysis showed that multimorbidity was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms in all six countries (OR = 1.78–12.39) with the overall estimate based on a meta-analysis being OR = 2.29 (95% CI = 1.71–3.07). Multimorbidity was associated with higher odds of anxiety symptoms among older adults in LMICs. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to assess the temporal associations and mechanisms underlying this association.
{"title":"Multimorbidity and Anxiety Symptoms among Adults Aged 50 Years and Over from Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"Lee Smith, G. F. López Sánchez, J. Shin, P. Soysal, N. Veronese, K. Kostev, L. Jacob, H. Oh, F. Schuch, L. Butler, Y. Barnett, Christopher Tejun Law, A. Koyanagi","doi":"10.3390/jal1010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jal1010005","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there are limited data on the association between multimorbidity (i.e., ≥ 2 chronic conditions) and anxiety, especially among the older population in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the association between multimorbidity and anxiety symptoms in a large sample of adults aged ≥ 50 years from six LMICs (China, India, Ghana, Mexico, Russia, South Africa). Cross-sectional, nationally representative, community-based data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) were analysed. A total of 11 chronic physical conditions were assessed. Anxiety symptoms referred to extreme/severe problems with worry or anxiety in the past 30 days. Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analyses were conducted. Data on 34,129 adults aged ≥ 50 years were analysed (mean (SD) age 62.4 (16.0) years; 52.1% females). Compared with no chronic conditions, 2, 3, 4, and ≥ 5 chronic conditions were significantly associated with 1.47 (95% CI = 1.08–1.98), 2.46 (95% CI = 1.74–3.47), 3.04 (95% CI = 2.15–4.30), and 4.70 (95% CI = 2.99–7.38) times higher odds of anxiety symptoms, respectively. A country-wise analysis showed that multimorbidity was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms in all six countries (OR = 1.78–12.39) with the overall estimate based on a meta-analysis being OR = 2.29 (95% CI = 1.71–3.07). Multimorbidity was associated with higher odds of anxiety symptoms among older adults in LMICs. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to assess the temporal associations and mechanisms underlying this association.","PeriodicalId":73588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ageing and longevity","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43275364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-07DOI: 10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-2
A. Pisaruk, L. Mekhova
Abstract. For the estimation of the biological age (BA) of people based on hematological parameters of the clinical blood test there were used MLR and Deep Neural Networks. In the archive of the Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine there were selected people aged from 20 up to 90 years (440 men and 504 women), who had all hematological parameters within normal limits. When using the MLR method, the multiple correlation coefficients (R) have low values for both men (0.37) and women (0.38). The use of Deep Neural Networks has given good results. The values of the correlation coefficients between BA and chronological age were 0.92 for men and 0.79 for women. The average absolute error in determining BA was 3.68 years for the men and 6.55 years for the women. The developed method for assessing hematological age can be used in clinical practice to identify people with the risk of developing hematological pathology, as well as in population researches. Keywords: biological age, hematological blood parameters, deep neural network
{"title":"Estimating biological age by hematological blood parameters","authors":"A. Pisaruk, L. Mekhova","doi":"10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. For the estimation of the biological age (BA) of people based on hematological parameters of the clinical blood test there were used MLR and Deep Neural Networks. In the archive of the Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine there were selected people aged from 20 up to 90 years (440 men and 504 women), who had all hematological parameters within normal limits. When using the MLR method, the multiple correlation coefficients (R) have low values for both men (0.37) and women (0.38). The use of Deep Neural Networks has given good results. The values of the correlation coefficients between BA and chronological age were 0.92 for men and 0.79 for women. The average absolute error in determining BA was 3.68 years for the men and 6.55 years for the women. The developed method for assessing hematological age can be used in clinical practice to identify people with the risk of developing hematological pathology, as well as in population researches.\u0000\u0000Keywords: biological age, hematological blood parameters, deep neural network","PeriodicalId":73588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ageing and longevity","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88184703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-1
L. Kuprash, T. Panteleymonova, L. Sharabura, S. Mykhalskiy, P. Klymenko, Sergey S. Lugovskoy, V. Nepomnyashchy, N. Sykalo, V. Bezrukov
Abstract. The aim of the work was to study toxic properties of the new combined drug which comprise nitrovasodilator molsidomine and adenosine- 5’-triphosphate in a form of coordination compound with histidine, magnesium, and potassium (ATP-LONG). The drug was examined for its acute and subacute toxicity on Balb/c mice and Wistar rats of reproductive age with peroral (p/o) and sublingual (s/l) administrations. It has been established that LD50 of the substance contains over 10000 mg/kg (p/o) and 5010 mg/kg (s/l), which corresponds to the category of Practically non-toxic substances. The repetitive administrations within a 28 day period of the conditionally therapeutic dose of 260 mg/hg (s/l) did not cause any negative impact on physiological, biochemical, histological values in male and female rats. In doses 1300 and 2080 mg/kg, which exceed conditionally therapeutic doses by 5 and 8 times, the combination was not changing clinical laboratory urine and blood values but induced histological changes such as dilation and plethora of capillaries along with edema of smooth muscle cells of the brain, myocardium, liver, spleen, kidneys, and adrenal glands in rats. Additionally, the particular dosages of the combined substance provoked irritation of the mucous membrane of the tongue. Detected effects of the drug do not carry any pathological character and can be viewed as a specific reaction of the organism to high doses of nitrovasodilator. However, the duration and reversibility of unwanted consequences of molsidomine overdose, particularly in its combined form, need further investigation. Keywords: combination of molsidomine and ATP-LONG, acute and subacute toxicity
{"title":"Pharmacology-based toxicity assessment of molsidomine and ATP-LONG combination with singular and repetitive injections under experimental conditions","authors":"L. Kuprash, T. Panteleymonova, L. Sharabura, S. Mykhalskiy, P. Klymenko, Sergey S. Lugovskoy, V. Nepomnyashchy, N. Sykalo, V. Bezrukov","doi":"10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47855/jal9020-2021-3-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The aim of the work was to study toxic properties of the new combined drug which comprise nitrovasodilator molsidomine and adenosine- 5’-triphosphate in a form of coordination compound with histidine, magnesium, and potassium (ATP-LONG).\u0000The drug was examined for its acute and subacute toxicity on Balb/c mice and Wistar rats of reproductive age with peroral (p/o) and sublingual (s/l) administrations.\u0000It has been established that LD50 of the substance contains over 10000 mg/kg (p/o) and 5010 mg/kg (s/l), which corresponds to the category of Practically non-toxic substances. \u0000The repetitive administrations within a 28 day period of the conditionally therapeutic dose of 260 mg/hg (s/l) did not cause any negative impact on physiological, biochemical, histological values in male and female rats. In doses 1300 and 2080 mg/kg, which exceed conditionally therapeutic doses by 5 and 8 times, the combination was not changing clinical laboratory urine and blood values but induced histological changes such as dilation and plethora of capillaries along with edema of smooth muscle cells of the brain, myocardium, liver, spleen, kidneys, and adrenal glands in rats. Additionally, the particular dosages of the combined substance provoked irritation of the mucous membrane of the tongue. Detected effects of the drug do not carry any pathological character and can be viewed as a specific reaction of the organism to high doses of nitrovasodilator. However, the duration and reversibility of unwanted consequences of molsidomine overdose, particularly in its combined form, need further investigation. \u0000\u0000Keywords: combination of molsidomine and ATP-LONG, acute and subacute toxicity","PeriodicalId":73588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ageing and longevity","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76407087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The majority of studies on stressful life events focus on posttraumatic stress disorder and depression, while less is known about whether the cumulative exposure to stressful life events over the life course will deteriorate cognitive function. This study aims to investigate the association between lifetime stressful life events and cognitive function in an immigrant population. The data were drawn from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE). Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a sample of 3125 U.S. Chinese older adults in 2017–2019. Twelve types of stressful life events were assessed: physical assault, residential fires, sexual assault, miscarriage, abortion, imprisonment, being falsely accused, divorce, death of a loved one, being robbed, experiencing cancer, and being homeless. Cognitive function was measured through global cognition, episodic memory, working memory, processing speed, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Linear regression was performed. Older adults who experienced a higher number of life events were associated with higher global cognition (b = 0.11, SE = 0.01, p < 0.001), episodic memory (b = 0.14, SE = 0.02, p < 0.001), working memory (b = 0.17, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001), processing speed (b = 1.92, SE = 0.18, p < 0.001), and MMSE (b = 0.29, SE = 0.07, p < 0.001), while controlling for age, gender, income, education, medical comorbidities, ADL, and depressive symptoms. In contrast with earlier studies, we identified the positive relationships between aggregate and individual life events and cognition. Older adults who had prior experience with stressful life events could demonstrate an advantage over those without such experiences. In addition, older adults who experienced life event(s) during adulthood and old age are associated with higher cognitive function. Further studies could investigate how individuals respond to stressful life events and how the underlying resilience mechanism would promote cognitive function.
大多数关于压力生活事件的研究集中在创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症上，而对于在生命过程中累积暴露于压力生活事件是否会损害认知功能的研究却很少。本研究旨在探讨移民人群一生压力生活事件与认知功能的关系。数据来自芝加哥华人老年人口研究(PINE)。2017-2019年，对3125名美国华裔老年人进行了面对面访谈。对12种生活压力事件进行了评估:身体攻击、住宅火灾、性侵犯、流产、堕胎、监禁、被诬告、离婚、亲人死亡、被抢劫、患癌症和无家可归。通过整体认知、情景记忆、工作记忆、处理速度和简易精神状态检查(MMSE)来测量认知功能。进行线性回归。老年人经历了更多的生活事件与全球相关认知(b = 0.11, = 0.01, p < 0.001),情景记忆(b = 0.14, = 0.02, p < 0.001),工作记忆(b = 0.17, = 0.03, p < 0.001),处理速度(b = 1.92, = 0.18, p < 0.001),和MMSE (b = 0.29, = 0.07, p < 0.001),而控制了年龄,性别,收入,教育,医学并存病、ADL,和抑郁症状。与早期的研究相反，我们确定了总体和个体生活事件与认知之间的正相关关系。先前有过压力生活事件经历的老年人可能比那些没有这种经历的人表现出优势。此外，在成年期和老年期经历过生活事件的老年人具有更高的认知功能。进一步的研究可以探讨个体如何应对压力生活事件，以及潜在的弹性机制如何促进认知功能。
{"title":"Stressful Life Events and Late-Life Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults: Findings from a Population-Based Cohort Study in the Greater Chicago Area","authors":"Gabriella C. Dong, Mengting Li","doi":"10.3390/jal1010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jal1010004","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of studies on stressful life events focus on posttraumatic stress disorder and depression, while less is known about whether the cumulative exposure to stressful life events over the life course will deteriorate cognitive function. This study aims to investigate the association between lifetime stressful life events and cognitive function in an immigrant population. The data were drawn from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE). Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a sample of 3125 U.S. Chinese older adults in 2017–2019. Twelve types of stressful life events were assessed: physical assault, residential fires, sexual assault, miscarriage, abortion, imprisonment, being falsely accused, divorce, death of a loved one, being robbed, experiencing cancer, and being homeless. Cognitive function was measured through global cognition, episodic memory, working memory, processing speed, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Linear regression was performed. Older adults who experienced a higher number of life events were associated with higher global cognition (b = 0.11, SE = 0.01, p < 0.001), episodic memory (b = 0.14, SE = 0.02, p < 0.001), working memory (b = 0.17, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001), processing speed (b = 1.92, SE = 0.18, p < 0.001), and MMSE (b = 0.29, SE = 0.07, p < 0.001), while controlling for age, gender, income, education, medical comorbidities, ADL, and depressive symptoms. In contrast with earlier studies, we identified the positive relationships between aggregate and individual life events and cognition. Older adults who had prior experience with stressful life events could demonstrate an advantage over those without such experiences. In addition, older adults who experienced life event(s) during adulthood and old age are associated with higher cognitive function. Further studies could investigate how individuals respond to stressful life events and how the underlying resilience mechanism would promote cognitive function.","PeriodicalId":73588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ageing and longevity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43341848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Spiteri, J. Xerri de Caro, K. England, N. Calleja, Lee Smith, K. Grafton, D. Broom
(1) Objectives: The study aimed to examine data from Malta’s Health Interview Survey (HIS) to assess differences between persons in employment and those retired, across different time periods. (2) Methods: A repeat cross-sectional design was adopted. Data that were collected over a period of 12 years included three cross-sectional HIS waves (2002, 2008 and 2014). Data were analysed cross-sectionally and longitudinally using multilevel analysis. (3) Results: In total, 4690 participants between the ages of 50 and 74 years provided data on physical activity (PA). A statistical difference was found between those employed and retired, with the latter undertaking less PA MET min per week in 2002 and 2008. There was no difference in 2014. When adjusting for covariates, people in employment carried out less PA MET min per week (OR-0.16–−0.02) compared to retired individuals. Using multilevel modelling, this study shows that individual factors such BMI and long-standing illness are predictors of PA behaviour as opposed to time trends. (4) Conclusion: Retirement can increase PA measured in MET minutes per week. Individual factors such as BMI, long-standing health problems and self-rated health could be causing the higher levels seen in the employed population during the studied period.
{"title":"Physical Activity Behaviour in 50- to 74-Year-Olds: Differences between Employed and Retired Individuals","authors":"K. Spiteri, J. Xerri de Caro, K. England, N. Calleja, Lee Smith, K. Grafton, D. Broom","doi":"10.3390/jal1010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jal1010003","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Objectives: The study aimed to examine data from Malta’s Health Interview Survey (HIS) to assess differences between persons in employment and those retired, across different time periods. (2) Methods: A repeat cross-sectional design was adopted. Data that were collected over a period of 12 years included three cross-sectional HIS waves (2002, 2008 and 2014). Data were analysed cross-sectionally and longitudinally using multilevel analysis. (3) Results: In total, 4690 participants between the ages of 50 and 74 years provided data on physical activity (PA). A statistical difference was found between those employed and retired, with the latter undertaking less PA MET min per week in 2002 and 2008. There was no difference in 2014. When adjusting for covariates, people in employment carried out less PA MET min per week (OR-0.16–−0.02) compared to retired individuals. Using multilevel modelling, this study shows that individual factors such BMI and long-standing illness are predictors of PA behaviour as opposed to time trends. (4) Conclusion: Retirement can increase PA measured in MET minutes per week. Individual factors such as BMI, long-standing health problems and self-rated health could be causing the higher levels seen in the employed population during the studied period.","PeriodicalId":73588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ageing and longevity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44179589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Previous studies pointed out that the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a lesser effect on elderly people compared to their younger counterparts. However, a limited number of studies have analyzed the effects of COVID-19 on the psychological aspects of the elderly using longitudinal data. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to clarify the changes in self-rated overall daily life satisfaction among community dwelling elderly in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the longitudinal data of 5176 individuals aged 15 years and older from the first and second internet surveys on “Changes in Daily Life Awareness and Behavior under the Influence of the New Coronavirus Infection” conducted by the Cabinet Office of Japan. The estimation result of the mixed-effects model indicated that elderly people were more adversely affected by the first wave of the pandemic (May 2020) compared to their younger counterparts. However, by the beginning of the third wave (December 2020), they had largely recovered to the same level as that of before the COVID-19 pandemic, which suggested that the elderly managed to cope with psychological distress to some extent during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Changes in Daily Life Satisfaction among Community Dwelling Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan","authors":"Akira Ishida, Emiko Ishida","doi":"10.3390/jal1010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jal1010002","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies pointed out that the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a lesser effect on elderly people compared to their younger counterparts. However, a limited number of studies have analyzed the effects of COVID-19 on the psychological aspects of the elderly using longitudinal data. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to clarify the changes in self-rated overall daily life satisfaction among community dwelling elderly in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the longitudinal data of 5176 individuals aged 15 years and older from the first and second internet surveys on “Changes in Daily Life Awareness and Behavior under the Influence of the New Coronavirus Infection” conducted by the Cabinet Office of Japan. The estimation result of the mixed-effects model indicated that elderly people were more adversely affected by the first wave of the pandemic (May 2020) compared to their younger counterparts. However, by the beginning of the third wave (December 2020), they had largely recovered to the same level as that of before the COVID-19 pandemic, which suggested that the elderly managed to cope with psychological distress to some extent during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":73588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ageing and longevity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44252614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-03DOI: 10.47855/jal9020-2021-2-4
A. Bozhkov, Ievgeniy Ivanov, E. Klimova, N. Kurguzova, А. Bozhkov, A. Goltvyanskiy, Y. Nikitchenko
Abstract: the content of lipid hydroperoxides in the serum and liver mitochondria in animals in the late stages of ontogenesis (12 and 33 months old, Wistar male rats) was investigated. The possible effect of the food additive (“mix factor”) on these parameters in 33 months old animals, if they received this supplement from 22 months age daily throughout life in a dose of 0.05 - 0.06 ml / 100 g of body weight was determined. Moreover, the lifespan of animals was determined if they started taking a mix – factor from 22 months and from 30.5 months age. The influence of the mix – factor on the ability of old animals to perform work was determined in a separate series of experiments. It was shown that from 22 to 33 months the content of lipid hydroperoxides in mitochondria and serum increased by 23% and 41%, respectively. The activity of glutathione peroxidase in the serum, mitochondria and erythrocytes decreased, and the activity of glutathione reductase decreased only in the post-mitochondrial fraction of the liver. At the same time, malate– isocitrate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphate dehydrogenase remained unchanged in 33 months old animals compared with 12 months old animals. If animals from 22 months age received a mix factor with drinking water in a dose of 0.05-0.06 mg / 100 g of body weight every day until the end of life, the content of lipid hydroperoxides and the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase of 33 months old animals did not differ from 12 months old animals. The survival curve in animals receiving the mix factor was shifted to the right from 25 to 28 months of age compared with the survival curve of control animals. If animals began to receive the mix – factor at a very old age (from 30.5 months age) until the end of life, their lifespan was longer than that of the control animals. The last ones lived to 41 months, while the animals of the control group lived to 36 months. At the same time, the mix – factor increased the ability of old animals to do work in the test “running in treadmill”. Key words: aging, redox-system, geroprotectors, lifespan
{"title":"The “Mix-Factor” is involved in the regulation of the organism's redox systems in the late stages of ontogenesis and affects the lifespan of animals","authors":"A. Bozhkov, Ievgeniy Ivanov, E. Klimova, N. Kurguzova, А. Bozhkov, A. Goltvyanskiy, Y. Nikitchenko","doi":"10.47855/jal9020-2021-2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47855/jal9020-2021-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: the content of lipid hydroperoxides in the serum and liver mitochondria in animals in the late stages of ontogenesis (12 and 33 months old, Wistar male rats) was investigated. The possible effect of the food additive (“mix factor”) on these parameters in 33 months old animals, if they received this supplement from 22 months age daily throughout life in a dose of 0.05 - 0.06 ml / 100 g of body weight was determined. Moreover, the lifespan of animals was determined if they started taking a mix – factor from 22 months and from 30.5 months age. The influence of the mix – factor on the ability of old animals to perform work was determined in a separate series of experiments. It was shown that from 22 to 33 months the content of lipid hydroperoxides in mitochondria and serum increased by 23% and 41%, respectively. The activity of glutathione peroxidase in the serum, mitochondria and erythrocytes decreased, and the activity of glutathione reductase decreased only in the post-mitochondrial fraction of the liver. At the same time, malate– isocitrate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphate dehydrogenase remained unchanged in 33 months old animals compared with 12 months old animals. If animals from 22 months age received a mix factor with drinking water in a dose of 0.05-0.06 mg / 100 g of body weight every day until the end of life, the content of lipid hydroperoxides and the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase of 33 months old animals did not differ from 12 months old animals. The survival curve in animals receiving the mix factor was shifted to the right from 25 to 28 months of age compared with the survival curve of control animals. If animals began to receive the mix – factor at a very old age (from 30.5 months age) until the end of life, their lifespan was longer than that of the control animals. The last ones lived to 41 months, while the animals of the control group lived to 36 months. At the same time, the mix – factor increased the ability of old animals to do work in the test “running in treadmill”.\u0000Key words: aging, redox-system, geroprotectors, lifespan","PeriodicalId":73588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ageing and longevity","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86145189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.47855/JAL9020-2021-2-3
A. Pisaruk, N. Koshel, Ludmila Pysaruk, V. Shatilo
Abstract. The symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome (PPCS) are nonspecific and similar to those signs of aging. Therefore, it was suggested that those who have recovered from COVID-19 have accelerating the aging of the body. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of COVID-19 on the frequency of signs of aging. To collect the data, there was used a developed questionnaire, which included 17 signs of aging. There were received the answers from 306 people at the age from 30 to 70 years old. Among them, 98 people have had COVID-19. The average age of the people in the post-COVID-19 and COVID-19-free groups was 51,3 ± 1,65 and 50,4 ± 1,17, respectively (p> 0,05). The frequency of 14 signs of aging was significantly (p <0,01) higher among post-COVID-19 people. Particularly significant differences between post-COVID-19 and COVID-19-free were in the group of people under the age of 50 years old. The data, received by us, allowed to develop a computational procedure for diagnosing of PPCS. The task of attributing of the surveyed people to the post-COVID-19 and COVID-19-free group in accordance with the presence of certain symptoms was solved with the help of the Bayesian method in Gubler's modification, multiple logistic regression and neural network analysis. The developed diagnostic procedures can be used for the identification of the people with a high probability of the developing of PPCS. Keywords: rate of aging, post-COVID-19 syndrome, questionnaire
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on the signs of human ageing","authors":"A. Pisaruk, N. Koshel, Ludmila Pysaruk, V. Shatilo","doi":"10.47855/JAL9020-2021-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47855/JAL9020-2021-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome (PPCS) are nonspecific and similar to those signs of aging. Therefore, it was suggested that those who have recovered from COVID-19 have accelerating the aging of the body. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of COVID-19 on the frequency of signs of aging. To collect the data, there was used a developed questionnaire, which included 17 signs of aging. There were received the answers from 306 people at the age from 30 to 70 years old. Among them, 98 people have had COVID-19. The average age of the people in the post-COVID-19 and COVID-19-free groups was 51,3 ± 1,65 and 50,4 ± 1,17, respectively (p> 0,05). The frequency of 14 signs of aging was significantly (p <0,01) higher among post-COVID-19 people. Particularly significant differences between post-COVID-19 and COVID-19-free were in the group of people under the age of 50 years old. The data, received by us, allowed to develop a computational procedure for diagnosing of PPCS. The task of attributing of the surveyed people to the post-COVID-19 and COVID-19-free group in accordance with the presence of certain symptoms was solved with the help of the Bayesian method in Gubler's modification, multiple logistic regression and neural network analysis. The developed diagnostic procedures can be used for the identification of the people with a high probability of the developing of PPCS.\u0000Keywords: rate of aging, post-COVID-19 syndrome, questionnaire","PeriodicalId":73588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ageing and longevity","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89061695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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