Pub Date : 2018-07-30DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877-C2-040
Sara M. Dann
{"title":"Polymicrobial bacterial infection increases host susceptibility to intestinal inflammation","authors":"Sara M. Dann","doi":"10.4172/2332-0877-C2-040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-0877-C2-040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious disease and therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70297451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-30DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877-C2-042
Jency Suraj
{"title":"Prevention of healthcare-associated infections in neonates: Room for improvement","authors":"Jency Suraj","doi":"10.4172/2332-0877-C2-042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-0877-C2-042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious disease and therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70297516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-30DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877-C2-041
H. Mukhtar, W. Eldaif, Alsadig Gassoum, M. A. Arbab, Hassan Musa
{"title":"Association of P2X7 1513A/C polymorphism with susceptibility to tuberculosis among sudanese patients","authors":"H. Mukhtar, W. Eldaif, Alsadig Gassoum, M. A. Arbab, Hassan Musa","doi":"10.4172/2332-0877-C2-041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-0877-C2-041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious disease and therapy","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70297462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-18DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877.1000371
Jiang Dayong, Qiaoli. Song, Ma Zhengbing, Bai Yuling, Teng Hong, Z. Feg
Objective: Comparative analysis of the improved “mini” laparoscopic cholecystectomy and traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy, to explore the advantages and disadvantages of the improved “mini” laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: Analysis of the medical records from 341 cases of the improved “mini” laparoscopic cholecystectomy and107 cases of traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy were conducted at the same period. Institutional review board approval was obtained for this study. Comparison between the two groups in operation time,intraoperative blood loss, complications around the operation, hospitalization time, intestinal function recovery time, postoperative pain score and abdominal wall cosmetic effect score. Results: The postoperative pain score of the improved “mini” laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (Group A) was lower than that of traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (Group B) (P<0.05). The abdominal wall cosmetic effect score of group A is obviously higher than that of group B(P<0.01). Conclusion: The improved “mini” laparoscopic cholecystectomy has the advantages of less postoperative pain and better cosmetic effect on the abdominal wall, which makes it easier to be accepted by the majority of patients.
{"title":"Clinical Application Research of the Improved Mini Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy","authors":"Jiang Dayong, Qiaoli. Song, Ma Zhengbing, Bai Yuling, Teng Hong, Z. Feg","doi":"10.4172/2332-0877.1000371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-0877.1000371","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Comparative analysis of the improved “mini” laparoscopic cholecystectomy and traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy, to explore the advantages and disadvantages of the improved “mini” laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: Analysis of the medical records from 341 cases of the improved “mini” laparoscopic cholecystectomy and107 cases of traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy were conducted at the same period. Institutional review board approval was obtained for this study. Comparison between the two groups in operation time,intraoperative blood loss, complications around the operation, hospitalization time, intestinal function recovery time, postoperative pain score and abdominal wall cosmetic effect score. Results: The postoperative pain score of the improved “mini” laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (Group A) was lower than that of traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (Group B) (P<0.05). The abdominal wall cosmetic effect score of group A is obviously higher than that of group B(P<0.01). Conclusion: The improved “mini” laparoscopic cholecystectomy has the advantages of less postoperative pain and better cosmetic effect on the abdominal wall, which makes it easier to be accepted by the majority of patients.","PeriodicalId":73792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious disease and therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2332-0877.1000371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47022697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-09DOI: 10.11648/J.IJIDT.20180302.12
S. Babu
Multiple antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations is a pervasive and growing clinical problem, which is recognized as a threat to public health. Drug resistance to Pseudomonas sp. has spread to such a level irrespective of the type of patients, that, its pattern of distribution and antibiotic resistance needs to be studied in detail, especially in trauma patients. Of the Gram negative bacilli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been of particular interest, the incidence of which in wound infection has increased compared to a decade back. The objective of this study was to know the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from wound infections. Out of the total of 1404 cases from which pus samples collected, 204 (14.5%) yielded Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Among the antibiotics tested, Imipenem was the most sensitive drug, showing susceptibility in 81.3% of the isolates, followed by Piperacillin + tazobactam (76.4%), Meropenem (70.5%) and Piperacillin (67.6%). Fifteen (7.4%) multidrug resistant strains were reported out of the 204 isolations. Increase in resistance to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones in this study, prompted evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas isolates from clinical samples at regular intervals.
{"title":"Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Wound Infections in a Tertiary Care Centre in South Kerala, India","authors":"S. Babu","doi":"10.11648/J.IJIDT.20180302.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJIDT.20180302.12","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations is a pervasive and growing clinical problem, which is recognized as a threat to public health. Drug resistance to Pseudomonas sp. has spread to such a level irrespective of the type of patients, that, its pattern of distribution and antibiotic resistance needs to be studied in detail, especially in trauma patients. Of the Gram negative bacilli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been of particular interest, the incidence of which in wound infection has increased compared to a decade back. The objective of this study was to know the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from wound infections. Out of the total of 1404 cases from which pus samples collected, 204 (14.5%) yielded Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Among the antibiotics tested, Imipenem was the most sensitive drug, showing susceptibility in 81.3% of the isolates, followed by Piperacillin + tazobactam (76.4%), Meropenem (70.5%) and Piperacillin (67.6%). Fifteen (7.4%) multidrug resistant strains were reported out of the 204 isolations. Increase in resistance to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones in this study, prompted evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas isolates from clinical samples at regular intervals.","PeriodicalId":73792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious disease and therapy","volume":"3 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45952731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-15DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877.1000361
Musa Muhammad Babandina, Abdullahi Suleiman Mainasara, I. Nasir, M. K. Dallatu, M. Bakare, L. Olayemi, R. O. Ajagbe
Diabetic patients are at increased risk of wound infection after minor or major surgery due to the role diabetes play in metabolic function by impairing inflammatory process leading to increased risk of infection and impaired wound healing. This study investigated the phenotypic profile and antibiogram of pathogens isolated from diabetic patients attending National Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria After approval from the Ethics and Research committee of National Hospital, Abuja. Wound swab sticks were carefully collected from consented 40 post-operative diabetic subjects and 40 post-operative non-diabetic subjects. These samples were analyzed using standard microbiological techniques for isolation, identification and the antibiograms of pathogens. Distribution of bacterial isolate in this study revealed that Staphylococcus spp (both coagulase positive and coagulase negative) are the most common pathogen from post-operative septic diabetic patients, 15 (37.5%); followed by Escherichia coli, 10 (25.0 %); Klebsialla spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has 6 (15.0%) each. However, Staphylococcus spp in septic non-diabetic wounds was 35.0%, followed by Escherichia coli and Proteus spp (27.5%) while Klebsiella spp, Streptococcus spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa comprised of 16.3%, 3.7% and 2.5% respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of respective isolates showed Ceftriazone, Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin as more susceptible compared to Amoxicillin-Clavulanate and gentamycin. The pattern also suggests multidrug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp compared with no antibiotic resistance in isolates such as Proteus spp, Klebsiella spp and coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS).Conclusion: Findings from this study indicated that unprecedented bacterial infection is mostly supported by diabetes which may lead to delayed wound healing. It further revealed that more antibiotics resistance in septic diabetic subject than septic non-diabetics.
{"title":"Phenotypic Profile and Antibiogram of Pathogens Isolated from Diabetic Patients Attending National Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria","authors":"Musa Muhammad Babandina, Abdullahi Suleiman Mainasara, I. Nasir, M. K. Dallatu, M. Bakare, L. Olayemi, R. O. Ajagbe","doi":"10.4172/2332-0877.1000361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-0877.1000361","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic patients are at increased risk of wound infection after minor or major surgery due to the role diabetes play in metabolic function by impairing inflammatory process leading to increased risk of infection and impaired wound healing. This study investigated the phenotypic profile and antibiogram of pathogens isolated from diabetic patients attending National Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria After approval from the Ethics and Research committee of National Hospital, Abuja. Wound swab sticks were carefully collected from consented 40 post-operative diabetic subjects and 40 post-operative non-diabetic subjects. These samples were analyzed using standard microbiological techniques for isolation, identification and the antibiograms of pathogens. Distribution of bacterial isolate in this study revealed that Staphylococcus spp (both coagulase positive and coagulase negative) are the most common pathogen from post-operative septic diabetic patients, 15 (37.5%); followed by Escherichia coli, 10 (25.0 %); Klebsialla spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has 6 (15.0%) each. However, Staphylococcus spp in septic non-diabetic wounds was 35.0%, followed by Escherichia coli and Proteus spp (27.5%) while Klebsiella spp, Streptococcus spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa comprised of 16.3%, 3.7% and 2.5% respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of respective isolates showed Ceftriazone, Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin as more susceptible compared to Amoxicillin-Clavulanate and gentamycin. The pattern also suggests multidrug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp compared with no antibiotic resistance in isolates such as Proteus spp, Klebsiella spp and coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS).Conclusion: Findings from this study indicated that unprecedented bacterial infection is mostly supported by diabetes which may lead to delayed wound healing. It further revealed that more antibiotics resistance in septic diabetic subject than septic non-diabetics.","PeriodicalId":73792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious disease and therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2332-0877.1000361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48174667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-09DOI: 10.11648/J.IJIDT.20180302.11
M. Flatin, S. Hounkpatin, C. Attinsounon, Abdou Zulkif Toungou, F. Bouraima, Alexis do Santos Zounon, F. Avakoudjo, W. Adjibabi
Introduction: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood infection, subject to a wrongful prescription of antibiotics. The objective of this work was to evaluate the practices of general practitioners of North-Benin, in term of caring AOM in children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey based on a telephone interview questionnaire with 112 general practitioners working in North Benin in 2017. The collected data were analyzed using EpiData Analysis and Open Epi software. The Khi2 test was used for comparisons. The significance threshold adopted was 0.05. Results: Of the 145 general practitioners listed, 112 participated in the survey for a participation rate of 77.2%. The mean age was 32 ± 6 years with a sex ratio of 4.04 and the median duration of seniority in the medical practice was 4 years with extremes of 1 and 32 years. Three main clinical signs suggestive of the diagnosis were, according to the respondents, otalgia (107; 95.5%), otorrhea (86; 76.8%) and fever (77; 68.8%). Tympanum inflammation and middle ear effusion association was considered as a diagnostic criterium by 17.9% of doctors. Therapeutic recommendations were known by 15 doctors (13.4%). Systematic antibiotic therapy was advocated by 86 doctors (76.8%). The main reasons for systematic antibiotics were the frequent use of antibiotics by parents in the self-medication (63 cases or 74.4%), the difficulty of following up the child (55 cases or 64 per cent) and the fear of the locoregional or systemic spread of infection (40 cases or 46.5%). The amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination was prescribed as first-line by 68 respondents (62.4%). Forty doctors (36.7%) prescribed third-generation cephalosporins as second-line therapy. Systemic rhinopharyngeal disinfection was performed by 23 doctors (20.5%). In case of therapeutic failure, the opinion of an ENT doctor was requested by 66 general practitioners or 58.9% of the cases. Conclusion: It is necessary that Beninese medical companies develop national recommendations for managing the acute otitis media and ensure their diffusion through continuous medical training.
{"title":"Care for Acute Otitis Media in Children by General Practitioners in North Benin in 2017","authors":"M. Flatin, S. Hounkpatin, C. Attinsounon, Abdou Zulkif Toungou, F. Bouraima, Alexis do Santos Zounon, F. Avakoudjo, W. Adjibabi","doi":"10.11648/J.IJIDT.20180302.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJIDT.20180302.11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood infection, subject to a wrongful prescription of antibiotics. The objective of this work was to evaluate the practices of general practitioners of North-Benin, in term of caring AOM in children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey based on a telephone interview questionnaire with 112 general practitioners working in North Benin in 2017. The collected data were analyzed using EpiData Analysis and Open Epi software. The Khi2 test was used for comparisons. The significance threshold adopted was 0.05. Results: Of the 145 general practitioners listed, 112 participated in the survey for a participation rate of 77.2%. The mean age was 32 ± 6 years with a sex ratio of 4.04 and the median duration of seniority in the medical practice was 4 years with extremes of 1 and 32 years. Three main clinical signs suggestive of the diagnosis were, according to the respondents, otalgia (107; 95.5%), otorrhea (86; 76.8%) and fever (77; 68.8%). Tympanum inflammation and middle ear effusion association was considered as a diagnostic criterium by 17.9% of doctors. Therapeutic recommendations were known by 15 doctors (13.4%). Systematic antibiotic therapy was advocated by 86 doctors (76.8%). The main reasons for systematic antibiotics were the frequent use of antibiotics by parents in the self-medication (63 cases or 74.4%), the difficulty of following up the child (55 cases or 64 per cent) and the fear of the locoregional or systemic spread of infection (40 cases or 46.5%). The amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination was prescribed as first-line by 68 respondents (62.4%). Forty doctors (36.7%) prescribed third-generation cephalosporins as second-line therapy. Systemic rhinopharyngeal disinfection was performed by 23 doctors (20.5%). In case of therapeutic failure, the opinion of an ENT doctor was requested by 66 general practitioners or 58.9% of the cases. Conclusion: It is necessary that Beninese medical companies develop national recommendations for managing the acute otitis media and ensure their diffusion through continuous medical training.","PeriodicalId":73792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious disease and therapy","volume":"131 14","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41265174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-28DOI: 10.11648/J.IJIDT.20180301.14
B. Fishman, V. Veber, V. Kulikov, M. Hapman, О. Denisova, K. Nikolaeva, V. Zurabov, M. Yukhno, O. Lole, P. Starikov
Among patients of different ages with hepatocirrhosis of A, B, C virus viral etiology in Child-Pugh, chronic hepatic encephalopathy of all stages may occur along with discirculatory disorders with the development of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency. The Reitan test duration is more than 200 seconds, blood flow hemispheric asymmetry is more than 40%, the decrease in the velocity parameters of the blood flow and the indices of vascular resistance in the basins of the middle cerebral arteries decrease below the reference values are associated with the adverse hepatic encephalopathy prognosis. The degrees of cognitive and discirculatory disorders are interrelated with the compensation stages for hepatocirrhosis. An increase of cognitive impairment degree from the logical thinking ability and attention to time and space disorientation is registered along with discirculatory disorders and cirrhosis compensation stage decrease.
{"title":"Cerebral Hemodynamics Influence on the Current and Prediction of Hepatic Encephalopathy","authors":"B. Fishman, V. Veber, V. Kulikov, M. Hapman, О. Denisova, K. Nikolaeva, V. Zurabov, M. Yukhno, O. Lole, P. Starikov","doi":"10.11648/J.IJIDT.20180301.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJIDT.20180301.14","url":null,"abstract":"Among patients of different ages with hepatocirrhosis of A, B, C virus viral etiology in Child-Pugh, chronic hepatic encephalopathy of all stages may occur along with discirculatory disorders with the development of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency. The Reitan test duration is more than 200 seconds, blood flow hemispheric asymmetry is more than 40%, the decrease in the velocity parameters of the blood flow and the indices of vascular resistance in the basins of the middle cerebral arteries decrease below the reference values are associated with the adverse hepatic encephalopathy prognosis. The degrees of cognitive and discirculatory disorders are interrelated with the compensation stages for hepatocirrhosis. An increase of cognitive impairment degree from the logical thinking ability and attention to time and space disorientation is registered along with discirculatory disorders and cirrhosis compensation stage decrease.","PeriodicalId":73792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious disease and therapy","volume":"3 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42559841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-20DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877.1000357
A. K. Yadav, Sanjeev Kumar Ambasta, S. Prasad, M. Trivedi
Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial property of crude, aqueous and organic solvent extracts from leaf, stem and root parts of two different cultivars of Catharanthus roseus (i.e. “rosea” and “alba”) under in-vitro conditions on various human pathogenic bacteria. Methods: Antibacterial activity of C. roseus was performed by crude (Fresh), aqueous, ethanol, methanol and mixture of ethanolic leaf extracts (Dried) against various pathogenic bacteria viz. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) by disk diffusion assay under in-vitro conditions. Results: Gram positive bacteria were found to be more susceptible rather Gram negative bacteria. Dried extracts of root, stem and leaf of C. roseus var. “rosea” and “alba” plants show maximum antibacterial potential activity against all test microorganisms. The equimolar (1:1) concentration (Mixture) of ethanolic leaf extracts of species “rosea” and “alba” exhibit maximum zone of inhibition against all the test organisms (B. subtilis, E. coli, and S. aureus) rather than individually extracted form. Findings of ethanolic mixture on the tested bacterium confirm the effect may be potentiating or synergistic or additive or antagonistic. Conclusions: From the findings it could be inferred that C. roseus varieties “rosea” and “alba” could be efficiently used in the development of new life saving drugs.
目的:考察玫瑰花(Catharanthus roseus，即“玫瑰花”和“白花”)叶、茎和根的粗提物、水提物和有机溶剂提物在体外条件下对多种人类致病菌的抑菌作用。方法:在体外条件下，采用纸片扩散法测定玫瑰玫瑰粗提取物(新鲜)、水提取物、乙醇提取物、甲醇提取物和乙醇提取物(干燥)的混合物对枯草芽孢杆菌(B. subtilis)、大肠杆菌(E. coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)的抑菌活性。结果:革兰氏阳性菌较革兰氏阴性菌更易感染。玫瑰C. roseus var. " rosea "和" alba "植物根、茎和叶的干燥提取物对所有试验微生物的抑菌活性最大。“玫瑰”和“白”两种植物的乙醇叶提取物的等摩尔(1:1)浓度(混合物)对所有试验生物(枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌)的抑制作用最大，而不是单独提取的形式。对被测细菌的乙醇混合物的研究结果证实，这种作用可能是增强的、协同的、加和的或拮抗的。结论:从研究结果可以推断，玫瑰属品种“玫瑰”和“白”可以有效地用于开发新的救命药物。
{"title":"In-vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Property of Catharanthus roseus (Linn.) G. Don. var. “ rosea ” and “ alba ” on Various Bacterial Pathogens","authors":"A. K. Yadav, Sanjeev Kumar Ambasta, S. Prasad, M. Trivedi","doi":"10.4172/2332-0877.1000357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-0877.1000357","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial property of crude, aqueous and organic solvent extracts from leaf, stem and root parts of two different cultivars of Catharanthus roseus (i.e. “rosea” and “alba”) under in-vitro conditions on various human pathogenic bacteria. Methods: Antibacterial activity of C. roseus was performed by crude (Fresh), aqueous, ethanol, methanol and mixture of ethanolic leaf extracts (Dried) against various pathogenic bacteria viz. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) by disk diffusion assay under in-vitro conditions. Results: Gram positive bacteria were found to be more susceptible rather Gram negative bacteria. Dried extracts of root, stem and leaf of C. roseus var. “rosea” and “alba” plants show maximum antibacterial potential activity against all test microorganisms. The equimolar (1:1) concentration (Mixture) of ethanolic leaf extracts of species “rosea” and “alba” exhibit maximum zone of inhibition against all the test organisms (B. subtilis, E. coli, and S. aureus) rather than individually extracted form. Findings of ethanolic mixture on the tested bacterium confirm the effect may be potentiating or synergistic or additive or antagonistic. Conclusions: From the findings it could be inferred that C. roseus varieties “rosea” and “alba” could be efficiently used in the development of new life saving drugs.","PeriodicalId":73792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious disease and therapy","volume":"2018 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41378993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-19DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877.1000356
Damaceno Qs
There are some variables associated with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) establishment success in healthcare settings and infection outcomes such as long-time use of antibiotics, immunosuppression, medical devices, loss of skin integrity, time of permanence of patients in ICUs and microorganism virulence. Our aim was to review the impact of antimicrobial use in patients’ colonization with MDRO. In fact, gene encoding resistance can be detected even in commensal microbiota. Some analysis using DNA sequencing to evaluate microbiomes has confirmed the impact of antibiotic use in microbiota leading to the emergence of potential pathogens. Conversely, the decreased use of a specific antibiotic can lead to loss of resistance.
{"title":"Impact of Antibiotic Use in Patient Colonization with Multidrug-resistant Organisms","authors":"Damaceno Qs","doi":"10.4172/2332-0877.1000356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-0877.1000356","url":null,"abstract":"There are some variables associated with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) establishment success in healthcare settings and infection outcomes such as long-time use of antibiotics, immunosuppression, medical devices, loss of skin integrity, time of permanence of patients in ICUs and microorganism virulence. Our aim was to review the impact of antimicrobial use in patients’ colonization with MDRO. In fact, gene encoding resistance can be detected even in commensal microbiota. Some analysis using DNA sequencing to evaluate microbiomes has confirmed the impact of antibiotic use in microbiota leading to the emergence of potential pathogens. Conversely, the decreased use of a specific antibiotic can lead to loss of resistance.","PeriodicalId":73792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious disease and therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2332-0877.1000356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48595197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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